翻译句子英译汉
汉译英 经典翻译
现在进行课堂讨论,特别 注意对原句的理解和译句 语感的再现
1.上课了? 2.他(听到这话)心里一跳,脸色也变了。 3.三四个酒保,都手忙脚乱,搬东搬西。 4.你不知道,他这个家伙背景复杂,不大讲 面子。
参考译文
上课了? (Have you) Just finished your class? How’s your first class? Has the bell gone? / Am I late for class? 他(听到这话)心里一跳,脸色也变了。 At this his heart missed a beat and he became pale. 三四个酒保,都手忙脚乱,搬东搬西。 The four or five waiters were busy rushing from one to another serving food and drink. (Outlaws of the Marsh) 你不知道,他这个家伙背景复杂,不大讲面子。 Don’t you realize that this fellow has all kinds of dubious connections and that he’s no great respecter of persons?
语言转换与思维
一、语言转换 序
之结构顺
• • • • • • •
(某)主体-行为标志-行为-行为客体 (某)主体-行为-行为客体-行为标志 S+ad. +V+O(C) S+V+O+ad. (E) 试译下列两句: 我30多年来一直没有见过他。
弗瑞德把它拿回家,几天之后,又把它包扎得 漂漂亮亮地送回来了。
•
• •
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
汉英句子经典翻译
绝妙的翻译汉译英时,多用物称主语。
1.走过草地几步,我们就到了一个华丽的大酒店。
A few steps across the lawn brought me to a large, splendid hotel.2.他的心中充满了恐惧。
Fear gripped his heart.3.清风拂过树梢。
A soft wind kissed the treetops.4.那个寒冷的下午,他在雪地里跋涉。
That chilly afternoon witnessed him trudging in thesnow.5.(我)便觉得有三分怅惘,三分无奈。
然而,思之又觉释然。
A touch of frustration and helplessness comes over me… a second thought brings me relievedcalm.6.他失去了勇气。
Courage deserted him.7.登上甲板,我们便见到了一轮旭日。
The morning sun greeted us as we came out on deck.8.他看到的远处的帆影,点燃了求生的希望。
The appearance of a distant sail kindled his hopeof rescue.9.发怒之后,我不难过,也不后悔。
Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst.10.今天青年期,他工作了,恋爱了。
Youth sees him on a job and in love.11.2012年9月我在北京学习。
September 2012 found me studying in Beijing.12.我想不起来他的名字了。
His name escapes me for the moment.13.生日那天,他收到了大量的礼品和贺信。
高中汉译英句子翻译中英文58句
高中汉译英句子翻译中英文58句2.I was_reading attentively in my own room when suddenlyhe knocked atthe door.我正在聚精会神地在我自己的房间里读书,这时他突然敲门。
3.The cute girl’s job as an accountant issatisfying。
in hermother’s n.在她妈妈看来,这个漂亮姑娘的会计工作很令人满意。
n/n,_you have been admitted by a key university.令我非常满意的是,你被一所重点大学录取了。
5.A policeman stood in the middle of the road,directingthetraffic.一名警察站在路中央指挥交通。
6.He was so kind that he directed me to the museum.他太好了,给我指了去博物馆的路。
7.I sometimes have no sense of n (direct) when Iarrive at the crossroads.当我到达十字路口时,我有时没有方向感。
8.The husband rushed to the hospital directly (direct) heheard that his wife was injured.丈夫一听到他的妻子受伤了就匆忙赶往医院。
9.Her husband was always there and she justtookhimforgranted.她丈夫随时都在身旁,她只是以为他理应云云。
10.Chatting on the。
mayhave a bad effect onyourstudy.网上谈天大概会对你的进修发生不良影响。
11.It’s said that the son will take over the company afterthe father’s retirement.据说(那位)父亲退休以后将由儿子接管公司。
汉译英句子翻译
热烈欢迎世界各地客商来海口,建立和发展商贸关系。
此后,武汉先后与一些世界名城如美国的匹兹堡市、德国的杜伊斯堡市、英国的曼彻斯特市、罗马尼亚的加拉茨式和乌克兰的基辅市等建立了友好关系,从而揭开了武汉与外国城市建立友好关系的新的一页。
Customers from various countries and regions are warmly welcome to Haikou to establish and develop business contacts. Since then Wuhan has established friendly relations with several famous cities of the world, such as Pittsburg in the United States, Manchester in Britain. Thus a new page is opened in the history of Wuhan on the establishment of sister city relations with cities in other countries.那天天色昏暗,黄沉沉,似乎要下雨,空荡荡的山谷,一片寂静。
A dirty-yellow sky had threatened rain all day and a hollow stillness hung over the valley.孩子的过往往往是父母的错。
战争带来的是灾难。
顺译:War brings forth misery.反逆:Misery follows war.她从来没想到他是个不诚实的人。
It never occurs to her that he is a dishonest man.悲惨的皱纹,却从他的眉头和嘴角出现了。
Miserable wrinkles began to appear between his eyebrows and round his mouth.自1983年以来,已经建立了一百多个这样的组织。
