Emerson 爱默生简介
爱默生自然哲学家
爱默生自然哲学家爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson）是19世纪美国的一位哲学家、文学家和演说家。
他以自然哲学的观点和思想在当时的美国产生了深远的影响。
本文将探讨爱默生作为一位自然哲学家的思想和对社会的影响。
爱默生的自然观爱默生的自然观可以追溯到康德、尼采等欧洲哲学家的思想，但他将这些思想与美国大陆的大自然结合起来，形成了独特的观点。
他认为自然是神圣的，人与自然应该和谐相处。
他主张通过近距离观察和体验大自然来获得真理和智慧。
他相信人们应该与自然保持联系，以获得心灵的平静和开放。
爱默生的自然观对于当时的美国社会产生了重要影响。
19世纪美国正经历工业革命和城市化的浪潮，许多人感到与自然的联系被断裂。
爱默生的观点鼓励人们重新回归自然，并对传统的文化和社会制度提出了挑战。
爱默生的个人发展在描述爱默生自然哲学家的思想前，了解其个人经历对我们理解他的观点和影响也十分重要。
爱默生出生于1803年，毕业于哈佛大学，之后担任过神职人员，在此期间他参与了各种学术和文化活动，结识了许多知识分子。
他于1832年辞去圣职，在接下来的几年中进行了一次欧洲之行，这对他的思想产生了重要影响。
在欧洲之行期间，爱默生与许多知名的哲学家和作家进行了交流和学术争鸣，这加深了他对于自然哲学的兴趣和研究。
他回到美国后开始了一系列的演讲和写作活动，这些活动使他逐渐成为了美国哲学和文学界的重要人物。
爱默生的自然哲学观点爱默生的自然哲学观点主要体现在他的作品《自然》中。
他认为自然是一部宏伟的大书，其中包含着无尽的智慧和真理。
他主张人们应该亲自体验自然，并从中汲取人生的启示。
他相信人与自然之间存在一种神秘的联系，只有通过亲身体验才能理解这种联系的奥秘。
爱默生的自然观点强调人与自然的和谐关系，反对人类对自然资源的滥用和破坏。
他认为人们应该以敬畏的心态对待自然，并保护大自然的美丽和完整性。
他的这种观点对于当时的美国来说，尤其是面临着环境破坏和资源浪费的问题的社会起到了积极的影响。
诗人爱默生的简介资料
诗人爱默生的简介资料爱默生在历史上是出色的思想家和诗人，美国著名的哲学家。
下面是本人为你收集整理的爱默生生平简介，希望对你有帮助!爱默生生平简介爱默生出生在1803年的时候，出生的地点则是在波士顿，他的爸爸在当地是一位很有知名度的牧师，但是在他八岁的时候爸爸就去世了，他从小在妈妈和姑姑的照顾下长大，之后就到波士顿拉丁学校读书，并且成功地进入了哈佛大学，在学习期间他阅读到了很多优秀作品，这让他的视野和思想都变得开阔起来，在1929年的时候他成为了一名牧师，但是三年之后就因为和其他人员理念不合而辞职了，从此之后他开始在各个地区游历。
在1935年他和一些知识分子开创了俱乐部，五年之后用化名发表了他的第一部作品《论自然》，在1937年的时候他曾经发表过著名的演讲词，因此和他的学说一起成为国内最为重要的世俗宗教。
在1840年的时候爱默生担任超验主义刊物的主编，还将自己的演讲编成了《论文集》。
这也是他的代表作品之一，除此之外他的《代表人物》、《诗集》也都是非常经典的作品。
爱默生哲学是怎样的爱默生是一位美国著名的哲学家，他出生在牧师家庭之中，但是之后却发现这种他以为的轻松的工作也给了他很大的压力，于是便离开了这份工作，开始成为一名最为伟大的世俗宗教人士。
从《伦理哲学之现状》这本书开始，他一直专心研究探索哲学方面，而爱默生哲学虽然没能够成为独立的体系，但是却具有非常重要的影响力。
可以说爱默生哲学是违反了人们信奉的加尔文主义，加尔文主义曾经告诫过人们，人都是非常容易堕落的，并不能凭借自身能力成为完美的人，而爱默生哲学却在开始就假设了命题，他认为如果人能够让自己变得自然卓越，那么就是一个能够和神相称的人。
他并不觉得加尔文的观点是完全正确的，在他眼中人变得优秀之后就会接近自己天然的本性，这种想法可以让人得到提升，从而发现自我。
在爱默生哲学中他最基本的观点就是，自然是非常崇高而伟大的，人们在休息的时候，就如同地球处于大自然中一样，每个人都会有着一个超灵存在，和其他的元素都融合在一起，也会进入人们的思想，转变为智慧、美德。
爱默生简介英文
爱默生简介英文拉尔夫;沃尔多;爱默生，美国思想家、文学家，诗人。
爱默生是确立美国文化精神的代表人物。
下面是为你整理的爱默生简介英文，希望对你有用!拉尔夫;沃尔多;爱默生简介Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25, 1803 - April 27, 1882) was born in Boston. American thinker, writer, poet. Emerson is the representative of the American culture. Former US President Lincoln called him "American Confucius" and "Father of American Civilization". Published in 1836 debut "on nature". His contribution to literature is mainly in prose and poetry. 18 April 1882 died in Boston.拉尔夫;沃尔多;爱默生早年经历Emerson is a priestly family, and his father, William Emerson, is a well-known pastor. Emerson died six weeks before his eight-year-old birthday (1811), raising his adult by mother and aunt. He was sent to the Boston Latin School for the following year.In October 1817, when Emerson was 14 years old, he was enrolled at Harvard and was appointed as a new student, and this identity allowed him to get a free stay. In order to addmeager salary, during the winter vacation he will go to Ripley uncle in Massachusetts Vasheng City school counseling and teaching services. During the school, he read a large number of works of British romantic writers, enriched the idea, broaden the horizons.In 1821, after Emerson graduated from Harvard University, he assisted his brother in setting up a school for young women in his mother's house, after he set up his own school in Chelmsford Emerson 's brother went to Gedding to read the theology, and Emerson was in charge of the school. After a few years, Emerson lived the day as a principal, and then into the Harvard University Theological Seminary, and in 1829 to a pastor of the image of the image cut a striking figure.His first wife was Ellen Tucker, who died of tuberculosis on February 8, 1831, at the age of 20.In 1832, he was resigned with a church officer's dispute over the management of the communion service and the doubts about public prayer. After 1832, Emerson traveled to the European countries, met the pioneers of romanticism, and had accepted their transcendental ideas and had a great influence on the formation of his ideology.Between 1832 and 33 years, Emerson traveled to Europe, and the experience was recorded in the English Traits (1856). On the way he met William Walls, Coleridge, John Stewart Mill and Thomas Carlisle. After the end of the journey, Emerson and Carlisle continue to contact until Carlisle died in 1881, Emerson in the United States as the agent of Carlisle. Emerson's tourist destination is not limited to the United Kingdom, he also went to France (in 1848), Italy and the Middle East.Emerson returned to Boduten and carried out sermons in Concord. At this time his speech is closer to the Aristotelian style, important speech has "historical philosophy", "human culture", "the current era" and so on. Emerson often and his friends Thoreau, Hawthorne, Alco, Margaret and others held a small gathering to explore theological, philosophical and sociological issues. This gathering was known as the "transcendentalist club", Emerson also naturally become a transcendentalist leader.In 1835, Emerson bought a house in Concord, Massachusetts, and soon became one of the most important citizens in the city. Where he also married his second wife,Lydia Jackson. He called her the Lydia and she called him Mr. Emerson, both of whom gave birth to the children, Alan, Edith and Edward Emerson. Allen is named after his ex-wife, which is Lydia's suggestion.