肿瘤患者静脉血栓栓塞的抗凝治疗与管理
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10,033 records identified through database searching 55 additional record identified through other sources
9559 records after duplicates removed
9559 records screened
虽然LMWH能够降低VTE的复发风险,但因其花费较
高且需要皮下注射,因此肿瘤患者合并VTE时长期治疗选择
LMWH还是华法林应综合评估患者的风险和获益,以及患 者的选择倾向。
新型口服抗凝药与传统抗凝治疗的比较
4.Oral rivaroxaban versus standard therapy for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism: a pooled analysis of the EINSTEIN-DVT and PE randomized studies. Thromb J 2013; 11:21.
生存率:使用时间-事件资料,采用pooled analysis方法, 对两篇已发表,一篇从作者处获得的原始资料进行分析。 结 果:LMWH与VKA间无统计学差异 HR0.96;95% CI 0.81-1.14;I2=0%
全因死亡率:采用pooled analysis方法,分析6个月时 的全因死亡率。 结 果:LMWH与VKA间无统计学差异 RR0.97;95% CI 0.88-1.10;I2=0%
LMWH VS华法林生VTE复发
VTE复发:使用时间-事件资料,采用pooled analysis方法,对两篇已发表,一篇从作者
处获得的原始资料进行分析。
结 果:LMWH与VKA间有统计学差异 HR0.47;95% CI 0.32-0.71;I2=0%
LMWH VS华法出血事件间无统计学差异
文献小结
2014ASCO
2016CNNC
2016ACCP
• LMWH,UFH. • Crcl <25–30 ml, UFH or LMWH with antiXa activity monitoring is recommended [I, A]
LMWH over VKA LMWH,UFH or FXa therapydabigatran,rivarantagonists according to oxaban,apixaban or patient’s characteristics and edoxaban(2C) at first 3 clinical situation. months.
54 full-text articles excluded,with reasons; 14=unavailable data for cancer subgroup;1=case series;15=review;4=retrospective study;2=protocol;6=observational study;4=nonrandomizedtrial;4=no cancer patients included;1=only one cancer patient included;2=no relevant outcome; 1=different durations of intervention
Table 2 Efficacy and safety outcomes and net clinical benefit in all patients and selected patient subgroups
结果:共有8282名患者纳入该研究,其中一些关键的亚组,如骨折、 肿瘤(利伐沙班组232人,5.6%,标准治疗组198人,4.8%)、具有大的 血栓和既往有VTE复发使的患者,利伐沙班与标准治疗组间安全性和 有效性相似。
• 75%-80% of the initial dose for 6 months of LMWH is safe and more effective than VKA.(I,A)
Use of novel oral anticoagulants is not currently recommended for patients with malignancy and VTE.
01
02
肿瘤患者VTE初始治疗方案 肿瘤患者VTE长期治疗肝素VS华法林
03
04
肿瘤患者VTE长期治疗DOACs VS华法林 总结
参 考文 献
1.High Incidence of Thromboembolic Events in Patients Treated With Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy:
Long term treatment
• LMWH is preferred. • Indefinite anticoagulation in patients with active cancer or persistent risk factors. extended anticoagulant therapy (no scheduled stop date) over 3 months of therapy (1B), or have a high bleeding risk, we suggest extended anticoagulant therapy (no scheduled stop date) over 3 months of therapy (2B)
3. Anticoagulation for the long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ,2014,8(7).
LMWH VS华法林生存率及全因死亡率
流行病学
1.High Incidence of Thromboembolic Events in Patients Treated With Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: wenku.baidu.com Large
流行病学
2.Venous thromboembolism in the cancer outpatient setting: contemporary rates and predictors in the United States[J]. Cancer. 2013 ,119(3):648-55.
1.0mg/kg bid序贯华法林或香豆素类抗凝药)。统计患者3、6、12个
月VTE复发及出血情况。预设的非劣效性边缘值为1.75。
Table 2 Efficacy and safety outcomes and net clinical benefit in all patients and selected patient subgroups
Chest. 2015;147(2):475-484.
6. Pros and cons of new oral anticoagulants in the treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer[J].Inter Emerg Med.2015,10(6):651-656.
5.Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with VTE and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest. 2015; 147(2): 475-484.
前 言
目前已经证实恶性肿瘤与VTE之间关系密切,恶性肿瘤 患者通常处于高凝 状态,与非恶性肿瘤患者相比,其发生VTE的风险更高。血栓栓塞事件已经成 为肿瘤患者的第二大死因。 肿瘤患者发生VTE通常初始使用低分子肝素(LMWH)进行抗凝治疗,长期 抗凝是否可转换为华法林?亦或更换为新型抗凝药?
