2019-2020学年高中英语人教版必修三unit3 宾语从句-表语从句教案设计

教学过程一、课堂导入
概念引入
She doesn’t know (that) her f ather is seriously ill. 她不知道她父亲病得很严重。

Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 你可以告诉我怎么去火车站吗？The problem is when they can get there. 问题是他们什么时候能到那儿。

The problem is whether we can replace her. 问题是我们能否替换她。

二、复习预习
复习什么是宾语和表语，列举作宾语和表语的词性。

三、知识讲解
知识点1：宾语从句的定义
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。

宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。

有些形容词（afraid ,sure ,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。

She doesn’t know (that) her father is seriously ill.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
划线部分是宾语从句。

【考查点1】宾语从句的引导词
连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, if
代词：who, whom, whose, what ,which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 副词：when ,where, how, why 等。

She reminded me that I had a meeting to attend.
I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
【考查点2】宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。

例句如下：
I don’t know what they are looking for.
Could you tell me when the train will leave?
Can you imagine what kind of man he is?
【考查点3】宾语从句的时态
1.主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。

例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
2.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。

例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
3.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。

例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
【考查点4】it做形式宾语
常见句型
动词+ it+ 形容词/名词+从句
动词+it + 介词短语+ that…
owe it to sb. that… 把……归功于……
take it for granted that… 想当然/认为......是当然的
keep it in mind that… 记住......
bring it to one’s attention 使某人关注......
例如：
They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.
他们发现他们很难在两天内完成工作。

We all take it for granted that Mile can succeed. 我们都认为米尔能成功。

We should always keep it in mind that no knowledge gained is ever wasted.
我们要记住，没有知识是白学的。

知识点2：表语从句的定义：
表语从句放在连系动词如：be，look，seem，sound，appear等之后，充当复合句中的表语。

China is no longer what she used to be.
The question remains whether they will be able to help us.
划线部分是表语从句。

【考查点1】表语从句的引导词
连词：that (that 常可省略),whether, as if, as though
代词：who, whom, whose, what ,which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever
副词：when ,where, how, why, because等。

The reason was that he didn't understand me.
That's because he didn't understand me. （That's because…强调原因）
That's why he got angry with me. （That's why…强调结果）
The problem is who we can get to replace her.
The question is how he did it.
【考查点2】表语从句的语序
表语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。

例句如下：That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic.
知识点3：虚拟语气在宾语从句和表语从句中的应用
含有表示“请求、建议、命令、要求”等意义的词的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，常用虚拟语气，结构为：（should）+ 动词原形。

这类词有：一坚持insist，二命令order, command，四建议suggest, advise, recommend,propose,四要求demand, request, require, desire, etc.
It is suggested that the meeting (should)be put off till next week.
She insisted that we stay at her house instead of a hotel.
Her suggestion was that there (should) be a map of the world in each office.
The headmaster made the request that we (should) obey the traffic rules in a foreign country. 注意：
①suggest表示“暗示、表明”时，后面从句不用虚拟语气。

Her pleased look suggests that she has won the game.
②从句动作在insist之后发生→ 虚拟语气
insist
从句动作在insist之前发生→ 陈述语气
She insisted that she heard someone in the next room.
I insisted that you (should) be there on time.
She insisted the man stole her purse and be sent to the police station.
知识点4：几点注意事项
1. 只用whether不用if的情况：
（1）表语从句和同位语从句（2）介词后(3)与or not连用（4）与不定式连用（5）主语从句句首
My question is whether he left
It all depends on whether they will support them.
I don’t care whether he comes or not.
Idon’t know whether to go there.
whether the meeting will be held is still a problem.
2.在以下情况中that不能省略
(1)当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。

例句：He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you. (2)当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。

例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
(3)当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。

例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.
(4)当it作形式宾语时，that不可省。

例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time. （5）表语从句中that一般不省略。

The trouble is that I have lost his address.
四、例题精析
【例题1】
I ask her _____ come with me．
A．if she will B．if will she C．whether will she D．will she
【答案】A
【解析】宾语从句作ask的直接宾语，应用陈述句语序。