拉尔夫;沃尔多;爱默生文学生涯In September 1835, Emerson and other like-minded intellectuals founded the Transcendental Club. Until July 1840, Emerson published his first essay in September 1836, Nature ". When the work becomes the basic principle of transcendence, many people immediately think that this is the Italian works.In 1837 Emerson published a famous speech on the theme of "American Scholar", proclaiming that American literature had been independent from British literature and warned American scholars not to let the study learn to spread, do not blindly follow tradition, imitate. In addition, this speech also criticized the American society of money worship, emphasizing the value of people. Known as the United States in the field of ideological and cultural "Declaration of Independence."One year later, Emerson criticized the only deity of Christianity in the Dean of the Theological Seminary, striving for the supreme human being, and advocating the intuition ofthe truth. "Believe in your own thoughts, and believe that what is right in your heart that is right for you is applicable to all ... ..." literary critics Lawrence Bull in the "Emerson Biography" said, Emerson and his doctrine, Is the most important secular religion in the United States.In 1838 he was invited to return to Harvard University Theological Seminary for the graduation ceremony. His comments immediately shocked the entire Protestant community, because he explained that when Jesus was a man, he was not God (at that time people would rather not hear such a speech). Thus, he was condemned as an atheist and poisoned the young man's mind, and faced with these criticisms he did not make any response or defense. In the following 40 years, he was no longer invited to the Harvard University speech, but in the mid-1880s, his position became a doctrine of the doctrine.ProceedingsIn 1840 Emerson was the editor of the "sundial" of the transcendentalist publication, further promoting transcendentalism. Later, he compiled his own speech into a book, which is the famous"Proceedings". The first episode of the Proceedings was published in 1841, including 12 papers such as "On Self-help", "On Spirit", "On Compensation", "On Love", "On Friendship". Three years later, the second episode of the Proceedings was also published. This book as Emerson won a great reputation, his mind is called the core of transcendentalism, he himself was known as the "American Renaissance leader" reputation.In early 1842, Emerson's eldest son of China because of suffering from scarlet fever and died. Emerson presented his grief in his two masterpieces: an elegy and his essay "Experience" (Experience). In the same year William James was born, Emerson agreed to be his godfather.Emerson became a famous speaker in New England and other countries outside the United States. When he can not attend some speeches as scheduled, Frederick Douglas will replace him. Emerson's speech has many different themes, many of his works are extracted from his speech.Emerson and Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry David Thoreau are friends and often walk with them at Concord. Emerson inspired Thoreau's talent. Thoreau has alsobuilt a house in Walden, of Jackson County, Colorado. When Thoreau lives in Walden, Emerson offers food and hires Thoreau to finish some work. When Thoreau left Walden two years later, Emerson left because he wanted to travel, and Thoreau lived at Emerson's home.Their friendly relationship was broken by Thomson's first book, A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers, when Ruth gave rude advice. This book is not very extensive design, and Emerson took him to see their agents, which allows Thoreau to bear the cost of publishing this book and the risk. Readers of this book is not much, this thoreau began to bear the debt. Finally, the two of them reconcile some of the differences, but Thoreau in private still condemned Emerson gradually deviated from his initial outlook on life, and Emerson began to Thoreau as a weary person. Emerson gave a negative evaluation of Thoreau's rhetoric in the 19th century.Emerson is an abstract and esoteric writer, but his speech still has a lot of people to listen. Emerson's work is based on his diary's observation of things, and when he was still at Harvard, he had written diary habits, and those diaries were carefully indexed by Emerson. He writes his ownexperiences and ideas in his diary and brings out some meaningful messages and combines with his intensive and condensed lecture essence. Later, he revised and relented the content of the speech, so that his essay and some other works.He was a man who was regarded as one of the great performers at the time, and fascinated the audience with a low voice. He was very enthusiastic and treated with an equal attitude and valued the audience. His straightforward and uncompromising stance on the abolition of niggerism led him to object to and mock after talking about the subject. He continues to publish a radical abolition of the slaves but does not consider whether people like it. He tried to refrain from joining any open political movement or group, and was often eager to be independent, which reflected his individualist position. He often insisted not to advocate, to become a person alone on their own. In his later years, people wanted him to count the number of his writings, and he still said that his faith was "infinite individual".Emerson's early reading of the French essayist Montaigne's works, and by its great influence. He understood the personal style from these works and began to lower his trust in God. He never read Kant's work, but heread Coleridge's explanation of the German transcendentalist. This makes Emerson do not believe in the soul and God.influencesAfter Emerson died, he was buried in the Slippe Valley Cemetery in Concord, Massachusetts. In May 2006, Emerson published the "Theological Seminary" after 168 years, Harvard University Theological Seminary announced the creation of UUA (Unitarian Universalist Association).Emerson's collection of many of the prose of "Collected Essays: First (1841) and Second (1844) Series" is considered one of the 100 masterpieces.Emerson's Proceedings praised the idea that people would trust themselves, and those who believed in themselves were representatives of all, because he perceived the universal truth. Emerson with a transcendentalist's tone, quietly narrated his view of the world, transcendentalism combined and penetrated the neo-Platonism and similar Calvin sectarian a serious moral and that can be in all natural In the discovery of God's love romantic optimismEmerson likes to speak, face the