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Unit 1 Happy Family Life
Speaking
Topic 1春节词汇Spring Festival Words
节日名Greeting season
春节The Spring Festival
农历lunar calendar
正月lunar January; the first month by lunar calendar
除夕New Year's Eve; eve of lunar New Year
初一the beginning of New Year
元宵节The Lantern Festival
习俗Customs
过年Guo-nian; have the Spring Festival 对联poetic couplet: two successive rhyming lines in poetry 春联Spring Festival couplets
剪纸paper-cuts
年画New Year paintings
买年货special purchases for the Spring Festival ; do Spring Festival shopping
敬酒propose a toast
灯笼lantern: a portable light
烟花fireworks
爆竹firecrackers (People scare off evil spirits and ghosts with the loud pop.)
舞狮lion dance (The lion is believed to be able to dispel evil and bring good luck.)
舞龙dragon dance (to expect good weather and good harvests)
戏曲traditional opera
杂耍variety show; vaudeville
灯谜riddles written on lanterns
灯会exhibit of lanterns
守岁staying-up
拜年pay New Year's call; give New Year's greetings; New Year's visit
禁忌taboo
去晦气get rid of the ill- fortune
祭祖宗offer sacrifices to one's ancestors
压岁钱red envelopes/red packets/a cash gift; gift money; money given to children as lunar New Year gift
辞旧岁bid farewell to the old year
扫房spring cleaning; general house-cleaning
祝福语Blessings
金玉满堂Treasures fill the home
生意兴隆Business flourishes 岁岁平安Peace all year round
恭喜发财Wishing you prosperity
和气生财Harmony brings wealth
心想事成May all your wishes come true 吉祥如意Everything goes well
国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace
招财进宝Money and treasures will be plentiful
一帆风顺Wishing you every success
步步高升Promoting to a higher position 出入平安Safe trip wherever you go
祝您新的一年快乐幸福！Wish you happiness and prosperity in the coming year!
祝您事业成功，家庭美满Wish you success in your career and happiness of your family!
食品Food
年糕Nian-gao; rise cake; New Year cake
团圆饭family reunion dinner
年夜饭the dinner on New Year's Eve
饺子Jiao-zi; Chinese meat ravioli
汤圆Tang-yuan; dumplings made of sweet rice, rolled into balls and stuffed with either sweet or spicy fillings
糖果盘candy tray
什锦糖assorted candies - sweet and fortune
蜜冬瓜candied winter melon - growth and good health
金桔cumquat - prosperity
糖莲子candied lotus seed - many descendents to come
糖藕candied lotus root - fulfilling love relationship
红枣red dates - prosperity
花生糖peanut candy - sweet
Traditions and cultures of Spring Festival
The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees.
The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the people's sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.
Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government
now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year.
Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened.
On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many families make laba porridge, a delicious kind of porridge made with glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Job's tears, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko.
The 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time, people offer sacrifice to the kitchen god. Now however, most families make delicious food to enjoy themselves.
After the Preliminary Eve, people begin preparing for the coming New Year. This is called "Seeing the New Year in".
Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing.
Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils.
Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners' wishes for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god
of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.
The Chinese character "fu" (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the "reversed fu" is homophonic with "fu comes", both being pronounced as "fudaole." What's more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.
People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively "ji", "yu" and "doufu," mean auspiciousness, abundance and richness. After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay up to see the New Year in.
Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think "jiaozi" in sound means "bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new". Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure.
Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means "higher and higher, one year after another." The first five days after the Spring Festival are a good time for relatives, friends, and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange greetings, gifts and chat leisurely. Burning fireworks was once the most typical custom on the Spring Festival. People thought the spluttering sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, such an activity was completely or partially forbidden in big cities once the government took security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. As a replacement, some buy tapes with firecracker sounds to listen to, some break little balloons to get the sound too, while others buy firecracker handicrafts to hang in the living room.
The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets and lanes.
A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished.
China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs.
Useful words and expressions
family 家庭spouse 配偶single单身life span 寿命marriage life 婚姻生活bachelor 单身汉spinster 老处女courtship 求爱lad 少年, 少女female friend 女性朋友play house 过家家play hide-and-seek 捉迷藏puppy love 初恋friendship 友谊engagement 订婚fiancé未婚夫fiancée 未婚妻wedding ceremony 婚礼honeymoon 蜜月newlyweds 新婚夫妇husband 丈夫
wife 妻子happiness 幸福mother-in-law 婆婆dowry 嫁妆mama`s boy 没有男子气概的男人uxorious 疼爱妻子的twin 双胞胎daughter 女儿son 儿子maternal 母亲的paternal 父亲的children 子女parental 父母亲的filial 子女的divorce 离婚consolation money 抚慰金alimony 抚养费single parent 单亲fall in love 恋爱fight for divorce 提请离婚诉讼widow 寡妇widower 鳏夫separation 分居bridesmaid 女傧相best man 男傧相monogamy 一夫一妻制in laws 姻亲family tree 家谱ancestors 祖先descendant 后代
1. 跟别人要钱mooch off someone
我最讨厌跟别人要钱的人了。

