宾语从句讲解解析
宾语从句用法讲解与例句
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宾语从句ppt讲解
Where he lives
What language she speaks
Why you like pandas
Is the way
he comes Do you know where _____ from?(he,come) Can you tell me which_________to the park? ( be way)
is
I was told (that)
is
no news good news.
My parents told me (that)
is
Ⅰ.Find out the mistakes and correct them. 1 Could you tell me where do they live? 2 She knew that Danny is a student. 3 He told me that winter was colder than autumn. 4 Do you know who car it is?
当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导。如:
I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. I don’t know if to accept or refuse.
whether可以引导带to的不定式。如:
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. I worry about if I hurt her feelings.
找错误
was
is
whose
七.本课小结
宾语从句三要素
宾语从句讲解
宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
它是众多从句中的一员,在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。
在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语,如:I know the man.而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如:I know that the man is a policeman.主句引导词从句宾语从句三大块: 1. 引导宾语从句的连词和代词选择; 2. 宾语从句的语序; 3. 宾语从句的时态。
Ⅰ.宾语从句的引导词1.陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
如:My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed.2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。
如:(1) Is Jim a good student? I don’t knowI don’t know if /whether Jim is a good student.(2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know?Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early?注意:只能用whether不用if 的三种情况•一般情况下,if 和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:•①与or not连用:He asked me whether or not I was coming. Let me know whether you can come or not.•②在介词之后:It depends on whether it is going to rain. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings•③在不定式之前:We haven’t decided whether to go there. I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的疑问词引导。
宾语从句讲解
宾语从句一、宾语:动作的承受者,一般置于及物动词之后(动宾结构);或不及物动词之后(介宾结构)比如:I know you.二、宾语从句定义:在复合句中,由一个句子充当宾语,这个句子叫做宾语从句。
由“引导词+主语+谓语...”构成,引导词在从句中作主语除外。
I know that you are a good student.三、宾语从句结构:主+谓+引导词+句子。
宾语从句考点:(1)引导词(2)语序(3)时态一、宾语从句的引导词1.由从属连词that 引导的宾语从句(陈述句)that 在句中无词汇意义,在从句中不能充当成分,只在宾语从句中起连接作用,在口语当中往往省略。
常放在think,hope,know,say,believe,suggest,be sure 等之后。
I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.I think (that) he is the best actor in America.2.由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时,常用if / whether 引导宾语从句,表示“是否”常放在ask,wonder,be not sure等之后。