句子翻译英译汉
句子翻译音译汉:1.Their argument ended when she slammed the door and leftwithout a word.她砰的关上门,一声不吭地走了,他们之间那场争执就此结束。
2.The guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at thecommanding tone of the American.出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点儿意外。
3.Johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone .约翰尼已长大成熟,不再害怕独自呆在家里了。
4.While she felt like joining the argument,Nancy was too shy toopen mouth.南希虽然很想参加辩论,但腼腆得不敢开口。
5.What do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他?6.It is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because ofhis bad eyesight.他很可能会因为实力不好而被拒收入伍。
7.The committee members have conflicting opinions as to the bestlocation of the new airport.委员会成员在新机场最佳选址这一问题上持有不同意见。
8.Henry's works of art are superior in many respects to those of hisbrother's better.亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。
英语书后句子翻译英汉转换
英语书后句子翻译英汉转换一、1. 这座房子在地震中损毁严重,汤姆花了不少钱来修它。
The house was badly damaged in the earthquake, and Tom spent a lot of moneyrenovating it.2. 正如史蒂夫·乔布斯所指出的,不断摸索一直都是苹果模式的一部分。
As Steve Jobs noted, trial and error has always been part of the Apple model.3. 如果你总是无所事事,最后结果会怎样呢?当然是失败If you are idling around all the time, what will you wind up with? Of course, failure.4. 别犯错———现在可是关键时刻,谨慎是永远不会错的Don’t make a blunder—it is a critical time now, and caution will never be wrong.5. 你不要为难自己,毕竟你是个新手。
You shouldn’t beat yourself up; after all, you are a green hand.二、1.政府正努力改善公众的住房条件?The government is striving for improvements in public housing.2. 这五个圆环被认为象征了五大洲:欧洲?亚洲?非洲?大洋洲以及美洲?The five rings are thought to symbolize the five continents: Europe, Asia, Africa, Oceania and America.3.他父亲淡淡地一笑,试图要他放心,一切都安然无恙。
His father smiled weakly in an attempt to reassure him that everything was all right.4. 他的沉默实际就是拒绝。
高中汉译英句子翻译中英文99句
B5M1(句子翻译)’t_matter_whether you will attend the party or not.你来不来参加派对并不重要。
students are hot on playing computer games, while Wang Chen likes playing Weiqi. 许多学生热衷于电脑游戏,而王琛却喜欢下围棋。
.They have a lot in common and get along well with each other.3.他们有很多相同之处,相处得很融洽。
.They are twin sisters, yet they have_little_in_common in their hobbies.4.她们是孪生姐妹,但是她们的业余爱好几乎没有相同之处。
.In_common_with other companies, they advertise widely as well.5.和其他公司一样,他们也广泛地做广告。
.One false step will make a great difference.6.失之毫厘,谬以千里。
.The twins look so similar that you can hardly tell_the_difference_between them.7.这对双胞胎看起来太像了,你简直无法把他们区分开来。
.It might be obvious to you, but it isn’t to me.8.这对你来说也许很容易理解,但对我却并非如此。
.It_is_obvious_that the two Englishes have much in common.9.很显然,这两种英语有很多共同之处。
.Obviously (obvious), American spelling is simpler than British spelling.10很显然,美式拼写要比英式拼写简单。
英语句子翻译(汉译英)及答案
UNIT 11.她连水都不愿喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。
(much less)2.他认为我在对他撒谎,但实际上我讲的都是实话。
(whereas)3.这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释?(account for)6.这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。
(in the presence of sb.)1.你再怎么有经验,也得学习新技术。
(never too...to...)2.还存在一个问题,那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。
(use an appositional structure)3.由于文化的不同,他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。
than+ adjective)5.人人都知道他比较特殊:他来去随意。
(be free to do sth.)6.看她脸上不悦的神色,我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说。
(free as though)1.他说话很自信,给我留下了很深的印象。
(use "which"to refer back to an idea or situation)2.我父亲太爱忘事,总是在找钥匙。