I feel sick of those who mooch off others.
2. 钱挣海了coin money
这几年老张的钱挣海了。

谁也没料到他会发这么大的财。

Lao Zhang is coining money these few years. Who can ever expect he would be able to make bundles like this!
3. 钱多得花不完have money to burn
老李的钱多得花不完，要不他敢这么挥霍？
Lao Li has money to burn. Otherwise, how could he splash his money about like anything?
4. 钱能生钱money begets money
钱能生钱。

没本钱又怎能挣大钱那？
Money begets money. Without money in hand, how can you make bundles?
5. 没钱be broke
我手头没钱了，咱们别到外面去吃了
I don’t want to eat out today. I’m broke.
6. 钱来之不易money doesn’t grow on trees
你不应该如此挥霍。

钱来之不易阿！
You should not splash your money about like this. Money doesn’t grow on trees.
7. 敲竹杠a clip joint
那可是一家漫天要价，大敲竹杠的商店阿
That shop is plain a clip joint!
8. 生活很富裕be well fixed
自从中国对外开放以后，有些农民也成了企业家，而且大部分农民的生活都富裕起来了。

Since China opened to the outside world, some farmers have become entrepreneurs and many are well-fixed, living a much more comfortable life.
9. 吃了上顿没下顿not know where the next meal comes
虽然很多人都已经富裕起来了，可是人有些人吃了上顿没下顿
In spite the fact that many have now become well-fixed, some people still remain in a state that they do not know where the next meal comes.
10. 发财rake it in
它在海南挣了很多钱，真没想到他会发财
He made bundles in Hai Nan. He was unexpectedly raking it in.
11. 太宰人了cost an arm and a leg
这个饭馆太宰人了，一个白菜豆腐汤也得要上几十元。

Eating in this restaurant will cost you an arm and a leg. You’ ll have to pay tens of yuan for even a soup of cabbage and beancurd
12. 跟别人比阔keep up with the Joneses
我可不像你，老是和别人比阔
I’m not your sort who like to keep up with the Joneses.
13. 养家糊口bring home the bacon
一个家里总得有个养家糊口的人
Some one has to bring home the bacon in the family.
14. 与……私通have an illicit love affair with
据说那个法官与一个电影明星私通。

The judge is said to have an illicit love affair with a film star.
15. 婚外恋a double life
我们这儿的人都感觉到他有婚外恋
People around here all feel that he’s leading a double life.
16. 深深爱上be head over heels in love with
听说小丽爱上一个比她大三十岁的老头子。

爱情这个东西真是难琢磨。

I hear Xiao Li is head over heels in love with an old man who is 30 years older than her. Love is really a mystery.
17. 与门第比自己低的人结婚marry with the left hand
皇太子放弃了王位，与比自己门第低的人结了婚并到国外度蜜月去了
The son of the Emperor gave up his stewardship as King and married with the left hand. He’s now on their honeymoon abroad.
18. 嫁妆marriage portion
离婚时，她要求男方把她结婚时的全部嫁妆还给她。