I want to know if/whether she is right .Mary asked me if/whether I needed any help .【注意】只用whether,不用if 的情况:(1)宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether;Whether this is true or not, I really don't know.(2)在介词后时,只能用whether;His father is worried about whether he gets on well with his classmates.(3)与or或者or not连用时,只能用whether;I wonder whether or not the news is true.(4)后接动词不定式时,用whether;I can't decide whether to stay.口诀:前有介词狼,后有to do虎,句末or not, 只能用whether.牛刀小试:用whether 或if 填空①I wonder ______________ he will come to my party tomorrow.②I asked _______________ he had been there or not.③I am curious about _________or not she is the winner.④His father is worried about ____________he lost his job.⑤__________ he will come is still unknown.⑥I am not sure _________ to go out tonight.参考答案:①if/whether ②whether ③whether ④whether ⑤whether ⑥whether3.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词where, how, why, when 引导的宾语从句,不可省略。
宾语从句讲解
宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句.时态:1.主句用一般现在时,从句可用任意时态。
2.主句用过去时,从句用过去某个时态。
3.主句用过去时,从句是真理时,只用一般现在时。
一、宾语从句的连接词从属连词连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.He told me that he would go to the college the next year他告诉我他明年上大学.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否还会有公交车.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.没人知道他是否会通过考试.连接代词连接代词主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.Do you know who has won Red Alert game?我不知道你该依靠谁.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?你决定好是买诺基亚还是摩托罗拉的电话了吗?连接副词连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到.二、动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告诉我们在整个工作中,他都会帮忙的.部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?你能计算出这次旅行我们将花费多少钱吗?动词短语也可以带宾语从句常见的这些词有:make sure确保ma ke up one’s mind下决心keep in mind牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我没去聚会,感觉非常遗憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天写日记成了习惯.We all find it important that we (should) make a quick decision about this mater.我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it这类动词主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他会认为我们的计划确实可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我们认为你会同意我们的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.开启发动机时, 一定要使汽车的离合器处于空挡位置.③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我们都认为你所说的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的.三、介词的宾语从句用wh-类的介词宾语从句We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.这本新书是关于神州6号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.用that,if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.四、形容词的宾语从句常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprisedI am sure I will pass the exam.我确信我会通过考试.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.五、if,whether在宾语从句中的区别①if和whether在作“是否”解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if②少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④在不定式前只能用whether.(如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。
宾语从句详细讲解(整理)
宾语从句讲解在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句有“四看”:一看连接词;引导宾语从句的连接词有三类:连接词原句句式that(无词义,在口语中常可省略)陈述句(原句是陈述句)if,whether(是否,不可省略)一般疑问句(原句是一般疑问句)who,whom,which,what,when,where,why,how特殊疑问句(原句是特殊疑问句)连接代词(who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever)在句中有词义,并且充当从句中的主语、宾语、表语、定语。
连接副词(where,when,how,why)在句中有词义,并且充当从句的状语。
例句:I don’t know if /whether you can help me.我不知道你是否能够帮我。
