定语从句北京四中教学内容
11.06.09定语从句+(二)

什么是非限制性定语从句? 什么是非限制性定语从句? 就是不用限制先行词的定语从句。译 成汉语时,主句和从句可以分别翻译, 互不影响。最大的特点就是先行词后 面有逗号隔开。 • She is good at speaking French, which she learned at school. • This book was written by Jack, who was here a moment ago. • I have some friends, some of whom are teachers.
2. 在非限定性定语从句中,as和which 可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。as一般放在句首,which在句中。 • As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. • Smoking is harmful to one’s health, which is known to all.
• July is the month when the weather is usually the hottest. • Tell me the time when he was killed. • Please let me know of the day when you will arrive in Beijing.
• • • •
当先行词在定语从句中的成分是原因 状语的时候,连接词就是why why, 状语的时候,连接词就是why,而且先 行词通常是reason reason。 行词通常是reason。 That is one of the reasons why I hate you. The reason why he changed his mind is not clear. Do you see any reason why he refused to help? I want to know the reason why he left so early.
《定语从句》 讲义

《定语从句》讲义一、定语从句的定义和作用定语从句是一种在英语中非常常见且重要的语法结构。
它在句子中充当定语,用来修饰一个名词或代词,使其含义更加明确和丰富。
简单来说,定语从句就是一个句子,放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,起到描述和限定的作用。
通过定语从句,我们能够更详细、更准确地表达我们想要表达的意思。
比如,“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”(我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
)在这个句子中,“that I bought yesterday”就是一个定语从句,用来修饰先行词“the book”,让我们清楚知道是哪一本书有趣。
二、定语从句的构成定语从句通常由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。
常见的关系代词有:that、which、who、whom、whose。
常见的关系副词有:when、where、why。
关系词在定语从句中不仅起到引导的作用,还在从句中充当一定的成分。
例如,在“The man who is standing there is my teacher”这个句子中,“who”是关系代词,在从句“who is standing there”中作主语。
三、关系代词的用法1、 that 和 whichthat 和 which 都可以用来指代物,但在一些情况下,只能用 that 不能用 which。
当先行词是不定代词(如 all、anything、nothing 等)、先行词被最高级、序数词修饰、先行词既有人又有物时,通常用 that 而不用 which。
例如:All that glitters is not gold(发光的未必都是金子。
)This is the first book that I have read(这是我读过的第一本书。
)The man and the horse that fell into the river were drowned(掉进河里的人和马都淹死了。
北京四中高三英语G3YY12~6

北京四中科目:英语年级:高三期数:1205撰稿: 吴世坤编审:李俊和录入: 申容责编: 吴世坤Units 1—2复习指导【语法小结】高中英语第三册,没有出现新的语法项目,主要复习我们以前学过的语法内容,而且对扩大我们的词汇量,培养我们的阅读能力非常有好处,希望同学们用好这本书,对我们参加高考一定大有帮助。
第一单元的重点语法项目是复习与定语从句有关的内容。
定语从句是高考的语法重点,也是同学们在英语学习中常常遇到的难题。
定语从句一般由关系代词或关系副词引导。
关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that, as。
关系副词有when, where, why。
关系代词和关系副词必须位于主句中的先行词之后、从句之前,起着连接先行词和从句的作用。
绝大多数情况下,它又充当从句的句子成分。
第二单元复习的语法项目是doing形式在句中作主语、表语、宾语的用法。
doing 形式包括动名词和现在分词,一般式主动语态是doing,一般式被动语态是being done,完成式主动语态是having done,完成式被动语态是having been done。
doing形式一般表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作无先后关系或不强调先后关系,完成式则有先后关系或强调先后关系。
doing被动式表示的动词与其逻辑主语有被动关系。
【重点难点解析】1.devote vt. 把,,献给;将,,用在He devoted his fife to the cause of teaching.他把一生都献给了教育事业。
注意:由devote构成的短语:1)devote sth. to,,把,,献给,,其中“to”为介词,后跟名词、代词-ing 形式。
注意,devote 后不跟不定式。
如:He devoted much time to music.他将很多时间用在音乐上。
He devoted all his life to searching for gold.他将一生都用在了找金子上。
11.06.09定语从句+(一)(1)

