(英语)英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析

（英语）英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Robots make me nervous—especially the ones which seem to think for themselves. I was embarrassed to admit this till I heard that Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, felt the same way. Gates said in an interview with the social networking and news website Reddit: "I am in the camp that is concerned about super intelligence. First the machines will do a lot of jobs for us and not be super intelligent．That should be positive if we manage well. A few decades after that, though, the intelligence is strong enough to be a concern."

Well, maybe I don't have to worry about my computer and kitchen equipment yet. After I use them I can always pull the plug. But in the future, machines might find a way to prevent us from switching them off. There's a terrible thought!

Maybe the problem with computers too clever for us is not that they are evil like some we've seen in sci-fi movies. What could put us in danger is that they might be too efficient. That's what philosopher Nick Bostrom from Oxford University believes. He says that machines are indifferent to humans and in pursuit of their own goals，the destruction of people might be just additional damage. Bostrom gives us an example: A machine which might have its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you. Because it is, well, a machine, it would not take pity on you.

It's a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics. They state that a robot may not hurt a human being or allow the human being to come to harm.

I'm glad my machines at home are "dumb". All my cleaner wants to take over is the carpet in my living room. Let's hope they don't create an appliance which wants to take over the world!（1）The author quoted Bill Gates' words in Paragraph 2 in order to make the text________.

A. better-known

B. more persuasive

C. better-organized

D. more interesting

（2）An intelligent paperclip machine would harm us because _______.

A. it is much cleverer than us

B. it would take over the world

C. it has the strong feeling of destroying us

D. it would see us just as material

（3）How does the author feel about Isaac Asimov's rules of robotics?

A. Optimistic

B. Worried

C. Disappointed

D. Regretful

（4）What does the text mainly focus on?

A. The benefits of future robots.

B. The new applications of robots.

C. The concern for super intelligence.

D. The popularity of robots in the future.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能机器人可能给人类带来伤害以及美国作家Isaac Asimov为此制定了三条机器人规则，作者旨在引起人们对智能机器人的关注。

（1）考查推理判断。因为比尔盖茨是一个名人，他的观点更有说服力，所以作者才会引用他说的话，让别人更加相信他的观点。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“A machine which might have its only goal to produce as many paperclips as possible might look at human bodies as extra material for paperclips and go after you.”可知智能的paperclip machine会把人类当成是加工材料而伤害人类。故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“It's a good thing that American writer Isaac Asimov thought about how far robots can go and left us his three rules of robotics.”可知作者认为Isaac Asimov所制定的机器人规则是好事情，说明他对此持乐观的态度。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据主题段第一段可知人们对于人工智能，尤其是机器人的迅速发展持有谨慎的态度，认为人工智能的过快发展会影响到人类的未来。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Forcing waiters and waitresses to survive on tips from customers rather than normal wages is a pointless, crude, and unique American custom that, in the past several years, a handful of progressive restaurant owners have attempted to do away with. Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, is about to join their ranks and has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company's 13 restaurants.

What, exactly, is wrong with tipping? As Brian Palmer has explained, more or less it's everything. To start, leaving a waiter's pay in the hands of customers has a feeling of classism (阶级歧视). And in theory, handing restaurant customers the power to tip is at least supposed to motivate better service. This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (随意的) about their tipping behavior. Research has shown that the amount diners tip has very little to do with their level of satisfaction. All of this doesn't encourage waiters and waitresses to do anything but turn over as many tables as possible.

Tipping is also very unfair to kitchen staff. The law allows restaurants to divide tips between front-of-the-house workers like waiters, hosts, hostesses, and bartenders (调酒师), but not cooks. This creates a system in which the people serving the food in a restaurant can earn more than the people preparing it.

One of the most fascinating parts of Meyer's move is that, unlike some restaurant owners who have taken an anti-tipping stand, he won't simply add a standard extra charge to diners' bills. Rather, Union Square Hospitality Group means to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal. If Meyer manages to move away from tipping at all without hurting his profits, it would almost certainly set the stage for others to follow suit.

（1）What's Danny Meyer's attitude towards stopping tipping?

A. Negative.

B. Supportive.

C. Objective.

D. Doubtful.

（2）What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A. Tipping may disturb the restaurants' management.

B. Tipping will guarantee diners high

quality service.

C. Tipping can arouse the staff's enthusiasm for work.

D. Tipping will bring customers a sense of satisfaction.

（3）What can we know about Union Square Hospitality group?