crowd to make him excited, he said he felt a great emotion in the call, his mainreputation and achievements established here. He became the leader of American transcendentalism through his own essays and speeches, and became the most important of the informal philosophers. His philosophical spirit is manifested in the remarkable view of logic and empiricism. He despises the exploration of pure theory and believes in nature, which embodies the laws of God and God.In addition to the Proceedings, Emerson's works include "Representatives", "British Characteristics", "Poems", "May Festival and Other Poems".Emerson 's prose writer, thinker, poet in one. His poetry, prose unique, pay attention to the ideological content and not too much emphasis on rhetoric gorgeous, writing like aphorism, philosophical easy to understand, persuasive, and a typical "Emerson style." Some people commented on his words: "Emerson seems to only write a sentence," his text reveals the temperament is difficult to describe: both full of autocratic and no doubt, but also has an open spirit of democracy; both aristocratic arrogance , More civilians of the direct; both clear and easy to understand, and often mixed with some kind of mysticism ... ... a person canbe inserted in an article so many alarm is really amazing, those worth it in the morning Why do you read the words always inspiring, the years are not for him to cover the dust, but against the background he was sparkling.Emerson's greatest achievement in the history of American culture and literature is that he insists on the establishment of an independent national culture and literature. He is against the sudden attack, follow the footsteps. He preached the spiritual independence of the New World. Emerson's thought in its famous "American philosopher" in the further development. Emerson asked the American thinkers to "know themselves", "observe the natural", search by others long, create a new culture of the new continent, write their own books, in order to achieve their own perfection at the same time, for human progress contribution. He asked the American philosopher to be an independent thinker, not someone else's thought.He pointed out that the book contains the wisdom of the past era, but can not step by step in the past, can not regulate the moment step. He asked scholars to become a universe, rather than being pulled out of their own orbit. Some of theideas are creative, some of the behavior is creative, and some of the rhetoric is creative, these are from the mind itself feel good and the United States and the natural emission of the. He warned that the genius of the past could be the enemy of today's genius, and that Shakespeare could "modernize" the original style of modernity. American scholars should look forward, the eyes long in front of the head, full of hope to write their own books, each era should write their own books.爱默生简介英文。
散文家：爱默生(美国)人物简介
爱默生对欧洲文学的影响
01
爱默生对英国文学的影响
• 对英国浪漫主义文学产生了重要影响
• 对英国文学的发展产生了深远影响
02
爱默生对法国文学的影响
• 对法国浪漫主义文学产生了重要影响
• 对法国文学的发展产生了深远影响
03
爱默生对德国文学的影响
• 对德国浪漫主义文学产生了重要影响
• 对德国文学的发展产生了深远影响
• 国际文学界的奖项
• 以爱默生的名字命名
• 表彰杰出的世界作家和哲学家
⌛️
谢谢观看.
Thank you for watching.
Docs
05
爱默生的生平与作品年表
爱默生的生平大事记
1821年进
入哈佛大
学
1829年成
为牧师
1840年代
辞去牧师
职务
1882年去
世
• 美国马萨诸塞州康
• 学习神学、古典文
• 在波士顿的圣保罗
• 专注于写作和演讲
• 美国马萨诸塞州康
科德市
学和哲学
教堂任职
• 成为美国文学和哲
科德市
• 出生于一个牧师家
• 对欧洲浪漫主义文
• 对美国文学和文化产生了深远影响
02
爱默生在世界文学史上的地位
• 被认为是浪漫主义文学的代表人物之一
• 对世界文学的发展产生了重要影响
03
爱默生的作品和思想对后世的影响
• 对美国文学和文化的发展产生了深远影响
• 对世界文学的发展产生了重要影响
03
爱默生的思想与哲学观念
爱默生的超验主义思想
超验主义的基本概念
• 对美国散文的发展产生重要影响
Emerson-爱默生简介
Transcendentalism(超验主义)
Major F eatures
A day is a miniature of eternity.
c
Thanks！
Linda
c
Comment & Influence
What the American Revolution did for the nation's politics, Emerson did for its culture. Call for an independent culture.
Embodied a new nation’s desire and struggle to assert its own identity in itionist “It seems that Emerson only wrote epigram. ”
the Transcendental club( Thoreau, Hawthorne).
Transcendentalism(超验主义)
Origins--- Unitarianism
Similarity---emphasis on free conscience and the value of intellectual reason
a champion of individualism
He was born in Boston(the capital of learning in the US), in 1803, the son of a Unitarian minister.
爱默生英文简介_英文简历模板
爱默生英文简介拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生，美国思想家、文学家，诗人。
爱默生是确立美国文化精神的代表人物。
下面是小编为你整理的爱默生英文简介，希望对你有用!拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生简介Ralph Waldo Emerson (May 25, 1803 - April 27, 1882) was born in Boston. American thinker, writer, poet. Emerson is the representative of the American culture. Former US President Lincoln called him "American Confucius" and "Father of American Civilization". Published in 1836 debut "on nature". His contribution to literature is mainly in prose and poetry. 18 April 1882 died in Boston.拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生文学生涯In September 1835, Emerson and other like-minded intellectuals founded the Transcendental Club. Until July 1840, Emerson published his first essay in September 1836, Nature ". When the work becomes the basic principle of transcendence, many people immediately think that this is the Italian works.In 1837 Emerson published a famous speech on the theme of "American Scholar", proclaiming that American literature had been independent from British literature and warned American scholars not to let the study learn to spread, do not blindly follow tradition, imitate. In addition, this speech also criticized the American society of money worship, emphasizing the value of people. Known as the United States in the field of ideological and cultural "Declaration of Independence".One year later, Emerson criticized the only deity of Christianity in the Dean of the Theological Seminary, striving for the supreme human being, and advocating the intuition of thetruth. "Believe in your own thoughts, and believe that what is right in your heart that is right for you is applicable to all ... ..." literary critics Lawrence