关系代词who, whom, which, that是用来 引起定语从句的连接词。
这些连接词的先行词在从句中担任一 个成分, 如主语,宾语或表语。 比如: • Those students who study in this school are good at football. • There are still much homework which we must finish.
that代表事物, 也可以代表人, 当先行词 在从句中作主语,宾语或者表语时都可 以用that连接。 • He did a lot of work that was very good to us. • They live in a house that was built in 1600. • Do you have anything that you don’t need?
• This is the very book that I’m interested in . • The only thing that we could do was to wait . • You can take any seat that is free . 3、以which开头的疑问句中。 • Which is the car that killed the old lady ?
2、看先行词被什么修饰。当先行词被序 数词或形容词最高级修饰时;当先行 词被all , any , every , no , only , very , last , next , one of等词所修饰时。 • The first lesson that they learn is the most difficult of all. • This is the most interesting book that I’ve ever read.
四步掌握初中英语定语从句:教案详解

四步掌握初中英语定语从句:教案详解一、教学目标:1. 了解什么是定语从句,它的构成和作用。
2. 能正确的识别、使用定语从句。
3. 能运用所学知识,写出简单的带有定语从句的英语文章。
二、教学重点:1. 了解定语从句、掌握其中的基本语法结构。
2. 学会如何去理解、分析句子,辨别定语从句的引导词和先行词。
三、教学方法:1. 演讲、讨论。
2. 教师讲授并举例。
3. 课堂训练和课后习题练习。
四、教学内容:一、定语从句的定义定语从句是英文句子中的一种从句,在句中修饰名词或代词。
它用在被修饰的名词或代词前面,用来进一步说明它,使整个句子的意思更加明确明了。
二、定语从句的引导词定语从句的引导词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as。
1. That定语从句中最常用的引导词是that,其用法如下:That可以引导人和物两个方面的定语从句,“that”既可以作主语,也可以作宾语,这取决于先行词的性质。
例如:The book that is on the desk is mine.The man that he met yesterday was a famous musician.2. WhichWhich一般指事物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
例如:The car which has four doors is my father’s.The way in which he told the story was very interesting.3. WhoWho主要指人,在从句中常作主语或宾语。
例如:The girl who is singing is my classmate.The teacher who we like best is Miss Li.4. WhomWhom也是指人,在从句中只能作宾语。
例如:The boy whom you met yesterday is my brother.The student whom the teacher pointed to is Lily.5. WhoseWhose是指定语从句中的先行词所属关系,为形容词性的。
定语从句教案6页word文档

定语从句定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
定语从句定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
例:指出下面句子的先行词、关系词This is the house that I bought two years ago.关系词引导定语从句的关系词关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
关系代词部分:who指人在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 在踢足球的男孩们是一班的.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 昨天,我帮助了一个迷路的老人.whom指人在定语从句中充当宾语,常省略。
(注:who和whom已无太大区别,基本可以通用。
区别是who可以做主语而whom不可以,whom前可以加介词如to whom,但是who不可以)(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked with on the bus.(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy(whom)I want to see.(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.whose通常指人也可指物在定语从句中做定语,表所有。
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时通常以以下结构来代替(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?which指物在定语从句中做主语,表语,定语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
定语从句公开课教案