A. Brian Palmer is in charge of it now.

B. Its cooks earn much more than its servers.

C. Restaurant tipping has been totally banned there.

D. Diners will be charged more for the dishes there.

（4）What is the topic of the passage?

A. Restaurants' getting rid of tipping.

B. Difficulties that restaurants are faced with.

C. The popularity of no-tipping restaurants.

D. Tips on running restaurants successfully.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了强迫服务员和侍者靠顾客的小费，而不是正常的工资维持生计是一种毫无意义、粗鲁、独特的美国风俗，过去几年，一些进步的餐馆老板试图消除这种风俗。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Danny Meyer, CEO of Union Square Hospitality Group, is about to join their ranks and has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company's 13 restaurants.”可知Danny Meyer宣布他计划逐步停止在该公司13家餐厅给小费，这表明他对停止给小费是支持的，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“leaving a waiter's pay in the hands of customers has a feeling of classism (阶级歧视)．This fails in practice because humans turn out to be pretty arbitrary (随意的) about their tipping behavior.”和“All of this doesn't encourage waiters and waitresses to do anything but turn over as many tables as possible.”可知给服务员小费有一个阶级歧视的感觉，由于人类的随意性并不能达到预期效果，起不到鼓励服务员的作用。这些都会扰乱饭店的管理，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Ra ther, Union Square Hospitality Group means to raise menu prices enough to fully cover the cost of a meal.”可知Union Square Hospitality Group 打算提高菜单价格，这样顾客就会为饭菜多支付钱，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Danny Meyer, …… has announced that he plans to gradually stop tipping at the company's 13 restaurants.”点明了本文主要内容，下文介绍了给小费的不良影响及Danny Meyer这一举动的意义。本文是围绕禁止给小费这一事件写的，Restaurants' getting rid of tipping适合作为标题，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Little New Year (Chinese: Xiaonian), usually a week before the lunar New Year, falls on Feb 8 this year. It is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deity(神) who oversees the moral

character of each household. Here are six things you should know about the Little New Year, another sign of the start of spring.

⒈Offer sacrifices to Kitchen God

One of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New Year is the burning of a paper image of the Kitchen God, who will report on the family's conduct over the past year. The offerings to the Kitchen God include pig's head, fish, sweet bean paste, melons, fruit, boiled dumplings, barley sugar, and Guandong candy, a sticky treat made out of glutinous millet and sprouted wheat. Most of the offerings are sweets of various varieties. It is thought that this will seal the Kitchen God's mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends to heaven to make his report.

⒉House cleaning

According to Chinese folk beliefs, during the last month of the year ghosts and deities must choose either to return to Heaven or to stay on Earth. It is believed that in order to ensure the ghosts and deities' timely departure people must thoroughly clean both their persons and their houses, down to every last drawer and cupboard.

⒊Eat Guandong candy

Guandong candy, a sticky treat made out of glutinous millet and sprouted wheat, is a traditional snack that Chinese people eat on the Festival of the Kitchen God.

⒋Paste paper-cuts to windows

In the Little New Year, old couplets and paper-cuts from the previous Spring Festival are taken down, and new window decorations, New Year's posters, and auspicious(吉利的) decorations are pasted up.

⒌Bath and hair-cut

As the old Chinese saying goes, whether they're rich or poor, people often have a haircut before the Spring Festival. The activity of taking bath and haircut is often taken on the Little New Year.

⒍Preparations for Spring Festival

People start to stock up necessary provisions for the Spring Festival since the Little New Year. Everything needed to make offerings to the ancestors, entertain guests, and feed the family over the long holiday must be purchased in advance.

（1）What is the most unusual tradition in the Little New Year?

A. Offering sacrifices to the Kitchen God

B. Burning paper image of Kitchen God

C. Preparing the necessity for the New Year

D. Cleaning house and people themselves

（2）What is the Kitchen God's duty in the man's world?

A. Collecting the information of the man's world

B. Protecting the character of each home

C. Gathering sacrifices for other Gods in heaven

D. Overseeing the moral people in the world （3）Why are most of the offerings sweets?

A. Because the Kitchen God loves sweet foods.

B. As it is the traditional customs.

C. As people hope the God says good for them.

D. Because sweets are the best sacrifices.（4）Which of the following statements is probably TRUE according to the passage?