主要内容
结论:单药利伐沙班与标准治疗方法相比疗效相似,主要出血事件显
著低于标准治疗组。疗效和安全性在主要亚组间具有一致性。
研究背景:直接口服抗凝药(DOAs)在预防VTE复发方面与传统抗凝药物相比 表现出同样的有效性和至少相同的安全性。但是否能同样应用于肿瘤相关VTE
还未可知。
方法:通过随机对照研究的meta 分析,评估DOAs在肿瘤相关VTE治疗中的安全 性和有效性。检索2013.12.17的数据,数据库包括MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL。主要终点事件为VTE复发,同时分析了主要出血(MB)和临床相 关非主要出血。数据通过Ors 和95% CI 。
United States[J]. Cancer. 2013 ,119(3):648-55.
3. Anticoagulation for the long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ,2014,8(7).
65 full-text articles assessed for eligibility
10 studies included in qualitative synthesis(11 reports) 10 studies included in qualitative synthesis(meta-analysis)
A Large Retrospective Analysis [J].J Clin Oncol.2011,29(25):3466-73. 2.Venous thromboembolism in the cancer outpatient setting: contemporary rates and predictors in the
肿瘤患者VTE指南推荐治疗方案总结 肿瘤患者发生VTE时起始治疗各指南均推荐LMWH。
长期治疗药物选择方面除ASCO指南说明无法使用
LMWH时可选择VKA,其余均说明LMWH优于
VKA。
活动性肿瘤或血栓诱因持续存在时,疗程不确定,长 期抗凝优于短期抗凝(3个月)。
肿瘤患者VTE长期治疗LMWH VS华法林
肿瘤患者VTE治疗方案选择
211ESMO
2014ASCO
2016ACCP
2016NCCN
2011EMSO
肿瘤患者VTE治疗方案选择
Initial treatment
• LMWH is recommended for the initial 5 to 10 days of treatment of VTE as well as for long-term secondary prophylaxis for at least 6 months.
4. Oral rivaroxaban versus standard therapy for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism:
a pooled analysis of the EINSTEIN-DVT and PE randomized studies[J]. Thromb J 2013; 11:21. 5. Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with VTE and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].
背景:肝素联合VKA是治疗VTE的标准方法。直接口服抗凝药已经 被研究用于VTE的急性和长期治疗,其能够避免胃肠外给药且不需要 实验室监测抗凝疗效。 方法:通过pooled analysis比较EINSTEIN-DVT 和EINSTEIN-PE研究 中利伐沙班(15mg bid 21d,随后20mg qd)和标准疗法 (依诺肝素
9559 records after duplicates removed
9559 records screened
虽然LMWH能够降低VTE的复发风险,但因其花费较
高且需要皮下注射,因此肿瘤患者合并VTE时长期治疗选择
LMWH还是华法林应综合评估患者的风险和获益,以及患 者的选择倾向。
新型口服抗凝药与传统抗凝治疗的比较
4.Oral rivaroxaban versus standard therapy for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism: a pooled analysis of the EINSTEIN-DVT and PE randomized studies. Thromb J 2013; 11:21.
生存率:使用时间-事件资料,采用pooled analysis方法, 对两篇已发表,一篇从作者处获得的原始资料进行分析。 结 果:LMWH与VKA间无统计学差异 HR0.96;95% CI 0.81-1.14;I2=0%
全因死亡率:采用pooled analysis方法,分析6个月时 的全因死亡率。 结 果:LMWH与VKA间无统计学差异 RR0.97;95% CI 0.88-1.10;I2=0%
LMWH VS华法林生VTE复发
VTE复发:使用时间-事件资料,采用pooled analysis方法,对两篇已发表,一篇从作者
处获得的原始资料进行分析。
结 果:LMWH与VKA间有统计学差异 HR0.47;95% CI 0.32-0.71;I2=0%
LMWH VS华法出血事件间无统计学差异
文献小结
2014ASCO
2016CNNC
2016ACCP
• LMWH,UFH. • Crcl <25–30 ml, UFH or LMWH with antiXa activity monitoring is recommended [I, A]
LMWH over VKA LMWH,UFH or FXa therapydabigatran,rivarantagonists according to oxaban,apixaban or patient’s characteristics and edoxaban(2C) at first 3 clinical situation. months.
54 full-text articles excluded,with reasons; 14=unavailable data for cancer subgroup;1=case series;15=review;4=retrospective study;2=protocol;6=observational study;4=nonrandomizedtrial;4=no cancer patients included;1=only one cancer patient included;2=no relevant outcome; 1=different durations of intervention
Table 2 Efficacy and safety outcomes and net clinical benefit in all patients and selected patient subgroups
结果:共有8282名患者纳入该研究,其中一些关键的亚组,如骨折、 肿瘤(利伐沙班组232人,5.6%,标准治疗组198人,4.8%)、具有大的 血栓和既往有VTE复发使的患者,利伐沙班与标准治疗组间安全性和 有效性相似。
• 75%-80% of the initial dose for 6 months of LMWH is safe and more effective than VKA.(I,A)
Use of novel oral anticoagulants is not currently recommended for patients with malignancy and VTE.