Bull in the "Emerson Biography" said, Emerson and his doctrine, Is the most important secular religion in the United States.In 1838 he was invited to return to Harvard University Theological Seminary for the graduation ceremony. His comments immediately shocked the entire Protestant community, because he explained that when Jesus was a man, he was not God (at that time people would rather not hear such a speech). Thus, he was condemned as an atheist and poisoned the young man's mind, and faced with these criticisms he did not make any response or defense. In the following 40 years, he was no longer invited to the Harvard University speech, but in the mid-1880s, his position became a doctrine of the doctrine.ProceedingsIn 1840 Emerson was the editor of the "sundial" of the transcendentalist publication, further promoting transcendentalism. Later, he compiled his own speech into a book, which is the famous "Proceedings". The first episode of the Proceedings was published in 1841, including 12 papers such as "On Self-help", "On Spirit", "On Compensation", "On Love", "On Friendship". Three years later, the second episode of the Proceedings was also published. This book as Emerson won a great reputation, his mind is called the core of transcendentalism, he himself was known as the "American Renaissance leader" reputation.In early 1842, Emerson's eldest son of China because of suffering from scarlet fever and died. Emerson presented his grief in his two masterpieces: an elegy and his essay "Experience"(Experience). In the same year William James was born, Emerson agreed to be his godfather.Emerson became a famous speaker in New England and other countries outside the United States. When he can not attend some speeches as scheduled, Frederick Douglas will replace him. Emerson's speech has many different themes, many of his works are extracted from his speech.Emerson and Nathaniel Hawthorne and Henry David Thoreau are friends and often walk with them at Concord. Emerson inspired Thoreau's talent. Thoreau has also built a house in Walden, of Jackson County, Colorado. When Thoreau lives in Walden, Emerson offers food and hires Thoreau to finish some work. When Thoreau left Walden two years later, Emerson left because he wanted to travel, and Thoreau lived at Emerson's home.Their friendly relationship was broken by Thomson's first book, A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers, when Ruth gave rude advice. This book is not very extensive design, and Emerson took him to see their agents, which allows Thoreau to bear the cost of publishing this book and the risk. Readers of this book is not much, this thoreau began to bear the debt. Finally, the two of them reconcile some of the differences, but Thoreau in private still condemned Emerson gradually deviated from his initial outlook on life, and Emerson began to Thoreau as a weary person. Emerson gave a negative evaluation of Thoreau's rhetoric in the 19th century.Emerson is an abstract and esoteric writer, but his speech still has a lot of people to listen. Emerson's work is based on his diary's observation of things, and when he was still at Harvard, he had written diary habits, and those diaries were carefullyindexed by Emerson. He writes his own experiences and ideas in his diary and brings out some meaningful messages and combines with his intensive and condensed lecture essence. Later, he revised and relented the content of the speech, so that his essay and some other works.He was a man who was regarded as one of the great performers at the time, and fascinated the audience with a low voice. He was very enthusiastic and treated with an equal attitude and valued the audience. His straightforward and uncompromising stance on the abolition of niggerism led him to object to and mock after talking about the subject. He continues to publish a radical abolition of the slaves but does not consider whether people like it. He tried to refrain from joining any open political movement or group, and was often eager to be independent, which reflected his individualist position. He often insisted not to advocate, to become a person alone on their own. In his later years, people wanted him to count the number of his writings, and he still said that his faith was "infinite individual".Emerson's early reading of the French essayist Montaigne's works, and by its great influence. He understood the personal style from these works and began to lower his trust in God. He never read Kant's work, but he read Coleridge's explanation of the German transcendentalist. This makes Emerson do not believe in the soul and God.influencesAfter Emerson died, he was buried in the Slippe Valley Cemetery in Concord, Massachusetts. In May 20xx, Emerson published the "Theological Seminary" after 168 years, Harvard University Theological Seminary announced the creation of UUA (Unitarian Universalist Association).Emerson's collection of many of the prose of "Collected Essays: First (1841) and Second (1844) Series" is considered one of the 100 masterpieces.Emerson's Proceedings praised the idea that people would trust themselves, and those who believed in themselves were representatives of all, because he perceived the universal truth. Emerson with a transcendentalist's tone, quietly narrated his view of the world, transcendentalism combined and penetrated the neo-Platonism and similar Calvin sectarian a serious moral and that can be in all natural In the discovery of God's love romantic optimism.Emerson likes to speak, face the crowd to make him excited, he said he felt a great emotion in the call, his main reputation and achievements established here. He became the leader of American transcendentalism through his own essays and speeches, and became the most important of the informal philosophers. His philosophical spirit is manifested in the remarkable view of logic and empiricism. He despises the exploration of pure theory and believes in nature, which