定语从句公开课教案一、教学目标:1. 让学生理解定语从句的定义和作用。
2. 让学生掌握定语从句的引导词及其用法。
3. 让学生能够正确运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
4. 培养学生运用定语从句进行口语表达和写作的能力。
二、教学内容:1. 定语从句的定义和作用2. 定语从句的引导词:who, which, that, where, when, why3. 定语从句的先行词:名词、代词、介词短语4. 定语从句的省略现象5. 定语从句的注意事项三、教学方法:1. 讲授法:讲解定语从句的定义、引导词及用法。
2. 案例分析法:分析典型例句,让学生理解并掌握定语从句的运用。
3. 互动教学法:提问、讨论,激发学生的思考和兴趣。
4. 练习法:布置课后作业,巩固所学知识。
四、教学步骤:1. 引入定语从句的概念,让学生思考定语从句的作用。
2. 讲解定语从句的引导词及其用法。
3. 通过案例分析,让学生理解定语从句的先行词。
4. 讲解定语从句的省略现象,引导学生注意。
5. 总结定语从句的注意事项,提醒学生注意。
五、课后作业:1. 请用定语从句修饰下列名词或代词:a. 我的朋友b. 昨天的事件c. 那个地方d. 这本书e. 健康的饮食2. 请分析下列句子中定语从句的使用是否正确,并说明原因:a. 我看到一个昨天和我说话的人。
b. 她在一家大公司工作,这家公司是世界上最大的公司之一。
c. 我知道那个问题你无法回答,因为它非常困难。
d. 他在哪里吃饭我不知道,但是他应该快回来了。
e. 我喜欢看那些有趣的电影,它们总能让我开心。
六、教学评估:1. 课后收集学生的作业,检查对定语从句的理解和运用情况。
2. 在下一节课开始时,让学生进行定语从句的口语练习,评估他们的口语表达能力。
3. 定期进行定语从句的测试,了解学生对知识的掌握程度。
七、教学拓展:1. 引导学生运用定语从句修饰抽象名词,如概念、品质等。
2. 让学生尝试在写作中运用定语从句,提高写作表达能力。
北京四中高考英语专题9+定语从句(学生版)

这是我读过
(4) 当先行词同时包括人和物时,只能用 that 。如:
【典例】
China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
A. who
B. whom
C. that
A. which whom
B. its
C. whose
D.
【答案】 C
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词 the World Food Programme 在非限制性定语 从句中作定语,修饰名词 purposes ,所以用关系代词 whose引导,故选 C项。句
意: 1963 年,联合国成立了世界粮食计划署,其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的 饥荒。
定语从句是高考的热点,对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容: 性定语从句的关系词; 2. 引导非限制性
1. 引导限制
定语从句的关系词; 3. 限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别; 4. 介词 +关系代词的用 法; 5. 不定代词 / 数词 +of which/whom 引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列 句的判断; 6. 关系词之间的异同现象及选用。
you was worth $10. 语
The picture which was 宾
about the accident was 语
terrible.
as 人, 主 He is such a person as
as 做宾语一般不省略
物 语 is respected by all of 宾 us. 语 This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
北京市高中英语语法学案 定语从句基本规则 缺答案

语法精讲-定语从句北京四中孙玲定语从句基本规则1.做题原则: 1.找_______2.看_______在______中做什么成分。
2.介词后不能用that 指物,而应用______;不能用who 指人,而应用_____.3. ______不用于非限制性定语从句。
4. 关系代词如果指代的是整个主句,应用_________5. 关系代词+介词=_________I. 定语从句关联词•1. 关系代词________________________________________(六个)•作用:1)把主句和从句连接起来;•2)在从句中代替它前面的先行词;•3)在从句中充当句子成分。
i. that 和which•1. 在定语从句中必须用that的情况•1)当先行词是不定代词much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one时•你还有什么为自己辩解的吗?•Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself? •2) 当先行词前面被the only, the very, any, few, little, no,all等词修饰时,如1. Because of my poor memory, all ___ you told me has been forgotten.•A. that B. which C. what D. as•2. This is the very letter ____ came last night.•A. who B. which C. that D. as•3) 当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词前面有形容词最高级修饰时,如•This is the best that has been used against pollution. •4). 当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时,如:•The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.•5). 当先行词既有人又有物时•Do you know the persons and things that they are talking about?•6) 当主句的主语是which 或who时•Which is the bike that you lost?•7). 有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词宜用which, 另外一个宜用that, 如They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.•8) 当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词在从句中也做表语时,•Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be.•2. 在定语从句中•必须用which的情况•1). 在非限定性定语从句中,只用which, 不用that •Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________, of course , made the others unhappy.•A. who B. which C. this D. what•2). 当动词短语中的介词提前时,只用which, 不用that •The invention ______ she spent 2 years will do good to the world.•A. which B. that C. on which D. when边讲边练•1. Is there anything ____ you don’t understand about the problem?•2. He was late for the opening ceremony, ____ was very surprising to me.3. 关系代词who/whom/whose•1). 在定语从句中作主语用_____, ____ 省略•2). 在定语从句中作宾语用_____, ____ 省略•3). 在定语从句中作定语用_____, ____ 省略•表示某人的whose = of whom 表示某物的whose = of which•This is the house whose window broke last night.•= This is the house, the window of which broke last night.。
第19讲北京四中状语从句经典精讲(下)讲义 (1)

