FPGA原理图

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FPGA概述PPT课件

FPGA概述PPT课件
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6.底层内嵌功能单元 内嵌专用硬核是相对于底层嵌入的软核而言 的,硬核(Hard Core)使FPGA具有强大 的处理能力,等效于ASIC电路。
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1.3 IP核简介
IP(Intelligent Property)核
是具有知识产权的集成电路芯核总称,是 经过反复验证过的、具有特定功能的宏模 块,与芯片制造工艺无关,可以移植到不 同的半导体工艺中。
通道绑定原 理示意图
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5.预加重技术 在印制的电路板上,线路是呈现低通滤波 器的频率特性的,为解决高频部分的损失, 就要采取预加重技术。
预加重技术的思想是:在传输信号时,抬高 信号的高频信号,以补偿线路上高频分量的 损失。
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没有预加重 的发送波形
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预加重后的 发送波形
没有预加重 的接收波形
典型的IOB内部结构示意图
2.可配置逻辑块(CLB)
CLB是FPGA内的基本逻辑单元 .
CLB的实际数量和特性会依据器件的不同而不同,但是每 个CLB都包含一个可配置开关矩阵,此矩阵由选型电路(多 路复用器等)、触发器和4或6个输入组成。
典型的CLB结 构示意图
3. 数字时钟管理模块(DCM)
目前FPGA中多使用4输入的LUT,所以每一 个LUT可以看成是一个有4位地址线的RAM。当用 户通过原理图或HDL语言描述一个逻辑电路以后, PLD/FPGA开发软件会自动计算逻辑电路的所有可 能结果,并把真值表(即结果)写入RAM,这样,每 输入一个信号进行逻辑运算就等于输入一个地址去 进行查表,找出地址对应的内容,然后输出即可。
DLL简单模 型示意图
Xilinx DLL的典 型模型示意图
在FPGA设计中,消除时钟的传输延迟,实现高扇出 最简单的方法就是用DLL,把CLK0与CLKFB相连 即可。 利用一个DLL可以 实现2倍频输出