embodies the laws of God and God.In addition to the Proceedings, Emerson's works include "Representatives", "British Characteristics", "Poems", "May Festival and Other Poems".Emerson 's prose writer, thinker, poet in one. His poetry, prose unique, pay attention to the ideological content and not too much emphasis on rhetoric gorgeous, writing like aphorism, philosophical easy to understand, persuasive, and a typical "Emerson style." Some people commented on his words: "Emerson seems to only write a sentence," his text reveals the temperament is difficult to describe: both full of autocratic andno doubt, but also has an open spirit of democracy; both aristocratic arrogance , More civilians of the direct; both clear and easy to understand, and often mixed with some kind of mysticism ... ... a person can be inserted in an article so many alarm is really amazing, those worth it in the morning Why do you read the words always inspiring, the years are not for him to cover the dust, but against the background he was sparkling.Emerson's greatest achievement in the history of American culture and literature is that he insists on the establishment of an independent national culture and literature. He is against the sudden attack, follow the footsteps. He preached the spiritual independence of the New World. Emerson's thought in its famous "American philosopher" in the further development. Emerson asked the American thinkers to "know themselves", "observe the natural", search by others long, create a new culture of the new continent, write their own books, in order to achieve their own perfection at the same time, for human progress contribution. He asked the American philosopher to be an independent thinker, not someone else's thought.He pointed out that the book contains the wisdom of the past era, but can not step by step in the past, can not regulate the moment step. He asked scholars to become a universe, rather than being pulled out of their own orbit. Some of the ideas are creative, some of the behavior is creative, some of the rhetoric is creative, these are from the mind itself feel good and the United States naturally gush out. He warned that the genius of the past could be the enemy of today's genius, and that Shakespeare could "modernize" the original style of modernity. American scholars should look forward, the eyes long in front of the head, full of hope to write their own books, each era should write theirown books.。
RalphWaldoEmerson爱默生作品赏析
语言简练有力，富有激情，具有强 烈的感染力。
《论美》
主题
探讨美的本质和意义。
内容
通过对美的不同表现形式的探讨，阐述作者对美的独特见解，强调 内在美的重要性。
艺术手法
运用丰富的比喻和形象的描绘，使作品具有很高的审美价值。
04
Emerson作品中的思想 内涵
超验主义思想
超验主义定义
超验主义是19世纪美国的一场思想运动，强调直觉、个人主义和内在的精神力 量。
02
对美国文化和思想产生了深远影响。
对后世作家如梭罗、惠特曼等人产生了重要影响。
03
02
Emerson作品风格
语言特点
01
02
03
简洁明了
Emerson的作品语言简练， 表达清晰，没有过多的修 辞和华丽辞藻，却能深入 人心。
富有哲理
他的文字富含深刻的哲理， 常常通过日常生活中的小 事来阐述人生的大道理。
02
1821年毕业于哈佛大学。
03
1836年开始担任波士顿第二教堂的牧师。
04
1838年辞去教职，开始独立写作和演讲生 涯。
文学成就
1836年发表第一部作品 《自然》。
1850年发表自传体散文集 《经历》。
1844年发表《论美》。 1857年发表《论历史》。
对后世影响
01
被誉为“美国文艺复兴之父”。
新视角
随着研究的深入，学者们开始从新的视角对Emerson的作品进行解读， 如生态批评、性别研究等。
研究展望
跨学科研究
未来对Emerson的研究将更加注重跨学科的 方法，如文学与哲学、文学与心理学等。
比较研究
未来可以将Emerson的作品与其他作家的作品进行 比较研究，以更深入地理解他的作品。
爱默生简介中英文对照ppt课件
6
Emerson's formal schooling began at the Boston Latin School in when he was
nine.In October 1817, at 14, Emerson went to Harvard College and was appointed
4
Emerson wrote most of his important essays as lectures first, then revised them for print. His first two collections of essays – Essays: First Series and Essays: Second Series, published respectively in 1841 and 1844 – represent the core of his thinking, and include such well-known essays as Self-Reliance, The Over-Soul, Circles, The Poet and Experience. Together with Nature, these essays made the decade from the mid-1830s to the mid1840s Emerson's most fertile period.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生
人物简介
主要作品 主要影响
名言警句
人物简介
拉尔夫•沃尔多•爱默生 (Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1803年—1882年)，生于 波士顿。美国思想家、文 学家，诗人。爱默生是确 立美国文化精神的代表人 物，美国前总统林肯称他 为“美国的孔子”、“美 国文明之父”。
爱默生出身牧师家庭，自幼 丧父，由母亲和姑母抚养他成 人。曾就读于哈佛大学，在校 期间，他阅读了大量英国浪漫 主义作家的作品，丰富了思想， 开阔了视野。毕业后曾执教两 年，之后进入哈佛神学院，担 任基督教唯一的神教派牧师， 并开始布道。
主要作品
1835年，爱默生和其他志趣相投的知识分子创立 了“超验俱乐部”，直到1840年，爱默生用化名出版 了他的第一本小品文《论自然》（Nature)。
简陋的拱桥边下河水流淌， 旗帜迎着四月的微风飘扬， 从戎征战的农夫， 在此打响了声震全球的一枪。 敌人早已死去， 征服者正在安息； 时光把桥梁的残骸扫入了 那缓缓流向大海的暗淡江河小溪。 我们今天奉献上一座石碑， 在碧绿的岸上，在深沉平缓的河边； 愿人们的缅怀重现他们的伟绩， 直至我们的子孙，永远。 激励英雄拼死搏击、 换来儿辈自由的神灵啊， 嘱咐时光和自然慷慨保存下来 我们为英雄、为你竖起的这座丰碑。
Unless you try to do something beyond what you have already mastered, you will never grow. 如果你不尝试自己能力之外的事情，你永远不会成长。
1837年爱默生以《美国学者》为题发表了一篇著 名的演讲辞，宣告美国文学已脱离英国文学而独立， 告诫美国学者不要让学究习气蔓延，不要盲目地追随 传统，不要进行纯粹的摹仿。另外这篇讲辞还抨击了 美国社会的拜金主义，强调人的价值。被誉为美国思 想文化领域的“独ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้宣言”。
《大自然的启示》作者简介
《大自然的启示》作者简介《大自然的启示》是一部以探索自然之美和人类与自然的关系为主题的著作，作者瓦尔多·爱默生（Waldo Emerson）是一位伟大的美国思想家、文学家和哲学家。
他以其对人类精神探索的独特见解和对自然的热爱而闻名于世。
瓦尔多·爱默生于1803年五月25日出生在美国麻省的波士顿。
他的父亲是一位牧师，因此在家庭的影响下，爱默生从小就接触到了宗教和哲学的思想。
爱默生在哈佛大学学习神学，并准备成为一名牧师，但事实上，他的兴趣更加广泛，他追求一种更加自由、开放和个人的哲学。
爱默生对自然的热爱始于他的童年。
他常常在农村度过夏天的时光，与自然融为一体，这对他的思维和创作产生了深远的影响。
在《大自然的启示》中，他通过捕捉大自然的美丽，表达了自己对人类与自然和谐相处的愿望。
在他的著作中，爱默生提倡自由主义的价值观，强调个体主义和自由的重要性。
他鼓励人们去思考和探索，认为每个人都有独特的价值和潜力。
他反对社会的约束和传统的束缚，主张个人的独立思考和行动。
此外，爱默生还坚信人类与自然之间有着密切的联系。
他认为自然是美丽、神圣和有智慧的，人类应该尊重并与自然和谐共存。
他认为自然是上帝的创造，是人们可以从中获取启示和智慧的源泉。
爱默生的思想影响了许多后来的作家、思想家和活动家。
他的作品成为了美国的文学和哲学的经典之一。
他的影响力甚至超越了国界，许多国际著名的文化人士都受到了他的启发。
然而，爱默生的生活并不是一帆风顺的。
他曾经因为自己的观点和行为受到了社会的批评和压力。
他的作品也常常被认为是妖魔化宗教和道德的产物。
但是，他从不屈服于社会的压力和批评，他坚信自己的观点和价值，并继续为他认为正确的事业而奋斗。
《大自然的启示》这本书是爱默生在他生命的最后几年写成的，这本书的出版对当时的社会产生了巨大的冲击。
它不仅是一本关于自然的著作，更是一个关于人类自由与社会进步的启示。
总的来说，瓦尔多·爱默生是一位杰出的思想家和作家，他的著作《大自然的启示》表达了他对自由、个体主义和自然的热爱。
Ralph waldo Emerson
In 1836, published his first book, Nature
1835年9月，爱默 生和其他志趣相 投的知识分子创 立了“超验俱乐 部”，直到1840 年7月，爱默生用 化名出版了他在 1836年9月创作的 第一本小品文 《论自然》
In September 1836, Emerson and other like-minded intellectuals founded the Transcendental club, which served as a center for the movement.
The group published its journal, The Dial, in July 1840.