I don’t know whether or not they will come.=I don’t know whether they will come or not. 我不知道他们来不来。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about.(w hat在从句中作宾语)我想知道他正在写什么给我们。
We never know what he is.(what在从句中作表语)我们从不知道他是做什么的。
He can’t decide which sweater he should buy.(which在从句中作定语)他不确定他该买哪件衣服。
I will tell you why I asked you to come.(why在从句中作原因状语)我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
Could you tell me where Tom has gone?(where在从句中作地点状语)你能告诉我汤姆去哪里了吗?I want to know when you can finish the work.(when在从句中作时间状语)我想知道你什么时候能够完成这项工作。
初中宾语从句专项讲解以及练习题(附答案及解析)
宾语从句知识全解1. 宾语从句的理解常见的宾语有两种情况,一是名词或代词,二是介词+名词或代词(介宾)如:I miss you/my friend (其中you/my friend 就是代词/名词)He is looking at me/my face (其中at me/my face 介词+名词或代词) 结论:一般情况下,宾语都是一个词/介词+一个词 在观察以下句子 I don ’t know you (原来是一个词当宾语)I don ’t know if you are right (现在是一个句子)结论:将宾语变为一句话的句子就是宾语从句2. 宾语从句的判断思考:英语句子有很多!怎么判断哪些是宾语从句呢?技巧:常见的宾语从句情况有两种结论:记住两种情况一是动词+句子,二是介词+句子,两种即为宾语从句3. 宾语从句的引导词的理解思考:宾语从句为什么需要引导词?不用引导词不是更加简单?语言的作用是用简洁清晰表达想表达的,为什么要加引导词增加复杂程度?我们对比以下两个句子,找一下答案:I don ’t know he is a student.(先不考虑可以省略的情况)(对于一个句子只有一个动词的原则,这里出现了两个动词,一个句子不可能出现两个动词,而又没有连接词,容易让读者产生误会,认为这句话有语法错误。
)I don ’t know that he is a student.(整个句子虽然有两个动词,但是因为第二个句子开头有一个引导词“that ”(其作用相当于连接词)连接,符合一个句子一个动词原则即,句子+连接词+句子)结论:引导词有代替连接词的作用,可以帮助读者理解句子的结构动词+句子I don ’t know if you are right. 介词+句子 We are talking about if it will rain tomorrow. 宾语从句1.判断以下句子哪个是宾语从句()A.Teacher told that the sun is bigger than the moon to us.B.I have hated him since I was five.C. The children go to school by car every day.D.I met the man who is my friend’s uncle yesterday at school.解析:根据一是动词+句子,二是介词+句子的两种情况,只有A选项符合以上的情况。
超清晰版初中宾语从句讲解(明了,易懂)
中考题型考向:单项选择、完成句子和写作中考三大考点:连接词语序时态考点一:连接词知识梳理(1)当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,其中的that无具体意义,一般可以省略。
如:I hear (that) she's going to give me a call. 我听说她会打电话给我。
Li Tao thought (that) the TV play was interesting. 李涛认为这个电视节目很有趣。
(2)当宾语从句由一般疑问句或选择疑问句变化而来时,可用if 或whether 来引导从句,意为"是否"。
如:David asked her if/whether she slept well last night. 大卫问她昨晚睡得好不好。
[注意]一般情况下,if和whether可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:①在不定式前:I haven’t decided whether to go there ..我还没决定好去不去那里。
②在介词前:It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.这取决于天气下不下雨。
③与or not连用:They are talking about whether to go there or not.他们在谈论是去那儿还是不去。
(3)当宾语从句由特殊疑问句变化而来时,用连接代词who/whose/what/which 或连接副词when/where /why/how 来引导,这些连接词不仅做了句子的成分,还有各自的意思。
如:Do you know where we can stay on the island?你知道我们可以在岛上的什么地方停留。
I don't know why Jane was late for school this morning.我不知道今早Jane迟到的原因。
宾语从句知识点讲解总结
宾语从句知识点讲解总结宾语从句的结构:宾语从句一般由连接词引导,连接词可以是关系代词、关系副词或从属连词。
例如:I know (that) she is coming. (我知道她要来了)- 这里的 that 就是一个引导宾语从句的从属连词。
I heard what you said.(我听到你说的话)- 这里的 what 就是一个引导宾语从句的关系代词。
I don't know when he will come.(我不知道他什么时候会来)- 这里的 when 就是一个引导宾语从句的关系副词。
宾语从句的使用:1. 宾语从句可以出现在主句的动词后面,作动词的宾语。
例如:I know (that) she is coming.(我知道她要来了)。
2. 宾语从句也可以出现在主句的介词后面,作介词的宾语。
例如:I am interested in what you said.(我对你说的话感兴趣)。