GW2A GW2AR系列FPGA产品原理图手册.pdf_1694991203.155603说明书

GW2A GW2AR系列FPGA产品原理图手册.pdf_1694991203.155603说明书

GW2A/GW2AR series of FPGA ProductsSchematic ManualIntroductionUsers should follow a series of rules during circuit board design when using the GW2A/GW2AR series of FPGA products. This manual describesthe characteristics and special features of GW2A/GW2AR series FPGAproducts and provides a comprehensive checklist to guide designprocesses. The main contents of this guide are as follows:●Power Supply●JTAG download●MSPI download●Clock pin●Difference pin●READY, RECONFIG_N, DONE●MODE●JTAGSEL_N●FASTRD_N●EXTR●Pin Multiplexing●Reference for the external crystal oscillator circuit●GW2AR Bank voltage●Supported configuration modes●Pin DistributionPower Supply1. OverviewVoltage types of the GW2A/GW2AR series of FPGA products include core voltage (V CC), PLL voltage (V CCPLL), auxiliary voltage (V CCX) and Bankvoltage (V CCIO).V CCX is an auxiliary power supply that is used to connect the internal part of the chip, with a 2.5V or 3.3V power supply. If no V CCX exists, I/O,OSC, and BSRAM circuits will be impacted and the chip will not befunctional.2. Power IndexUsers should ensure GOWINSEMI products are always used withinrecommended operating conditions and range. Data beyond the working conditions and range are for reference only. GOWINSEMI does notguarantee that all devices will operate as expected beyond the standard operating conditions and range.Table 1 lists the recommended working range for each power voltage.3. Total PowerFor specific density, packages, and resource utilization, GPA tools can be used to evaluate and analyze the power consumption.4. Power-on timeReference range of power-on time: 0.2 ms ~ 2 ms.Note!● If the power-on time is more than 2ms, you need to ensure that the power-on in sequence is V CC , and then V CCX /V CCIO ;●If the power-on time is less than 0.2ms, it is recommended to increase the capacitance to prolong the power-on time.5. Power FilterEach FPGA power input pin is connected to the ground with a 0.1uF ceramic capacitor.The input end of the V CC core voltage should primarily conduct the noise processing. Specific reference is as shown in Figure 1:Figure 1 Noise Processing of the Input End of the V CC Core VoltageGW2A/GW2AR series of FPGA products isolate and filter the V CCPLL . Specific reference is as shown in Figure 2:Figure 2 Isolate and Filter the V CCPLLFB is a magnetic bead, reference model mh2029-221Y , ceramic capacitance 4.7uF, 100nF and 10nF . It offers an accuracy of more than ±10%.JTAG Download1. OverviewJTAG download is used for downloading the bitstream data into the SRAM, on-chip flash or off-chip flash of the FPGA. 2. Signal Definition3. JTAG Circuit ReferenceFigure 3 JTAG Circuit ReferenceNote!● The resistance accuracy is not less than 5%;●The power supply of the 6th pin in the JTAG socket can be adjusted to VCC1P2, VCC1P5, VCC1P8 and VCC2P5 as required.MSPI Download1. OverviewAs a master device, the MSPI configuration mode reads theconfiguration data automatically from the off-chip flash and sends it to theFPGA SRAM.2. Signal Definition3. MSPI Circuit ReferenceFigure 4 MSPI Circuit ReferenceNote!The serial flash chip model is for reference only. Alternatively, serial flash storage with thesame index can be used. The resistance accuracy is not less than 5%.Clock Pin1. OverviewThe clock pins include GCLK global clock pins and PLL clock pins.GCLK: The GCLK pins in the GW2A/GW2AR series of FPGA products distribute in four quadrants. Each quadrant provides eight GCLK networks.The optional clock resources of the GCLK can be pins or CRU. Selectingthe clock from the dedicated I/Os can result in better timing.PLL: Frequency (multiply and division), phase, and duty cycle can be adjusted by configuring the parameters.2. Signal Definition3. Clock Input SelectionIf the external clock inputs as a PLL clock, the user is advised to input from the PLL dedicated pin. And the PLL_T end is selected if the externalclock inputs from the single-end.GCLK is the global clock and is directly connected to all resources in the device. The GCLK_T end is advised if the GCLK inputs from thesingle-end.Difference Pin1. OverviewDifferential transmission is a form of signal transmission technology that operates according to differences between the signal line and theground line. The differential transmit signals on these two lines, theamplitude of the two signals are equal and have the same phase butdemonstrate opposite polarity.2. LVDSLVDS is a low-voltage differential signal that offers low powerconsumption, low bit error rate, low crosstalk, and low radiation. Itfacilitates the transmission of data using a low-voltage swing high-speeddifferential. Different packages employ different signals. Please refer to theTrue LVDS section of the Package Pinout Manual for further details.Note!●All BANKs in the GW2A/GW2AR series of FPGA products support True LVDS output;●BANK0/1 in the GW2A/GW2AR series of FPGA products support 100 ohm differentialinput resistance;●If the BANK is used as the differential input, 100-ohm terminal resistance is needed;●The different line impedance of PCB is controlled at about 100 ohms. READY, RECONFIG_N, DONE1. OverviewRECONFIG_N is a reset function within the FPGA programming configuration. FPGA can't configure if RECONFIG_N is low.As a configuration pin, a low level signal with pulse width no less than 25ns is required to start GowinCONFIG to reload bitstream data accordingto the MODE setting value. You can control the pin via the write logic andtrigger the device to reconfigure.READY, the FPGA can configure only when the READY signal is high. The device should be restored by using the power on or triggering RECONFIG_N when the READY signal is low.As an output configuration pin, FPGA can be indicated for the current configuration state. If the device meets the configuration condition, READY signal is high. If the device fails to configure, the READY signal changes to low. As an input configuration pin, you can reduce the READY signal via its own logic or manually operate outside the device to delay configuration.DONE, the DONE signal indicates that the FPGA is configured successfully. The signal is high after successful configuration.As an output configuration pin, FPGA can be indicated whether the current configuration is successful. If configured successfully, DONE is high, and the device enters into a working state. If the device failed to configure, the DONE signal remains low. For the input type, the user can reduce the READY signal via its own internal logic or manually operate outside the device to delay progression to user mode.When the RECONFIG_N or READY signals is low. The DONE signal is low. DONE has no influence when SRAM is configuried through the JTAG circuit.2. Signal Definition3. Reference CircuitFigure 5 Reference CircuitNote!