整理专业英语第二章

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物流专业英语UnitTwo课件

3 In a broad point of view, logistics
information also contains commodities
trading information and marketing
information.
Commodities
trading
information means selling and purchasing
Introduction
1 Part of an organization’s ability to use
logistics as a competitive weapon is based on its ability to adjust logistics performance in real time. This means the ability to monitor customers demands and inventory levels as they occur. A logistics information system which will impact all of the logistics activities must be integrated. Such system also must
7 Logistics information management is not only about dealing with the information about procurement, selling, storage, transportation and other logistics activities, but also every decision making about supplier selection, marketing plan and

专业英语-整理版

Chapter 1 Introduction: Why Project Management?True/False1) Projects have a process orientation. F2) Client interest in a project is highest during the termination and conceptual phases. T Multiple Choice1). A project typically has:A) A defined start and end date.B) A defined start date but no defined end date.C) No defined start but a defined end date.D) No defined start or end date.2) Which of the following statements about project success criteria is best?A) Project cost is an external performance measure.B) Completion time is an internal performance measure.C) Client acceptance is an internal performance measure.D) Client acceptance is often referred to as conducting a quality check.Short Answer1) What changes in the business environment have necessitated a greater use of projectmanagement skills?Chapter 2 The Organizational Context: Strategy, Structure, andCultureTrue/False1) The same project managed in the same fashion may succeed in one organization but failin another. T2) Organizational culture can be influenced in a variety of ways, including by rewardsystems and key organizational members. TMultiple Choice1) Which of the following is not an element of strategic management?A) formulating cross-functional decisionsB) implementing cross-functional decisionsC) evaluating cross-functional decisionsD) eliminating cross-functional decisions2) Companies that are structured by grouping people performing similar activities intodepartments are:A) project organizations.B) functional organizations.C) matrix organizationsD) departmental organizations.Chapter 3 Project SelectionTrue/False1) A simplified scoring model addresses all the weakness of a checklist model for projectscreening. T2) The present value of money is lower the further out in the future I expect to spend it. F Multiple Choice1) An internal operating issue in project screening and selection is:A) expected return on investment.B) change in physical environment.C) patent protection.D) chance that the firm’s goodwill will suffer due to the quality of the finished project.2) A project with the chance for a big payout may be funded if an important criterion is:A) cost.B) opportunity.C) top management pressure.D) risk.Short Answer1) What is the time value of money principle and how does it apply to project selection?P91, the front halfChapter 4 Leadership and the Project ManagerTrue/False1) The most important characteristic of a project leader is ability to inspire. F2) The new leader must make a conscious effort to distance himself from the people beingled. FMultiple Choice1) A project champion is:A) a project manager that always completes projects within the allotted time frame.B) a sponsor in top management that is keenly interested i n the project’s success.C) a project manager that always completes projects within the allotted budget.D) a project manager that always completes projects within the allotted time frame andunder budget.2) Which of the following is a traditional duty of a project champion?A) cheerleaderB) visionaryC) politicianD) technical understandingChapter 5 Scope ManagementTrue/False1) Scope management is the function controlling a project in terms of its goals andobjectives during the execution phase. F2) Scope reporting not only identifies the type of information that will be reported, but alsoto whom it will be reported and with what frequency. TMultiple Choice1) Which of these is not a typical element of a statement of work?A) introduction and backgroundB) a list of activities needed to complete the projectC) technical description of the projectD) timeline and milestones2) In the case of projects developed for external clients, work authorization typicallyaddresses:A) budget linkage.B) audit trail establishment.C) resource requirements.D) contractual obligations.Chapter 6 Project Team Building, Conflict, and Negotiation True/False1) The first step in assembling a project team is to talk to potential team members. F2) Cross-functional cooperation directly influences both the actual implementation of theproject and the team members’ assessment that the project experience was worthwhile. T Multiple Choice1) Project management people skills include:A) team building.B) scheduling.C) budgeting.D) project evaluation.2) Which of these factors does not influence cross-functional cooperation?A) accessibilityB) physical proximityC) rules and proceduresD) self-efficacy.Short Answer1)What are the steps in assembling a project team? Which is most critical? Why? P183Chapter 7 Risk ManagementTrue/False1) The risk is highest in the earliest phase of the project life cycle. T2) Contingency reserves require a construction company to hold back some funds in anaccount just in case something happens that increases the overall project cost. T Multiple Choice1) Risk management is a:A) three stage process.B) four stage process.C) five stage process.D) six stage process2) The probability that legal and managerial structures put together to develop and operatethe project will not perform well is:A) operating risk.B) political risk.C) organizational risk.D) integration risk.Chapter 8 Cost Estimation and BudgetingTrue/False1) Direct costs are those clearly assigned to the aspect of the project that generated the cost.T2) Material is an example of a cost that is recurring, variable and direct. TMultiple Choice1) Which of the following is a direct cost?A) laborB) rentC) depreciation on equipmentD) health benefits2) Workers paid $15.00 per hour with an overhead charge of 1.45 and a personal timeallowance of 1.15, have what total direct labor cost for an 8-hour work day?A) $151.30B) $174.00C) $200.10D) $236.80Chapter 9 Project Scheduling: Networks, Duration Estimation, and Critical Path True/False1) Preceding activities are those that must occur before others can be done. T2) A backward pass is performed when it is necessary to undo some work that has beenperformed in order to complete it properly. FMultiple Choice1) The least amount of float is found:A) in a resource-limited schedule.B) after a burst activity.C) on the critical path.D) after a merge activity.2) An activity has an optimistic time estimate of 15 days, a most likely estimate of 24 days,and a pessimistic estimate of 40 days. What is the expected duration of the activity?A) less than 27 days but greater than or equal to 26 daysB) less than 26 days but greater than or equal to 25 daysC) less than 25 days but greater than or equal to 24 daysD) less than 24 daysChapter 10 Project Scheduling: Lagging, Crashing, and Activity Networks True/False1) Finish to start lags are the same as additional activity slack. F2) The critical path may not contain a dummy activity. TMultiple Choice1) The most common type of logical sequencing between tasks is referred to as the:A) finish to start relationshipB) finish to finish relationship.C) start to start relationship.D) start to finish relationship.2) An activity performed by a subcontractor is scheduled for 20 weeks at an anticipated costof $100,000. Due to slippage on the critical path you need to reduce this activity by three weeks. If the subcontractor informs you that the activity can be completed in 15 weeks for $200,000, what is the slope for the activity?A) $20,000 per weekB) $33,333 per weekC) $5,000 per weekD) $13,333 per weekShort Answer1) What are the strengths and weaknesses of AOA and AON techniques?Chapter 11 Critical Chain Project SchedulingTrue/False1) If people believe that they built extra time into their initial estimates, they are usuallymore likely to begin project work right away. T2) The critical chain is usually the same as the critical path. FMultiple Choice1) The first step in TOC methodology is to:A) identify the constraint.B) exploit the constraint.C) subordinate the system to the constraint.D) elevate the constraint.2) In order to estimate completion of a Gaussian, or lognormal, distributed activity time witha 90% or higher degree of confidence, the time may be overestimated by as much as:A) 20%.B) 80%.C) 160%.D) 200%.Chapter 12 Resource ManagementTrue/False1) All that is needed to create a resource loading calendar is the Work Breakdown Structureand the activity network. T2) In-process inventory represents the amount of work waiting to be completed but delayeddue to unavailable resources. TMultiple Choice1) A project that must be finished by December 31st is:A) time constrained. P381B) resource constrained.C) mix-constrained.D) capacity constrained.2) The amounts of individual resources that a schedule requires during a specific timeperiods is referred to as the resource’s:A) loading.B) capacity.C) constraint.D) drag.Chapter 13 Project Evaluation and ControlTrue/False1) Gap analysis refers to any measurement process that first determines the goals and thenthe degree to which the actual performance lives up to those goals. F2) The project implementation profile assesses the performance of the project team withrespect to 10 critical success factors and can be used on an ongoing project. TMultiple Choice1) The first step in the control cycle is:A) setting a goal.B) measuring progress.C) comparing actual with planned performance.D) taking action.2) The project baseline is established by combining data from the:A) work breakdown structure and the project budget.B) time-phased project budget and the PERT chart.C) S-curve and the project budget.D) time-phased project budget and the work breakdown structure.Chapter 14 Project Close-Out and Termination True or false1) A project that is terminated by extinction is not completed successfully. T2) Closeout activities are typically among the highest priority activities in a project. F Multiple Choice1) The termination of Boeing’s Sonic Cruiser project is an example of:A) termination by extinction.B) termination by addition.C) termination by integration.D) termination by starvation.。