On the point of their divorce, she demanded on his returning to her all the lot she has brought as her marriage portion.
19. 外快side money
在过去的几年中老张挣了一大笔外快
Lao Zhang has made a huge sum of side money in the past few years.
20．买得便宜buy something on the cheap
他的那部车买得可真便宜
He bought that car on the cheap.
21.输得精光be taken to the cleaners
那帮人合伙欺负他，结果让他输得精光。

The guys ganged up on him and they took him to the cleaners.
22.调情make a pass at someone
当一个陌生男子开始向我调情时，我瞪了他一眼就离开了。

When I found that a stranger began to make a pass at me, I gave him a stern look and left.
23.花费outgoings
他一个月才挣300多块钱，怎么能支付得起家里所有的花费那？
He gets about 300 yuan a month .How could he possibly balance his family’s outgoings with such a small income?
24.重要约会a heavy date
她说她今晚有重要约会，所以不能来了。

She says she is having a heavy date tonight, so she won’t come.
25.向……求婚pop the question to
他向我求婚时说一辈子只爱我一个人。

可是现在呢？情况可大不一样了。

When he popped the question to me he said that I was the only one he would love but now, the story is quite different.
26.把……给甩了give somebody the air
最后她还是把他给甩了。

She had as supposed given him the air at last.
27.怀孕了be heavy with child
你怎么能忍心让一个大肚子的女人干这样重的活呢？
How could you have the heart to let a woman heavy with child to do such a rough job?
28.生在富贵人家born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth
一般说来，生在富贵人家的孩子很少有什么出息，
Generally speaking, very few of those who were born with a silver spoon in their mouths will make the mark.
29.开价make a price
我看过你的那部车了，现在你开个价吧。

I’ve seen your car and now you can make a price.
30.卖个好价钱fetch a good price
他的那部车在这次拍卖会上一定能卖个好价钱。

His car is certain to fetch a good price at the auction.
31.搂搂抱抱play kossy-poo
公园里那些年轻人搂搂抱抱的真让人看不下去
It’s plain an eye-sore seeing those youngsters playing kissy-poo in the park.
32.正经人家a respectable family
他是个正经人家的女孩子，我不相信她会干出这种事。

She’s a respectable girl. I don’t think she could have done this.
33.勾引别人的女朋友beat somebody’s time with someone
据说他经常勾引别人的女朋友
It is said that he often beats other people’s time with their girlfriends.
34.零花钱pocket money
我不赞同给孩子们很多零花钱
I do not favour the idea of giving children a lot of pocket money.
35.向某人作媚眼make eyes at
从她向老板作媚眼的那个德行你就知道她是个什么样的人了。

From the way she is making eyes at the boss you’ll certainly know what sort of person she is .
36.一见钟情take a shine to someone
他和她一见钟情。

She took shine to him on their blind date.
37.家丑a skeleton in the closet
许多家庭都有不可外扬的家丑
Many families have a skeleton in the closet.
38. 婚姻破裂marriage on the rocks
据说他们的婚姻已经濒于破裂。

It’s said that their marriage is on the rocks.
39．旧情人an old flame
昨天晚上和你一起吃饭的那个人肯定是你过去的情人
The one you were dinning with last night must be your old flame.
40.装修房子spruce up
这次我们装修房子花了近30，000元。

We spent nearly30, 000 yuan op sprucing up the house.
41.包办、买卖婚姻和其他任何干涉婚姻自由的行为都是被禁止的。

Arranged or mercenary marriage and any other acts of interference with the freedom of marriage are forbidden.
42. 她以婚姻关系破裂为由申请离婚。