(use"so...that..."to emphasize the degree of something)(ill at ease)6.当地政府负责运动会的安全。
(take charge of )UNIT 11.She wouldn't take a drink,much less could she stay for dinner.2.He thought I was lying to him,whereas I was telling the truth.3.How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?4.The increase in their profits is due partly to their new marketno means a great writer.4.He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins to loses.5.The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6.This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.UNIT 31.You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.1.It is a great pleasure to meet friends from a far.2.It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3.You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.4.Allow me to take part in this project:I am more than a little interested in it.5.Everyone knows that he is special:He is free to come and go as he pleases.6.Watching the unhappy look on her face,I felt as though she wishesUNIT 61.(Just) as a machine needs regular running,so does the body need regular exercise.2.He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.To our disappointment,he turned down out invitation.4.The reality is that,for better or worse,the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when (they are) required to answer questions.6.The local government took charge of the security for the sports。
200句英译中
5. 使我们惊讶的是,尽管考试的结果令人吃惊,但是老师一 点都不惊讶。
To our surprise, though the result of the exam is surprising, the teacher was not surprised at it.
6. 来自他全家的支持给了他解决难题的信心,最终他不仅发 现了新的疾病而且发明了新药抵制这种疾病。
8. 除了多吃蔬菜少吃肉,这些肥胖的男人们必须做一些锻炼 来减肥,例如打篮球,跑步。
Besides eating more vegetables and less meat, these fat men have to take several exercises such as playing basketball, running in order to lose weight.
10. 这个俱乐部的所有成员都担心气候的变化,因此他们发起 一个活动让更多的人来保护环境。
All the members in this club are worried about the changes of climate so they perform an activity to ask more people to protect environment.
some times, but he still spends some time on it
every day because he believes he will be
successful sometime.
4. 你可以试着从那个富有的女人来自里借钱,但我恐怕她连一 元也不会借给你。
You can try borrowing some money from this rich woman, but I am afraid she won' t lend even one dollar to you.
[经典英译汉翻译句子]英译汉在线翻译句子
[经典英译汉翻译句子]英译汉在线翻译句子(1) [英译汉在线翻译句子]优美的英译汉句子优美的英译汉句子(精选篇)No man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won‘t make you cry没有人值得你流泪,值得让你这么做的人不会让你哭泣。
The worst way to miss someone is to be sitting right beside them knowing you can‘t have them失去某人,最糟糕的莫过于,他近在身旁,却犹如远在天边。
Love is like a butterfly It goes where it pleases And it pleases where it goes爱情就像一只蝴蝶,它喜欢飞到哪里,就把欢乐带到哪里。
Where there is great love, there are always miracles 哪里有真爱存在,哪里就有奇迹。
The only thing you can do when you no longer have something is not to forget当你不能再拥有的时候,唯一可以做的就是令自己不要忘记。
thousand of time i have thought of you my heart is going highinto the air and flying with my blessing towards you i don"t care loneliness i am satisfied when you are happy and i am happy when i think of you!千万个思念,在空气中凝固。
扬起风吹向你,带着的祝福,寂寞不在乎,你快乐就满足,想你是的幸福!I need him like I need the air to breathe我需要他,正如我需要呼吸空气。
英译汉翻译
e.g.) Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others. 雷锋同志乐于助人。 The old woman is too apt to forget. 这位老太太太健忘了。
8.News came through on the wireless of a rich oil field district.
there would be a long and a difficult struggle.