●The upper pull power supply is the bank voltage value of the corresponding pin;●The resistance accuracy is not less than ± 5%.MODE1. OverviewMODE spans the MODE0, MODE1, MODE2, and GowinCONFIG configuration MODE modes. When the FPGA powers on or a low pulsetriggers the RECONFIG_N mode, the device enters the correspondingGowinCONFIG state according to the MODE value. As the number of pinsfor each package is different, some MODE pins are not all packaged, andthe unpacked MODE pins are grounded inside. Please refer to thecorresponding PINOUT manual for further details.2. Signal Definition3. Mode SelectionJTAGSEL_N1. OverviewSelect the signal in JTAG mode. If the JTAG pin is set as GPIO in Gowin software, the JTAG pin is changed to GPIO pin after being poweredon and successfully configured. The JTAG pin can be recovered byreducing the JTAGSEL_N. The JTAG configuration functions are alwaysavailable if no JTAG pin multiplexing is set.2. Signal DefinitionNote!As GPIO, the JTAGSEL_N pin and the four pins (TCK, TMS, TDI, and TDO) configuredwith JTAG are mutual exclusive;●If JTAGSEL_N is set to GPIO, the JTAG pin can only be used as a configuration pin;●If JTAG is set to GPIO, the JTAGSEL_N pin can only be used as a configuration pin.FASTRD_N1. OverviewIn MSPI configuration mode, signals are selected via reading the SPI flash speed rate. FASTRD_N is normal read mode if high level; FASTRD_Nis high speed read mode if low level. Each manufacturer's flash high speedread instruction is different. Please refer to the corresponding flash datamanual.2. Signal DefinitionNote!In the high-speed flash access mode: the clock frequency is greater than 30MHz. EXTREXTR is a dedicated pin that needs to be connected to the ground with 10K resistance. The resistance precision is 1%.Specific reference is as shown in:Figure 6 EXTR Pin ConfigurationThe resistance accuracy is ±1%.Pin Multiplexing1. OverviewConfigure pin multiplexing refers to configuring during power-on, which is used as a normal I/O after downloading the bitstream file.Configure pin multiplex via the Gowin software:a). Open the corresponding project in Gowin software;b). Select “Project > Configuration > Dual Purpose Pin” from the menuoptions, as shown in Figure 7;c). Check the corresponding option to set the pin multiplex.Figure 8 Pin Multiplex2. Pin Multiplexing● SSPI: As a GPIO, SSPI can be used as input or output type;●MSPI: As a GPIO, MSPI can be used as input or output type; ● RECONFIG_N GPIO can only be used as an output type. Forsmooth configuration, set the initial value of RECONFIG_N as high when multiplexing it.●READY: As a GPIO, READY can be used as an input or output. Asan input GPIO for READY, the initial value of READY should be 1before configuring. Otherwise, the FPGA will fail to configure;●DONE: As a GPIO, DONE can be used as an input or output type.If DONE is used as an input GPIO, the initial value of DONE shouldbe 1 before configuring. Otherwise, the FPGA will fail to enter theuser mode after configuring;●JTAG: As a GPIO, JTAG can be used as an input or output type;●JTAGSEL_N: As a GPIO, JTAGSEL_N can be used as an input oroutput type.●DONE: As a GPIO, JTAG can be used as an input or output type. Inorder to smoothly configure, the user multiplexes the MODE pin,the correct configuration mode value is needed to provided duringconfiguration (power-on or low-level pulse triggers RECONFIG_N).Less than three pins can be multiplexed in the MODE. Unpackagedproducts are grounded internally. Please refer to PINOUT manualof the corresponding device for details. For the MODE valuecorresponding to different configuration modes, please refer to thecorresponding device configuration and programming manual.Note!If the Number of I/O ports are sufficient, use non-multiplexed pins first. FPGA External Crystal Oscillator Circuit ReferenceFigure 9 FPGA External Crystal Oscillator Circuitthan ±5% resistance accuracy, and more than ±10% capacitance accuracy.GW2AR Bank VoltageDue to the SIP SDRAM is in the GW2AR, the BANK voltage connected with it will have a fixed value, which is as follows:1. GW2AR-18 QN88 Package2. GW2AR-18 LQ144 Package3. GW2AR-18 LQ176 PackageSupported Configuration Modes1. GW2A-182. GW2A-553. GW2AR-18Pin DistributionBefore designing circuits, users should take the overall FPGA pin distribution needs into consideration and make informed decisions relatedto the application of the device architecture features, including I/O LOGIC,global clock resources, PLL resources, etc.All banks of the GW2A/GW2AR bank support true LVDS output. When using true LVDS output, V CCO shall be configured to 2.5 V or 3.3 V, andrefer to GW2A/GW2AR series FPGA Product Pinout to ensure that thecorresponding pins support true LVDS output.To support SSTL, HSTL, etc., each bank also provides oneindependent voltage source (V REF) as the reference voltage. Users canchoose V REF from the internal reference voltage of the bank (0.5 x VCCO)or external reference voltage V REF using any I/O from the bank.Support and FeedbackGowin Semiconductor provides customers with comprehensivetechnical support. If you have any questions, comments, or suggestions,please feel free to contact us directly using the information provided below.Website: E-mail: *********************Tel: 00 86 0755 ********Copyright©2018 Guangdong Gowin Semiconductor Corporation. All Rights Reserved.No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any denotes, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written consent of GOWINSEMI.DisclaimerGOWINSEMI®, LittleBee®, Arora™, and the GOWINSEMI logos are trademarks of GOWINSEMI and are registered in China, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and other countries. All other words and logos identified as trademarks or service marks are the property of their respective holders, as described at . GOWINSEMI assumes no liability and provides no warranty (either expressed or implied) and is not responsible for any damage incurred to your hardware, software, data, or property resulting from usage of the materials or intellectual property except as outlined in the GOWINSEMI Terms and Conditions of Sale. All information in this document should be treated as preliminary. GOWINSEMI may make changes to this document at any time without prior notice. Anyone relying on this documentation should contact GOWINSEMI for the current documentation and errata.Mouser ElectronicsAuthorized DistributorClick to View Pricing, Inventory, Delivery & Lifecycle Information:G OWIN Semiconductor:GW2A-LV18LQ144C8/I7GW2A-LV18PG256C7/I6GW2A-LV18PG256C8/I7GW2A-LV18PG484C7/I6GW2A-LV18PG484C8/I7GW2A-LV18EQ144C8/I7GW2A-LV55PG484C8/I7GW2A-LV55PG484C9/I8GW2A-LV55UG324C8/I7GW2A-LV18PG484C9/I8GW2A-LV18QN88A6GW2A-LV18QN88C7/I6GW2A-LV18QN88C8/I7 GW2A-LV18UG324C9/I8GW2A-LV55PG484A6GW2A-LV18MG196C8/I7GW2A-LV18PG256C9/I8GW2A-LV18PG256CC8/I7GW2A-LV18PG256CC9/I8GW2A-LV18PG256SC7/I6GW2A-LV18PG256SC8/I7。

