四年级英语语法汇总

小学三四年级英语语法汇总

一、陈述句

定义:是用来陈述一件事情或表示一种看法，可分为肯定句和否定句两种形式。

1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词do/have/has,情态动词can等时，只要直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。

eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)

Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.

2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。

Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)

Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.

2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)

The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.

3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)

Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.

二、疑问句

定义:是用来提出问题的句子。

常用疑问词:

A.一般疑问句：以be动词, have /has/do等助动词、can/may等情态动词开头，以yes或

no来回答的问句。

它的基本结构是：Be/Have/Has/Did等助动词（包括情态动词）＋主语＋谓语（包括表语）＋….回答常用简略回答。

1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，只要直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号。eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）

______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike

2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子中谓语动词必须用原形。

eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）

______ Edison ______ a science lab himself when he was ten

2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）

______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food

注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词，如果有也必须进行改变，already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too 改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。

B.特殊疑问句：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。

它的基本结构是：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句语序。但是如果疑问词在句子中作主语或作主语的定语，就用特殊疑问词＋陈述句语序。常用的疑问词有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等，回答时针对问句中的代词和副词来回答，不用yes 或no来回答。

1)对指物名词或谓语动词提出疑问，疑问词用what

①The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （划线提问）

______ _____ the twins _____ when their mother came in

②Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （划线提问）

_______ ______ Mrs Turner ask her son ______ _______

2)对名词前定语提出疑问，疑问词应用which，而且必须和名词连用。

I'm going to take the shirt on the right.（划线提问）

______ _____ are you going to take

3)对指人名词或代词提问用who，作宾语时提问用whom。

4)对物主代词和名词所有格提问用whose。

5)对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑问词用when；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用what time。

6)对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用where。

The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问）

_____ _____ the pupils having a picnic

7)对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用why。

Xiao Cheng didn't go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问）

_______ _____ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us

8)对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词How。

9)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。

eg. two hundred birds→How many birds

10)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。

eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.

______ ______ did you pay for the sweater