Poor translation:他深信当时已出现以后会有场漫长而艰辛的斗争的基础 Proper translation:他根据当时已出现的情况,深信以后会有场漫长而艰 辛的斗争
10. What are the perspectives of the national liberation movement and the relations between China and the third world countries?
4.This failure was the making of him.
Poor translation: 这次失败是他造成的。 the making of
= a means of gaining great improvement or success Be the making of sb.
at the eleventh hour. (1)at the last possible moment. (Just before the last clock hour, 12)
e.g.) She always turned her term papers in at the eleventh hour. We don't worry about death until the eleventh hour.
名句英汉翻译
人生道路既铺满鲜花,
又布满荆棘。 ( 生活总是有苦有乐。)
2.
He was a dead shot. However, he met his Waterloo this time. 此句应用意译, 将a dead shot 译 为“神枪手”; Waterloo 可译为 “惨败”, 也可直译为“滑铁 卢”。 他是个神枪手, 可这一次却遭到 惨败/惨遭败北。
4.
He carried his age astonishingly well. 由于英汉表达上的差异, 此句不宜直译。 carry one’s age: 不显老。 他驻颜有术/一点不显老, 面容年轻得令 人惊讶。 5. She’d never again believe anything in trousers.此处需注意西方妇女衣着打扮 上的风俗习惯, 以及原文的情感语气。 除了参考译文之外, 也可在anything 上 做文章, 译作“那些不是东西的男人”。 她再也不会相信任何男人了。
7.
He walked at the head of the funeral procession, and every now and then wiped his crocodile tears with a big handkerchief.
此处的crocodile tears
可直译为“鳄 鱼的眼泪”, 亦可意译为“假惺惺 的泪水”。 他走在送葬队伍的前头,还不时用一 条大手绢抹去他那鳄鱼的眼泪。
一张贺卡可以温暖一颗心、握紧一双手、
倾听肺腑言、轻拍友人背; 它令人喜洋洋、 撩得心痒痒、抹去泪汪汪; 它给孩子以惊喜、 给恋人以温存、给新娘以祝福、给路人以 欢迎; 它可用以挥手道别、高声喝彩、送上 飞吻, 也可用以平息争吵、减轻痛苦、提高 士气、解除忧虑、开创新风尚。
英译汉语篇翻译
一位老人是这个持枪歹徒的第一个受害者。老人先被一辆 卡车撞倒,正当他试图起身时,被击中头部。
10. Mother: Is that your coat on the floor? Son: I’ll pick it up.
妈妈:地上是你的外套吗? 儿子:这就捡起来。
Thank you
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
经济学家认为,经济衰退比预测中更加严重。 很明显,等待已久的经济衰退已经到来。许多经济学 家认为国家经济活动的衰退比先前预测的更加严重, 持续时间更长。
5. President Jimmy Carter noted that inflation is the cruelest tax that anyone can pay. Many people agree with that statement, arguing that the persistent decline in the dollar’s purchasing power hurts people directly because products cost more, and also causes a kind of psychological damage. Recent polls have shown that the average American, far from being optimistic, expects prices to rise to ever higher rates.
7. Just as man has found great uses for the materials which he can dig up from the ground so, too, he has found important uses for the gases which he can obtain from the air.
中英汉互译
中英汉互译
1. 英文翻译成中文:
- 书籍是人类进步的阶梯。
Books are the ladder of human progress.
- 生活就像一面镜子,你若对她笑,她就对你笑。
Life is like a mirror. If you smile at her, she will smile at you.
2. 中文翻译成英文:
- 知识就是力量。
Knowledge is power.
- 塞翁失马,焉知非福。
A blessing in disguise.
3. 中文翻译成中文:
- 天下兴亡,匹夫有责。
Everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the country.