A. Little New Year always falls in February.

B. House cleaning is to welcome the New Year.

C. In the Little New Year only paper-cuts are pasted up.

D. People will make full preparations for the coming New Year.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国Little New Year的六种民间习俗，“小年”也预示着春季的开始。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“One of the most distinctive traditions of the Little New Year is the burning o f a paper image of the Kitchen God,”可知，小年夜最与众不同的传统之一是烧灶神像。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“it is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deity(神) who oversees the moral character of each household.”可知，灶神在人间的职责是监管各家各户。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“It is thought t hat this will seal the Kitchen God's mouth and encourage him to only say good things about the family when he ascends to heaven to make his report.”可知，人们用甜品贡灶神是为了让灶神替他们在天上美言。故选C。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第一段“…falls on Feb 8 this year.”可知A项不正确，根据第三段中的“It is believed tha t in order to ensure the ghosts and deities' timely departure people must thoroughly clean…”可知B项不正确，根据第五段可知C项不正确，根据最后一段可知D项正确，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

The killdeer, a small bird known for its high-pitched(声调高的)call, could lead to the cancellation(取消) of one of Canada' biggest music festivals.

The first hint of trouble for Ottawa's Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at the site found one of the birds. It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. "This is one of the most challenging problems we've been presented with, but we feel we can work through this," said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival. "Anything that changes the schedule has a major effect, so we're taking it very seriously."

The discovery meant that government officials rushed to protect the nest and the eggs, hiring a security guard to watch over them 24 hours a day.

Environmentalists were also brought in. "We don't know when the eggs might hatch," said Monahan. What is known is that the young killdeer will likely leave the nest soon after they are hatched, leading many to hope that the eggs hatch in the next day or so.

The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center. Moving the nest would also ensure the bird

and its young would be protected during the festival's 11-day run, said Monahan. It's highly likely that the festival's thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and its eggs. Monahan was confident that the festival would go on as planned, however. "Most of the people we're working with are looking for a positive solution," Monahan said. "There is no one saying that the festival can't go on."

As news of the dilemma spread, it left residents divided. Some supported the bird, saying that moving the nest might result in the eggs being abandoned. Others expressed annoyance that protecting the eggs of the small bird, which is widespread across North America, was risking an annual festival that contributes millions of dollars to the local economy.

The killdeer's tendency to build its nest in open fields or flat areas has caused issues in other areas of the US: earlier this year, construction of a health center in Wisconsin was temporarily stopped after a killdeer and its four eggs were discovered.

（1）What can we learn about Bluesfest?

A.It is the first music festival in Canada.

B.It is an important event for music lovers.

C.It is a music festival held every two years.

D.It is a challenging outdoor activity in Ottawa.

（2）What was especially challenging for Bluesfest this year?

A.Pressure from the government.

B.Disagreements with the public.

C.The need to protect the bird's eggs.

D.The lack of experience in hosting the event.

（3）How did the festival plan to deal with the problem?

A.Move the nest to another place.

B.Ask government officials for help.

C.Seek advice from environmentalists.

D.Hire security guards to protect the eggs.

（4）The underlined word "dilemma" is closest in meaning to "______".

A.a difficult situation

B.an extreme situation

C.a dangerous situation

D.an encouraging situation

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，对于音乐爱好者来说，非常重大的加拿大音乐事件Bluesfest,在上周工作人员在现场发现了一只小水鸟，它在附近下了四个蛋，把主要舞台区域作为它的筑巢地，以及就主办方准备将鸟巢搬离此处引发了人们讨论。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The first hint of trouble for Ottawa's Bluesfest, an outdoor festival that draws around 300,000 people each year, came last week after workers at

the site found one of the birds.”可知渥太华的Bluesfest,是一个每年吸引约30万人参加的户外节日。因此Bluesfest,对音乐爱好者来说是一个重要的事件。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“It had laid four eggs nearby, effectively claiming the main stage area as its nesting ground. ”小水鸟在舞台附近下了4个蛋；和第四段中的“‘This is one of the most challenging problems we've been presented with, but we feel we can work through this,’ said Mark Monahan, executive director of the festival.”音乐节执行总监说：“这是我们面临的最具挑战性的问题之一，我觉得我们可以解决这个问题”。得知保护鸟蛋是今年Bluesfest面临挑战的事情。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The festival is now seeking permission from Environment Canada to relocate(搬迁)the nest some 50 meters away or take it to a wildlife center.”可知现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可，将鸟巢迁移到50米外，或带到野生动物中心，可以得知为了解决这个问题，节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。故选A。

