(通用版)2021届高考英语一轮复习考点七情态动词和虚拟语气练习(含解析)

考点七情态动词和虚拟语气

限时25分钟

一、单句语法填空

1．We ________ (enjoy) the sunshine in Sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.

答案：would be enjoying 句意：要不是耽搁了航班，我们现在正在三亚享受阳光。根据后面的“now”和“if it were not for ...”可知，此处是对现在状况的虚拟，故主句用would be doing。

2．When I was small, my mom ________ read me stories at night.

答案：would 句意：当我小时候，我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。would “过去常常”，表示过去的习惯性的行为。

3．The accident ________ have been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don't know for sure.

答案：might 句意：事故可能是由一条横穿马路的狗引起的，但我们不确定。分析句子可知，本句是对过去动作的推测，可能性不大，故填might。

4．He looked so hungry as though he ________ (eat) a decent meal for a month.

答案：hadn't eaten 句意：他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。由主句中的looked可知，as if/though后面跟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。

5．I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, I ________ (keep) you waiting for such a long time.

答案：wouldn't have kept 句意：我在交通堵塞中被困了一个多小时，否则我不会让你等这么长时间。句中用了虚拟语气，otherwise说明后面句子的内容和过去事实相反，指如果不被交通阻塞困住，句子谓语动词用“would/should/could/might ＋have＋过去分词”形式。

6．Although passing the driving test ________ be difficult now, it's worth the efforts.

答案：can 句意：虽然现在通过驾驶考试可能是困难的，但付出的努力是值得的。此处用can表示有时可能会，故填can。

7．My mother ________ (be) angry with me, but I couldn't shut my mouth before I shouted at her!

答案：wouldn't have been 句意：我母亲本来不会对我生气的，但我没有管住自己的嘴，对她大吼大叫了！wouldn't have done “本来不会做某事”。

8．I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness, but it ________ (cause) by eating too much.

答案：may/might have been caused 句意：我不能肯定狗生病的原因，但它也许是因为吃得太多了。根据前句“I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness”可知，这里为不肯定的推测，故用may/might have done “可能做某事”；由于dog's illness与cause之间为被动关系，故答案为may/might have been caused。

9．—Can I pay the bill by check?

—Sorry, sir. But it is the rule of our hotel that payment ________ be made in cash.

答案：shall 句意：——我可以用支票付账吗？——对不起，先生。但这是我们酒店的规定，应当以现金付款。shall可以在法律条文、规章制度中表示规定或义务等，此处是旅馆的规定。

10．Passengers ________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.

答案：mustn't 句意：当公共汽车开动时，乘客不得与司机交谈，因为这将把他的注意力从路上转移开来。此处表示“禁止，不允许”，故用mustn't。

11．David didn't attend his daughter's graduation ceremony, but he does wish he ________ (be) there.

答案：had been 句意：戴维没有参加女儿的毕业典礼，但他确实希望他曾在那里。这里wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，用过去完成时。

12．Even a small personal computer ________ store vast amounts of information.

答案：can 句意：即使是一台小型个人电脑也能储存大量的信息。此处表示一种能力，故填can。

13．The report is scheduled to be handed in tomorrow, so he ________ (attend) the concert with his family yesterday.

答案：couldn't have attended 句意：这份报告定于明天提交，昨天他不可能和家人去听音乐会。couldn't have done表示对过去事情有把握的否定推测，意为“不可能已经做了某事”。

14．I am sorry I am very busy now. If I ________ (have) time, I would certainly go to the movies with you.

答案：had 根据前面的“I am sorry I am very busy now.”可知，是对现在的虚拟，if从句中使用一般过去时。

15．It ________ well be the largest cathedral in the world.

答案：may 句意：它很可能是世界上最大的大教堂。may与well连用，表“很可能”。