时文报刊选读第九讲
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It is the nickname for Britain or the English people (指英国或英国人)
Uncle Sam (山姆大叔) The United States of America / Americans (指美
国政府或美国人)
Romeo
Lover Helen (海伦) Beautiful woman Trojan (特洛伊) War 特洛伊战争是以争夺世上最漂亮的女人 海
人际泡沫
3. Lots of word expressing “说”
表示“说”的近义词有：acknowledge（承认），admit（承 认），add（补充说），affirm（肯定；确认），allege（宣称）， agree（同意），analyze （分析），announce（宣布），argue （争辩，主张），answer（答道），assert（宣称，断言）， boast（夸口说），claim（声称），complain（抱怨道）， concede（承认），consider（认为），confess（供认，承认）， continue（继续说），contradict（反驳，否定），conclude（断 定，下结论），contend（争辩），declare（声明，声称）， deny（否认），dwell on（详细讲述），disagree（不同意）， describe…as（把……说成），disclose（透露），elaborate（详 细述说），emphasize（强调），exclaim（大声说），explain （解释），imply（暗示），insist（坚持说），joke（开玩笑 说），maintain（主张，认为），object（反对说），observe （评论），promise（答应），pledge（保证），proclaim（宣告， 声明），protest（抗议），quote…as saying（援引……说）， recount（详细讲述，列举），repeat（重复说），reaffirm（重 申），remark（议论），reply（回答），refute（反驳），retort （反诘），reveal（透露），state（说，声辩），stress（强 调）， suggest（建议），urge（敦促，力劝）。
Example
Extended meanings:
investment
For most large foreign companies, a Chinese presence is only a small part of world investments.
——From Far Easter Economic Review
经济ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้用男
Phubbing [fʌbɪŋ]=phone+snub(冷落，怠慢)
Phubbing refers to the activity of being impolite in a social situation by looking at your phone instead of paying attention to the person you are with.
Robert Tucker
——From U.ScNoeuwrsse & World News
Example
The terms from different fields：
Military terms
The single most striking change has been the official recognition that the flagship（旗舰）of the third term, the poll tax, was an error.
gayriage =gay+marriage=brokeback marriage
Gayriage refers to marriage to a person of the same sex. When two men get 'married', it is a gayriage, while marriage between a woman and a woman is a lesriage.
2. New Words Constantly Appear
There are two kinds of new words. A. One is the old word with new meanings 1) Words with extended meanings （引申义）
Old words can develop new meanings based on their old senses. In different contexts, a word can be extended differently to specific meanings.
“Irangate”（伊朗门事件）refers to America selling weapons secretly to Iran.
The End of Zippergate (The Guardian, 1999) 性丑 闻结束了 Here, the Zippergate(拉链门)refers to Clinton’s sexual scandal.
——From The New York Times
B. The other kind of new word is the word created recently.(coinage ['kɔɪnɪdʒ] )
Example
Since “Watergate in the United States in1972 ” （ 水门事件), the suffix “-gate” has been used to refer to any dirty scandal.
Synecdoche [sɪ‘nekdəkɪ]: a word or a phrase in which a part of sth is used to represent a whole, or a whole is used to represent a part of sth. 举偶， 提喻
伦（Helen）为起因
Synecdoche
England won the football match England = national football team of England
No eye saw him, but a second later every ear heard a gunshot.
2) Terms from different fields
Many terminologies（专业术语） in different fields are absorbed into news, which are given specific meanings to describe sth.
Also, confirm that a school truly offers the full range of
courses you’ll need to complete your degree at a distance,
"Some institutions grossly exaggerate their presence", warns
the barrel ['bærəl] of a gun =the military revolution/ force
John Bull (约翰牛)
Ruddy(['rʌdi] ) face, short and fat, with a tall hat on head and a pair of boots(靴子) on feet.