She petitioned for divorce on account of the breakdown of their marriage.
Listening
Part Ⅰ Warming up
B
Vocabulary: fatigue, foxhole, distracted, abuse, strike out
1.dates, spending special time together
2.specific, complain, request, praise
3.fatigue, insecurities, foxhole, striking out, protect
4.distant
5.all marriages, Work together to understand
6.Respect, danger, professional, physical, verbal
7.understand, win
C
Vocabulary: attest, reside in (residence), configuration, spouse, mate, partner
40, excel, domestic argument, losing,
win-win, lose-lose, win, a gift, returns,
argue over, aren’t, Who, in control, fear, didn’t need, ought not to, couldn’t, tried to, destroy, marriage,
love, loved, secure, discover, garden, cultivate, the most precious, own self, bloom, obtain, our partner, loved and respected, control
Part Ⅱ All you need is love?
A
Vocabulary: ethnic, propose, criterion (criteria)
A2: similar social backgrounds; the same race or same ethnic background; the same religion
A3: Japan/ 9.2%/ arranged marriages, 3%/ between blacks and whites
B
Vocabulary: sustain, differentiate
1.physical appearance that attracts
2.what somebody looks like, look beyond the physical appearance
3.the high percentage of divorces
4.falling in love with somebody, loving somebody
C
Vocabulary: just-right wife/ husband, Mr. Right, athletic, vow, upper portion, designer clothing
one of the biggest decisions they will make in life; as the “just-right” wife for him; definition of what the “just-right”wife is; the millionaire man and the poor man; her physical qualities; different words; by her physical qualities; by her athletic qualities; in two different atmospheres; also have their definitions of the “just-right”wife; the German man’s definition is different from the Spanish man’s
Part Ⅲ First meetings
Vocabulary: frizzly, yearbook, platonic (Plato), hit it off( to have a good relationship, become good friends), chap (a man or boy), trip over (to catch one’s foot and lose one’s balance)
a baseball diamond; frizzly hair/ glasses/ funny/ monologue pizza
a wine bar; pizza
a fancy-dress party; the man dressed as Cheshire Cat
outside a cinema; coincidence/ he’d also missed the film
a boat/ the river bank; fell in river/ he dived in and rescued her
Part Ⅳ A Valentine story
Vocabulary: intrigue, insightful, budding, lapel, provocative, tuck, plump, thrust, uphold, grip, square, salute
B: book; choked; disappointment; take you to dinner; tolerant smile; went by; rose; big
restaurant; understand and admire
Additional Practice: Dictation 1
Town and Country Life in England
There is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.
In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months. Unit 2 Shaping and Reshaping Personality
Aries白羊座3月21日-------4月19日
Keywords are: spontaneity自发行为, naivety天真, energy活力, idealism理想主义, freshness精神饱满, openness率真, egocentricity自我中心, simplicity质朴, integrity正直, ignorance无知.
Taurus金牛座4月20日-------5月20日
Keywords are: determination决心, concentration专心, inflexibility顽固, sensuality耽于声色, security安全and coherence一致性.
Gemini双子座5月21日-------6月21日
Keywords are: lightness轻率, flexibility灵活性, language, detachment分离, speed, shallowness, dispassion冷静.
Cancer 巨蟹座6月22日-------7月22日
Keywords are: emotionalism感情主义, tradition传统, sensitivity敏感, preparation准备, care照顾, mildness温和, defensiveness防御性and intuition直觉.
Leo 狮子座7月23日-------8月22日
Keywords are: pride自满, externalization外表性, radiance欣喜的神色, confidence, organization, disclosure开诚布公, arrogance自负, offendedness易被触怒.
Virgo 处女座8月23日-------9月22日
Keywords are: humility, tact, pettiness, analysis, care, curiosity, limitation, criticism, sobriety.
Libra 天秤座9月23日------10月23日
Keywords are: diplomacy, grace, art, beauty, manipulation, artificiality, sympathy.
Scorpio天蝎座10月24日-----11月21日
Keywords are: intensity, intuition, self-preservation, inwardness, dedication, obsession, revenge.
Sagittarius 射手座11月22日-----12月21日
Keywords are: expansion, exploration, academia, bluntness, joviality, irresponsibility.
Capricorn 摩羯座12月22日------1月19日
Keywords are: perseverance, instruction, rationality, science, materialism, cynicism, enterprise.
Aquarius 水瓶座1月20日-------2月18日
Keywords are: detachment, insight, reform, friendship, altruism, coldness, alienation.
Pisces 双鱼座2月19日-------3月20日
Keywords are: mysticism, elusiveness, faith, empathy, illusion, sensitivity, fantasy, hopelessness.
Unit 2 Shaping and Reshaping Personality
Part Ⅰ Warming up
A.
Vocabulary: constellation; Taurus金牛座; Virgo处女座; Capricorn摩羯座; Pisces双鱼座; Aquarius水瓶座; Leo狮子座; Cancer巨蟹座; Aries白羊座; Gemini双子座; Sagittarius射手座; centaur半人马座; Scorpio天蝎座; Libra天秤座
raise the roof 大声喧闹，抱怨
identification鉴定，识别；验明；身份证明；认同
Part Ⅱ Serf-esteem
Subjects: young boys
Procedure:
1.measure the boys’ abilities and how they felt about their own abilities
2.three groups----- those with high self-esteem / middle self-esteem/ low self-esteem
3.in all situations----- at home/ at work/ in school/ with friends
Observations:
1.active / able to express ideas/ successful in school and in relations with other people/ creative/ led in discussions/ interested in world problems/ seldom tired or sick
2.like the boys with high self-esteem/ express ideas freely/ saw the world as a good and
happy place/ not sure of their own value
3.sad most time/ afraid to start activities/ felt no love/ couldn’t express ideas / afraid of anger / no talk in discussion
Findings;
a.closeness
b.good behavior
c.definite; strict; kind and thoughtful
d.rewards
e.democratic; respected; importance; taken away
b. almost anything
c. no definite
d. harsh punishment
f. didn’t love them
Part Ⅲ How to deal with depression and anger?
A
sad; temporary; long; mental; anyone; ten; developing; 80 percent; drugs; effective; carefully; without; activity; minor; walking; 30; four; improve; physical; traditional; hour; talking; doctors; Discussion; ways; problems; education; understand
B
manifest anger; joyous, warm, loving; vent anger on somebody; dump anger
Part Ⅳ Short talks on listening skills
classifying and organizing ideas; ability; the facts or ideas; are related to one another;
Roman; Arabic; letters; standard form; decreasing importance; capital letters; small letters; to the left; to the right; equal; the same distance; easy to see; the ideas before and after it; No punctuation; Outlining; practice
Represent the Ideas Clear and Clean-Outlining
Dictation
A Change in Women’s Life
The important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.
Unit 3 All Can Succeed
本杰明·富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin，1706年1月17日－1790年4月17日）
1 节制[Temperance]
Eat not to dullness and drink not to elevation.
食不可饱，饮不可醉。

