简明英语语法 第一单元 词性
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简明英语语法
第一单元词性(Parts of Speech)
英语中的词是构成句子的基本单位,根据其意义或在句中的作用,分为10种类型:
(1)名词(2)代词(3)动词(4)形容词(5)副词
(6)数词(7)冠词(8)介词(9)连词(10)感叹词
其含义简述如下:
1. 名词n. (noun): 表示人、物的名称的词类,如:
Tom 汤姆, table 桌子, river 河流, happiness 幸福, China中国
2. 代词pron. (pronoun): 代替名词的词类,如:
I我, you你, this 这个, those那些, who谁, what 什么, some一些
3. 动词v. (verb): 表示动作的词类,如:
walk 走, speak说, jump跳, feel 感到, prove 证实
4.形容词adj. (adjective): 用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的特征, 如:
big —a big table 大桌子,small —a small river 小河,
old —an old man 老人,clever —a clever boy 聪敏的男孩
5. 副词adv. (adverb): 用来修饰动词、形容词、副词的此类,如:
quickly快—She walked quickly away.(修饰动词walk)她迅速走开了。
extremely 极度地—The meeting is extremely important.(修饰形容词important) 这次会议极其重要。
6.数词num. (numeral): 是表示数量和序数的词。
分为基数词和序数词,如:
基数词:one一two二, three三our四, a hundred 一百
序数词:first第一second第二, third 第三, fourth第四
7. 冠词art.(article): 是用来帮助说明名词的词类。
英语中冠词共有三个:
定冠词“t he”
不定冠词“a, an”
8. 介词prep.(preposition): 用来表示名词、代词与其他词之间的关系,如:
in 在……里面, in front of 在……前面, above 在……上面,except 除……以外,
against 反对,about 关于
9. 连词con. (conjunction): 用来连接词与词或句子与句子的此类,如:
and 和, but 但是, neither …nor 既不……也不, if如果,because因为,
10. interj.(interjection): 用来表示惊讶、喜悦、愤怒等感情的此类,如:
oh 哟, ah啊, alas哎呀, aha啊哈, my我的天, dear天哪
练习:
1.1说出下列句子中划线部分的单词的词性:
1.My wife, Amy, likes to sing.
2.So she decided to join the church choir.
3.She would practice singing while she was in the kitchen preparing dinner.
4.Oh, Joe,don’t you like my singing?
5.“Honey, I love your singing, but I just want to make sure the neighbors know I’m not beating
you.”
6.The morning following the birth of our first child, my husband came to see me from another
city.
7.He walked into the room quietly.
8.The woman was surprised to see a stranger.
9.But before she could say anything, my husband gave aquick smile.
10.The woman was speechless.
练习答案
1.1 说出下列句子中划线部分的单词的词性
1.名词
2. 动词
3. 代词
4. 感叹词
5. 连词
6. 序数词
7. into 介词, quietly副词
8. the 冠词,stranger名词9. a 冠词,quick形容词10. 形容词
教法建议:
Teaching Steps:
1. T tells the Ss: 英语中的词是构成句子的基本单位,根据其意义或在句中的作用,分为10
种类型。
有哪十种词性呢?(0.5min)
2.Teacher and Ss together say out the 10 kinds of parts of speech and describe its function in Chinese.
(10Min)
3.T gives Ss the handout and asks Ss to read the “information about parts of speech”. (8 min)
4.After reading T asks Ss if they have any problems in understanding. (? min)
5.Ask Ss to finish the exercise 1.1. And check in pairs. T goes round to monitor and gets the feedback.
(6 Min)
6.Ask Ss the check with answer given by T. T goes round to see the performance of the Ss to make sure
that every Ss achieved the lesson aims.
7.Ask Ss if they have any problem in understanding parts of speech.
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