同性婚姻
Social bubble (or interpersonal bubble)
Social bubble (or interpersonal bubble) describes the situation in which people seem to have a wide range of social connections, but when it comes to real friendship, few remain in the circle
SELECTED READING FROM 21ST CENTURY
Lecture 9
Dong Tong
I. Lexical features of English newspapers
1. Metonymy and Synecdoche were frequently used
2. New Words Constantly Appear 3. Lots of word expressing “说” 4. Loan Words were used 5. Vague Words were used 6. Slangy Words and Common sayings
低头族
Bromeo
He is one of your most loyal friends and will not hesitate to back you up in any situation.
男闺蜜
Fangirl
Fangirl refers to a female fan, obsessed with something or someone to a frightening or sickening degree. They may have obsession over anime and video game characters, or over real people like the…… 脑残粉
Metonymy
The grey hair should be respected The grey hair = the old/ aged
He is too fond of the bottles. the bottles= wine/alchohol
“Political power grows out of the barrel ['bærəl] of a gun.” Mao Zedong
Eye, ear = people
Other examples
Big apple = New York City of Angels = Los Angeles Downing Street No.10 = Prime Minister of UK, the British government Elysee = President of France, the French government
Other examples
Scene kid 非主流少年 flash mob 快闪族 Sock puppet 马甲 Hikikomori 宅男宅女
Budget husband
originates from the word "budget housing";not ugly but not too handsome; neither poor nor rich. In short: normal; not go out to bars or have extramarital affairs
Example
英国作家George Orwell写了一本叫《1984》的政治 讽刺的幻想小说,他在其中创造了newspeak (一种指 东说西、模棱两可的官腔)一词,指极权主义国家流 行的政治套话。记者把-speak作为后缀,不断造出新 词, telespeak指"电视主持人经常使用的语言"； techspeak指"科技人员经常使用的语言"； econspeak指"经济学家们经常使用的语言"； businesspeak指"商界人士经常使用的语言"； educationspeak指"教育界人士经常使用的语言"。
Cardinal task
（头等大事） ——From The Times
Example
Technology terms
attraction
For weeks the President had seemed to defy the law of gravity（万有引力 定律）: More and more voters said they disapproved of his performance,…
were used
1. Metonymy and Synecdoche were frequently used
Metonymy[mɪ'tɒnɪmɪ]: the act of referring to sth by the name of sth else that is closely connected with it. 转喻，换喻
Uncle Sam (山姆大叔) The United States of America / Americans (指美
国政府或美国人)
Romeo
Lover Helen (海伦) Beautiful woman Trojan (特洛伊) War 特洛伊战争是以争夺世上最漂亮的女人 海
人际泡沫
3. Lots of word expressing “说”
表示“说”的近义词有：acknowledge（承认），admit（承 认），add（补充说），affirm（肯定；确认），allege（宣称）， agree（同意），analyze （分析），announce（宣布），argue （争辩，主张），answer（答道），assert（宣称，断言）， boast（夸口说），claim（声称），complain（抱怨道）， concede（承认），consider（认为），confess（供认，承认）， continue（继续说），contradict（反驳，否定），conclude（断 定，下结论），contend（争辩），declare（声明，声称）， deny（否认），dwell on（详细讲述），disagree（不同意）， describe…as（把……说成），disclose（透露），elaborate（详 细述说），emphasize（强调），exclaim（大声说），explain （解释），imply（暗示），insist（坚持说），joke（开玩笑 说），maintain（主张，认为），object（反对说），observe （评论），promise（答应），pledge（保证），proclaim（宣告， 声明），protest（抗议），quote…as saying（援引……说）， recount（详细讲述，列举），repeat（重复说），reaffirm（重 申），remark（议论），reply（回答），refute（反驳），retort （反诘），reveal（透露），state（说，声辩），stress（强 调）， suggest（建议），urge（敦促，力劝）。
Example
Extended meanings:
investment
For most large foreign companies, a Chinese presence is only a small part of world investments.
——From Far Easter Economic Review
经济ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้用男
Phubbing [fʌbɪŋ]=phone+snub(冷落，怠慢)
Phubbing refers to the activity of being impolite in a social situation by looking at your phone instead of paying attention to the person you are with.
Robert Tucker
——From U.ScNoeuwrsse & World News
Example
The terms from different fields：
Military terms
The single most striking change has been the official recognition that the flagship（旗舰）of the third term, the poll tax, was an error.
gayriage =gay+marriage=brokeback marriage
Gayriage refers to marriage to a person of the same sex. When two men get 'married', it is a gayriage, while marriage between a woman and a woman is a lesriage.