2 少言[Silence]
Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself. Avoid trifling conversation.
言必有益，避免闲聊。

3 秩序[Order]
Let all your things have their places. Let each part of your business have its time.
物归期所，事定期限。

4 决心[Resolution]
Resolve to perform what you ought. Perform without fail what you resolve.
当做必做，持之以恒。

5 节俭[Frugality]
Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself: i.e. Waste nothing.
当花费才花费，不可浪费。

6 勤俭[Industry]
Lose no time. Be always employed in something useful. Cut off all unnecessary actions.
珍惜光明，做有用的事。

7 坦诚[Sincerity]
Use no hurtful deceit. Think innocently and justly; and, if you speak, speak accordingly.
真诚待人，言行一致。

8 公正[Justice]
Wrong none, by doing injuries or omitting the benefits that are your duty.
害人之时不可做，利人之事多履行。

9 中庸[Moderation]
Avoid extremes. Forebear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve.
不走极端，容忍为上。

10 整洁[Cleanliness]
Tolerate no uncleanness in body, clothes or habitation.
衣着整洁，居所干净。

11 心态[Tranquility]
Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable.
临危不乱，处乱不惊
12 节欲[Chastity]
Rarely use venery but for health or offspring; Never to dullness, weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation.
爱惜身体，延年益智。