- 海纳百川,有容乃大。
The ocean is vast because it admits all rivers.
这些只是一些示例,实际上还有很多其他的中英汉互译内容。
如果你有具体的文本需要翻译,我可以帮你进行翻译。
请注意,翻译的准确性和流畅性可能会受到语言的复杂性、文化背景和上下文等因素的影响。
经典中英文翻译例句
6.I wouldn‘t care success or failure, for I will only struggle ahead as long as I have been destined to the distance. I wouldn‘t care the difficulties around, for what I can leave on the earth is only their view of my back since I have been marching toward the horizontal. (英译汉)我不去想是否能够成功,既然选择了远方,便只顾风雨兼程;我不去想身后会不会袭来寒风冷雨,既然目标是地平线,留给世界的只能是背影.1.我没有留心听他说话。
I listened to him with half an ear.with half an ear 不专心(听), 不很注意地2.不要妄下结论,先把事情搞清楚。
Don't jump to conclusion. We have to figure it out first.3.我不会提供任何意见,我想你该自己做决定。
I’m no t going to dish out any advice, I think you should take your time deciding.dish out 把...盛在盘中端上; (用餐时)分(饭) 发给, 分配; 发布(消息等) [口]滔滔不绝地讲出; 单调的背诵[美俚]施加(打, 骂等)4.我妹妹很固执,你要她改变心意根本就是白费力气。
My sister is very stubborn. You're just beating your head against a wall trying to make her change her mind.beat one's head against a wall白费力气;徒劳无功5.我们向你方保证这样的事件在以后的出货中不会再度发生。
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句子翻译音译汉:1. their argument ended when she slammed the door and leftwithout a word.她砰的关上门,一声不吭地走了,他们之间那场争执就此结束。
2. the guests at the dinner party were slightly surprised at the出席晚宴的客人对那个美国人威严的语气感到有点儿意外。
3. johnny has outgrown the fear of staying at home alone .约翰尼已长大成熟,不再害怕独自呆在家里了。
4. while she felt like joining the argument,nancy was too shy toopen mouth.南希虽然很想参加辩论,但腼腆得不敢开口。
5. what do you think is the likeliest time to find him at home?你觉得什么时候最有可能在家里找到他?6. it is very likely that he will be rejected by the army because ofhis bad eyesight.他很可能会因为实力不好而被拒收入伍。
location of the new airport.委员会成员在新机场最佳选址这一问题上持有不同意见。
8. heys works of art are superior in many respects to those of hisbrothers better.亨利创作的艺术品在许多方面比他兄弟的要好。
9. it is obviously that his young assistant who is running thebookstore.很明显是他的年轻助手在经营这家书店。
10. being short of funds, they are trying to attract foreign capital.由于缺乏资金,他们正在设法吸引外资。
11. the little girl ran so fast that she was thrown off balance and felldown.那个小女孩跑得太快,身体一下失去平衡,跌倒了。
12. be sure not to say anything capable of being misunderstood千万别说可能会被人误解的话。
1. “a woman?s reaction in any crisis,” the major says, “is to scream.and while a man may feel like it ,he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. and that last ounce is what reallycounts. ”4 他说:“一遇到危急情况,女人得反应便是尖叫。
而男人虽然也可能尖叫,但比起女人来,自制力却略胜一筹。
这多出来的一点自制力正是真正起作用的东西。
”2. the american does not join in the argument but watches thecontracting slightly. she motions to the native boy standingbehind her chair and whispers something to him. the boy?s eyes widen: he quickly leaves the room.5 那个美国人没有参加这场争论,他只是注视着在座的其他客人。
在他这样观察时,他发现女主人的脸上显出一种奇异的表情。
她两眼盯着正前方,脸部肌肉在微微抽搐。
她向站在座椅后面的印度男仆做了个手势,对他耳语了几句。
男仆眼睛睁得大大的,迅速地离开了餐室。
3. of the guests, none except the american notices this or sees theboy place a bowl of milk on the veranda just outside the opendoors.6 在座的客人中除了那位美国人以外谁也没有注意到这一幕,也没有看到那个男仆把一碗牛奶放在紧靠门边的走廊上。