（4）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Moving the nest would also ensure the bird and its young would be protected during the festival's 11-day run, said Monahan. It's highly likely that the festival's thousands of attendees would cause huge problems for the bird and its eggs.”可知Monahan说，为期11天的节日活动中，移动鸟巢能确保鸟儿和其幼鸟得到保护。但是极有可能，成千上万的参与者会给这只鸟和它的蛋带来巨大的问题。可以推断出当时的处境困难，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

The noise of chattering mouths subsided（平息）as the teacher entered classroom. “Good morning class. I am Riffat Monaf, and I will be your geography teacher.” Riffat Monaf, an interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life.

Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes. It was in her class that I traveled to the highest mountains and to the deepest seas from the comfort of the classroom. I learned about the vast oceans, the erupting volcanoes, the snow-capped mountains and the green valleys. She would often relate her adventures about traveling to different parts of the world.

Never can I forget the glory of her face when she talks about how truly beautiful this world is. If I search back my love for the environment and geography, I find her to be the source of my love for preserving nature. If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it. Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students “my children”. Mrs Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration. She has been one of the most consistently good things in my life.

Currently, she is fighting a battle against breast cancer, and it pains me to know that after all

she has done for me; I can do nothing for her except pray. Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my life. .

（1）What can we learn from the second paragraph?

A. The writer traveled a lot.

B. Mrs Monaf was a learned person.

C. The writer did well at school.

D. Mrs Monaf enjoyed telling stories.

（2）The underlined word “rubbed off” means .

A. moved

B. shocked

C. influenced

D. defeated

（3）What do we know from the last paragraph?

A. Mrs. Monaf was an optimistic person.

B. Breast cancer made Mrs. Monaf upset.

C. Another great person may appear in my life.

D. Praying for Mrs. Monaf made the writer tremble.

（4）What would be the best title for the passage?

A. My Interesting School Life

B. The Teacher-student Friendship

C. An Influential Person in My Life

D. Brave Fight Against Breast Cancer

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了生命中有影响力的人。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Mrs Monaf not only conquered me with her vast knowledge of geography, but also won me over with her smile and warm eyes”.可知Mrs Monaf 是一个有学问的人。故选B。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“If one day I became an environmentalist, I know that I'll thank her for it. ”如果有一天我成为了环保主义者，我知道我会感谢她的。；“Apart from this, she has always greeted me with open arms and she calls her students ‘my children’”.除此之外，她总是张开双臂欢迎我，她称她的学生为“我的孩子”。；“ Mrs Monaf's morals and values rubbed off me deeply and I have always taken her advice into consideration.”Mrs Monaf'的道德和价值观深深地影响了我，我也一直把她的建议考虑进去。由此可推知划线部分的意思是“影响”，故选C。

(3)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Whenever I see her in school, she still keeps that kind smile and an expression so soft that it trembles my heart. Mrs Monaf still talks enthusiastically about geography, and I know that I can never see what a truly great person she has been in my life. ”可知Mrs. Monaf是一个乐观的人。故选A。

(4)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Riffat Monaf, an interesting name and an even more interesting person. Her introduction took place about six years ago, and since then I have never met a more influential person in my life.”可知讲述的是“我生命中有影响力的人”。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行分逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

Apple announced its new iPhones last week, but competitors' mobile phones can do many of the same things for less money.

The new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less.

At one time, Chinese manufacturers copied features and designs from others to produce low-cost phones. But they have now added high-end features to their phones and they control nearly half the global mobile phone market.

Media MarktSaturn is Europe's biggest electronics seller. A spokesperson for the store told Reuters that,“Huawei is seen as a relevant competitor to Apple and Samsung by c overing all major price points and placing big investments in marketing and sales. '' She also said that the Chinese companies Huawei, ZTE, Lenovo and TCL were among the top-10 best-selling smart phones in its stores.

Chinese manufacturers' fast growth has been fueled by strong sales in China. But they now export 40 percent of their smart phones. That is almost double the number from just three years ago, according to the Hong Kong investment company CLSA.

Huawei is currently the world's third largest phone maker behind Samsung and Apple. According to research company Canalys, the Chinese company is getting closer to second-place Apple and might overtake it later this year.The Chinese company even made fun of Apple's new facial recognition feature with a Facebook video called "Real AI phone." Huawei plans to show its top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have artificial intelligence features such as instant translation and image recognition and will cost less than $1,000. Other Chinese companies are looking to enter the high-end smart phone market.