第19讲状语从句经典精讲(下)主讲教师:林斌北京八十中学英语特级教师开篇语金题精讲考点:引导让步主语从句应注意的几个问题1. 由although / though,even if / though引导。
注意although / though 引导从句时,主句不能用but,但可用yet或still。
2. 由whether …or (not) 引导。
3. 由though或as引导的倒装句中。
4. though用作副词,可位于句末,并用逗号分开。
题一:——Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.——Good, and _______ you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.A. wheneverB. whetherC. whateverD. no matter考点:before用法注意before在下列句型中的使用It will be + 一段时间+ before + 从句It won’t be long before + 从句before一词在不同的句型中就有不同的意思,如:“在……之前”、“过了……才”、“没……就”、“不知不觉就……”等。
题二:It will be a long time _____ Mr. Black ______ back abroad.A. before; comesB. since; has comeC. before; will comeD. after; will come考点:where引导的定语从句与where引导的地点状语从句的区别题三:—I have learned that a large new building will be set up ______ the Twin Towers once stood. —So have I. But the American people haven’t yet got over the shock of September.A. whereB. whenC. whichD. that考点:so that 可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句题四:Roses need special care ________ they can live through winter.A. becauseB. so thatC. even ifD. as考点:状语从句的省略用法1. 当when,while,if,unless引导状语从句时,如果主从句的主语一致,且谓语部分由be 动词构成(或者从句中有it is…)时,可省略主语和be动词(或省略it is)。
北京四中高考英语专题9+定语从句(学生版)

定语从句定语从句是高中英语三大类从句中最难的一类,其难点主要在于很多学生在学习时分不清先行词,不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。
因此在学习定语从句时,务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。
2018年高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查。
对定语从句的考查仍将不会单纯考查其语法结构,而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。
定语从句是高考的热点,对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容:1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词;2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词;3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别;4.介词+关系代词的用法;5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断;6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。
考点1:关系代词一览表【典例】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. itsC. whoseD. whom【答案】C【解析】考查定语从句。
先行词the World Food Programme在非限制性定语从句中作定语,修饰名词purposes,所以用关系代词whose引导,故选C项。
句意:1963年,联合国成立了世界粮食计划署,其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。
【典例】China Today attracts a worldwide readership,_______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. which【答案】D【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。
根据句式结构来看出现了逗号,说明这是一个非限制性定语从句。
定语从句知识点归纳讲解(教学设计)