基于原理图的十进制计数器的设计(FPGA)

基于原理图的十进制计数器的设计(FPGA)

实验一:基于原理图的十进制计数器设计一、 实验目的:1. 熟悉和掌握ISE Foudation 软件的使用;2. 掌握基于原理图进行FPGA 设计开发的全流程;3. 理解和掌握“自底向上”的层次化设计方法;4. 温习数字电路设计的基础知识。

二、 实验原理:完成一个具有数显输出的十进制计数器设计,原理图如图2.1所示。

图2.1 十进制计数器原理图本实验为完成设计,采用了自底向上的设计流程。

自底向上设计是一种设计程序的过程和方法,是在设计具有层次结构的大型程序时,先设计一些较下层的程序,即去解决问题的各个不同的小部分,然后把这些部分组合成为完整的程序。

自底向上设计是从底层(具体部件)开始的,实际中无论是取用已有模块还是自行设计电路,其设计成本和开发周期都优于自顶向下法;但由于设计是从最底层开始的,所以难以保证总体设计的最佳性,例如电路结构不优化、能够共用的器件没有共用。

在现代许多设计中,是混合使用自顶向下法和自顶向上法的,因为混合应用可能会取得更好的设计效果。

一般来说,自顶向下设计方法适用于设计各种规模的数字系统,而自底向上的设计方法则更适用于设计小型数字系统。

十进制计数器七段数码管显示译码器使能控制端时钟端 异步清零端FPGA1、七段数码管译码器的设计七段数码管属于数码管的一种,是由7段二极管组成。

按发光二极管单元衔接方式分为共阳极数码管和共阴极数码管。

本实验使用共阴数码管。

它是指将一切发光二极管的阴极接到一同构成公共阴极(COM)的数码管。

共阴数码管在应用时应将公共极COM接到地线GND上,当某一字段发光二极管的阳极为高电平相应字段就点亮,当某一字段的阳极为低电平相应字段就不亮。

显示译码器,一般是将一种编码译成十进制码或特定的编码,并通过显示器件将译码器的状态显示出来。

根据显示的要求,可以得到七段显示译码器产生的各段LED输出与输入的二进制对应关系:表2.1七段字符显示真值表最小项译码器输出能产生输入变量的所有最小项,而任何一个组合逻辑函数都可以变换为最小项之和的标准形式,故采用译码器和门电路可实现任何单输出或多输出的组合逻辑函数。

FPGA原理图方式设计流程

FPGA原理图方式设计流程

F PG A原理图方式设计流程Revised by Petrel at 20212Q u a r t u s I I软件的使用、开发板的使用本章将通过3个完整的例子,一步一步的手把手的方式完成设计。

完成这3个设计,并得到正确的结果,将会快速、有效的掌握在AlteraQuartusII软件环境下进行FPGA设计与开发的方法、流程,并熟悉开发板的使用。

2.1原理图方式设计3-8译码器一、设计目的1、通过设计一个3-8译码器,掌握祝组合逻辑电路设计的方法。

2、初步了解QuartusII采用原理图方式进行设计的流程。

3、初步掌握FPGA开发的流程以及基本的设计方法、基本的仿真分析方法。

二、设计原理三、设计内容四、设计步骤1、建立工程文件1)双击桌面上的QuartusII的图标运行此软件。

开始界面2)选择File下拉菜单中的NewProjectWizard,新建一个工程。

如图所示。

新建工程向导3)点击图中的next进入工作目录。

新建工程对话框4)第一个输入框为工程目录输入框,用来指定工程存放路径,建议可根据自己需要更改路径,若直接使用默认路径,可能造成默认目录下存放多个工程文件影响自己的设计,本步骤结束后系统会有提示(当然你可不必理会,不会出现错误的)。

