龙VS大象(中国VS印度) The Dragon vs. the Elephant

Fixed 8 11 17 27 41 55 70 87 109 145 180 214 263 312 325
CHINA Mobile Total 0 8 0 12 1 18 2 29 4 44 7 62 13 84 24 111 43 152 85 229 145 326 206 420 270 533 335 647 349 674
India: Scientists and engineers engaged in R&D
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
Relative technological strengths: China vs. India
China
Growth of telecommunications services sector in China and India, 1990-2005
(Million subscribers)
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
China 1.62 1.68 2.35 3.67 3.85 4.07 4.32 4.65 3.52 2.94 2.52 2.19 1.80 1.73 1.67
India
13.33 16.00 14.50 13.80 11.71 10.17 9.53
Source: Economic Research Unit (2002), Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (2005), Department of Telecommunications (2002-03), National Bureau of Statistics of China (2004).
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
China: Scientists and engineers engaged in R&D
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
Fixed 5 6 7 8 10 12 15 18 22 27 32 41 43 45 49
INDIA Mobile Total 5 6 7 8 10 12 0 15 1 19 1 23 2 28 4 36 13 54 34 76 50 95 76 125
Ratio of mobile to fixed
0.02 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.11 0.31 0.79 1.11 1.55
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
Trends in teledensity in China and India, 19912005
(Number of main lines per 100 people)
Ratio of mobile to fixed 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.19 0.27 0.40 0.58 0.81 0.96 1.03 1.07 1.07
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005

Conclusions
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
Research Intensity
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
Patenting performance in the US
Outline

The telecommunications industry in China and India The sectoral system of innovation Innovation Capability
– – –
–
Traditional indicators: (a) R&D investments; and (b) Patents Competitiveness of exports Capability in hardware Capability in telecoms software
Telecommunications Mechanical
India
Embedded software Drugs
engineering
Computer
graphics
Business software
Chip design
wenku.baidu.com
Handwriting recognition
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
The Dragon vs. the Elephant
Comparative analysis of innovation capability in the
telecommunications equipment industry in China and India
Professor Sunil Mani Planning Commission Chair Professor Centre for Development Studies Trivandrum-695011
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Sunil Mani, 3L Lecture Series, CMD, February 8 2006
Extent of Digital Divide in China and India, 19782003
(Ratio of urban to rural tele densities)
1978 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2002 2003