十四行诗 sonnet18

Shakespeare's Sonnets
Author(s) Country Language
William Shakespeare England Early Modern English
Genre(s)
works
Renaissance poetry
154
thine ---yours Thou ---you Thee ---you(object form) Thy ---your Hath --- the third person present sense of “have”
on the line 1 and4) ⒑(fair ---youth and beautiful complexion ) ⒓(synecdoche）(借代 the whole is expressed by the part）
translation
我可否将你比作那动人的夏日？ 尽管与你的可爱与温情相较，夏日要逊色很多： 五月骄人的花蕾被粗粝的风无情的晃动， 短暂的夏日也稍纵即逝： 有时烈日当空，光芒万丈， 有时却乌云密布，黯淡了太阳的光辉， 再美的人或物也会变得风华不再， 可能是因为偶然，也可能是因为在岁月更替，时光荏苒中慢慢消磨而去： 但是你那如夏天般的青春永远都不会消褪， 你所拥有的美好与美丽也不会消失 ， 死神也无法夸口，无法将你纳入自己的阴影之下， 当你使自己融入了我这永恒的诗篇中， 只要人类仍然繁衍生息在滚滚红尘中， 只要你与诗歌共存，它会使你永葆青春。
The rhyming(韵脚) of the sonnet
The last syllables in every line of the sonnet. For example , “abab” is the rhyming of the lines 1-4
The background of sonnets’ arising
sum/mer‘s day? ⒉Thou art/ more love/ly and / more tem/perate（温和，温柔）: ⒊Rough winds/do shake /the dar/ling buds/ of May, ⒋And sum/mer‘s lease /hath all/ too short/ a date: ⒌Sometimes/ too hot /the eye o/f hea/ven shines, ⒍And often/ is his /gild com/plexion/ dimmed, ⒎And e/very fair /from fair /sometime/declines ⒏By chance /or na/ture‘s chan/ging course /untrimmed: ⒐But thy/ eter/nal sum/mer shall /not fade, ⒑Nor lose /posse/ssion of /that fair /thou ow‘st, ⒒Nor shall/ Death brag/ thou wan/der‘st in /his shade, ⒓When in/ eter/nal lines/ to time /thou grow’st: ⒔So long /as men /can breathe /or eyes/ can see, ⒕So long/ lives this /and this /gives life /to thee.
⒊personification ⒋(metaphor)
⒌(P)
⒍ (p)
⒎(1 the one who owns beauty; 2 youth and beautiful complexion ) pun
⒐ paradox) （summer---youth and beautiful complexion) (metaphor） pun 双关( the “summer” here with the “summer”
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
我是否能把你与夏日比较？ 尽管你的美丽和温柔远超： 狂风肆虐五月柔嫩的花苞， 孟夏总叹吉日良辰的短少： 太阳普照下时而炎热难当， 夕阳西沉处常常金辉黯淡； 无奈花开花谢中红颜易伤， 苦于滚滚红尘里世事无常； 唯有你好似永夏经年不衰， 不失优雅气质而风华绝代； 死亡阴霾遮掩不住的美态， 定格在不朽诗篇字里行外： 只要人文延续，诵读不止， 传承此诗，你也流芳百世。
background
Form
Three types
Introduction for shakespeare’s sonnets General introduction
Characteristics of sonnet 18
Specific explanation of sonnet 18 Translation of sonnet 18
⒈ Shall I /compare /thee to /a
⒈simile--- considering the climate,
the most days of summer in England are pleasant but not hot for one’s living. it also implies that his friend is as energetic and active as summer）
Spenserian（斯宾塞体 ) ----this contains 3 quatrains and one heroic couplet
(英雄双韵体）at the end, Its rhyming is "abab bcbc cdcd ee"
the appreciation of short clip
English (Shakespearian)----this contains 3 quatrains and one heroic
couplet (英雄双韵体)at the end. Its rhyming is "abab cdcd efef gg" The turn comes at or near line 13----the start of “gg”
In the early sixteenth century ,the sonnets were gradually translated into English and the type of the poems came about in England In the late sixteenth century, the sonnet became the most popular type of the English poems . The well-known poets such as Spencer ,Sidney ,and Shakespeare did great contribution to its development
Time place Renaissance Italy----other European countries
Reason
influenced by Humanism (not living for God admiration for human beauty and human achievements mould the world as he desires attain the happiness by reasonable practice)
English renaissance
Period :early 16th – early 17th A star in the field of English literature
Drama sonnet
38 154
Biblioteka Baidu General idea
development Definition Introduction for sonnets
Characteristics of the poem
• • • • Careful structure Free style like the way of creating dramas Imaginable languages Full of emotions
★Describe destructive power of time
Theme of sonnet 18
Definition of sonnet
A sonnet is a lyric (抒情诗） of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme rule
Several types of sonnets
Italian (Petrarchan)---- this sonnet is split into two parts（an octave(八
度音阶)and a sestet(六行诗节)）. The octave is composed of two quatrains(四行诗体). Its rhyming(韵脚) is “abba abba” The rhyme pattern of sestet varies . The most often used rhyming is ”cde cde” or “cdc cdc” The turn occurs at the end of the octave and is developed and closed in the sestet.
The development of sonnets
the sonnets were first written in Italy. Petrarch n.彼特拉克（1304-1374)，
developed the sonnet to one of its highest levels during early Renaisance in Italy
★The eternal beauty that are bought from the poem to the one he loves ★A nice summer's day is usually transient, but the beauty in
The form of the sonnet
iambic pentameter（has five feet）(五步抑扬格---即有五个音步且都属于抑扬格 every foot （音步）contains two syllables（音节） If the foot is in the form of iambus --the first syllable is light syllable(轻读音 节), and the second syllable is heavy syllable （重读音节） eg: It’s time ︱ the chil︱ dren went︱ to bed. (four iambic feet) We’ll learn︱a poem︱ by Keats. (three iambic feet)
Revision for the last lesson
◆ period:14th -17th
●Political influence: the transitional period from feudal system to capitalist system) ●Religious influence: make a change from roman Catholic （罗马天主教）to Protestant（新教) ●Cultural influence：the arising of Humanism, which plays a significant role to the flowering of European literature ,art, science and so on.