第二个输入框为工程名称输入框。

第三个输入框为顶层实体名称输入框,一般情况下保证工程名称与顶层实体名称相同。

设定完成后点击next。

指定工程路径、名称5)设计中需要包含的其它设计文件,在此对话框中不做任何修改,直接点击next。

工程所需其它文件对话框6)在弹出的对话框中进行器件的选择。

在DeviceFamily框中选用CycloneII,然后在Availabledevice框中选择EP2C35F484C8,点击next进入下一步。

器件选择界面7)下面的对话框提示可以勾选其它的第三方EDA设计、仿真的工具,暂时不作任何选择,在对话框中按默认选项,点击next。

FPGA 开发板原理图 EP1C3T144C8

FPGA 开发板原理图 EP1C3T144C8
1
2
U1
1 2 3
A1 A2 A3
VCC
7 4
SCL WP SDA GND
AT24C16
8 +3.3V
6 AT24_SCL 5 AT24_SDA
A
+3.3V R2 4.7K
+3.3V R3 4.7K
AT 24 _SCL AT 24 _SD A
3
4
5
6
7
8
D1 LED1
D2
R5
LED
LED2
D3 LED
GND GND
22 23
MSEL 0 MSEL 1
nCE
21 20
nCE n CE O
U3D EP1C3T144C8
16 17
16 17
CLK0, LVDS CLK1p CLK1, LVDS CLK1n
CLK2, LVDS CLK2p CLK3, LVDS CLK2n
93 CLKIN 92 92
VDDA_1.2V +1.2V
EP1C3T144C8 U3B
+3.3V
DATA 13
TDI 95 TDO 90 TCK 88 TMS 89
DATA0
TDI TDO TCK TMS
DCLK CONF_DONE
nCONFIG nSTATUS
24 86 14 87
DCL K nCONF_DOWN nCONFIG nSTATUS
R11 4.7K
6 8
9 C3
12 C4
72 UART_RXD0 72
71
71
70 UART_TXD0 70
69
69
68

FPGA第三讲——产生PWM、SPWM波(课堂PPT)

FPGA第三讲——产生PWM、SPWM波(课堂PPT)
1.单路PWM发生器结构和原理 图2是实现的单路PWM硬件结构框图。 CPU通过数据线向FPGA写入定时常数控 制PWM的频率、初始相位和占空比,并通过外部启动信号控制PWM的启动。
4
系统的工作过程: 采用50M时钟脉冲信号作为PWM生成器的时钟信号。首先 CPU计 算出所需要输出 PWM 的频率,初始相位和占空比信息,通过数据线向FPGA 内部寄 存器写入以上信息,并通过外部启动信号控制PWM的启动。
❖ #include <stdio.h>
❖ #include "math.h"
❖ main()
❖ {int i;float s;
❖ for(i=0;i<1024;i++)
❖ { s = sin(atan(1)*8*i/1024);

printf("%d : %d;\n",i,(int)((s+1)*1023/2));
12
宏功能模块与IP应用 Altera提供多种方法来获取Altera Megafunction Partners Program(AMPP™)和 MegaCore®宏功能模块,这些函数经严格的测试和优化,可以在Altera特定器件 结构中发挥出最佳性能。可以使用这些知识产权的参数化模块减少设计和测试的 时间。MegaCore和AMPP宏功能模块包括应用于通信、数字信号处理(DSP)、 PCI和其它总线界面,以及存储器控制器中的宏功能模块。
❖}
❖}
❖ 把上述程序编译成程序后,可在 DOS 命令行下执行命令:
❖ romgen > sin_rom.mif;
❖ 将生成 sin_rom.mif 文件, 再加上.mif 文件的头部说明即可。 romgen 假设是编译后的程 序名。

CPLD-FPGA 结构与原理

CPLD-FPGA 结构与原理

CPLD/FPGA 结构与原理/advance/structures/lut.htm一.基于乘积项(Product-Term)的PLD结构采用这种结构的PLD芯片有:Altera的MAX7000,MAX3000系列(EEPROM工艺),Xilinx的XC9500系列(Flash工艺)和Lattice,Cypress的大部分产品(EEPROM工艺)我们先看一下这种PLD的总体结构(以MAX7000为例,其他型号的结构与此都非常相似):图1 基于乘积项的PLD内部结构这种PLD可分为三块结构:宏单元(Marocell),可编程连线(PIA)和I/O控制块。

宏单元是PLD的基本结构,由它来实现基本的逻辑功能。

图1中蓝色部分是多个宏单元的集合(因为宏单元较多,没有一一画出)。

可编程连线负责信号传递,连接所有的宏单元。

I/O控制块负责输入输出的电气特性控制,比如可以设定集电极开路输出,摆率控制,三态输出等。

图1 左上的INPUT/GCLK1,INPUT/GCLRn,INPUT/OE1,INPUT/OE2 是全局时钟,清零和输出使能信号,这几个信号有专用连线与PLD中每个宏单元相连,信号到每个宏单元的延时相同并且延时最短。

宏单元的具体结构见下图:图2 宏单元结构左侧是乘积项阵列,实际就是一个与或阵列,每一个交叉点都是一个可编程熔丝,如果导通就是实现“与”逻辑。

后面的乘积项选择矩阵是一个“或”阵列。

两者一起完成组合逻辑。

图右侧是一个可编程D触发器,它的时钟,清零输入都可以编程选择,可以使用专用的全局清零和全局时钟,也可以使用内部逻辑(乘积项阵列)产生的时钟和清零。

如果不需要触发器,也可以将此触发器旁路,信号直接输给PIA或输出到I/O脚。

二.乘积项结构PLD的逻辑实现原理下面我们以一个简单的电路为例,具体说明PLD是如何利用以上结构实现逻辑的,电路如下图:图3假设组合逻辑的输出(AND3的输出)为f,则f=(A+B)*C*(!D)=A*C*!D + B*C*!D ( 我们以!D表示D的“非”)PLD将以下面的方式来实现组合逻辑f:图4A,B,C,D由PLD芯片的管脚输入后进入可编程连线阵列(PIA),在内部会产生A,A反,B,B反,C,C反,D,D反8个输出。