英语书第二单元知识点归纳

英语书第二单元知识点归纳Unit 2 of an English book covers various knowledge points related to vocabulary, grammar, and reading comprehension. In this summary, I willprovide a detailed explanation of each of these knowledge points, highlighting their significance and usage in the English language.Vocabulary:1. Synonyms and Antonyms:Synonyms are words that have similar meanings, while antonyms are words with opposite meanings. Learning synonyms and antonyms helps in expanding vocabulary and improving verbal communication.2. Homophones:Homophones are words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings. For example, "there," "their," and "they're." Understanding homophones is crucial for avoiding confusion in writing and speaking.3. Multiple Meanings:Many English words have multiple meanings depending on the context in which they are used. Recognizing and understanding these multiple meanings is important for effective communication.Grammar:1. Verb Tenses:English has twelve verb tenses, including past, present, and future tense. Understanding when and how to use each tense is essential for expressing actions accurately and conveying the right meaning in sentences.2. Nouns:Nouns are words that refer to people, places, things, or ideas. They can be singular or plural and can be common or proper nouns. Proper usage of nouns is vital for constructing grammatically correct sentences.3. Pronouns:Pronouns are words used to replace nouns, making sentences less repetitive. They include personal pronouns (I, you, he, she, it, we, they), possessive pronouns (mine, yours, hers, ours, theirs), and reflexive pronouns(myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, themselves).4. Adjectives and Adverbs:Adjectives describe qualities or attributes of nouns, while adverbs describe the manner or degree of actions or adjectives. Proper usage of adjectives and adverbs adds precision and depth to sentences.Reading Comprehension:1. Main Idea:The main idea is the central point or theme of a passage or text. Identifying the main idea helps in understanding the overall message and purpose of the reading material.2. Context Clues:Context clues are words or phrases surrounding an unfamiliar word that provide hints about its meaning. Understanding context clues aids in determining the meaning of unknown vocabulary words while reading.3. Inference:Making inferences involves using evidence from the text to draw logical conclusions. Inference skills enable readers to understand implied meanings and make connections between different parts of a text.4. Text Structure:Text structure refers to the organization or arrangement of ideas and information within a passage or text. Common text structures include chronological order, cause and effect, compare and contrast, and problem-solution.These are just some of the key knowledge points covered in Unit 2 of an English book. Mastering these concepts will enhance one's language proficiency and facilitate effective communication in English.。