— I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week．
— Is that ______you had a few days off?
A．why B．when C．what D．where
【答案】A
【解析】由句子结构得知，空白处应选能在表语从句中作状语的连接副词，A．B．D．三个答案均能满足这一要求，但根据句意应选A，why为连接副词，在表语从句中作原因状语。

The reason Beethoven went away to the country is ______.
A．that he was gradually going deaf
B．because he was gradually going deaf
C．on account of the fact that he was gradually going deaf
D．since he was gradually going deaf
【答案】A
【解析】语法结构题。

本句的难点是：如果主语是reason，那么后面作表语的从句应由that引导。

本句的意思是：贝多芬去乡下的原因是他的耳朵正在逐渐变聋。

五、课堂运用
1. Can you tell me ________?
A．who is that gentleman is B．that gentleman is who
C．who that gentleman is D．whom is that gentleman
【答案】C
【解析】宾语从句应用陈述句语序。

“你能告诉我那位绅士是谁吗?”
2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants．
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
【答案】B
【解析】空白处为want 的宾语，应选用连接代词，而whichever常用作定语，whatever ＝anything that，故答案为B。

3. We students got lost in the forest and decided to remain ____we were and waited for the guide
A．where B．what C．how D．who
【答案】A
【解析】remain在此表示系动词，where she was做它的表语从句。

4. What impresses me most is _________ he appears in front of others, he wears a sincere and c harming
smile.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. that whenever
【答案】D
【解析】考查表语从句和状语从句。

从语境看，本题需要两个连接词，一个是表语从句的连词that，此时that只起连接作用，不在从句中做任何成分，而且一般不省略；表语从句中还有一个状语从句，表示“无论他在什么时候出现”，用从属连词whenever。

【巩固】
5. You can’t imagine ________ when they received these nice Christmas presents．
A．how they were excited B．how excited they were
C．how excited were they D．they were how excited
【答案】B
【解析】这是一个由how引导的宾语从句，在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序，故答案为B。

6. It was _____ he said _____ disappointed me．
A．what；that B．that；that
C．what；what D．that；what
【答案】A
【解析】what he said在复合句中做主语，that是强调句用法。

7. Our school is no longer ____ it was 10 years ago, _____ it was not well equipped.
A．what, which B．that , which C．what, when D．that, where
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查表语从句和定语从句。

no longer后面的表语从句不完整，it was 后面还缺少表语，根据意思是“20年前的样子”，后面一个句子是对20年前的补充说明，是一个非限制性定语从句，20年前学校设备条件不好，when 在定语从句中作时间状语。

8. Why the explosion occurred was ________ the laboratory attendant had been careless．
A．for B．because C．since D．that
【答案】D
【解析】表语从句中的that不可省略。

9. We agreed to accept _______ they thought was the best professor in the college.
A．whatever B．whomever C．whichever D．whoever
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查宾语从句中连接词whoever的用法。

连接代词whoever在从句中既起连接作用又作主语。

A、C两项虽为连接代词，但与句意不符。

B项只能作宾语，故排除。

【拔高】
请翻译下列句子。

10. Jill was ill. That was ___________________________(她为什么没来上课). (fail)
【答案】why she failed to come to school
【解析】why引导的表语从句
11. I find it difficult _________________________(任务应该被完成) in two days. (fulfill)
【答案】that the task should be fulfilled
【解析】it做形式宾语
12. The professor gave us a report on _________________________(我们如何学好英语). (learn)
【答案】how we could learn English well
【解析】on后面接有一个宾语从句
13. It was suggested ___________________________(推迟会议). (put)
【答案】that the meeting should be put off
【解析】从句要用虚拟语气
14. I am wondering ____________________________(我的室友去哪里了). (go)
【答案】where my roommates have gone
【解析】where引导的宾语从句
课程小结
本节课主要学习了宾语从句和表语从句，包括连接词的选择、语序、时态和虚拟在这两种从句中的应用。