初中英语定语从句试题经典及解析

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考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知,横线处及后面是定语从句,首先排除D选项,what不能作关系词;空格处缺少主语,副词不能作主语,所以排除C选项where;在定语从句中,关系代词取决于前面的先行词,先行词是人,关系代词用who或that;先行词如果是物,关系代词应用which或that;本句中根据先行词a shop是物,所以关系词用which,排除B选项;故答案选A。
初中英语定语从句试题经典及解析
一、定语从句
1.Most grandmas prefer the song Little Apple that they can dance their square dances to .
A.thatB.whoseC.whereD.How
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析:句意:大多数奶奶最喜欢小苹果这首歌,她们能跟着跳广场舞。A. that那个;B. Whose谁的;C. Where在哪;D. How怎样;这里是that引导的宾语从句,先行词是物,用关系词that。根据题意。故选A。
Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如:Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people.所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4.当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如:She is the only person that understands me.注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:﹣﹣你喜欢CCTV的每周脱口秀节目朗读者吗?﹣﹣当然.这是一个很棒的电视节目,其目的是把阅读习惯带回公众.先行词a great TV program,关系词在定语从句中做purpose的定语,故用关系代词whose.故选D.
6.The book ___ I read last night was fantastic.
当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.
当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why,也常可省略。如:She admired the way(that)they solved the questions.
Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5.当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd?站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in?哪一间是王先生住的房间?
【答案】D
【解析】
that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语;what引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句,what,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。
11.–Why are you so worried?
-I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A.whatB.whoC.whoseD.which
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意:——你为什么如此担心?——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句,先行词是watch表示物,故关系代词只能用which或that;what不引导定语从句;who的先行词是人;whose表示所属;故选D。
3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
4)关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born.北京是我的出生地。
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who
【答案】A
【解析】
句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。
结合句意和语境可知选A。
点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况:
当先行词是everything, anything, nothing(something除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如:
9.Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.
A.that; whoseB.how; whoC.what; whoD.what; whose
A.thatB.whatC.whoseD.who
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:我昨晚读的那本书真是太棒了。此句考查定语从句的关系词。A. that先行词是人或物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whose先行词是人或物,在从句中作定语;D. who先行词是人,在从句中作主语或宾语。本句的先行词book指物,用that来引导,故答案为A。
7.—Tom, where do you work?
—I work in a shop _____ sells different kinds of vegetables.
A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——Tom,你在哪里工作。——我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。
考点:考查定语从句
2.Oneis filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).
A.whichB.whoC.howቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ.what
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
句意:一个学识渊博的人总是举止优雅。考查关系代词。A. which关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代物;B. who关系代词,引导定语从句时,指代人;C. how关系副词;D. what不能引导定语从句。根据Oneis filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance(优雅).可知,先行词one指代人,所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句,同时在定语从句中作主语,结合选项可知B选项符合题意,故答案选B。
8.—Have you ever heard of Langlang?
—Sure. He is one of ______ pianists ______ I have even seen.
A.good; thatB.much better; who
C.the best; whichD.the best; that
12.The green tea _____ grows in South China is quite popular in China.
A.which B.when C.where
【答案】A
【解析】试题分析:句意:在中国南部生长的绿茶在中国非常受欢迎。which引导定语从句的关系代词,先行词是物,which在定语从句中做主语或宾语;when关系副词,指时间;where关系副词,指地点。根据句意可知,这里定语从句的先行词是The green tea,并且定语从句中缺少主语,故应选A。
3.-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report?
-Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.
A.whoB.whatC.whomD.which
考点:英语从句
10.一Please tell me something about Yang Liwei.
一He is a great astronaut ofall the Chinese are proud
A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.whom
【答案】D
【解析】
句意:——请告诉我关于杨利伟的事情。——他是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的宇航员。be proud of为---感到自豪;这是一个定语从句,介词of后面应用宾格,故选D
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
句意:——你有没有听说朗朗?——当然听说了。他是我见过的最好的钢琴家之一。Good好的,better更好的;best最好的。形容词的比较级前可用much修饰,表示程度;形容词的最高级前通常要加定冠词。one of……之一,其后面的中心名词用复数形式,该名词前的形容词用最高级形式。先行词pianists在宾语从句中作宾语,他的前面有最高级修饰,该用关系代词that代替。所以选D。
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
句意:——你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息?——还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。
考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物,在定语从句中作宾语,故用关系代词which或that引导定语从句,所以选D。
4.This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen.
【点睛】
在定语从句中,关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
5.﹣Do you like the weekly talk show,The Readers,on CCTV?
﹣Sure.It' s a great TV programpurpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public.
A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whose
He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
2)whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语,若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
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