GW2AGW2AR系列FPGA产品原理图指导手册

GW2AGW2AR系列FPGA产品原理图指导手册

GW2A/GW2AR系列FPGA产品原理图指导手册简介使用高云半导体GW2A/GW2AR系列FPGA产品做电路板设计时需遵循一系列规则。

本文档详细描述了GW2A/GW2AR系列FPGA产品相关的一些器件特性和特殊用法,并给出校对表用于指导原理图设计,主要内容如下:●电源●JTAG下载●MSPI下载●时钟管脚●差分管脚●READY、RECONFIG_N、DONE●MODE●JTAGSEL_N●FASTRD_N●EXTR●配置管脚复用●外接晶振电路参考●GW2AR Bank电压●各器件支持的配置模式●管脚分配电源1.概述GW2A/GW2AR系列FPGA产品电压种类包括V CC核电压、V CCPLL锁相环电压、V CCX辅助电压和V CCIO Bank电压。

V CCX为辅助电源,用于给芯片内部部分电路供电,需要接2.5V或者3.3V 电压,如果V CCX电压不接,会影响IO、OSC、BSRAM等电路工作,造成芯片无法使用。

2.电源指标建议在推荐的工作条件及工作范围内使用高云器件,超出工作条件及工作范围的数据仅供参考,高云半导体不保证所有器件都能在超出工作条件及工作范围的情况下正常工作。

表1列出了各电源电压的推荐工作范围。

3.总体功耗针对特定密度、封装和资源利用率,可以使用云源软件内嵌的GPA工具进行功耗评估和分析。

4.上电时间电源上电时间参考范围值:0.2ms ~2ms。

注!●如果上电时间>2ms,则需要确保上电顺序为先V CC,后V CCX/V CCIO;●如果上电时间<0.2ms,建议增加电容以延长上电时间。

5.电源滤波每一个FPGA电源输入脚就近连接一个0.1uF陶瓷电容到地;对于VCC核电压输入端要重点进行噪声处理,具体参考如图1所示:图 1 VCC核电压输入端噪声处理V1P0VCCFBC4.7uFGW2A/GW2AR系列FPGA产品需要对V CCPLL隔离滤波,具体参考如图2所示:图2隔离滤波V CCPLLV1P0VCCPLLFBC4.7uF C C 100nF10nF其中FB为磁珠,参考型号MH2029-221Y,4.7uF、100nF、10nF均为陶瓷电容,精度不低于±10%。

FPGA的基本原理详细+入门 ppt课件

FPGA的基本原理详细+入门 ppt课件

十二、FPGA的功耗
十三、FPGA的利用率
十四、FPGA中的RAM
十五、FPGA的JTAG接口
十六、FPGA的设计安全性
十七、 FPGA的设计流程
2十02八1/3、/26 FPGA的选用 FPGA的基本原理详细+入门 ppt课
1

一、什么是FPGA?
(一)、 什么是PLD?
l PLD 即Programmable Logic Device,称为可编程逻辑器件。按照制造 工 艺 、 编 程 方 式 、 结 构 、 规 模 的 不 同 可 分 为 PAL 、 GAL 、 EPLD 、 CPLD等不同种类。
l 这种逆熔丝开关的面积很小,大约9um2,电阻较小(电阻与 编程电压有关),电容很小,10fF(1.2um工艺)。
2、 采用浮栅编程技术的编程单元
浮栅编程技术采用悬浮栅存储电荷的方法来保存数据,在断电时存 储数据不丢失。包括三种:
l EPROM:紫外线擦除、电编程。
l EEPROM:一次可擦一个字
-1 比std快15%
–2 比std快25%
-3 比std快35%
2021/3/26
FPGA的基本原理详细+入门 ppt课
18

八、 FPGA内部逻辑模块数及触发器数
• 内部模块数
A54SX32A :2880,CC:1800,RC:1080,D:1980
• 每个逻辑模块所含触发器的个数
ACTEL:1个 XILINX:2个
2021/3/26
FPGA的基本原理详细+入门 ppt课
11

• ACT1模块是如何实现三输入与门的?
GND Y
Y A B C

基于FPGA的8位加法器原理图和文本设计法

基于FPGA的8位加法器原理图和文本设计法

END ad de r s ;
A R C H IT E C T U R E S O F a dd e r 8 IS
S IG N A IJ S I N T : IN T E GE R R A N G E O
科技资讯 SCI〔 NC〔 & 1 〔 NOLOGY IN「 日 - ION - C日 0 MAI
A LL ; EN T IT Y a d d er 8 IS
当在库中 找不到库元件时, 用VHDL等硬件描 述语言 的文本输入法将是最好的选择, 当然还 有很多时候, 我们用到原理图和文本输入法结
合来设计电路 。
Ol ; T PORT(CIN :IN 5 2
INTEGER RANGE O
参考文献
【 华成英.数字电子技术基础. 高等教育出版 ] 1 社, 1998. 1 江国强. EDA 技术与应用. 北京: 电子工 ] 2 业出版社, , 2004 8. 仁 谭会生. EDA 技术综合应用实例与分析. ] 3 西安: 西安电子科技大学出版社, 2004 .
出不同的选择, 当库中提供了库元件的话 , 为 了显示的直观, 我们可以采用原理图输入法;
2 原理图 输入方式
原理图输入, 这是一种最直接的设计输入 方式, 它使用软件系统提供的器件库及各种符 号和连线画出设计电路的原理图, 形成图形输 人文件。这种方式大多用在设计者对系统及 各部分电路很熟悉或系统对设计特性要求较 高的场合。优点是容易实现仿真, 便于信号 的观察和电路的调整。 由于MAX+PLUS l软件的宏函数库种有 l 8 位加法器的元件, 这样我们只要调用出这个 s f a d d 元件, 再加上输入、输出即可。整体 设计如图 1 。 图 1 中, a[7二0]和b[7二0]是两个8 位的二