（1）What is the text mainly about?

A. Smart phone's manufacturers.

B. Apple smart phone's features.

C. Asian phone makers' fast growth.

D. Competition among Asian phone makers.

（2）Which is NOT among the top 3 phone makers in the world?

A. TCL.

B. Samsung.

C. Apple.

D. Huawei.

（3）What do we know from the text?

A. Huewei will have overtaken Apple by later 2017.

B. Chinese makers' phones with high-end features cost less.

C. The top-10 smart phones are to enter the high-end competition.

D. 40 percent of Asian smart phones are exported now.

（4）What is the writer's attitude towards Asian phone makers?

A. Doubtful.

B. Concerned.

C. Optimistic.

D. Uncertain.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，苹果新机“遇冷”，国产手机“争霸”, 亚洲手机制造商快速发展逼近苹果公司。

（1）考查主旨大意。根据第二段“Th e new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end model, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less.”新款iPhone 8 和X 拥有无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、OPPO和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出1000美元的售价时，一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能。可以推断出本文主要讲述了亚洲手机制造商之间的竞争。故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Huawei is currently th e world's third largest phone maker behind Samsung and Apple. According to research company Canalys, the Chinese company is getting closer to second-place Apple and might overtake it later this year.”可知华为目前是全球第三大手机厂商，位居三星和苹果之后。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段“The new iPhone 8 and X have wireless charging, edge-to-edge glass screen and double cameras. But all of these features are already available in smart phones from China's Huawei and Oppo, and Korea's Samsung. While Apple asks buyers to pay $1,000 for its high-end m odel, some Asian phone makers can offer similar features for less. ”新款iPhone 8 和X 拥有无线充电、无边框屏幕和双摄像头。但是这些功能已经在中国的华为、OPPO和韩国的三星智能手机上得到应用。当苹果为其高端机型标出1000美元的售价时，一些亚洲手机制造商可以用更少的钱提供类似功能。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“The Chinese company even made fun of Apple's new facial recognition feature with a Facebook video called "Real AI phone." Huawei plans to show its top-of-the-line Mate 10 phone on Oct. 16. The phone will have artificial intelligence features such as instant translation and image recognition and will cost less than $1,000. Other Chinese companies are looking to enter the high-end smartphone market.”这家中国公司甚至在Facebook上发布了一则名为《RealAIphone》的视频，取笑苹果公司新的面部识别功能。华为计划在10月16日推出该公司顶级的Mate 10 手机。这款手机将具备人工智能功能，例如即时翻译和图像识别，售价可能低于1千美元。其它中国公司正在寻求进入高端智能手机市场。可以推断出作者对亚洲手机制造商很有信心，对亚洲手机发展前景乐观，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

On February 6, Space X, a private US aerospace company owned by Elon Musk, has successfully launched its new Falcon Heavy spacecraft, making it the world's most powerful rocket.

Falcon Heavy is the largest rocket since the retirement of NASA's Saturn V, which was used for the Moon missions in the 1970s. “Falcon Heavy can launch about 64 tonnes into low Earth orbit-that's almost three times more than the current running biggest launch vehicle, Delta IV Heavy, ”Imperial College astrophysicist David Clements told AI Jazeera. According to Space X, Falcon Heavy can lift into orbit a mass greater than a 737 jet loaded with passengers, crew, luggage and fuel.

The rocket was designed with the idea of earning humans into space and opening the possibility of flying missions with people to the Moon and even Mars. For its first voyage, it carried Musk's $ 100,000 cherry-red Tesla sports car and a fake space-suited human model fixed in the driver's seat. Musk joked that “it may be discovered by some future alien race”.

Falcon Heavy went into space on its last flight on February 6. The launch took place at NASA's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Kennedy Space Center in the US state of Florida, the spot also used for the Apollo 11 Moon mission and several space shuttle launches. It was delayed by several hours because of high winds in the upper atmosphere. Minutes after take-off, the two outer boosters (助推器) landed at the nearby Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

Space X announced plans to eventually use Falcon Heavy to launch two paying space tourists on a trip around the Moon. However, Musk said he will probably reserve that mission for another launch system, the BFR. Recently, Space X scheduled to launch a Falcon 9 rocket for NASA's TESS mission on March 20, 2018. It is reported that Space X is scheduled to complete 30 independent launch missions in 2018, at least half of which will use Falcon 9.