01
02
肿瘤患者VTE初始治疗方案 肿瘤患者VTE长期治疗肝素VS华法林
03
04
肿瘤患者VTE长期治疗DOACs VS华法林 总结
参 考文 献
1.High Incidence of Thromboembolic Events in Patients Treated With Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy:
Long term treatment
• LMWH is preferred. • Indefinite anticoagulation in patients with active cancer or persistent risk factors. extended anticoagulant therapy (no scheduled stop date) over 3 months of therapy (1B), or have a high bleeding risk, we suggest extended anticoagulant therapy (no scheduled stop date) over 3 months of therapy (2B)
3. Anticoagulation for the long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ,2014,8(7).
LMWH VS华法林生存率及全因死亡率
流行病学
1.High Incidence of Thromboembolic Events in Patients Treated With Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy: wenku.baidu.com Large
流行病学
2.Venous thromboembolism in the cancer outpatient setting: contemporary rates and predictors in the United States[J]. Cancer. 2013 ,119(3):648-55.
1.0mg/kg bid序贯华法林或香豆素类抗凝药)。统计患者3、6、12个
月VTE复发及出血情况。预设的非劣效性边缘值为1.75。
Table 2 Efficacy and safety outcomes and net clinical benefit in all patients and selected patient subgroups
Chest. 2015;147(2):475-484.
6. Pros and cons of new oral anticoagulants in the treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer[J].Inter Emerg Med.2015,10(6):651-656.
5.Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with VTE and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Chest. 2015; 147(2): 475-484.
前 言
目前已经证实恶性肿瘤与VTE之间关系密切,恶性肿瘤 患者通常处于高凝 状态,与非恶性肿瘤患者相比,其发生VTE的风险更高。血栓栓塞事件已经成 为肿瘤患者的第二大死因。 肿瘤患者发生VTE通常初始使用低分子肝素(LMWH)进行抗凝治疗,长期 抗凝是否可转换为华法林?亦或更换为新型抗凝药?
主要内容
结论:单药利伐沙班与标准治疗方法相比疗效相似,主要出血事件显
著低于标准治疗组。疗效和安全性在主要亚组间具有一致性。
研究背景:直接口服抗凝药(DOAs)在预防VTE复发方面与传统抗凝药物相比 表现出同样的有效性和至少相同的安全性。但是否能同样应用于肿瘤相关VTE
还未可知。
方法:通过随机对照研究的meta 分析,评估DOAs在肿瘤相关VTE治疗中的安全 性和有效性。检索2013.12.17的数据,数据库包括MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL。主要终点事件为VTE复发,同时分析了主要出血(MB)和临床相 关非主要出血。数据通过Ors 和95% CI 。
United States[J]. Cancer. 2013 ,119(3):648-55.
3. Anticoagulation for the long-term treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev ,2014,8(7).
65 full-text articles assessed for eligibility
10 studies included in qualitative synthesis(11 reports) 10 studies included in qualitative synthesis(meta-analysis)
A Large Retrospective Analysis [J].J Clin Oncol.2011,29(25):3466-73. 2.Venous thromboembolism in the cancer outpatient setting: contemporary rates and predictors in the
肿瘤患者VTE指南推荐治疗方案总结 肿瘤患者发生VTE时起始治疗各指南均推荐LMWH。
长期治疗药物选择方面除ASCO指南说明无法使用
LMWH时可选择VKA,其余均说明LMWH优于
VKA。
活动性肿瘤或血栓诱因持续存在时,疗程不确定,长 期抗凝优于短期抗凝(3个月)。
肿瘤患者VTE长期治疗LMWH VS华法林
肿瘤患者VTE治疗方案选择
211ESMO
2014ASCO
2016ACCP
2016NCCN
2011EMSO
肿瘤患者VTE治疗方案选择
Initial treatment
• LMWH is recommended for the initial 5 to 10 days of treatment of VTE as well as for long-term secondary prophylaxis for at least 6 months.
4. Oral rivaroxaban versus standard therapy for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism:
a pooled analysis of the EINSTEIN-DVT and PE randomized studies[J]. Thromb J 2013; 11:21. 5. Direct oral anticoagulants in patients with VTE and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].
背景:肝素联合VKA是治疗VTE的标准方法。直接口服抗凝药已经 被研究用于VTE的急性和长期治疗,其能够避免胃肠外给药且不需要 实验室监测抗凝疗效。 方法:通过pooled analysis比较EINSTEIN-DVT 和EINSTEIN-PE研究 中利伐沙班(15mg bid 21d,随后20mg qd)和标准疗法 (依诺肝素