3. 宾语从句还可以出现在主句的及物动词之后,作宾语。
例如:I heard what you said.(我听到你说的话)。
下面我们将从名词从句和主语从句两个方面对宾语从句进行详细的讲解。
一、名词从句名词从句主要由 that, whether, what, whatever, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how 等词引导。
名词从句作宾语时可以放在及物动词或者介词之后。
名词从句作宾语时,要根据引导词后面的动词的性质来选择合适的连接词。
以下是一些常用的连接词以及它们的用法。
1. thatthat 通常用作连接词,引导宾语从句,连接宾语从句与主句之间。
但在口语和非正式文体中,往往可以省略,但在正式的书面语中不可以省略。
例如:I don't know if he is coming.(我不知道他是否会来。
)I am sure that she is telling the truth.(我确信她在说实话。
语法讲解宾语从句
语法讲解宾语从句一、概念:作宾语,此句就叫宾语从句(至少要有语和语)即:词+宾语从句;词+宾语从句;be glad/sure/certain +宾语从句二、宾语从句的三要素:中常省去。
2.连接词,意为“是否”。
在句中不作成分,但不能省去。
3. 代词或副词作引导词。
在句中作一定的成分,不可省去。
▲陈述句改作宾语从句时,用作引导词一般疑问句改作宾语从句时,用或作引导词特殊疑问句改作宾语从句时,用作引导词(二)语序:语序(即: 语+ 语+…)判断以下句子的语序:What is wrong with youWhat is over there?What is in your hand?Who is waiting for you?What happened to you?以上特殊疑问句本身就是语序,所以将上列特殊疑问句改作宾语从句时,其语序 (变或不变?)(三)时态:根据句的时态确定1.主句为现在时,宾语从句的时态2.主句为过去时,宾语从句的时态一般情况下,用相对应的时态,即可用以下四种时态之一:(1)(2)(3)(4)但宾语从句表示时,总用时态e.g. He told us that light travels faster than sound.(真理)He said that Yao Ming is much taller than him.(事实)另外,主句为 Could you tell me ...表示语气的更加,而不表示时,其后的宾语从句中的时态根据来确定。
三、注意点1.避免重复出现引导词;e.g. *I can’t see that what is over there.2.if和whether的使用只用whether的四种情况:(1)I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing.(2)I don’t know whether or not they will come to help us.(3)We discussed whether we would have a sports meeting next week.(4)Whether this is true or not,I can’t say3.宾语从句中的否认转移主句是+等时,从句中的否认习惯上要转移到句中。
宾语从句的讲解
宾语从句的讲解宾语从句是句子中充当宾语的从句。
在英语中,宾语从句通常由连接词引导,例如,that、whether、if、why、when、where、how等。
宾语从句可以完整地表达一个意思,它在句子中是作为一个整体出现,并且是依附于主句的谓语动词或介词而存在。
宾语从句可以出现在复合句中的几个位置,主要有以下三种情况:1. 宾语从句作为主句的宾语此时,主句的谓语动词直接跟在宾语从句后面,形成一个完整的谓语动词。
例如:- She said that she was tired.(她说她很累。
)- He asked if she could help him.(他问她是否可以帮助他。
)2. 宾语从句作为动词的宾语补足语此时,主句的谓语动词需要一个宾语和补足语的结构,而宾语从句则充当补足语的角色。
常见的动词包括think、believe、consider、know、understand等。
例如:- I believe that he is telling the truth.(我相信他在说真话。
)- She didn't know where to go.(她不知道该去哪里。
)3. 宾语从句作为介词的宾语当主句中的介词后面需要一个完整的从句来充当宾语时,宾语从句可以充当这个角色。
例如:- He is worried about whether he will pass the exam.(他担心他是否能通过考试。
)- She is always curious about what people think of her.(她总是好奇人们怎么看待她。
)在宾语从句中,连接词的选择是需要注意的关键。
常见的连接词包括:- that:用于引导宾语从句,一般可以省略,特别是在口语中。
- whether/if:都可以引导宾语从句,表示"是否"的意思。
但是在非正式口语中,一般更倾向于使用if。
宾语从句讲解-初一宾语从句讲解
五.人称 (一主,二宾,三不变。)
I will go to Shanghai. She says.
She says that she will go to Shanghai.
Mom asked me. Are you happy? Mom asked me if I was happy.
The teacher asked. When will Xiaolei come back? The teacher asked when Xiaolei would come back.
They decided that they would visit Xiamen. They decided to visit Xiamen.
He agrees that he can help John with Chinese. He agrees to help John with Chinese.
4.带how的词组how many, how much, how soon, how long, how often 等也都可以引导宾语从句
❖Could you tell us how much the picture costs ?
❖Could you tell us how often you go to see your grandma ?
1. He won’t come here. I think.
I don’t think he will come here. I don’t think he will come here, will he?