人力资源管理专业英语整理完整版

人力资源管理专业英语整理HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】■★■人力资源管理专业英语PART A .管理专业述语一、人力资源管理:(Human Resource Management, HRM)人力资源经理:(Human resource manager)高级管理人员:(Senior executive)职业:(Profession)道德标准:(Ethics)操作工:(Operative employees)专家:(Specialist)人力资源认证协会:(The Human Resource Certification Institute, HRCI)二、外部环境:(External environment)内部环境:(Internal environment)政策:(Policy)企业文化:(Corporate culture)目标:(Mission)股东:(Shareholders)非正式组织:(Informal organization)跨国公司:(Multinational Corporation, MNC)管理多样性:(Managing diversity)三、工作:(Job)职位:(Posting)工作分析:(Job analysis) 工作说明:(Job description)工作规范:(Job specification)工作分析计划表:(Job analysis schedule, AS)职位分析问卷调查法:(Management Position Description Questionnaire, MPDQ)行政秘书:(Executive secretary)地区服务经理助理:(Assistant district service manager)四、人力资源计划:(Human Resource Planning, HRP) 战略规划:(Strategic planning)长期趋势:(Long term trend)要求预测:(Requirement forecast)供给预测:(Availability forecast)管理人力储备:(Management inventory)裁减:(Downsizing)人力资源信息系统:(Human Resource Information System, HRIS)五、招聘:(Recruitment)员工申请表:(Employee requisition)招聘方法:(Recruitment methods)内部提升:(Promotion From Within, PFW)工作公告:(Job posting)广告:(Advertising)职业介绍所:(Employment agency)特殊事件:(Special events)实习:(Internship)六、选择:(Selection)选择率:(Selection rate)简历:(Resume)标准化:(Standardization)有效性:(Validity)客观性:(Objectivity)规范:(Norm)录用分数线:(Cutoff score)准确度:(Aiming)业务知识测试:(Job knowledge tests)求职面试:(Employment interview)非结构化面试:(Unstructured interview)结构化面试:(Structured interview)小组面试:(Group interview)职业兴趣测试:(Vocational interest tests)会议型面试:(Board interview)七、组织变化与人力资源开发人力资源开发:(Human Resource Development, HRD) 培训:(Training)开发:(Development)定位:(Orientation)训练:(Coaching)辅导:(Mentoring) 经营管理策略:(Business games)案例研究:(Case study)会议方法:(Conference method)角色扮演:(Role playing)工作轮换:(Job rotating)在职培训:(On-the-job training, OJT)媒介:(Media)八、企业文化与组织发展企业文化:(Corporate culture)组织发展:(Organization development, OD)调查反馈:(Survey feedback)质量圈:(Quality circles)目标管理:(Management by objective, MBO)全面质量管理:(Total Quality Management, TQM) 团队建设:(Team building)九、职业计划与发展职业:(Career)职业计划:(Career planning)职业道路:(Career path)职业发展:(Career development)自我评价:(Self-assessment)职业动机:(Career anchors)十、绩效评价绩效评价:(Performance Appraisal, PA)小组评价:(Group appraisal)业绩评定表:(Rating scales method)关键事件法:(Critical incident method)排列法:(Ranking method)平行比较法:(Paired comparison)硬性分布法:(Forced distribution method)宽松:(Leniency)严格:(Strictness)3600反馈:(360-degree feedback)叙述法:(Essay method)集中趋势:(Central tendency)十一、报酬与福利报酬:(Compensation)直接经济报酬:(Direct financial compensation) 间接经济报酬:(Indirect financial compensation) 非经济报酬:(no financial compensation)公平:(Equity)外部公平:(External equity)内部公平:(Internal equity)员工公平:(Employee equity)小组公平:(Team equity)工资水平领先者:(Pay leaders)现行工资率:(Going rate)工资水平居后者:(Pay followers) 劳动力市场:(Labor market)工作评价:(Job evaluation)排列法:(Ranking method)分类法:(Classification method)因素比较法:(Factor comparison method)评分法:(Point method)海氏指示图表个人能力分析法:(Hay Guide Chart-profile Method)工作定价:(Job pricing)工资等级:(Pay grade)工资曲线:(Wage curve)工资幅度:(Pay range)十二、福利和其它报酬问题福利(间接经济补偿)员工股权计划:(Employee stock ownership plan, ESOP)值班津贴:(Shift differential)奖金:(Incentive compensation)分红制:(Profit sharing)十三、安全与健康的工作环境安全:(Safety)健康:(Health)频率:(Frequency rate)紧张:(Stress)角色冲突:(Role conflict)催眠法:(Hypnosis)酗酒:(Alcoholism)十四、员工和劳动关系工会:(Union)地方工会:(Local union)行业工会:(Craft union)产业工会:(Industrial union)全国工会:(National union)谈判组:(Bargaining union)劳资谈判:(Collective bargaining)仲裁:(Arbitration)罢工:(Strike)内部员工关系:(Internal employee relations) 纪律:(Discipline)纪律处分:(Disciplinary action)申诉:(Grievance)降职:(Demotion)调动:(Transfer)晋升:(Promotion)PART B. 基本面词汇个人素质>中英文词汇A Useful Glossary for Personal Qualitiesable 有才干的，能干的active 主动的，活跃的adaptable 适应性强的adroit 灵巧的，机敏的aggressive 有进取心的alert 机灵的ambitious 有雄心壮志的amiable 和蔼可亲的amicable 友好的analytical 善于分析的apprehensive 有理解力的aspiring 有志气的，有抱负的audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的capable 有能力的，有才能的careful 办理仔细的candid 正直的charitable 宽厚的competent能胜任的confident 有信心的conscientious 认真的，自觉的considerate 体贴的constructive 建设性的contemplative 好沉思的cooperative 有合作精神的creative 富创造力的dashing 有一股子冲动劲的，有拼搏精神的dedicated 有奉献精神的devoted 有献身精神的dependable 可靠的diplomatic 老练的，有策略的disciplined 守纪律的discreet （在行动、说话等方面）谨慎的dutiful 尽职的dynamic 精悍的earnest 认真的well-educated 受过良好教育的efficient 有效率的energetic 精力充沛的enthusiastic 充满热情的expressivity 善于表达faithful 守信的，忠诚的forceful （性格）坚强的frank直率的，真诚的friendly 友好的frugal 俭朴的generous 宽宏大量genteel有教养的gentle 有礼貌的hard-working 勤劳的hearty 精神饱满的honest 诚实的hospitable 殷勤的 humble 恭顺的humorous 有幽默impartial 公正的independent 有主见的industrious 勤奋的ingenious 有独创性的initiative 首创精神have an inquiring mind爱动脑筋intellective 有智力的intelligent 理解力强的inventive有发明才能，有创造力的just 正直的kind-hearted 好心的knowledgeable 有见识的learned 精通某门学问的liberal 心胸宽大的logical 条理分明的loyal 忠心耿耿的methodical 有方法的modest 谦虚的motivated 目的明确的objective 客观的open-minded 虚心的orderly 守纪律的original 有独创性的painstaking 辛勤的，苦干的，刻苦的practical 实际的precise 一丝不苟的persevering 不屈不挠的punctual 严守时刻的purposeful 意志坚强的qualified 合格的rational 有理性的realistic 实事求是的reasonable 讲道理的reliable 可信赖的responsible 负责的self-conscious 自觉的selfless 无私的sensible 明白事理的sincere 真诚的smart 精明的spirited 生气勃勃的sporting 光明正大的steady 踏实的straightforward 老实的strict 严格的systematic 有系统的strong-willed 意志坚强的sweet-tempered 性情温和的temperate 稳健的tireless 孜孜不倦的<教育程度>中英文词汇对照A Useful Glossary for Educational Backgroundeducation 学历educational background 教育程度educational history 学历curriculum 课程major 主修minor 副修educational highlights 课程重点部分curriculum included 课程包括specialized courses 专门课程courses taken 所学课程courses completed 所学课程special training 特别训练social practice 社会实践part-time jobs 业余工作summer jobs 暑期工作vacation jobs 假期工作refresher course 进修课程extracurricular actives 体育活动recreational activities娱乐活动academic activities 学术活动social activities 社会活动rewards 奖励scholarship 奖学金“Three Goods student “三好“学生excellent League member 优秀团员excellent leader 优秀干部student council 学生会off-job training 脱产培训in-job training 在职培训educational system 学制academic year 学年semester 学期（美）term 学期（英）president 校长vice-president 副校长academic dean 教务员department chairman 系主任professor 教授associate professor 副教授guest professor 客座教授lecturer 讲师teaching