（1）Which of the following can function as a rocket?

A. A 737 jet.

B. Tesla.

C. Saturn V.

D. Space X.

（2）What do we know about Falcon Heavy from the text?

A. It was the latest rocket in the world.

B. It is of the same load as a 737 jet.

C. It is to be found by the creatures in the outer space.

D. It was launched at the same place for the Apollo 11 mission.

（3）What delayed the launch of Falcon Heavy?

A. Weather condition.

B. Program error.

C. Equipment failure.

D. Deliberate damage.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. The BFR will be completed in 2018.

B. The vehicle to launch space tourists is unknown.

C. Tourists will be sent into space by Falcon 9.

D. Falcon 9 will take 15 launch missions.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇时文报道类文章。2月6日，伊隆·马斯克的私人航天航空公司Space X成功的发射了猎鹰号重型航天器，使得它成为世界上最强大的火箭。文章介绍了猎鹰号重型航天器的具体情况。

（1）推理判断题。由第二段中的“Falcon Heavy is the largest rocket since the retirement of NASA's Saturn V”可知，Falcon Heavy是Saturn V退役之后的最大的火箭。由此可推知，Saturn V曾经是最大的火箭。故C选项正确。

（2）细节理解题。由第四段中的“The launch took place at NASA's Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Kennedy Space Center in the US state of Florida, the spot also used for the Apollo 11 Moon mission and several space shuttle launches”可知，发射Falcon Heavy是在佛罗里达州的卡纳维拉尔角空军基地和肯尼迪航天中心。该地也被用来执行阿波罗11号的登月任务。结合选项，D选项正确。

（3）细节理解题。由第四段中的“It was delayed by several hours because of high winds in the upper atmosphere”可知，因为天气原因导致它延迟发射。故A选项正确。

（4）推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Space X announced plans to eventually use Falcon Heavy to launch two paying space tourists on a trip around the Moon. However, Musk said he will probably reserve that mission for another launch system, the BFR”可知，Space X宣布最终使用Falcon Heavy将两位付费的游客送入太空进行环月旅游。但是，Musk又说有可能将该任务留给BFR来执行。由此可以推知，到底谁来执行该任务还不确定。故B选项正确。

【点评】阅读理解推理判断题解题技巧：推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。推理和判断必须以事实为依据，切莫主观臆断。

①那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

②推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知；作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

③要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法；不要脱离原文主观臆断。

8．阅读理解

One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto. It was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than Antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania.

Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星） in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.

Pluto's underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaugh's task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatory's founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (入侵).

Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. It's a reminder that there are many

worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn't the limit at all. We don't know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.

（1）Why did Pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?

A. Because it lost its major planet status.

B. Because it disappeared in the sky.

C. Because it was discovered by an American.

D. Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.

（2）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. An American Scientist: Clyde Tombaugh

B. Pluto was First Discovered by a Boy

C. Pluto's Strange Romance

D. The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania

（3）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?

A. Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.

B. Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.

C. Clyde Tombaugh's job was to build telescopes for Lowell Observatory.

D. Clyde Tombaugh's telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.

（4）What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably mean?

A. Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.

B. Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system.

C. Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.

D. Pluto is not a planet in the solar system, but it is more than a planet.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章讲述了小时候作者对冥王星的认识，以及冥王星被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了冥王星的神秘和魅力，这使作者认识到宇宙是无穷的，也是不断变化的，需要我们不停去探索。

( 1 )推理判断题。根据第三段Pluto, wh ich famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星）in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system可知，在2006年冥王星被从太阳系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故选A。

( 2 )主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是冥王星的被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了它的神秘和魅力。C项“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故选C。

( 3 )推理判断题。根据第四段Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.和On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (入侵).可知，是Clyde Tombaugh用他简陋的仪器发现了冥王星，成了第一个发现行星的美国人，并且给黑暗的大萧条时期带来了一线光明。故选D。

( 4 )猜测句意题。此句指冥王星的发现并不仅仅是一颗行星，它还让我们知道了宇宙无限大，天空根本不是极限，它们是不断变化的需要我们去探索。故选D。

【点评】考查科普类短文阅读。

9．阅读理解

Paying a higher price than usual for a ticket to see a film in 3D is the annoyance of many a cinema-goer's life.

But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.

The research found that people who watched a movie in 3D improved cognitive (认知) skills, compared to those who watched it in 2D.