2. I believe. He wasn’t a thief. I don’t believe he was a thief. I don’t believe he was a thief, was he?
宾语从句 宾语从句语法讲解
宾 语 从 句一. 宾语从句的定义:在复合句中,用来做动词宾语的句子叫宾语从句。
二.宾语从句的结构:主句+引导词+从句三.宾语从句的三要素:1. 当从句是陈述句时,引导词用that;2. 当从句是一般疑问句时,引导词用if 或whether (是否);一般情况,if / whether 可以换用,但以下3种情况只能用whether:a.与不定式连用;b.做介词宾语;c 与or not 连用3. 当从句是特殊疑问句时,引导词用原有的特殊疑问词;宾语从句的语序一定是陈述语序。
1. 当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可以用需要的任何时态;2. 当主句是一般过去时态时, 从句必须是对应的过去时态的一种;3. 当主句是一般过去时态时,但从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象,从句时态不受主句时态的限制,都用一般现在时态。
4. 当主句是Could/Would you tell me----时,看作一般现在时态,从句用需要的任何时态。
四.宾语从句与直接引语和间接引语的关系宾语从句实际就是由直接引语变化而来的间接引语。
所以,掌握好宾语从句必须熟悉直接引语变间接引语的规则。
直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语;直接引语通常用引号“ ” 括起来。
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来,叫间接引语。
间接引语在多数情况下就构成一个宾语从句。
直接引语变间接引语的规则变化:1. 引导词及语序(同上)a. My teacher said: “ He ’ll go to Beijing tomorrow ”.My teacher said_____________________________________________________________ b. The boy asked his mother ,“Can I go out to play football after supper?”The boy asked his mother _____________________________________________________ c. Lily asked Lucy,“When will you come back?”2.人称的变化(一随主;二随宾,第三人称不变化)She said, “ I like tennis.” -------------______________________________________________He said to Lily, “ You must get up early.”--------_____________________________________She said to me, “ They want to help him.”-------_____________________________________练习:1)She asked, “ Have you seen the film?”2)She asked us,“Where are you going to get off?”3)He asked, “Are you a doctor, John?”4)The radio says it ____________ cloudy tomorrow. (be)5)The headmaster hopes everything ______ well. (go)6)Tom says that they ________________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening.7)I hear they _____________ (return) it already.8) He said that they _____________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)9) Miss Wang told me that the earth __________(move) round the earth.10) Our teacher told us in class the sun ___________ in the east. (rise)4.直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时,把动词原形变成动词不定式,当祈使句是否定句时,不定式前加not。
初中宾语从句详细讲解与实例分析
初中宾语从句详细讲解与实例分析初中宾语从句属于复合句中的一种从属从句,用于作为主句的宾语,起到扩展句意,丰富句子结构的作用。
以下是对初中宾语从句的详细讲解与实例分析。
1. 宾语从句的定义宾语从句是一个句子,在复合句中充当主句的宾语。
它通常由连接词引导,连接词可以是连词(如that, whether)或疑问词(如who, what, when, where, why, how)等。
2. 宾语从句的结构宾语从句由连接词引导,连接词位于宾语从句的句首。
宾语从句的基本结构为:连接词 + 主语 + 谓语。
例如:- I know [that he is a student]. (我知道他是个学生。
)- Please tell me [what you want]. (请告诉我你想要什么。
)3. 宾语从句的使用宾语从句通常用于以下几种情况:- 表达个人感觉、想法、意愿等:I think [that she is beautiful]. (我认为她很漂亮。
)- 提问间接引导他人提供信息:Do you know [where the nearest supermarket is]? (你知道最近的超市在哪里吗?)4. 宾语从句的注意事项- 引导宾语从句的连接词的选择要根据宾语从句的具体情况。
使用连词that时,可以省略,但使用疑问词时则不能省略。
- 当宾语从句是一般现在时或一般过去时时,主句动词通常带有表示言语或思维的词,如think, believe, know等。
- 当宾语从句是一般将来时时,主句动词通常带有说话动词,如tell, say等。
5. 宾语从句的实例分析以下是一些宾语从句的实例分析:- She asked [what time the movie starts]. (她问电影什么时候开始。
)- They don't know [if it will rain tomorrow]. (他们不知道明天是否会下雨。
宾语从句讲解
一.宾语从句的定义置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。
谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。
有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
二.宾语从句中引导词的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词有:连词:that (that 常可省略),whether, if 。
代词:who, whose, what ,which 。
副词:when ,where, how, why 等。
(一)that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)可跟that从句做宾语的动词有:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事项:当主句谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect 等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。
例句:I don't think it is right for him to treat you like that.我认为像他这样对待你是不对的。
(I think it isn’t right for him to treat you like that.是错的)疑问句改陈述句语序:疑问词提前,句子其他成分按照陈述句语序排列(特殊情况:疑问词+to do sth =疑问词加陈述句)特例:what’s wrong with you?/what’s the trouble with you?/what’s up?/what’s going on?这些句子不需要改语序,即直接应用即可。