assistant 助教research fellow 研究员research assistant 助理研究员supervisor 论文导师principal 中学校长（美）headmaster 中小学校长（英）master 小学校长（美）dean of students 教务长dean of students 教导主任 teacher 教师probation teacher 代课教师tutor 家庭教师governess 女家庭教师intelligence quotient 智商pass 及格fail 不及格marks 分数grades 分数scores 分数examination 考试grade 年级class 班级monitor 班长vice-monitor 副班长commissary in charge of studies 学习委员commissary in charge of entertainment 文娱委员commissary in charge of sports 体育委员commissary in charge of physical labor 劳动委员Party branch secretary 党支部书记League branch secretary 团支部书记commissary in charge of organization组织委员commissary in charge of publicity 宣传委员degree 学位post doctorate 博士后doctor (PhD) 博士master 硕士bachelor 学士student 学生graduate student 研究生abroad student 留学生returned student 回国留学生foreign student 外国留学生undergraduate 大学肄业生；（尚未取得学位的）大学生senior 大学四年级学生；高中三年级学生Junior 大学三年级学生；高中二年级学生sophomore 大学二年级学生；高中一年级学生freshman大学一年级学生guest student 旁听生（英）auditor 旁听生（美）government-supported student 公费生commoner 自费生extern 走读生day-student 走读生intern 实习生prize fellow 奖学金生boarder 寄宿生classmate 同班同学schoolmate 同校同学graduate 毕业生<工作经历>相关中英文词汇 A Useful Glossary for Work Experiencework experience 工作经历work history 工作经历occupational history 工作经历employment 工作employment history 工作经历experience 经历business experience 工作经历specific experience 具体经历employment record 工作经历business history 工作经历employment experience工作经历business background 工作经历position 职位job title 职位responsibilities 职责duties 职责second job 第二职业achievement 工作成就，业绩administer 管理assist 辅助adapted to 适应于accomplish 完成（任务等）appointed 被任命的adept in 善于analyze 分析authorized 委任的；核准的behave 表现break the record 打破记录control 控制bread through 惊人的进展，关键问题的解决conduct 经营，处理cost 成本；费用create 创造demonstrate 证明，示范decrease 减少design 设计develop 开发，发挥devise 设计，发明direct 指导double 加倍，翻一番earn 获得，赚取effect 效果，作用eliminate 消除enlarge 扩大enrich 使丰富exploit开发（资源，产品）enliven 搞活establish 设立（公司等）；使开业；确立evaluation 估价，评价execute 实行，实施expand 推广；扩大expedite 加快；促进export 出口found 创立generate 产生good at 擅长于guide 指导；操纵implement 完成，实施import 进口improve 改进，提高increase 增加influence 影响initiate 创始，开创introduce 采用，引进innovate 改革，革新inspired 受启发的；受鼓舞的install 安装invest 投资integrate 使结合；使一体化invent 发明justified 经证明的；合法化的launch 开办（新企业）lead 领导lengthen 延长lessen 减少（生产成本）level 水平localize 使地方化manage 管理，经营make 制造maintain 保持；维修manufacture 制造modernize 使现代化mastered 精通的motivate 促进，激发negotiate 谈判nominated 被提名的；被任命的operate 操作，开动（机器等），经营（厂矿）originate 创始，发明organize 组织overcome 克服（困难等）participate in 参加perfect 使完善；改善perform 执行，履行plan 计划promote 生产，制造profit 利润promote 推销（商品）；创立（企业等）be promoted to 被提升为be proposed as 被提名为；被推荐为provide 提供，供应raise 提高reach 达到realize 实现（目标等）；获得（利润）receive 收到，得到，接受reckon 计算（成本等）recognize 认清（职责等）recommended 被推荐的；被介绍的reconsolidate 重新巩固；重新整顿reconstruct 重建recorded 记载的recover 恢复；弥补rectify 整顿，调整redouble 加倍，倍增reduce 减少，降低（成本等）refine 精练，精制reform 改革registered 已注册的regenerate 更新，使更生regularize 使系统化regulate 控制（费用等）rehandle 重铸；重新处理rehash 以新形式处理（旧材料）reinforce 加强renew 重建，换新renovate 革新；修理repair 修复，修补replace 接替，替换representative 代表，代理人research 调查，研究resolve 解决set 创造（纪录等）settle 解决（问题等）shorten 减低......效能show 显示,表明significant 重要的,有效的simplify 简化,精简sort out 清理speed up 加速sponsor 主办spread 传播,扩大solve 解决standard 标准,规格streamline 把......设计流线型strengthen 加强,巩固study 研究succeed 成功supervise 监督,管理supply 供给,满足(需要) systematize 使系统化target 目标,指标test 试验,检验top 头等的,最高的total 总数,总额translate 翻译,转化travel 旅行well-trained 训练有素的type 打字unify 使成一体,统一use 使用，运用utilize 利用valuable 有价值的useful 有用的verify 证实,证明vivify 使活跃work 工作,起作用worth 使......钱的,有......价值的advanced worker 先进工作者working model 劳动模范excellent Party member 优秀党员excellent League member 优秀团员<个人资料>中英文词汇对照 A Useful Glossary for Personal Dataname 姓名alias 别名pen name 笔名date of birth 出生日期birth date 出生日期born 生于birthplace 出生地点birthday 生日age 年龄native place 籍贯province 省city 市autonomous region 自治区prefecture专区country县nationality 民族；国籍citizenship 国籍duel citizenship 双重国籍address 地址current address 目前住址present address 目前住址permanent address 永久住址postal code 邮政编码home phone 住宅电话office phone 办公电话Tel.电话Mobile 手机E-mail 邮箱ext.分机sex 性别male 男female 女Mr.先生Miss 小姐Mrs.太太Ms (小姐或太太)height 身高cm. 厘米ft. 英尺in 英寸weight 体重kg 公斤lbs 磅marital status 婚姻状况family status 家庭状况married 已婚single 未婚unmarried 未婚divorced 离异separated 分居number of children 子女人数none 无street 街lane 胡同，巷road 路district 区Floor 楼层tower A A 座Mansion 大厦house number 门牌health 健康状况blood type 血型A A型B B型O O型excellent （身体）极佳PART C. 面试典型问题Q1：Can you sell yourself in two minutes？Go for it please.（你能在两分钟内自我推荐吗？大胆试试吧！）Q2：Give me a summary of your current job description. （对你目前的工作，能否做个概括的说明。

专业英语第二章(英译汉+汉译英)

(2-1) It is extremely hard to define dynamic range (DR) for an op amp, so lets start with a digital to analog converter (DAC) where DR is defined as the ratio of the maximum output voltage to the smallest output voltage the DAC can produce.定义运放动态范围(DR)是极其困难的，所以让我们从数字模拟转换器(DAC)开始，其中DR 被定义为DAC所能产生的最大输出电压与最小输出电压之比。

(2-2) The same definition of DR can be used for an op amp, and the maximum output voltage swing equals V OUTMAX. This output voltage swing is defined as the maximum output voltage the op amp can achieve (V OH) minus the minimum output voltage the op amp can achieve (V OL). V OH and V OL are easily obtainable from an op amp IC data sheet.同样的DR定义也可以用在运放上，最大输出电压振幅等于V OUTMAX。

输出电压的波动定义为运放所能达到的最大输出电压(V OH)减去运放所能达到的最小输出电压(VOL)。

V OH和V OL 很容易从运放IC数据表中获得。

(2-3) Noise fluctuates randomly over a period of time,so instantaneous signal or noise levels don't describe the situation adequately. Averages over a long period of time (root mean squared or RMS) are used to describe both the signal and the noise. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) was initially established as a measure of the quality of the signal that exists in the presence of noise. This SNR was a power ratio, and it was established at the output of a circuit. The SNR that we are interested in is a voltage ratio because the impedance is constant, and it is established at the input to the op amp. This means that all noise voltages, including resistor noise voltage, must be calculated in RMS volts at the op amp input.噪声在一个周期时间内随机波动，因此瞬时信号或噪声水平都不能充分地描述这种情况。