FPGA_原理图输入方法

FPGA_原理图输入方法
出来
图4-6 选择最后实现本项设计的目标器件
图4-7 对工程文件进行编译、综合和适配等操作
选择编译器
编译窗
消去Quartus适配操作
选择此项
消去这里的勾
完成编译!
步骤5:时序仿真
首先选择此项, 为仿真测试新 建一个文件
选择波形 编辑器文件
(1) 建立波形文件。
从SNF文件中 输入设计文件
的信号节点
图4-10 在Options菜单中消去网格对齐Snap to Grid的选择(消去对勾)
(4) 设定仿真时间。
选择END TIME 调整仿真时间
区域。
图4-11 设定仿真时间
选择60微秒 比较合适
(5) 加上输入信号。
(6) 波形文件存盘。
用此键改变仿真 区域坐标到合适
位置。
点击‘1’,使拖黑 的电平为高电平
图4-30 测频时序控制电路
图4-31 测频时序控制电路工作波形
4.2.4 频率计顶层电路设计
图4-32 频率计顶层电路原理图(文件:ft_top.gdf)
图4-33 频率计工作时序波形
4.2.5 设计项目的其他信息和资源配置
(1) 了解设计项目的结构层次
图4-34 频率计ft_top项目的设计层次
(2) 计数器电路实现
图4-25 调出元件74390
图4-26 从Help中了解74390的详细功能
(3) 波形仿真
图4-27 两位十进制计数器工作波形
4.2.2 频率计主结构电路设计
图4-28 两位十进制频率计顶层设计原理图文件
图4-29 两位十进制频率计测频仿真波形
4.2.3 测频时序控制电路设计
4.3 参数可设置LPM兆功能块
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VCCA_PLL1 GNDA_PLL1 GND55 IO/LVDS77n IO/LVDS77p IO/LVDS76p IO/LVDS76n IO/LVDS75p IO/LVDS75n VCCIO4_62 IO/LVDS74p IO/LVDS74n GND65 VCCINT_66 IO/VREFB4N1 IO/LVDS70p IO/LVDS70n IO/LVDS68p VCCIO4_71 IO/LVDS68n GND73 IO/LVDS67p IO/LVDS67n IO/LVDS66p IO/LVDS66n GND78 VCCINT_79 IO80 IO/LVDS64p IO/LVDS64n VCCIO4_83 IO/LVDS63p GND85 IO/LVDS63n IO/LVDS62p IO/LVDS62n IO/VREFB4N0 IO/LVDS61p VCCIO4_91 IO/LVDS61n GND93 IO/LVDS60p IO/LVDS60n IO96 IO/LVDS59p VCCIO4_98 IO/LVDS59n GND100 IO/LVDS58p IO/LVDS58n IO/LVDS57p IO/LVDS57n
SW6
7SEGDP
SW7 SW8
3
D10
CONF-DONE
CLCD_D0 CLCD_D1
CLCD_D0 CLCD_D1 CLCD_D2 CLCD_D3 CLCD_D4 CLCD_D5 CLCD_D6 CLCD_D7 CLCD_RS CLCD_EN CLCD_RW
3V3
FLASH_nOE SRAM_nOE SRAM_nBHE SRAM_nBLE SRAM_nWE SRAM_nCE FLASH_nCE
3V3 U10
156 155 154 153 152 151 150 149 148 147 146 145 144 143 142 141 140 139 138 137 136 135 134 133 132 131 130 129 128 127 126 125 124 123 122 121 120 119 118 117 116 115 114 113 112 111 110 109 108 107 106 105 8 7 3 4 VCC3 VCC2 VCC1 GND
GCLK4 GCLK5
E_CLKOUT1 E_CLKOUT2
DRAM_CKE DRAM_CLK DRAM_DQM1
53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104
GCLK0
KEY2 nCONFIG KEY3 KEY1 LED2 LED3
E
C
1V2
R29
R30
nSTATUS
R31
CLCD_D7 CLCD_D6 CLCD_D5 CLCD_D4 CLCD_D3 CLCD_D2 CLCD_D1 CLCD_D0 CLCD_EN CLCD_RW CLCD_RS E_CLKOUT2 E_CLKOUT1
DRAM_CKE DRAM_CLK DRAM_DQM1
7SEGD 7SEGE 7SEGF 7SEGG
IR LED4 LED5 LED6 LED7 7SEGA
7SEGB 7SEGC
7SEG1 7SEG2 7SEG3 7SEG4
7SEG5 7SEG6 7SEG7
7SEG8
SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4 SW5
G1
G2 B0 B1
FB2
FB1 PLLVCC1
A20
A21
A22 A19 A18
1V2 60
3V3
C31 10u
1V2 60
C29 10u
PLLVCC2 C28 0.1u A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 A16 A17 A18 A19 A20 A21 A22
5
4
3
2
1
1V2
SDDATA2 SDDATA3 SDCMD SDCLK SDDATA0 SDDATA1 R0 R1 R2 G0 HSYNC VSYNC
FLASH_nWE
PLLVCC2
1V2
A17 A16 A15
DRAM_DQM1 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12