（Nature)。
A Famous Lecturer
这篇文章堪称美 国学者标举学术 独立、摆脱对欧 洲依附关系的" 独立宣言",美国 的学术思想由此 an Scholar 《美国学者》
“美国文明之父”
拉尔夫· 沃尔多· 爱默生
人物简介
拉尔夫· 沃尔多· 爱默生， 美国思想家，诗人。 1836年出版处女作《论 自然》。他文学上的贡 献主要在散文和诗歌上。
拉尔夫· 沃尔多· 爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson，1803年－ 1882年），生于波士顿。 美国 思想家、文学家，诗人。 爱默 生是确立美国文化精神的代表人 物。 美国前总统林肯称他为 “美国的孔子”、“美国文明之 父”。1803年5月25日出生于马 萨诸塞州波士顿附近的康考德村， 1882年4月27日在波士顿逝世。 他的生命几乎横贯19世纪的美 国，他出生时候的美国热闹却混 沌，一些人意识到它代表着某种 新力量的崛起，却无人能够清晰 的表达出来。
爱默生的经典名言
爱默生的经典名言爱默生是谁？拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson，1803年－1882年），生于波士顿。
美国思想家、文学家，诗人。
爱默生是确立美国文化精神的代表人物。
美国前总统林肯称他为“美国的孔子”、“美国文明之父”。
1803年5月25日出生于马萨诸塞州波士顿附近的康考德村，1882年4月27日在波士顿逝世。
他的生命几乎横贯19世纪的美国，他出生时候的美国热闹却混沌，一些人意识到它代表着某种新力量的崛起，却无人能够清晰的表达出来。
主要作品：《论自然》是爱默生的第1部重要哲学著作。
爱默生的著作大多是散文，主要作品包括《论自然》、《论超灵》、《自助》等。
1847年和1867年他分别出版两册《诗集》。
此外还有《代表人物》(1850)、《英国人的性格》(1856) 、《五日节及其他诗》、《自立》等代表性作品。
部分名言：（当然作为一个伟大的文学家、思想家，他的精彩远不只如此噢）⊙读书时，我愿在每一个美好思想的面前停留，就像在每一条真理面前停留一样。
——爱默生⊙如果使用得好，书是最好的东西；如果滥用了，书就是最坏的东西。
——爱默生⊙聪明人并不是无论何时都聪明。
——爱默生⊙健康是人生第一财富。
——爱默生⊙思考是行为的种子。
——爱默生⊙怎样思想，就有怎样的生活。
——爱默生⊙编造谎言的人撒的每一次谎不只是自杀行为，而且还是对人类社会的健康的伤害。
——爱默生⊙喂，你可曾听说才思也许能在青春年少时获得，智慧也许会在腐朽前成熟？。
——爱默生⊙智力取消了命运，只要能思考，他就是自主的。
——爱默生⊙修养的本质如同人的性格，最终还是归结到道德情操这个问题上。
——爱默生⊙彬彬有礼的风度，主要是自我克制的表现。
——爱默生⊙习惯是一个人思想与行为的领导者。
——爱默生⊙生活的乐趣取决于生活都本身，而不是取决于工作或地点。
——爱默生⊙家庭是父亲的王国，母亲的世界，儿童的乐园。
——爱默生⊙思想是会享用它的人的财产。
爱默生课件
然和社会的道德观。1841~1844年，他还先后出 版了两本论文集。1846年，他的《诗集》出版。 这段时间发表的以上论著，奠定了他在美国哲学 界和文学界的地位，并使他获得了一定的国际声 誉。1847年，爱默生第二次到欧洲访问，在英国 做了多次演讲。在欧洲期间，他结识了一些著名 的作家，使他产生了此后转向文学创作的念头。 1848年回国后，他的兴趣逐渐离开先验论，也离
爱默生十分强调直觉的作用， 认为这是先验论的基本方法，哲 学家和诗人都依靠直觉来把握那 种弥漫于自然界中的内在规律。 直觉中不包含任何属于逻辑或知 性的成分，它完全是个人的、直 接的和独立的，它与过去或未来 发生的事情都没有任何联系。
爱默生强调每个人都应当信赖 自己，相信自己内心中所思考的 事物。每个人都应
爱默生声明，先验论者接受了唯心主义者的 这些理论，他们相信奇迹，相信人的心灵之 门永远向光和力量敞开，相信灵感，相信出 神入化的境界。他们希望精神原则能被广泛 应用于人的状态，而不看重任何非精神的东 西，反对把任何不属于精神的尺度或规则强 加于精神之上。他们认为自己是立法者，不
受现规章的约束，因而往往被指责为主张 唯信仰论。在《自然》一书中，爱默生还从 人与自然、心灵与物质的关系这一角度，论 证唯心主义的优越性。
1829年，他与第一任妻子埃伦·塔克结婚，但 她在婚后两年因罹患肺结核于1831年2月8日过世， 这对他刺激颇深。
1832年，一次与教会干事关于圣餐服务的管理 权争执及关于公众祈祷的疑虑让他辞职了。1832 年以后，爱默生到欧洲各国游历。在漫长的旅途 生活中，他通过独自的沉思发现能在自己心灵深 处找到上帝，这促进他从唯一神论转向先验论。
非通过经验获得的，相反，经验本身则是 通过这类观念或必要形式而获得的，这类 观念或必要形式就是心灵本身的直觉，也 就是他所说的“先验的形式”。这就是说， 唯物主义建立在经验之上，唯心主义则建 立在意识之上，前者从感觉材料着手进行 思维，后者则认为感觉不是终极之物，感 觉只给我们提供事物的表象，至于
爱默生意志的事例
爱默生意志的事例
（实用版）
目录
1.爱默生的生平简介
2.爱默生意志的表现
3.爱默生意志的启示
正文
爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson）是美国著名的思想家、文学家和诗人，他的思想深受美国人民的喜爱，对美国文化的发展产生了深远的影响。
爱默生的一生都在追求自由、独立和创新，他的意志坚定，勇往直前，为我们树立了榜样。
爱默生意志的表现可以从以下几个方面来看。
首先，爱默生具有强烈的自我意识。
他认为，每个人都有自己独特的价值和使命，应该尊重自己的内心，追求自己的梦想。
在现实生活中，他始终坚持自己的信仰，不受外界压力和诱惑的影响。
这种坚定的信念使得他在面对困难和挑战时，总能保持积极的心态，勇往直前。
其次，爱默生具有高度的自信。
他认为，自信是一个人成功的关键。
在他的一生中，他始终相信自己的才华和能力，不断挑战自己，不断突破自己的极限。
正是这种自信，使他在文学、哲学等领域取得了卓越的成就。
再者，爱默生具有坚定的行动力。
他相信，只有付诸实践，才能将理想变为现实。
他倡导“行动胜于空谈”，在追求自己的梦想过程中，他总是付诸实践，不断尝试，不断探索。
这种坚定的行动力使得他最终在众多领域取得了成功。
爱默生意志的启示在于，我们应当学习他的坚定信念、高度自信和坚定行动力。
在现实生活中，我们也会面临各种困难和挑战，但只要我们坚定信念，相信自己的能力，勇敢地付诸实践，我们便能克服困难，实现自
己的梦想。
爱默生简单介绍美国文学。
爱默生的 赞美了 人要信赖自我的主张这样的人相信自己 是所有人的代表，因为他感知到了普遍的 真理。爱默生以一个超验主义名的口吻， 平静地叙说着他对世界的看法、超验主义 结合并渗透了新柏拉图主义和类似加尔文 教派的一种严肃道德观和那种能在一切自 然中发现上帝之爱的浪漫派乐观主义。
A day is a miniature of eternity. 一天是永恒的缩影。
Truth is beautiful, without doubt; but so are lies. 真理是美的，毫无疑问，谎言也 是如此。