刚整理的专业英语课文翻译

第一单元Human bodyTo understand the human body it is necessary to understand how its parts are put together and how they function. The study of the body's structure is called anatomy; the study of the body's function is known as physiology. Other studies of human body include biology, cytology, embryology, histology, endocrinology, hematology, immunology, psychology etc.了解人体各部分的组成及其功能，对于认识人体是必需的。

研究人体结构的科学叫解剖学；研究人体功能的科学叫生理学。

其他研究人体的科学包括生物学、细胞学、胚胎学、组织学、内分泌学、血液学、遗传学、免疫学、心理学等等。

Anatomists find it useful to divide the human body into ten systems, that is, the skeletal system, the muscular system, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urinary system, the endocrine system, the nervous system, the reproductive system and the skin. The principal parts of each of these systems are described in this article.解剖学家发现把整个人体分成骨骼、肌肉、循环、呼吸、消化、泌尿、内分泌、神经、生殖系统以及感觉器官的做法是很有帮助的。

专业英语整理

专业英语整理Part1 生药部分TERMINOLOGY部分要求的词汇中药Traditional Chinese Medicines中药材Chinese Materia Medica (CMM)Traditional Chinese Medicinal MaterialsChinese Crude Drugs中草药Traditional Chinese Medicinal HerbsChinese Herbal Medicines ; (Herbal Medicines:草药）药用植物学Medicinal Plants民间药物Folklore Medicaments （Folk Herbs：草药）Indigenous（本土的）Drugs 中成药Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines中药制剂Chinese Medicinal Preparations药用植物学Pharmaceutical Botany生药学Pharmacognosy（药用植物分类学Pharmaceutical Plant Taxonomy）植物化学Phytochemistry植物化学分类学Plant Chemotaxonomy药用植物志Flora of Medicinal Plants中药药剂学Traditional Chinese Pharmaceutics中药炮制学Science of Processing Chinese Crude Drugs（显微生药学Microscopical Pharmacognosy）本草学herbals药典pharmacopoeiaStrengthening basic researches on Chinese Medicinal Plants and its relations to realizing the modernization of CMM 加强中国药用植物基础研究及其与中药现代化的关系一．词汇记载be recorded来源derived from（卫生事业health care , health undertakings明显的副作用：inciting side-effects疗效reliable therapeutical effectstherapeutic [,θerə'pju:tɪk] adj. 治疗(学)的;疗法的；对身心健康有益的）二．句子（中医药的健康理念和临床医疗模式体现了现代医学的发展趋势。

大学英语专业,综合英语,第二单元考点整理

U21.Board n. 董事会(on the board)；木板；甲板；膳食vt. 上（飞机、车、船等）；用板盖上(on board)；给提供膳宿vi. 寄宿My father and I only board here.Exercise: The old couple plans to _______some students from the university.2.Conceivably adv. 令人信服地；可相信地；想得到地Eg. Conceivably, this might work-but what an outrageous gamble it would be.可以想象，这种做法可能会行得通，但它将是极大的赌博.The master claimed he had a book that contained everything one could conceivably know about god.大师声称，他有一本包罗人们所能想象到的关于上帝的书。

3.Deceased adj. 已故的n. 死者；[法]被继承人vi. 死亡（decease的过去式）Be deceased 已故They are counting for the deceased and missing.他们正在统计死亡和失踪人数。

4.Executive adj. 行政的；经营的；执行的，经营管理的n. 经理；执行委员会；执行者；经理主管人员•executable可执行的；可实行的•executorial遗嘱执行人的•n. execution执行，实行；完成；死刑executive officer 行政主任，执行官Eg.The president of the United States is the executive head of the government.美国总统是政府的行政首脑。

Exercise: All of our supplies are supposed to ensure prompt ________of orders.5.Lineup n. 阵容；一组人；电视节目时间表Lineup star 主打星Starting lineup 首发阵容Eg. This lineup helped turn around the club’s economic fortunes.这个阵容帮助扭转了俱乐部的经济状况。

台州学院《专业英语》unit2翻译

台州学院《专业英语》unit2翻译Unit2Materials Science and EngineeringMaterials are properly more deep-seated in our culture than most of us realize.材料可能比我们大部分人所意识到的更加深入地存在于我们的文化当中。

Transportation, housing, clothing, communication, recreation and food production－virtually every segment of our lives is influenced to one degree or another by materials.运输、住房、衣饰、通讯、娱乐，还有食品生产——实际上我们日常生活的每个部分都或多或少地受到材料的影响。

Historically, the development and advancement of societies have been intimately tied to the members’ abilities to produce and manipulate materials to fill their needs. 从历史上看，社会的发展和进步已经与社会成员生产和利用材料来满足自身需求的能力紧密地联系在一起。

In fact, early civilizations have been designated by the level of their materials development.事实上，早期文明是以当时材料的发展水平来命名的。

（也就是石器时代，青铜器时代）The earliest humans has access to only a very limited number of materials, those that occur naturally stone, wood, clay, skins, and so on.最早的人类只能利用非常有限数量的材料，象那些自然界的石头，木头，黏土和毛皮等等。

专业英语2

• These nutrients are categorized as fats， proteins,carbohydrates（sugars and starches）， minerals， vitamins， and water. They are called essential nutrients because we cannot get along without them. We need them for energy， for building and maintaining body tissue； and for regulating body processes the three essential functions of foods in the body.
• • • • • •
氨基酸amino acid；必需氨基酸essential amino acid；脂肪fat(oil and fat)；粗脂肪crude fat；饱和脂肪酸saturated fatty acid；不饱和脂肪酸unsaturated fatty acid；
• 粗纤维crude fiber； • 膳食纤维dietary fiber； • 脂溶性维生素 liposoluble vitamin(fat soluble vitamin)； • 水溶性维生素water soluble vitamin； • 还原糖reducing sugar；
• • • • • • • •
folacin 叶酸（=folic acid） pantothenic acid 泛酸 pyridoxine 吡哆醇，吡哆素，维生素B6 biotin 生物素 sodium 钠 potassium 钾 phosphorus 磷 phosphorous 磷的，亚磷的，含磷的

专英2复习资料

合同 contract 应力 stress 铺装 pave 催化剂 catalyst 折旧 depreciation 质量控制 quality control 关键路线 critical path 施工组织construction organization 合同条款 contract term 投标过程 bidding process 耐久性 durability 水泥混凝土 cement concrete 应变 strain 规范 specification 施工图 working drawing 成本估算法cost-accounting methods 质量保证 quality assurance 网络图 network 标书 tender 保留金 retention money工程造价 construction costs预应力混凝土 prestressed concrete 结构工程 construction engineering 总承包合同 turnkey contract施工横道图the static as-built bars 挖方 excavation承包商 contractor静载 dead loading总时差 total float产权 encumbrance违约 breach of contract 土木工程 civil engineering 箭头图 arrow diagram填方 fill可靠性 authenticity活载 live loading预制 prefabrication最早完成时间 earliest finish1、关键路线是指网络图种具有零时差的相互连接地工序的连线。

The critical path is the series of interconnected activities through the network for which each activity has zero float time.2、人们在建造混凝土结构系统的过程中，在构思、设计施工和使用等各个环节中工作表现的好坏，取决于知识水平、培训程度和其他人进行交流的能力。

《护理专业英语》

be chosen from Nursing diagnosis
NANDA list
problems relate to patients and his family
整理课件
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3.Text analysis statement form of nursing diagnosis：PES
3.Text analysis The characteristic of nursing process
goal-oriented individual scientific
systematic dynamic interrelated
整理课件
河南科技大学护理学院马丽丽 12
3. Text analysis Nursing Assessment
整理课件
河南科技大学护理学院马丽丽 10
3.Text analysis
Nursing Process：
Nursing assessment
Nursing evaluation
Nursing diagnosis
Nursing implementation
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้Nursing planning
整理课件
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provide the basis for selection of nursing interventions
为选择护理措施提供依据
整理课件
河南科技大学护理学院马丽丽 16
3.Text analysis
NANDA（North American Nursing Diagnosis Association）北美护理诊断协会

生物化学专业英语单词(最新整理)