宾语从句详细讲解(整理)
宾语从句讲解在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
宾语从句有“四看”:一看连接词;引导宾语从句的连接词有三类:连接词原句句式that(无词义,在口语中常可省略)陈述句(原句是陈述句)if,whether(是否,不可省略)一般疑问句(原句是一般疑问句)who,whom,which,what,when,where,why,how特殊疑问句(原句是特殊疑问句)连接代词(who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever)在句中有词义,并且充当从句中的主语、宾语、表语、定语。
连接副词(where,when,how,why)在句中有词义,并且充当从句的状语。
例句:I don’t know if /whether you can help me.我不知道你是否能够帮我。
I don’t know whether or not they will come.=I don’t know whether they will come or not. 我不知道他们来不来。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about.(w hat在从句中作宾语)我想知道他正在写什么给我们。
We never know what he is.(what在从句中作表语)我们从不知道他是做什么的。
He can’t decide which sweater he should buy.(which在从句中作定语)他不确定他该买哪件衣服。
I will tell you why I asked you to come.(why在从句中作原因状语)我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
Could you tell me where Tom has gone?(where在从句中作地点状语)你能告诉我汤姆去哪里了吗?I want to know when you can finish the work.(when在从句中作时间状语)我想知道你什么时候能够完成这项工作。
英语语法讲解之宾语从句
英语宾语从句讲解宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语,或位于间接宾语之后。
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。
它在句中可以充当及物动词、介词或形容词的并与。
宾语从句的三大考点即:引导词、时态和语序。
一、宾语从句的引导词1.that 引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是陈述句时,用连接词that 引导,that 在口语、非正式文体中常被省略。
He says(that) he has been to Shanghai twice.他说他去过上海两次。
She said (that) she went to the park last week.她说她上周去公园了。
2. 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,特殊疑问词就是引导词。
特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句疑问词不可省略。
Could you please tell me where we will have a meeting?你能告诉我们将在哪儿开会吗?I wondered what I should do next.我想知道下一步该做什么。
3. if 或whether 引导的宾语从句(1)当宾语从句由一般疑问句变来时,要用if 或whether 引导,意为“是否”。
If 和whether只起到连接作用,不充当句子成分,一般情况下可互换,但if 常用于口语中,whether 常用于正式文体中。
I want to know if /whether he is waiting for me.我想知道他是否在等我。
Could you tell me if /whether you have been to Australia? 你能告诉我你是否去过澳大利亚吗?(2)下列情况下一般只能用whether:①与or not 连用时I don’t know whether he likes the movie or not. 我不知道他喜不喜欢这部电影。
宾语从句语法讲解
宾语从句是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它通常用来作为动词后的宾语,并且对句子的意义起到补充说明的作用。
宾语从句由连词引导,通常包括“that”(是否可以省略取决于具体情况)或疑问词(如who, what, when, where, why, how等)。
以下是宾语从句的几个重要特点和用法:1.引导词:宾语从句的引导词有“that”和疑问词,取决于宾语从句所陈述的具体内容。
2.语序:宾语从句的语序通常与主句一致,即陈述句宾语从句使用陈述语序,疑问句宾语从句使用疑问语序。
3.时态和语态:宾语从句的时态和语态通常取决于主句动词的时态和语态,用以表示正确的时态和语态关系。
4.省略:在宾语从句中,有时可以省略连词“that”,但必须根据具体语境来决定是否省略。
当考虑宾语从句时,需要注意以下几个方面:1.引导词的用法:宾语从句通常由连词“that”引导,但在口语或简洁的写作中,有时可以省略。
另外,疑问词也可以用来引导宾语从句,例如“who,” “what,”“where,” “when,” “why,” “how”等。
2.时态和语态的变化:宾语从句的动词时态和语态通常与主句的动词时态和语态有关。
这意味着如果主句是现在时,那么宾语从句通常也是现在时;如果主句是过去时,那么宾语从句通常是过去时。
同样,如果主句是陈述句,宾语从句也是陈述句;如果主句是疑问句,宾语从句也是疑问句。
3.语序:宾语从句的语序通常与主句保持一致,即遵循主谓宾结构。
然而,在间接引语中,语序可能会发生变化,例如陈述句宾语从句的语序变成了主语+谓语的顺序。
4.注意特殊情况:有时宾语从句可能会包含情态动词,这时需要注意情态动词与主句动词之间的逻辑关系,以确保宾语从句的意思符合语境。
在理解宾语从句时,需要考虑上述要点,确保从句和主句之间的逻辑关系和语法结构保持一致。
熟练掌握宾语从句的使用可以帮助您更准确地表达想法并构建更复杂的句子结构。
以下是几个宾语从句的示例:1.陈述句宾语从句:He believes that she is telling the truth.(他相信她在说真话。
“宾语从句”:考点讲解
宾语从句:考点讲解一. 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语。
根据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
That只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如:He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。
例如:Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I don’t know why th e train is late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如:I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.二. 宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例如:I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.I think (that) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.三. 宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。
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if & whether “是否”引导宾语从句 以下情况4种情况只用whether不用if
1. 与不定式 to do 连用,只用whether to do I don’t know whether to stay at home.