- 自主学习:鼓励学生在课后自主阅读推荐的英语文章,并尝试运用所学的定语从句知识进行理解和分析。
- 疑问解答:学生在阅读或观看视频过程中遇到不懂的问题,可以随时向我提问,我会提供必要的指导和帮助。
- 实践应用:学生可以尝试在日常生活中使用所学的定语从句知识,如在写作、口语表达或日常交流中运用定语从句,提高实际应用能力。
定语从句知识点归纳讲解(教学设计)
课题:
科Байду номын сангаас:
班级:
课时:计划1课时
教师:
单位:
一、课程基本信息
1.课程名称:定语从句知识点归纳讲解
2.教学年级和班级:八年级一班
3.授课时间:2022年10月15日
4.教学时数:1课时(45分钟)
二、核心素养目标
1. 语言能力:通过讲解和练习,使学生能够正确使用定语从句,提高学生的英语表达能力。
八、课后拓展
1. 拓展内容:
- 推荐阅读材料:提供一些与定语从句相关的英语文章,如关于定语从句的说明文、小说或新闻报道等,让学生通过阅读进一步提高对定语从句的理解和应用能力。
- 视频资源:推荐一些英语教学视频,如YouTube上的定语从句教学视频,让学生通过视觉和听觉的方式进一步巩固定语从句的知识点。
5. 定语从句的先行词:确定先行词与从句之间的关系
6. 定语从句的嵌套结构
②词和句:
1. 关系词:who、whom、which、that等
2. 定语从句的例句:展示一些典型的定语从句例句,如"The book that you gave me is very interesting."
3. 定语从句的练习题:提供一些定语从句的练习题,让学生在课堂上进行练习和讨论
北京四中中考英语语法知识难点大全

北京四中中考英语语法知识难点大全英语语法知识难点(一)编稿:李俊和审稿:李俊和责编: 张晓俊(一)形容词和副词I.要点A.形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。
如:He is honest and hardworking.阿I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。
如:The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。
如:the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.2、形容词比较等级的形式(1)规则形式一般说来,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; --est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most.如:great-greater-greatestbusy-busier-busiestimportant-more important-(the)most important(2)不规则形式good (well)-better-bestbad (ill)-worse-worstmany (much)-more-mostlittle-less-least(3)形容词比较等级的用法①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:He is cleverer than the other boys.This one is more beautiful than that one.②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"如:He is the cleverest boy in his class.③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:He is as tall as I.I have as many books as you.④越… 越…例如:The more I learn, the happier I am.⑤You can never be too careful. 越小心越好又如:You can never praise the teacher too highly.你怎么赞扬这个老师也不过分。
定语从句 北 京 四 中