单词表第一章Prokaryote 原核生物Eukaryote 真核生物fractionation 分级、分馏biomolecule 生物分子organism 生物体、有机体membrane 膜nucleus 细胞核cocci 球菌bacilli 杆菌spirilla 螺旋菌Eubacteria 真细菌Archaebacteria 原细菌Gram-positive 革兰氏阳性菌Gram negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性菌Cyanobacteria 蓝细菌Plasma 细胞浆Mesosome 间体Nuleoid 拟核Sytosol 细胞质、原生质Bilayer 双分子层（膜）Protein 蛋白质Lipid 脂类Carbohydrate 糖类、碳水化合物osmotic pressure 渗透压Peptidoglycan 肽聚糖Subcellular 亚细胞的Ganelle 细胞器Genetic 遗传的Chromosome 染色体ribosomal ribonucleic acid rRNA Endoplasmic reticulum 内质网Phospholipid 磷脂Detoxification 解毒Golgi apparatus 高尔基体Refresh 更新Mitochondria 线粒体oxidative phosphorylation 氧化磷酸化fatty acid 脂肪酸degradation 降解Chloroplasts 叶绿体thylakoid vesicles 类囊体photosynthesis 光合作用Lysosomes 溶酶体Macromolecule 大分子Enzyme 酶Cytoskeleton 细胞支架Metabolic 新陈代谢的Centrifugation 离心Isolate 分离Equilibrium 平衡Density 密度Friction 摩擦力Velocity 速率Supernatant 上清夜Pellet 沉淀第二章Amino acid 氨基酸Enantiomers 对映体Tetrahedral 正四面体的Hydrophobic 疏水的、憎水的Aliphatic 脂肪族的Aromatic 芳香族的Polar 极性的Charged 带电荷的Glycine Gly,甘氨酸alanine Ala,丙氨酸valine Val,缬氨酸leucine Leu,亮氨酸isoleucine Ile,异亮氨酸methionine Met,甲硫氨酸proline Pro,脯氨酸cystine Cys,半胱氨酸Phenylalanine Phe,苯丙氨酸Tyrosine Tyr,酪氨酸Tryptophan Trp,色氨酸Asparagines Asn, 天冬酰胺Glutamine Gln,谷氨酰胺Serine Ser,丝氨酸Threonine Thr,苏氨酸Varginine Arg, 精氨酸Lysine Lys,赖氨酸Histidine His,组氨酸aspartic acid Asp,天冬氨酸glutamic acid Glu,谷氨酸base 碱carboxyl 羧基isoelectric point 等电点positive 正的、阳性的negative 负的、阴性的buffering 缓冲physiological 生理的Primary structure 一级结构Secondary structure 二级结构Tertiary structure 三级结构Quaternary structure 四级结构peptide bond 肽键sequence 顺序、序列covalent Bond 共价键polypeptide 多肽terminal 末端carbonyl 羰基resonance structures 共振结构rigid 刚性的rotate 旋转trans configuration 顺式构象disulfide bonds 二硫键α-helix α-落选hydrogen bond 氢键β-pleated sheet β-折叠片parallel 平行的antiparallel 反平行的random coil 无规卷曲unique 唯一的spatial 空间的arrangement 排列、安排linear sequence 线性序列residue 残基Hydrophobic interaction疏水相互作用Interior 内部的Electrostatic force 静电力salt bridge 盐桥、盐键van der Waals force 范德华力subunit 亚基allosteric effect 变构效应Noncovalent interactions 非共价相互作用protein stability 蛋白质的稳定dimensional 空间的、维的proton 质子donor 供体、赠与者lone pair of electrons 孤对电子collinear 在同一直线上Hydrophobic force 疏水力Nonpolar 非极性Minimize 最小化protein folding 蛋白质折叠Accessory protein 辅助蛋白质molecular chaperones 分子伴侣Myoglobin 肌红蛋白Hemoglobin 血红蛋白prosthetic group 辅基essential 必需的heme 血红素crevice 缝隙protoporphyrin 原卟啉porphyrin 卟啉ferrous 含铁的proximal 最接近的cooperative 协同的noncooperative 非协同的dissociation curve 解离曲线sigmoidal S形曲线hyperbolic 双曲线affinity 亲和性blood capillaries 血管Bohr effect 波尔效应2,3-biphosphoglycerate 2,3-二磷酸甘油酸Mechanism 机制Relaxed state 松弛状态tense state 紧张状态hemoglobinopathies 血红蛋白分子病Sickle-cell anemia 镰刀形细胞贫血症Erythrocyte 红血球sticky patch 粘性小区therapeutic 治疗的Collagen 胶原蛋白Skin 皮肤Bone 骨骼Tendon 腱Cartilage 软骨blood vessel 血管mammal 哺乳动物fibrous 纤维状的tripeptide 三肽的triple-helical 三股螺旋的cross-linke 交联Allysine 醛基赖氨酸Antibodie 抗体immune system 免疫系统pathogen 病原体trigger 引发、触发response 响应、应答antigen 抗原antigenic determine 抗原决定簇epitope 抗原决定簇Immunolocalization 免疫定位Antibody 抗体Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assayELISA酶联免疫吸附测定purification 提纯、纯化Homogenization 匀浆solubilization 溶解Ammonium sulfate 硫酸铵Precipitation 沉淀Dialysis 透析Chromatographic techniques 层析技术gel filtration 凝胶过滤affinity chromatography 亲和层析Electrophoretic techniques 电泳技术isoelectric focusing 等电聚焦SDS polyacrylamide gel eletrophoresisSDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳semi-permeable 半透性ligand 配基inert 惰性的matrix 基质elute 洗出、流出lectin 外源凝集素glycoprotein 糖蛋白molecular sieve 分子筛polyampholytes 聚两性电解质gradient 梯度migrate 迁移、移动chymotrypsin 胰凝乳蛋白酶sequencing 测序2-mercaptoethanol ２－巯基乙醇ninhydrin 茚三酮fluorescamine 荧光胺fluorodinitrobenzene 二硝基氟苯dansyl chloride 丹磺酰氯phenyl isothiocyanate PITC苯异硫氰酸酯fragment 片断、碎片encoding 编码decipher 解读、破译anchor 锚定第三章biocatalyst 生物催化剂active site 活性中心substrate 底物The induced –fit model 诱导契合学说Stereospecificity 立体异构专一性Specificity 专一性Trypsin 胰蛋白酶Elastase 弹性蛋白酶Oxidoreductase 氧化还原酶Transferase 转移酶Hydrolase 水解酶Lyase 裂合酶Isomerase 异构酶Ligase 连接酶Ribozyme 核酶Abzyme 抗体酶catalytic antibody 抗体酶analog 类似物assay 化验、测定optimal 最佳的Coenzyme 辅酶Cofactor 辅因子apoenzyme 脱辅酶holoenzyme 全酶acetylcholinesterase 乙酰胆碱酯酶Nicotinamide 烟酰胺Adenine 腺嘌呤Dinucleotide 二核苷酸Phosphate 磷酸Oxidation 氧化reduction 还原Flavin 黄素Mononucleotide 单核苷酸Acyl 酰基thiamine pyrophosphate 焦磷酸硫胺素decarboxylase 脱羧酶Pyridoxal 吡哆醛Pyridoxamine 吡哆胺Pyridoxine 吡哆醇Ubiquinone 泛醌Isoenzymes 同功酶Kinetic 动力学lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶proportional 成比例的saturate 使饱和thermal 热的denaturation 变性optimum 最适宜的diversity 多样性Michaelis-Menten equation 米氏方程double-reciprocal plot 双倒数作图法inhibition 抑制Inhibitor 抑制剂Metabolite 代谢物Irreversible 不可逆的Reversible 可逆的Competitive 竞争性的Noncompetitive 非竞争性的Probe 探测Clinically 临床上Regulation 调节committed step 关键步骤activator 激活剂Adjust 调节Feedback 反馈Sequential 连续的Branched 分支的Conformational 构象的homotropic effect 同促效应heterotropic effect 异促效应Phosphofructokinase 磷酸果糖激酶Citrate 柠檬酸盐Fructose 2,6 bisphosphate 2,6-二磷酸果糖phosphorylation 磷酸化dephosphorylation 去磷酸化hydroxyl 羟基hormone 激素Glycogen phosphorylase 糖原磷酸化酶Phosphorylate 使磷酸化glycogen synthase 糖原合酶unphosphorylate 使去磷酸化proteolytic 蛋白质水解的proenzymes 酶原zymogen 酶原hydrolysis 水解pancreatic 胰腺的pancreas 胰腺small intestine 小肠blood clotting 血液凝固amplification 扩大cascade 级联第四章boundary 边界compartments 小室Mechanical 机械的signaling 发信号insoluble 不可溶的glycerophospholipids 甘油磷脂类sphingolipids 鞘脂类sterols 固醇类glycerol 甘油sphingosine 鞘氨醇sphingomyelins 鞘磷脂cholesterol 胆固醇steroid 类固醇Amphipathic 两性的Hydrophilic 亲水的Bulky 体积大的self-assemble 自组装的fluidity 流动性rotational 转动的lateral 侧向的Fluid mosaic model 流体镶嵌模型Integral 整体的、内在的Flip 翻跟头integral membrane proteins 内在膜蛋白peripheral membrane proteins外周膜蛋白asymmetry 不对称asymmetrically 不对称地membrane-spaning protein 跨膜蛋白Multiple 多重的Lipid-anchored proteins 脂锚定蛋白Heterokaryon 异核体Fusion 融合Reconstitution 重建Reincorporated 重新合并Extracellular 细胞外的Intercellular 细胞内的Passive transport 被动运输active transport 主动运输concentration 浓度diffusion 扩散saturable 可饱和的facilitated 协助的、推动的symport 同向运送antiport 逆向运送epithelial cells 上皮细胞exocytosis 分泌作用endocytosis 内吞作用phagocytosis 吞噬作用pinocytosis 胞饮作用Receptor mediated endocytosis fusion受体介导的内吞作用debris 碎片transduction 转导Lipophilic 亲脂性的Receptors 受体second messengers 第二信使第五章Nucleic acid 核酸Replication 复制Nucleotide 核苷酸Pyrimidine 嘧啶Guanine 鸟嘌呤Thymine 胸腺嘧啶Cytosine 胞嘧啶Nucleoside 核苷Deoxyribonucleoside 脱氧核糖核苷ribonucleoside 核糖核苷deoxyribonucleotide 脱氧核糖核苷酸genes 基因complementarily 互补地nucleosome 核小体loop 突环rosette 玫瑰花结semi-conservative 半保留的polymerase 聚合酶template 模板primer 引物fork 叉Bidirectional 双向的Okazaki fragments 冈崎片段semi-discontinuous 半不连续的strand 链、一股hybridization 杂交melting temperature 熔融温度renaturation 复性labeled 标记的fluorescent 荧光的tag 标记、标签annealing 退火amplify 增强、扩大The central dogma 中心法则Transcription 转录initiation 起始Elongation 延伸termination 终止promoters 启动子palindrome 回文结构processing 加工splicing 拼接reverse transcription 逆转录第六章genetic code 遗传密码intermediate 中间的、媒介codons 密码子unambiguous 明确的correspond 相应、符合degenerate 简并的mutation 变异incorporation 合并nonoverlapping 不相重叠的reading frames 阅读框aminoacyl-tRNA 氨酰-tRNA peptidyl-tRNA 肽酰-tRNA stem 茎、干、臂anticodon 反密码子translocation 移位第七章metabolism 代谢Saccharides 糖类monosaccharides 单糖aldehyde group 醛基ketone group 酮基Stereoisomers 立体异构体Oligosaccharides 寡糖Glycosidic bond 糖苷键Polysaccharides 多糖Starch 淀粉Cellulose 纤维素Dextran 葡聚糖Amylose 直链淀粉amylopectin 支链淀粉Glycolysis 糖酵解Cytoplasm 细胞质Glucose 葡萄糖Galactose 半乳糖Mannose 甘露糖Sucrose 蔗糖Trehalose 海藻糖Lactose 乳糖Hexokinase 己糖激酶Fructose 果糖Phosphoglucoisomerase 磷酸葡萄糖变位酶Bisphosphate 二磷酸glyceraldehydes 甘油醛dihydroxyacetone 二羟丙酮aldolase 醛缩酶triose 丙糖1,3-bisphosphoglycerate 1,3 二磷酸甘油酸dehydrogenase 脱氢酶3-phosphoglycerate 3-磷酸甘油酸kinase 激酶mutase 变位酶phosphoenolpyruvate 磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸enolase 烯醇化酶pyruvate 丙酮酸Gluconeogenesis 糖异生Noncarbhydrate 非糖的Liver 肝脏skeletal muscle 骨骼肌phosphorylase 磷酸化酶Phosphorolysis 磷酸化pyrophosphorylase 焦磷酸化酶glucosyl 葡萄糖基nonreducing end 非还原端Epinephrine 肾上腺素glucagon 胰高血糖素Insulin 胰岛素第八章fatty acid 脂肪酸hydrocarbon 烃、碳氢化合物carboxylic acid 羧酸Unsaturated 不饱和的Triacylglycerol 三酰甘油Acetyl 乙酰基Thioester 硫酯Carnitine 肉(毒)碱Hydration 水合作用Thiolysis 硫解Consume 消耗ketone bodies 酮体acetoacetate 乙酰乙酸D-3-hydroxybutyrate D-3-羟基丁酸Acetone 丙酮diabetes 糖尿病toxic 有毒的lethal 致命的multifunctional 多功能的malonyl 丙二酰基carboxylation 羧化condensation 缩合acetoacetyl 乙酰乙酰基hydroxybutyryl 羟丁酰基crotonyl 丁烯酰基butyryl 丁酰基hydrolyzation 水解作用palmitoyl 软脂酰基palmitate 软脂酸lipoproteins 脂蛋白globular 球状的micelle 胶束、微囊第九章Respiration 呼吸作用citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环、三羧酸循环concomitant 伴随的isocitrate 异柠檬酸酸盐α-ketoglutarateα-酮戊二酸succinate 琥珀酸盐succinyl 琥珀酰基fumarate 延胡索酸盐malate 苹果酸盐oxaloacetate 草酰乙酸盐cytochrome 细胞色素oxidase 氧化酶reductase 还原酶Rotatory 旋转的engine 发动机第十章Nitrogen 氮Diet 常吃的食物Erythrose 赤藓糖Ribose 核糖Transamination 转氨基作用Deamination 脱氨基作用Transdeamination 联合脱氨基作用Ammonia 氨Excrete 排泄Aquatic 水生uric acid 尿酸terrestrial 陆生的reptile 爬行动物urea 尿素vertebrates 脊椎动物ornithine 鸟氨酸arginine 精氨酸citrullin 瓜氨酸permanently 不变地。