2. 作介词的宾语 The old man is worried about whether they can find out the thief.
宾语从句
1.定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 2.构成:主句+引导词+简单句
(主语+谓语) 3. 引导宾语从句的引导词有三类: (1) 从属连词that。如:
一、引导词 1. 当宾语从句是由陈述句变化而来,
由that引导,that在从句中不作任何成分,没 有具体含义,可以省略。
He is a clever boy. I think. I think (that) he is a clever boy.
I don’t remember. When did they arrive? I don’t remember when we arrived .
I asked him. How can I get so much money? I asked him how I could get so much money
Grammar
宾语从句
1. I know him . (简单句)
主语 谓语 宾语
2. I know who he is . (复合句)
主语 谓语 引导词 从句主语 从句谓语
主句Βιβλιοθήκη 宾语从句宾语可以放在及物动词,形容词sorry,
sure, afraid, glad 等,介词(worry about, think about, find out等)后
3. Whether引导的从句放在句首时
Whether we can arrive there on time, I am not sure.
4. whether ...or not 固定结构
I don’t know whether he likes the house or not.
I want to know whether we can go skating on Saturday or on Sunday.
二、时态
1. 如果主句是一般现在时,一般将来时, 祈使句时,从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
❖I know he lives here . ❖I know he lived here ten years ago . ❖I know that he will come tomorrow .
2.如果主句是过去时,从句的时态一定要用相 对应的过去的某种时态(包括一般过去时,过 去进行时,过去将来时)
3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时,由疑问代词代词 (what, who, whom, which, whose)或疑问副词 (when, where, how, why)引导,这些疑问词本 身在从句中做一定成分不可以省略,语序用陈述 语序。
What do you want to say? I can think. I can think what you want to say.
4.带how的词组how many, how much, how soon, how long, how often 等也都可以引导宾语从句
❖Could you tell us how much the picture costs ?
❖Could you tell us how often you go to see your grandma ?
Lily wanted to know. Does her grandma like the dog? Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the dog.
She asked me. Can the boy draw a horse? She asked me if /whether the boy could draw a horse.
❖I knew who lived here. ❖I saw she was talking with her mother. ❖He asked whether his father would come back
Do you know? The famous singer will come to Yantai. Do you know that the famous singer will come to Yantai?
2.当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由whether或if引导, 翻译成:“是否”,不能省略。语序为陈述语序。
❖Could you tell us how long the meeting will last ? ❖I don’t know how far it is to the cinema . ❖Please tell us how many students there are in
your school ? ❖Can you tell us how old his brother is ? ❖Please tell us how soon you will come back !
❖I’m sorry (that) I don’t know . ❖We’re sure (that) our team will win . ❖I’m afraid (that) I won’t pass the exam . ❖They found out who broke the windows. ❖ I’m thinking about who can win the match.
Do you know ? When will the plane leave? Do you know when the plane will leave ?
下列句子改为宾语从句时语序不变。
What’s the matter? What’ s wrong? What happened to you? What’s happening? Who teaches you English?