The research was led by neuroscientist(神经学家) Dr Patrick Fagan from Goldsmiths University in London. More than 100 people took part in the experiment, where participants watched Disney film Big Hero 6 in either standard format or RealD 3D.

They also carried out a brain-training-style test before and after seeing a section from the film. The test covered memory, reaction times and cognitive function and the results were compared later.

According to the research, which was carried out in partnership with science group Thrill Laboratory, participants experienced a 23 percent increase in cognitive processing, as well as an 11 percent increase in reaction times.

Dr Fagan said that the results showed enough of an improvement in brain function to suggest that 3D could play a part in improving brain power in the future.

"These findings are more significant than you might think," he said. "It is a fact that people are living longer and there is a noticeable decline in cognitive brain function in old age which can worsen future quality of life. There has never been a better time to look at ways to improve brain function. The initial results of this study show that 3D films may potentially play a role in slowing this decline."

A second part of the experiment involved those watching the film being fitted with headsets that scanned brain activity and this too showed heightened (加强的) activity when watching 3D. According to the results, participants were seven percent more engaged with what they were watching, adding to argument that 3D movies are more like watching real-life—something Professor Brendan Walker from Thrill Laboratory agreed with.

"As Professor Brendan Walker's test concluded, 3D films are more attractive and heighten the senses — this, in turn, makes the brain run at quicker speeds," Dr Fagan said.

（1）According to the research, people watching a movie in 3D ________.

A. have a good exercise for their brain

B. lose their short memory of its plots

C. are willing to pay a high price for tickets

D. react the same way as those watching it in 2D （2）What can be learned from the research?

A. Watching 2D films limits brain function.

B. 3D would be a contributing factor in improving brain power.

C. The test was carried out after the whole film was viewed.

D. The participants took the brain-training-style test once.

（3）Paragraph 8 is mainly about ________.

A. the application of 3D

B. the disadvantages of 2D films

C. the change in brain function

D. the significance of the study

（4）The text is most likely to appear in ________.

A. a sports newspaper

B. a biology textbook

C. a science magazine

D. a film review

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍3D电影对人的大脑的益处。

( 1 )细节理解题。根据第二段as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests. 可知，看3D电影能锻炼大脑。故选A。

( 2 )推理判断题。根据第二段But there may be a benefit to doing so, as a study has found that 3D films exercise the brain and improve short-term functioning in a similar way to brain-training tests.可知，3D电影是一个促进大脑力量的因素。故选B。

( 3 )段落大意题。根据第八段第一句These findings are more significant than you might think （这些发现比你想象的更重要）可知，选D。

( 4 )推理判断题。3D电影是高科技产品，所以这篇文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上，故选C。

10．阅读理解

Our Museums, Galleries, and Zoo

19 world-class museums, galleries, and a zoo

The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area. In New York City, we invite you to tour two museums in historic settings.

Not near a Smithsonian museum? Look for exhibitions and museums in your community. Here we have listed some places to visit:

Tips & Guidelines:

Stop at any Smithsonian museum information desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.

Service animals are welcome at the museums and the National Zoo. Pets are not permitted.

Lunches should be properly closed or stored in lockers during your visit.

（1）he Smithsonian offers all these EXCEPT .

A. galleries

B. concerts

C. museums

D. zoos

（2）If you are interested in animals, you can .

A. go to 1661 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC

B. go to 8th and F Streets, NW Washington, DC

C. visit the museum 11 a.m. on Christmas

D. visit the zoo at weekends on June 25

（3）To arrange your visit better, you can .

A. have lunch during your visit

B. take your pets along with you

C. ask the staff and volunteers for help

D. fill in an application form before your visit

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了史密森尼博物馆相关的信息以及游玩建议。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area”可知史密森尼博物馆（Smithsonian）在国家广场（National Mall）上设有11个博物馆和美术馆，在较大的国家首都辖区有6个博物馆和国家动物园（National Zoo）。没有提供音乐会。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据National Zoo所在的表格可知国家动物园的开放时间为三月15号到九月，每天的上午九点到下午六点；十月到来年的三月14号是每天上午九点到下午四点，12月25号不开。所以如果对动物感兴趣，游客可以在六月25号去游玩。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Stop at any Smithsonian mu seum information

desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.”可知史密森尼博物馆的信息问讯处有友好的并且知识渊博的员工及志愿者，他们可以帮助你为参观做计划。所以如果你想更好的参观这里，可以寻求职工和志愿者的帮助，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。