口腔医学专业英语(最新整理)

第一章口腔颌面部发育　鼻凹　nasal pit　鼻板　nasal placode 鼻腭管　naso-palatal canal 鼻鳍　nasal fin 侧腭突　lateral palatal process ，也称继发腭（second palate ），腭突（palatine shelf ）　第一鳃弓软骨　Meckel's cartilage　额鼻突　frontonasal process 腭裂　cleft palate 分叉舌 bifid tongue ，也称舌裂（cleft tongue ，split tongue ）　颌裂　cleft jaw 继发腭　secondary palate 颊咽膜　orapharyngeal membrane 甲状舌管　thyroglossal duct 界沟　sulcus terminalis 颈窦　cervical sinus 口凹　oral pit 口咽膜　orapharyngeal membrane 拉特克囊　Rathke's pouch ，也称神经颊囊（craniobuccal pouch ），颅颊囊（craniopharyngeal pouch ）　联合　merge 联合突　copula 面裂　facial cleft 模式发育　patterning 奇结节　tuberculum impar 前腭突　median palatine process 前脑单脑室畸形　Holoprosencephaly 切牙管 incisive canal 球状突　globular process 融合　fuse 鳃弓　branchial arch 鳃沟　branchial groove 上颌突　maxillary process 舌盲孔　foramen cecum 神经嵴　neural crest 神经节原基　ganglionic placode 施万细胞 Schwann 细胞为神经鞘膜细胞　外间充质 ectomesenchyme 也称外胚间叶，系来自于神经嵴外胚层的结缔组织的总称　维甲酸综合征　retinoic acid syndrome （RAS ），妊娠早期服用过量13-顺-维甲酸引起的发育异常　下颌软骨　Meckel's cartilage 嗅板　olfactory placode　嗅窝　nasal pit　咽囊 pharyngeal pouch 也称鳃囊　原发腭 primary palate　原口　stomadeum　中鼻突　medial nasal process　主动脉的　conotruncal 第二章牙的发育　氨基葡萄糖　glycosaminoglycans　成牙本质细胞　odontoblast　成釉蛋白 ameloblastin　成釉器　enamel organ　成釉细胞　ameloblast　分泌型成牙本质细胞　secretoryodontoblast 赫特威上皮根鞘　Hertwing epithelial root sheath 基质小泡　matrix vesicle 颈环　cervical loop 静止型成牙本质细胞　restingodontoblast　蕾状期　bud stage 连接复合体　junctional complex 马拉瑟上皮剩余　Malassez epithelial rest 帽状期　cap stage 萌出　eruption 非胶原蛋白 non-collagenous protein NSPs 内釉上皮层　inner enamal epithelium 前成牙本质细胞　preodontoblast 前期牙本质　predentin 缩余釉上皮　reduced dental epithelium 托姆斯突　Tomes processe 脱落 shedding 交替　外釉上皮层　outer enamal epithelium 星网状层　stellate reticulum 牙板　dental lamina 牙囊　dental sac 牙乳头　dental papilla 引导管　gubernacular canal 釉丛蛋白　tuftelin 釉结　enamel knot 釉龛　enamel niche 釉索　enamel cord 釉质形成　amelogenesis 原发性上皮带　primary epithelial band 罩牙本质　mantle dentin 中间层　stratum intermedium 终棒　terminal web 钟状期　bell stage 第三章牙体组织　玻璃粘连蛋白　vitronectin ，细胞外粘附蛋白，副纤维粘连蛋白　成纤维细胞　fibroblast 成牙本质细胞　odontoblast 成牙本质细胞突起　odontoblastic process ，也称"Tomes' fiber"　成牙本质细胞突周间隙　periodontoblastic space　成釉蛋白　ameloblastin　穿通纤维　perforating fiber 蛋白酶　proteinases 第三期牙本质　tertiary dentin 多细胞层　cell-rich zone 乏细胞层　cell-free zone, the zone of Weil ，Weil 层　反应性牙本质　reaction dentin 反转线　reversal line 非釉原蛋白　non-amelogenins 缝隙连接　gap junction 骨钙素　osteocalcin 骨连接素　osteonectin 骨桥蛋白　osteopontin 骨样牙本质　osteodentin 固有牙髓　pulp proper 管间牙本质　intratubular dentin 管周牙本质　peritubular dentin 核心蛋白聚糖　decorin 横纹　cross striations 基质金属蛋白酶20　matrixmetalloproteinases 20，MMP20　继发性牙本质　secondary dentin ，牙发育完成之后形成的牙本质　腱蛋白　tenascin 绞釉　gnarled enamel 紧密连接　tight junction 科尔夫纤维　Korff's fiber, 最先形成的牙本质纤维　类牙骨质　cementoid 流体动力学说　hydrodynamic theory 磨损　abrasion, attrition 纳米球　nanospheres 耐龋潜能　cariostatic potential 脑啡肽　enkephalin 诺伊曼鞘　Neumann sheath 欧文线　Owen line （加重的牙本质生长线），也称"contour line of Owen"　前期牙本质　predentin 桥粒　desmosome 球间牙本质　interglobular dentin 芮氏线　lines of Retzius ，釉质生长线　沙比纤维　Sharpey's fiber ，穿通纤维　神经壁层　parietal layer of nerves ，Raschkow 丛　神经传导学说　direct innervation theory 生长激素抑制素　somatostatin 生长线　incremental lines ，同芮氏线　施雷格线　Schreger line 树突状细胞　dendritic cells 双糖链蛋白聚糖　biglycan 丝氨酸蛋白酶　serine proteinases （kallikrein-4）　死区　dead tract　髓核　pulp core 髓周牙本质　circumpulpal dentin 糖胺聚糖　glycosaminoglycans 透明层　hyaline layer 透明牙本质　sclerotic dentin 透明牙本质　transparent dentin 托姆斯颗粒层　Tomes' granular layer 托姆斯突凹　Tomes processes pit ，TPP 微孔　micropore 未分化间充质细胞　undifferentiatedmesenchymal cell 无细胞固有纤维牙骨质　acellular intrinsic fiber cementum, AIFC 无细胞外源性纤维牙骨质　acellular extrinsic fiber cementum, AEFC 无细胞无纤维牙骨质　acellular afibrillar cementum, AAC 无细胞牙骨质　acellular cementum 无釉柱牙釉质　rodless enamel 细胞牙骨质　cellular cementum 纤维粘连蛋白　fibronectin 限制板　lamina limitans 楔状缺损　wedge shaped defect 新生线　neonatal line 修复性牙本质　reparative dentin　牙本质　dentin 牙本质磷蛋白　dentin phosphophoryn ；dentin phosphoproteins ，DPP　牙本质生长线　von Ebner 1ine 牙本质涎蛋白　dentin sialoprotein ，DSP 牙本质涎磷蛋白　dentin sialophosphoproteins 牙本质小管　dentinal tubule 牙本质牙骨质界　dentino-cemental junction 牙骨质　cementum 牙骨质生长因子　cementum growth factor 牙骨质粘附蛋白　cementum adhesion protein　牙面平行线　perikymata ，也称釉面横纹　牙髓　dental pulp 牙髓牙本质复合体　pulpo-dentinal complex 牙釉质　enamel 牙釉质溶解蛋白　enamelysin 牙釉质牙本质界　enamel-dentinal junction （EDJ ）　牙釉质牙骨质界　enamelo-cemental junction 油炸圈样　appearance of doughnut 有细胞固有纤维牙骨质　cellular intrinsic fiber cementum, CIFC 有细胞混合性分层牙骨质　cellular mixed stratified cementum, CMSC　釉板　enamel lamellae　釉丛　enamel tufts　釉丛蛋白　tuftelin　釉蛋白　enamelin　釉帽　enamel cap　釉面横纹　perikymata ，也称牙面平行线　釉梭　enamel spindle　釉小皮　enamel cuticle　釉牙本质界　enamel-dentinal junction（EDJ ）　釉原蛋白　amelogenins　釉柱　enamel rod　釉柱鞘　enamel rod sheath　原发性牙本质　primary dentin ，牙发育时期形成的牙本质　原胶原　tropocollagen　灶性孔　focal hole, FH　罩牙本质　mantle dentin　中间连接　intermediate junction　中间牙骨质　intermediate cementum　重塑　remodeling　转导学说　transduction theory　组织细胞　histiocyte第四章牙周组织　不成熟的弹力纤维　oxytalan fibers　弹力纤维　elastin fibers　点彩　stippling　凋亡　apoptosis　附着龈　attached gingiva　根尖组　apical group　根间组　interradicular group　固有牙槽骨　alveolar bone proper　环行组　circular group 结合上皮　junctional epithelium　束骨　bundle bone 水平组　horizontal group 斜行组　oblique group 牙槽骨　alveolar bone 牙槽嵴组　alveolar crest group 牙槽突　alveolar process 牙槽龈组　alveologingival group 牙骨膜组　dentoperiosteal group 牙间乳头　interdental papilla 牙龈　gingiva 牙龈结合　dentogingival junction 牙龈上皮　gingval epithelium 第六章涎腺　半月板　demilune 胞吐　exocytosis 杯状细胞　goblet cell 储备细胞　reserve cell 锇酸　osmic acid 分泌单位　secretory unit 分泌管　secretory duct 富脯氨酸蛋白　proline-rich protein 富酪氨酸蛋白　tyrosine-rich protein 干细胞　stem cell　高血糖素样蛋白　glucogon-like protein 颌下腺　submandibular gland 混合性腺泡　mixed acinus 肌动蛋白　actin　肌球蛋白　myosin　肌上皮细胞　myoepithelial cell　肌微丝　myofilament　浆液性腺泡　serous acinus　浆粘液细胞　seromucous cell　晶样体　crystalloid　局浆分泌　merocrine　抗蛋白溶解蛋白　antiproteolytic protein　篮细胞　basket cell　连接复合体　junctional complex　酶原颗粒　zymogen granule　排泄管　excretory duct　粘多糖　mucin　粘液性腺泡　mucous acinus　全浆分泌　holocrine-type secretion　乳铁蛋白　lactoferrin　闰管　intercalated duct　腮腺　parotid gland　腮腺导管　Stensen duct　腮腺素　parotin　舌下腺　sublingual gland　舍格伦综合征　Sj?gren syndrome　肾素　rennin　嗜酸粒细胞瘤　oncocytoma 嗜酸细胞　oncocyte　嗜酸性腺瘤　oxiphilic adenoma　唾液　saliva　唾液腺　salivary gland　味觉素　gustin　纹管　striated duct　涎液素　ptyatin　腺泡　acinus　小涎腺　minor salivary gland　原始多潜能涎腺导管细胞　primitive pluripotential salivary duct cells 致密小体　dense body 组氨酸　histidine 第七章　颞下颌关节　多细胞带　cellularrich zone　钙化软骨带　zone of calcified cartilage 关节囊　capsule 关节盘　disc　滑膜　synovial membrane 髁突　condyle　颞下颌关节　temporo-mandibular join ，TMJ　纤维软骨带　fibrocartilaginous zone 纤维性关节表面带　fibrous articular surface 第八章牙发育异常　II 型牙本质结构不良　dentin dysplasia type II ，冠部牙本质结构不良　I 型牙本质结构不良　dentin dysplasia type I　白兰地型　brandywine isolate ，牙本质形成缺陷的一种　斑釉　mottled enamel　