6 the school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys,ranging in age from seven to thirteen. i should have to teacth all subjects except art, which he taught himself. football and cricket were played in the park, a mile away on wednesday and saturday afternoons.6 他说,学校只有一个班,二十四名男生,年龄从七岁到十三岁不等,除了美术课他亲自教以外,其余所有的课程都得由我来教。
星期三和星期六的下午要到一英里以外的公园去踢足球,打板球。
7 the teaching set-up filled me with fear. ishould have to divide the7 整个教学计划把我吓坏了。
我得把全班学生分成三个组,按三种不同的程度轮流给他们上课;想到要教代数和几何这两门我在读书时学得极差的科目,我感到很害怕。
更糟糕的也许是星期六下午打板球的安排,因为这时候我的朋友大都会在悠闲地自得其乐。
8 i said shyly, ?what would my salary be?? ?twelve pounds a weekplus lunch.?before i could protest , he got to his feet . ? now,? he said, ?you?d better meet my wife. she?s the one who reallyruns this school.?8 我怯生生地问:“我的薪水是多少?”“每周十二磅外加中饭。
”还没等我来得及提出异议,他已经站了起来。
“好了,”他说,“你最好见见我的妻子。
她才是这所学校真正的主管人。
”9 this was the last straw. i was very young: the prospect ofworking under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.9 我再也无法忍受了。
我当时很年轻:在一个女人手下工作的前景构成了最大的侮辱。
篇二:翻译(英译汉)翻译(英译汉)翻译1(共3题,每题5分)1第1题i’ve worked here since i graduated from university.我大学毕业后就一直在这里工作。
要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核时间状语从句的翻译,时间状语从句的翻译一般放在句首。
连词since表示“自从、自从……以来”。
第2题i’ll get in contact with you as soon as i arrive.我一到就会和你联系。
要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核as soon as引导的时间状语从句的翻译,as soon as表示“一……就”。
英语中有些词或短语,如instantly, directly, the moment, the instant, as soon as, so (as) long as, no sooner…than, hardly…when…等引导的状语从句,也可译为“一……就”。
短语get in contact with表示“联系”。
第3题we didn’t believe it until we saw it.我们直到亲眼看见了,才相信这事。
要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核until引导的时间状语从句的翻译,not…until的结构表示“直到……才”。
时间状语从句也可以采用转换的译法,译成并列句或条件状语从句。
翻译2(共3题,每题5分)2第1题the price will go up when history repeats itself.当历史重演时,代价就增加。
要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核时间状语从句的翻译,时间状语从句翻译一般放在句首。
短语go up表示“增加、上升、增长”等。
第2题hardly had the game begun when it started raining.比赛刚一开始就下雨了。
要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核时间状语从句的翻译,hardly…when…表示“一……就”。
否定副词hardly在此结构中不译成否定的意思。
类似这样用法的还有no sooner …than,hardly/scarcely…when引导的时间状语从句。
第3题you can see flowers in spring wherever you go.你春天无论走到哪里,都能够看到鲜花。
要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核地点状语从句的翻译。
地点状语从句的翻译一般采用顺译法,但有时也可将地点状语的翻译放在句首。
翻译3(共3题,每题5分)第1题you could find plentiful material resources wherever you go in that country.你在那个国家无论走到哪里,都会发现大量的物质资源。
感谢南岸电大老师,是他们才使我们有可能收集到这一系列资源。
在您使用这些资源时,请别忘记对他们要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核地点状语从句的翻译。
地点状语从句翻译一般采用顺译法,但有时也可将地点状语的翻译放在句首。
第2题we were very excited because our class won the first at last.我们非常兴奋,因为我们班最终获得了第一名。
要注意分析与理解句子成分与结构。
本句考核原因状语从句的翻译。
该句翻译采用的是顺译法,按英文的顺序来翻译的。
引导原因状语从句的引导词有because, as, since等。
第3题i had to get a new passport since my old one had expired.我得办个新护照,因为旧的已经到期了。