2. New Words Constantly Appear
There are two kinds of new words. A. One is the old word with new meanings 1) Words with extended meanings （引申义）
Old words can develop new meanings based on their old senses. In different contexts, a word can be extended differently to specific meanings.
“Irangate”（伊朗门事件）refers to America selling weapons secretly to Iran.
The End of Zippergate (The Guardian, 1999) 性丑 闻结束了 Here, the Zippergate(拉链门)refers to Clinton’s sexual scandal.
——From The New York Times
B. The other kind of new word is the word created recently.(coinage ['kɔɪnɪdʒ] )
Example
Since “Watergate in the United States in1972 ” （ 水门事件), the suffix “-gate” has been used to refer to any dirty scandal.
Synecdoche [sɪ‘nekdəkɪ]: a word or a phrase in which a part of sth is used to represent a whole, or a whole is used to represent a part of sth. 举偶， 提喻
伦（Helen）为起因
Synecdoche
England won the football match England = national football team of England
No eye saw him, but a second later every ear heard a gunshot.
2) Terms from different fields
Many terminologies（专业术语） in different fields are absorbed into news, which are given specific meanings to describe sth.
Also, confirm that a school truly offers the full range of
courses you’ll need to complete your degree at a distance,
"Some institutions grossly exaggerate their presence", warns
the barrel ['bærəl] of a gun =the military revolution/ force
John Bull (约翰牛)
Ruddy(['rʌdi] ) face, short and fat, with a tall hat on head and a pair of boots(靴子) on feet.
同性婚姻
Social bubble (or interpersonal bubble)
Social bubble (or interpersonal bubble) describes the situation in which people seem to have a wide range of social connections, but when it comes to real friendship, few remain in the circle
SELECTED READING FROM 21ST CENTURY
Lecture 9
Dong Tong
I. Lexical features of English newspapers
1. Metonymy and Synecdoche were frequently used
2. New Words Constantly Appear 3. Lots of word expressing “说” 4. Loan Words were used 5. Vague Words were used 6. Slangy Words and Common sayings
低头族
Bromeo
He is one of your most loyal friends and will not hesitate to back you up in any situation.
男闺蜜
Fangirl
Fangirl refers to a female fan, obsessed with something or someone to a frightening or sickening degree. They may have obsession over anime and video game characters, or over real people like the…… 脑残粉
Metonymy
The grey hair should be respected The grey hair = the old/ aged
He is too fond of the bottles. the bottles= wine/alchohol
“Political power grows out of the barrel ['bærəl] of a gun.” Mao Zedong
Eye, ear = people
Other examples
Big apple = New York City of Angels = Los Angeles Downing Street No.10 = Prime Minister of UK, the British government Elysee = President of France, the French government
Other examples
Scene kid 非主流少年 flash mob 快闪族 Sock puppet 马甲 Hikikomori 宅男宅女
Budget husband
originates from the word "budget housing";not ugly but not too handsome; neither poor nor rich. In short: normal; not go out to bars or have extramarital affairs
Example
英国作家George Orwell写了一本叫《1984》的政治 讽刺的幻想小说,他在其中创造了newspeak (一种指 东说西、模棱两可的官腔)一词,指极权主义国家流 行的政治套话。记者把-speak作为后缀,不断造出新 词, telespeak指"电视主持人经常使用的语言"； techspeak指"科技人员经常使用的语言"； econspeak指"经济学家们经常使用的语言"； businesspeak指"商界人士经常使用的语言"； educationspeak指"教育界人士经常使用的语言"。
Cardinal task
（头等大事） ——From The Times
Example
Technology terms
attraction
For weeks the President had seemed to defy the law of gravity（万有引力 定律）: More and more voters said they disapproved of his performance,…
were used
1. Metonymy and Synecdoche were frequently used
Metonymy[mɪ'tɒnɪmɪ]: the act of referring to sth by the name of sth else that is closely connected with it. 转喻，换喻