13 谦逊[Humility]
Imitate Jesus and Socrates.
以耶稣、苏格拉底为范
Part One
A.vocabulary: prosper; shed light onto
(The documents could shed light onto human rights abuses during Guatemala's 36-year civil war. 这些档案，可望让社会大众更瞭解瓜地马拉长达36年的内战里的人权罪行。

) be blessed with幸运地享有; positive积极的；确实的，肯定的; critically批判性地；苛求地；危急地；严重地; interact相互作用；互相影响；互动
in your imagination; think into the future; possibilities; a positive way; the starting point;
expect to win; fulfill the vision; opportunity; recognize; grab; a risk taker; do something else; prosper; a joyful experience; job requirements; other people; the support; friends; achievement; watch; apply; Everyone can succeed; to discover and develop; hard work B. issue; involvement; commit保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等）；承诺; enhancement; regardless of; consensus; bond契约; integrity正直，诚实；健全
1. organizational skills
2. results oriented
3. open-minded
4. in the decision process
5. parental and citizen
6. innovation and excellence
7. the development 8. cooperation 9. student needs 10. ideas and plans 11. high quality performance 12. directly and clearly
13. continuous professional development 14. their background or position
15. a consensus builder 16. leadership skills 17. your bond; trustworthy
18. the position 19. personal integrity 20. work well with others
C
prospectus简介；计划书; leaflet; discard; stinking; slum; breadwinner/bread-earner; overdose过量用药; visa签证; initially; tenacity坚持；不屈不挠; resourcefulness足智多谋overwhelming 势不可挡的，压倒一切的，巨大的odds逆境; crime-ridden 充满的；受困扰的
escaped poverty; master’s degree; worst slums; overwhelming odds; English university; prospectus leaflet; discarded in; set his heart; violent; crime-ridden; 13; principal breadwinner; drugs; beaten; attacked; came close; overdose; gaining a place; a visa; had
doubts; genuine student; be rewarded
Part Two
pop; arthritis; headmistress; handicap; self-publicist
subordinate下级的；次要的；附属的; thrust upon强加于; threshold; janitor; janitress; salutary 有益的，效果好的; foreman; prime首要的；基本的; scatter; be apt to倾向于; tumble; trip; speculate投机；推测；思索; indorse签名于票据等的背面，认可; surplus; expenditure; revenue; ultimate
(No one can cheat you out of ultimate success but yourselves. 除了你自己外，没有人能哄你离开最终的成功。

He cheated me out of my money.他骗了我的钱。

In the past women were cheated out of their chance for education.从前妇女被剥夺了受教育的机会。

)
A1. Speaker 1: mum excellently bringing up 3 children
Speaker 2: someone with physical disabilities overcoming physical difficulty of arthritis
Not allowing the difficulty to hold her back
Speaker 3: Mable Davies, a deaf lady working her way up to be a headmistress
Speaker 4: Kenneth Branagh, an actor getting an enormous amount of energy
A very good self-publicist
A2 1.F 2. T 3.F 4.F
B1. subordinate positions serious responsibility threshold broom
sweeping out salutary branch future partner try his hand sweepers Obtained employment aim high rest content thoughts concerns at the top
Prime condition energy thought capital on that line the most
Scattered their capital brains all wrong watch that basket take notice fail breaks on his head apt to tumble lack of concentration
B2. Aim for the highest don’t enter a bar room Make the firm’s interest yours don’t touch liquor
Break orders always to save owners don’s speculate
Concentrate don’t indorse beyond your surplus cash fund
Put all your eggs in one basket and watch that basket don’t be impatient
Expenditure always within revenue
Part Three
A. Adrienne a good sense of humor like talking to people entertaining Conrad friendliness positive polite
Lisa a good friend considerate caring a good listener really nice make people that I care and love very important in my life
Phil the ability to laugh at myself to laugh with others when they laugh at me
Simone open-minded not afraid of new things nothing shocks me。