A14 A13 DRAM_CKE DRAM_CLK
3V3
D
IO/LVDS16n IO/LVDS16p IO/LVDS17n/DEV_CLRn IO/LVDS17p GND204 IO/LVDS18p VCCIO2_202 IO/LVDS18n IO/LVDS19p IO/LVDS19n IO/LVDS21p IO/LVDS21n GND196 IO/LVDS23p VCCIO2_194 IO/LVDS23n IO/VREFB2N1 IO/LVDS24p VCCINT190 IO/LVDS24n IO/LVDS25p IO/LVDS25n GND186 IO/LVDS26p GND184 VCCIO2_183 IO/LVDS28p IO/LVDS28n IO//LVDS29p IO/LVDS29n VCCINT178 GND177 IO/LVDS31p IO/LVDS31n GND174 IO/LVDS33p VCCIO2_172 IO/LVDS33n IO/VREFB2N0 IO/LVDS34p IO_LVDS34n GND167 VCCIO2_166 IO/LVDS35p IO/LVDS35n IO/LVDS36p IO/LVDS36n IO/LVDS37p IO/LVDS37n GND159 GNDA_PLL2 VCCA_PLL2
IO/ASDO IO/nCSO IO/LVDS15p/CRC_ERROR IO/LVDS15n/CLKUSR IO/LVDS14p IO/LVDS14n VCCIO1_7 IO/LVDS13p GND9 IO/LVDS13n IO/LVDS12p IO/LVDS12n IO/VREFB1N0 IO/LVDS8p IO/LVDS8n TDO TMS TCK TDI DATA0 DCLK nCE CLK0/LVDSCLK0p/input CLK1/LVDSCLK0n/input GND25 nCONFIG CLK2/LVDSCLK1p/input CLK3 LVDSCLK1n/input VCCIO1_29 IO/LVDS7p IO/LVDS7n VCCINT_32 IO/LVDS6n IO34 IO/LVDS5p GND36 IO/VREFB1N1 GND38 IO/LVDS3n IO/LVDS2p IO/LVDS2n VCCIO1 IO43 IO/LVDS0p IO/LVDS0n IO46 IO/PLL1_OUTp IO/PLL1_OUTn GND49 GND_PLL1_50 VCCD_PLL1_51 GND_PLL1_52
1V2
1V2
3
D5
nCONFIG
3V3
CLCD_D2 CLCD_D3 CLCD_D4 CLCD_D5 CLCD_D6 CLCD_D7 CLCD_RS CLCD_EN CLCD_RW
3
D8
DATAO
3V3 1V2
A
3V3
C33 C34 C32 C35 C21 C20 C18 C17 C16 C19
3
D6
PLLVCC2 D15 D14 D13 A12 A11 A9 A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 A10
R25
R26
3V3 3V3 CON8
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 con5h2-2_54_90o
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 D13 D14 D15
A[0..22]
C30 0.1u
D
208 207 206 205 204 203 202 201 200 199 198 197 196 195 194 193 192 191 190 189 188 187 186 185 184 183 182 181 180 179 178 177 176 175 174 173 172 171 170 169 168 167 166 165 164 163 162 161 160 159 158 157
B
PLLVCC1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52
BANK2
PLL2
Cቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
EP2C5/EP2C8
PLL1 BANK4
GND_PLL2_156 VCCD_PLL2_155 GND_PLL2_154 GND153 IO/PLL2_OUTn IO/PLL2_OUTp IO/LVDS38p IO/LVDS38n VCCIO3_148 IO/LVDS39p IO/LVDS39n IO/VREFB3N0 IO/LVDS42p IO/LVDS42n IO/LVDS44p IO/LVDS44n GND140 IO/LVDS45p IO/LVDS45n IO/LVDS46p VCCIO3_136 IO/LVDS46n IO/LVDS47p IO/LVDS47n CLK4/LVDSCLK2p/input CLK5/LVDSCLK2n/input CLK6/LVDSCLK3p/input CLK7/LVDSCLK3n/input IO/LVDS48p IO/LVDS48n MSEL0 MSEL1 GND124 CONF_DONE/CONF_DONE VCCIO3_122 nSTATUS/nSTATUS VCCINT120 GND119 IO118 IO/VREFB3N1 IO/LVDS51p IO/LVDS51n IO/LVDS52p IO/LVDS52n IO/LVDS53p GND111 IO/LVDS53n VCCIO3 IO/LVDS54p/nCEO IO/LVDS54n/INIT_DONE IO/LVDS56p IO/LVDS56n
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