Insist on yourself, never imitate… Every great man is unique. 坚持做你自己，不要模仿别 人，每个伟大的人都是独一无二 的。 Finish each day and be done with it. You have done what you could. 结束每一天并完成每一天，你已经 做了你力所能及的。
Ralph Waldo Emerson
美国思想家，散文家， 诗人，超验主义哲学的 主要倡导者。1836年出 版处女作《论自然》 （Nature）。他文学上 的贡献主要在散文和诗
1803年5月出生于马萨诸塞州波土顿附近 的康考德村 1882年4月27日在波士顿逝世。 1821年毕业于哈佛大学，毕业后曾 执教两年，之后进入哈佛神学院，担 任基督教唯一的神教派牧师。
爱默生出身牧师家庭，他的父 亲是威廉· 爱默生是一位知名的 一位论派牧师。爱默生在即将 过八岁的两周前父亲过世 （1811年），由母亲和姑母抚 养他成人。隔年他被送到了波 士顿拉丁学校就读。
作者简介
内容提要
《论自助》选自爱默生的《论文集》。《论文集》收入 了爱默生的12篇散文，除了《论自助》之外，还收入了 《论历史》、《论补偿》、《论精神律法》、《论爱 情》、《论友谊》、《论谨慎》、《论英勇》、《论超 灵》、《论圈子》、《论智力》、《论艺术》等。《论 自助》是根据爱默生的日记和他在1836至1837年间的一 系列演讲的材料写成的，是表达他的超验主义观点的最 重要的作品之一。“相信你自己”是爱默生伦理思想中 的重要观点之一，也是《论自助》中得到充分发挥的主 题。爱默生在文中鞭挞了所有形式的模仿，认为独立和 不随波逐流是一个人最重要的美德：“一个人自己不管 是好是坏，都应该泰然处之”。
评论
评论.doc
他在另一篇演讲《神学院致辞》 （ The Divinity School Address,1838 ）中尖锐抨击了毫无生 气的“历史基督教”，特别是基督教 中拘泥于形式的礼仪，认为需要建立 一门新的宗教，以自然为基础，通过 道德上的直觉直接面对上帝。《人类 代表》(Representative Men, 1850) 既是柏拉图、蒙田、莎士比亚、拿破 仑、歌德等人的传记，又是对他们的 评 论 ； 《 英 国 特 征 》(English Traits, 1856) 则是他两次游历欧洲 的 结 晶 。 《 人 生 的 行 为 》(The Conduct of Life, 1860)是他的另一 本散文集，表现了他已经成熟了的人 文主义思想，也反映了他对人类局限 的认识。 他的诗作结集为 《诗集》 (Poems, 1846) 和 《 五 月 节 》(MayDay and Other Pieces, 1867) 。
回国后，他开始撰写《论自然》 （Nature，1836）这部重要著作，并 在波士顿进行演讲，宣扬超验主义哲 学，鼓吹个人应该摆脱人为的束缚。 在以《论美国学者》(The American Scholar, 1837)为题的著名演讲中， 爱默生简要描述了他的人文主义哲学， 认为独立的学者必须借助自然、书籍 和行动来解释和领导自己的文化。他 敦促美国知识界人士直接向生活学习， 通过书籍来了解过去，用行动来表达 自己。他在这篇演讲中鞭挞了迂腐作 风、机械的模仿、拘泥于传统以及学 问与生活完全脱节等当时知识界的弊 病，呼吁美国知识界摆脱欧洲影响以 争取完全的精神独立。
文学家爱默生的简介
文学家爱默生的简介爱默生，美国思想家、文学家，诗人。
爱默生是确立美国文化精神的代表人物。
下面是店铺搜集整理的文学家爱默生的简介，希望对你有帮助。
文学家爱默生的简介拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱默森(Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1803-1882)美国散文作家、思想家、诗人。
1803年5月6日出生于马萨诸塞州波士顿附近的康考德村，1882年4月27日在波士顿逝世。
他的生命几乎横贯19世纪的美国，他出生时候的美国热闹却混沌，一些人意识到它代表着某种新力量的崛起，却无人能够清晰的表达出来。
它此时缺乏统一的政体，更没有相对一致的意识形态。
在他去世的时候美国不但因为南北战争而统一，而且它的个性却逐渐鲜明起来，除了物质力量引人注目，它的文化也正在竭力走出欧洲的阴影。
1837年爱默生以《美国学者》为题发表了一篇著名的演讲辞，宣告美国文学已脱离英国文学而独立，告诫美国学者不要让学究习气蔓延，不要盲目地追随传统，不要进行纯粹的摹仿。
另外这篇讲辞还抨击了美国社会的拜金主义，强调人的价值。
被誉为美国思想文化领域的“独立宣言”。
一年之后，爱默生在《神学院献辞》中批评了__唯一神教派死气沉沉的局面，竭力推崇人的至高无上，提倡靠直觉认识真理。
“相信你自己的思想，相信你内心深处认为对你合适的东西对一切人都适用……”文学批评家劳伦斯.布尔在《爱默生传》所说，爱默生与他的学说，是美国最重要的世俗宗教。
爱默生的文学生涯1835年9月，爱默生和其他志趣相投的知识分子创立了“超越俱乐部”，直到1840年7月，爱默生用化名出版了他在1836年9月创作的第一本小品文《论自然》(Nature)。
当作品成为超越论的基本原则时，很多人立即认为这是意大利的作品。
1838年他获邀回到哈佛大学神学院为毕业典礼致词。
他的评论立刻震惊整个新教徒的社会，因为他说明了当耶稣是一个人时，他并不是神(当时人们宁愿没有听到这样的言论)。
爱默生美国文学界的巨擘
爱默生美国文学界的巨擘爱默生（Ralph Waldo Emerson）是19世纪美国文学界的巨擘，他以其深邃的思想和独立的精神，对美国文学界产生了深远的影响。
本文将从他的生平、思想以及对美国文学的贡献等方面来介绍爱默生。
一、生平介绍爱默生于1803年出生在美国波士顿，他的父亲是一位牧师。
在父亲的影响下，他从小就受到宗教教育和文学的熏陶。
他在哈佛大学接受教育，并毕业后成为一名教师。
然而，他很快就离开了教师职业，选择了独立的文学生涯。
他开始在各种场合发表演讲，并以其独特的观点和风格吸引了众多听众。
二、爱默生的思想爱默生的思想以超越传统和个人自由为核心。
他主张个体要摆脱传统的束缚，追求独立思考和行动。
他认为每个人都有内在的智慧和能力，并且应该通过观察和体验来寻找真理。
他反对盲目地追随权威，并呼吁人们去探索自己的天赋和潜能。
他的这些思想对美国独立精神的形成产生了重要影响。
三、对美国文学的贡献爱默生对美国文学界的贡献主要体现在两个方面：一是他的作品直接影响了后来的作家，二是他对美国文学的发展产生了积极的推动作用。
爱默生的作品充满了独特的思想和观点，比如他的代表作《自然》中强调了与自然的和谐相处以及反对社会陈规的主张。
这些作品激发了后来许多作家的灵感，他们通过接纳和发展爱默生的思想，进一步丰富了美国文学的内涵。
此外，爱默生在美国文学界的发展中，也起到了积极的推动作用。
他是泰州文学会（Transcendental Club）的创始人之一，该组织为许多新兴作家提供了交流和合作的平台。
通过这个组织，爱默生与其他重要的文学家，如亨利·戴维·梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）和威廉·詹姆斯（William James）等建立了深厚的友谊和合作关系。
这种合作和交流的氛围促进了美国文学的繁荣。
四、爱默生的影响爱默生的观点和作品不仅影响了美国文学界，也对其他领域产生了影响。
他的思想对美国哲学、宗教和政治等领域产生了深远的影响。