北京四中【语法一点通】定语从句定语从句在句中做定语,由关系代词或关系副词引出。
关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
被修饰的名词、词组或代词叫做先行词。
定语从句通常放在先行词之后,引导定语从句的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
引导定语从句的关系副词有:when, where, why等。
(一)关系代词引导的定语从句:关系代词所代替的先行词是指人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1. 关系代词who, whom, that引导的定语从句这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。
eg. Is he the man who/ that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2. 关系代词whose引导的定语从句whose用来指人或物,只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换。
eg. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那个人的车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose cover is green./ Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3. 关系代词which, that引导的定语从句关系代词which, that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
eg. A prosperity which/that had never been before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
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定语从句北京四中北京四中【语法一点通】定语从句定语从句在句中做定语,由关系代词或关系副词引出。
关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起联系作用,同时又在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。
被修饰的名词、词组或代词叫做先行词。
定语从句通常放在先行词之后,引导定语从句的关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which 等。
引导定语从句的关系副词有: whe n, where, why 等。
(一)关系代词引导的定语从句:关系代词所代替的先行词是指人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1. 关系代词who, whom, that 引导的定语从句这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语。
eg. Is he the man who/ that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2. 关系代词whose引导的定语从句whose用来指人或物,只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which 互换。
eg. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broke n dow n.那个人的车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose cover is gree n./ Please pass me the book the cover of which isgree n.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3. 关系代词which, that 引导的定语从句关系代词which, that 所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
eg. A prosperity which/that had n ever bee n before appears in the cou ntryside.农村岀现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which/that 在句中作主语)The package (which/that )you are carrying is blue.你拿的包是蓝色的。
(which/that 在句中作宾语)注意:口语中,作动词宾语或介词宾语(这时介词不可在关系代词前)的关系代词常可省略。
eg. Have you found the book (that )you want?你找到你想要的书了吗?(that可以省略)This is the man (whom)we have talked about.这就是我们谈论的那个人。
(whom可以省略)但要注意This is the man about whom we talked. 中的whom不可省略。
(二)关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where, why 的含义相当于"介词+ which ”结构,因此常常和"介词+ which ”结构交替使用eg. Beiji ng is the place where/in which I was bor n. 北京是我的岀生地。
Is this the reas on why/for which he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?(三)关系代词与关系副词的辨析方法一:用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
及物动词后面无宾语,就必须用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。
eg. This is the mou ntain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。
r II n ever forget the days whe n I worked together with you. 我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。
判断改错:[误]This is the mountain village where I visited last year.这就是去年我参观过的山村。
[误]l will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的那些日子。
[正]This is the mountain village (which)I visited last year.[正]I'll never forget the days (which)I spent in the countryside.习惯上总是表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, which 联系在一起,此两题就错在关系词的误用上。
关系代词代替village 等在定语从句中作宾语,用that也可以。
where 一般用作状语,在这里visit 和spentd是及物动词,所以这里不用where。
方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择岀关系代词或关系副 ?词。
例 1 : Is this museum _______ you visited a few days ago?A. whereB. whe nC. on whichD. the one例2: Is this the museum ________the exhibition was held?A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one答案:1. D 2. A分析:例1变为肯定句为:This museum is _______ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为肯定句为:This is the museum ________ t he exhibiti on was held.在句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, whe n, on which 都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D o而句2中,主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的定语,而要填的关系副词是从句的状语,表地点,既可用副词where,又因in the museum 词组,也可用介词in + which作为地点状语。
而选项C中,介词on用得不对,所以选A o关系词的选择依据在于它在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who, whose, whom, that, which );先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词(where地点状语,when时间状语,why原因状语)。
(四)介词+关系词的情况1. 介词后面的关系词不能省略。
2. that, who 前不能有介词。
3. 某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when和where互换。
eg. This is the house in which I lived two years ago. (= This is the house where I lived twoyears ago.)这是我两年前住过的房子。
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? (= Do you remember the day whe n youjoi ned our club? )还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗?(五)学习定语从句应注意的几个问题1. 关系代词只使用that ,不使用which的情况:①先行词是指物的不定代词,如all, much, little, everything, nothing 等时:That's all that I have seen and heard. 那就是我的全部见闻。
②指物的先行词被不定代词all, few, little, much, very, some, no 等修饰,或被the only, the very, the same, the last 等限定词修饰时:This is the very dictio nary that is of great help. 那正是那本极有用的字典。
③先行词既指人又指物时:My father and his teacher talked a lot about the things and pers ons that they could remember.我父亲和他的老师谈了很多他们记得的人和事。
④关系代词在定语从句中充当表语时:Our school is not the one that is used to be. 我们学校不再是从前的那所学校。
⑤指物的先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰:This is the best En glish film that I have ever see n. 这是我曾看到过的最好的英语电影。
⑥主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句,而中心语是指人或物时:Who is the girl that is sta ndi ng un der the tree? 树下站的女孩是谁?Which is the mach ine that we used last Sun day? 我们上个礼拜天用的那台机器呢?2. 关系代词不宜用that 的情况:① 关系代词前有介词时:This is the room in which Lu Xun lived. 这是鲁迅住过的房间。
② 非限制性定语从句中:He has a daughter, who works in a hospital. 他有一个女儿,她在医院工作。
③ 先行词本身就是that :The cook is that which tells the time.钟表是告知时间的。
Tom is one of the boys who are from the Tom is the only boy that is from the4. 定语从句中动词时态问题:定语从句可根据表达需要选用相应时态。
Where is the stude nt whom I met just now? Where is the stude nt whom I will visit soon?Where is the stude nt who is on duty today?语法练习:一、选择题致。