爱默生简介
爱默生简介姓名：爱默生性别：男出生年月：1803-1882年出生地：波士顿国籍：美国爱默生，r.w.(ralph waldo emerson 1803-1882)。
思想家、作家、诗人。
1803年5月25日生于波士顿一个牧师家庭。
1882年4月27日于马萨诸塞州康科德去世。
17岁毕业于哈佛学院。
1826年进入哈佛神学院学习，次年被获准讲道。
1828年成为波士顿第二教堂牧师，属于当时在新英格兰居优势的唯一神教派。
后因不赞成这一教派的某些教义，放弃神职，于1833年赴欧游历，拜访浪漫主义运动的先驱人物兰道尔、柯尔律治、华兹华斯等，与卡莱尔结为知交，并深受先验论的影响。
回国后于1836年出版《论自然》一书，这部书几乎包含了他所有重要的思想的胚芽。
1837年8月31日，爱默生在美国大学生联谊会上以《论美者》为题发表演讲，抨击美国社会中灵魂从属于金钱的拜金主义和资本主义劳动分工使人异化为物的现象，强调人的价值；提出学者的任务是自由而勇敢地从皮相中揭示真实，以鼓舞人、提高人、引导人；他号召发扬民族自尊心，反对一味追随外国的学说。
这一演讲轰动一时，对美国民族文化的兴起产生重大的影响，被霍尔姆斯誉为“我们的思想上的独立宣言”。
1838年7月15日，爱默生在剑桥的神学院发表题为《神学院致辞》的著名的演讲，遭到新英格兰加尔文教派、唯一种教派等势力的抗议和攻击。
爱默生的哲学思想中保持了唯一神教派强调人的价值的积极成分，又吸收了欧洲唯心主义先验论的思想，发展成为超验主义观点。
其基本出发点是反对权威，祟尚直觉；其核心是主张人能超越感觉和理性而直接认识真理。
这一观点有助于打破当时神学和外国的教条的束缚，建立民族文化，集中体现了时代精神，为美国政治上的民主主义和经济上资本主义的发展提供了理论根据。
自1836年开始，爱默生、阿尔科特、里普利等人在波士顿的康科德不定期地聚会讨论“神学与哲学的不良状况”，这可以说是超验主义运动的起点。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
"The world is nothing. The person is all. In yourself is the law of all nature." Urged students to learn directly from life. He told them, “Life is our dictionary.” "Let mankind stand forevermore," he said, "as a temple returned to greatness by new love, new faith, new sight."
A day is a miniature of eternity.
c
Thanks！
c
L inda
c
Ralph Waldo Emerson
c
Linda
an American essayist, lecturer, and poet Transcendentalist
1
The father of American civilization Confucius in the United States a champion of individualism
Emerson’s ideas
Self-trust and self-reliance. He think that to trust self is really to trust the voice of God speaking intuitively within us. The infinitude of man’s divine potentiality. He believes that the possibilities for man to develop and improve himself are infinite. Nature as symbol of God. “Nature is the vehicle of thought.” “Particular natural facts are symbols of particular spiritual facts.”
Transcendentalism(超验主义)
Origins--- Unitarianism
Similarity---emphasis on free conscience and the value of intellectual reason Difference Unitarianism ---sobriety(节制), mildness, calm rationalism Transcendentalism--- more intense spiritual experience
Transcendentalism(超验主义)
Major F eatures
1. Emphasize on spirit as the most important thing in the universe. 2. Stress the importance of the individual. Individual is the most important element of society. 3. Offer a fresh reception of Nature as symbolic of the God. Nature is not purely matter but alive, filled with God’s overwhelming presence.
He was born Boston(the capital of learning in the US), in 1803, the son of a Unitarian minister. Emerson attended Harvard, studied theology and became a Unitarian minister(1829-1832), but questioned about his beliefs and the purpose of his life. Resigned, believing people could find God without the help of church. In Europe, he met Wordsworth and Coleridge(Romanticism). He settled down in Concord, and became the leading member of the Transcendental club( Thoreau, Hawthorne).
Comment & Influence
What the American Revolution did for the nation's politics, Emerson did for its culture. Call for an independent culture. Embodied a new nation’s desire and struggle to assert its own identity in its formative period. ardent abolitionist “It seems that Emerson only wrote epigram. ”