半面过度增生　hemifacial hyperplasia 成熟不全型　hypomatuaration type 低磷酸酯酶症　hypophosphatasia 多生牙　hyperdontia; supernumerary teeth　非氟性牙釉质浑浊症　non-fluoride enamel opacities　氟牙症　dental fluorosis 附加牙　supplemental teeth 副磨牙　paramolar　钙化不全型　hypocalcified type 过早脱落　premature loss　畸形舌侧尖　lingual cusp deformity 畸形舌侧窝　lingual fossa deformity 畸形中央尖　central cusp deformity 结合牙　concrescence 巨牙　macrodontia 壳状牙　shell-teeth　矿化不全型　hypomineralized type 牛牙症　taurodontism　前牙的牙外突　dens evaginatus of anterior teeth　区域性牙发育不良　regional odontodysplasia ，阴影牙　融合牙　fusion　乳牙滞留　persistence of deciduous teeth 桑椹牙　mulberry molar　少汗外胚层发育不良　hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia 少牙　hypodontia 双生牙　gemination　水流围绕圆石　water streaming round bouldings ，根部牙本质结构不良的表现　四环素牙　tetracycline stained teeth 锁骨颅骨发育不全征　cleidocranial dysplasia ；也有称锁骨头颅发育不良　胎生牙　natal teeth ，出生时即已萌出的牙　特纳牙　Turner's teeth ，与乳牙有关的感染或创伤引起继生恒牙成釉细胞的损伤，导致继生恒牙牙釉质形成不全或矿化不全　弯曲牙　dilacerations 无牙　adontia 先天性梅毒牙　congenital syphilis　小牙　microdontia　新生牙　noenatal teeth ，出生后30天内萌出的牙　形成不全型　hypoplastic type　雪帽型　snow-capped　牙本质基质蛋白1　dentin matrix protein 1, DMP1　牙本质结构不良　dentin dysplasia 牙本质涎蛋白　dentin sialoprotein, DSP 牙本质形成缺陷症II 型　dentinogenesis imperfecta type II 牙变色　discoloration of teeth 牙骨质发育不全　hypocementosis 牙骨质过度增生　hypercementosis 牙内陷　dens invaginatus 牙釉质混浊症　enamel opacities 牙釉质矿化不全　hypomineralized enamel 牙釉质形成不全　enamel hypoplasia 牙釉质形成缺陷症　amelogenesis imperfecta 牙釉质延伸　cervical enamel extension 牙中牙　dens in dente 牙阻生　impaction of teeth 延迟萌出　retarded eruption 遗传性乳光牙本质　hereditary opalescent dentin 阴影牙　ghost teeth ，区域性牙发育不良　鹰爪尖　talon cusp 釉珠　enamel pearl 远中磨牙　distomolar 早萌　premature eruption 正中牙　mesiodens第九章龋病　暗层　dark zone 变形链球菌　mutans streptococci; S. mutans 表层　surface zone 病损体部　body of the lesion 蛋白溶解－螯合学说　proteolysis-chelation theory 蛋白溶解学说　proteolytic theory 发酵乳杆菌　L. fermentus 放线菌属　actinomyces 干酪乳杆菌　L. casei 根龋　root caries 化学寄生学说　chemico-parasitic theory 化学细菌学说　chemico-bacterial theory 坏死崩解层　zone of destruction 获得性薄膜　acquired pellicle ，唾液薄膜　急性龋　acute caries 静止性龋　arrested caries 菌斑　bacterial plaque 慢性龋　chronic caries 猛性龋　rampant caries 内氏放线菌　A. naeslundii 平滑面龋　smooth surface caries　轻链球菌　S. mitis　龋病　dental caries 乳杆菌属　Lactobacilli　三联因素学说　three primary factorstheory 嗜酸乳杆菌　L. acidophilus 酸原学说　acidogenic theory 透明层　translucent zone ，硬化层　脱矿层　zone of demineralization 唾液薄膜　salivary pellicle ，获得性薄膜　窝沟龋　pit and fissure caries　细菌侵入层　zone of bacterial invasion 血链球菌　S. sanguis　牙本质龋　dentin caries　牙骨质龋　cementum caries　牙釉质龋　enamel caries　远缘链球菌　S. sobrinus　粘性放线菌　A. viscosus第十章牙髓病　白三烯　leukotrienes ，LTs　白细胞介素　interleukin　不可逆性牙髓炎　irreversible pulpitis 　残髓炎　residual pulpitis　成牙本质细胞层空泡变性　vacuolardegeneration of the odontoblastic layer　急性化脓性牙髓炎　acute supurativepulpitis　急性浆液性牙髓炎　acute serous pulpitis 急性牙髓炎　acute pulpitis　可复性牙髓炎　reversible pulpitis　慢性闭锁性牙髓炎　chronic closedpulpitis　慢性溃疡型牙髓炎　chronic ulcerativepulpitis　慢性牙髓炎　chronic pulpitis　慢性增生性牙髓炎　chronic hyperplasticpulpitis 逆行性牙髓炎　retrograde pulpitis 前列腺素　prostaglandins ，PGs　特发性吸收　idiopathic resorption　牙内吸收　internal tooth resorption　牙髓变性　pulp degeneration　牙髓充血　pulp hyperemia　牙髓钙化　pulp calcification　牙髓坏疽　pulp gangrene　牙髓坏死　pulp necrosis　牙髓渐进性坏死　necrobiosis　牙髓网状萎缩　reticular atrophy of thepulp　牙髓纤维性变　pulp fibrosis　牙髓炎　pulpitis　牙体吸收　tooth resorption　牙外吸收　external tooth resorption　转化生长因子　transfer growth factor,TGF第十一章根尖周炎　蜂窝织炎　cellulitis　根尖肉芽肿　periapical granuloma　根尖周炎　periapical periodontitis 急性根尖周炎　acute periapicalperiodontitis 急性牙槽脓肿　acute alveolar abscess 磷脂壁酸　lipoteichoic acids 慢性根尖脓肿　chronic periapical abscess 慢性根尖周炎　chronic periapical periodontitis 慢性牙槽脓肿　chonic alveolar abscess 肽葡聚糖　peplidoglyans 致密性骨炎　condensing osteoitis 肿瘤坏死因子　tumor necrosis factor ，TNF 第十二章牙周组织病　白细胞介素　interleuk ins,IL 白血病性龈增大　gingival enlargement associated with leukemia 伴白血病性龈炎　gingivitis with leukemia 伴有牙髓病变的牙周炎　periodontitis associated with endodontic lesions 边缘性龈炎　marginal gingivitis 变性　degeneration 病损确立期　established lesion 剥脱性龈病损　desquamative lesion of gingival 创伤　trauma 创伤性咬合　traumatic occlusion 蛋白酶　proteinases 发育性或获得性异常及其状况　developmental or acquired deformities and conditions 反应全身疾病的牙周炎　periodontitis asa manifestation of systemic diseases 放线共生放线杆菌　Actinobacillus actinomycetem comitans ，Aa 非菌斑性牙龈病损　non-plaque-induced gingival lesions 非炎症性　noninflammatory 奋森龈炎　Vincent gingivitis 福赛类杆菌　Bcteroides forsythus ，Bf 共聚　coaggregation 骨内袋　intrabony pocket 骨上袋　supragingival pocket 护骨因子　osteoprotegerin,OPG 坏死性牙周病　necrotizing periodontal diseases 基质金属蛋白酶　matrix metalloprotinases ，MMP 激素性龈炎　steroid hormone-influenced gingivitis 急性坏死性溃疡性龈炎　acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis 急性坏死性龈炎　acute necrotizing gingivitis 继发性咬合创伤　secondary occlusal trauma　家族性龈纤维瘤病　congenital familialfibromatosis　浆细胞龈炎　plasma cell gingivitis　胶原酶　collagenase　金属蛋白酶　metalloproteinases　进展期　advanced lesion　聚集　aggregation　菌毛　fimbriae　老年性萎缩　senile atrophy　硫酸软骨素酶　chondrosulphatase　慢性牙周炎　chronic periodontitis　慢性龈炎　chronic gingivitis　密螺旋体属　Treponema　破骨细胞分化因子　osteoclast differentation factor,ODF　前列腺素E2 prostglandinE2，PGE2　侵袭性牙周炎　aggressive periodontitis 青春期龈炎　pubertal gingivitis　人类白细胞抗原　human leucocyte antigen,HLA　妊娠期龈炎　pregnancy gingivitis　始发期　initial stage　嗜麦芽糖密螺旋体　T. maltophilum　梭螺菌龈炎　fusospirochetal gingivitis　特发性浆细胞龈口炎　idiopathic plasma-cell gingivostomatitis　特发性龈增生　idiopathic gingival hyperplasia　透明质酸酶　hyaluronidase　唾液粘蛋白　mucin　维生素C缺乏性龈炎　vitamin C deficeint gingivitis　萎缩　atrophy　细胞因子　cytokine　细胞粘附分子　cellular adhesion m olecules，CAM　细菌性生物膜　dental pla que biofilm　先天性家族性纤维瘤病　congenital familial fibromatosis　牙槽骨弥漫性萎缩　diffuse atrophy of alveolar bone　牙菌斑性牙龈病　dental plaque-induced gingival disease　牙龈病　gingival diseases　牙龈卟啉单胞菌　Porphyromonas gingivalis，P.g　牙龈二氧化碳嗜纤维菌　Cap no gingivalis 牙龈乳头炎　papillary gingivitis　牙龈退缩　gingival recession　牙周变性　periodontal degeneration　牙周病　periodontal disease　牙周脓肿　abcesses of the periodontium 牙周炎　periodontitis　牙周症　periodontosis　炎症　inflammation　咬合创伤　occlusal trauma　药物性龈炎　medication-influenced gingivitis　遗传性牙龈纤维瘤病　hereditary gingival fibromatosis　遗传性龈增生　hereditary gingival hyperplasia　龈袋　gingival pocket　龈沟液　gingival crevicular fluid,GCF　龈裂　gingival cleft; Stillman'S cleft　龈增生　gingival hyperplasia　营养不良　dystrophy　营养不良性　dystrophic　早老性萎缩　presenile atrophy　早期病变　early lesion　粘附　adhesion　粘性放线菌　Actinomyces viscosus，Av 战壕口炎　trench mouth　脂多糖　lipopolysaccharedes，LPS　中间密螺旋体　T.medium　中性多形核白细胞　polymorphonuclearleukocytes,PMN　肿瘤　neoplasia　肿瘤坏死因子-α　tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α　组织金属蛋白酶的抑制剂　tissueinhibitors of metalloproteinase，TIMP第十三章口腔粘膜病　艾滋病　AIDS　白斑　leukoplakia　白塞综合征　Behcet syndrome　白色海绵状斑痣　white sponge nevus　白色念珠状菌　candida albicans　白色水肿　leukoedema　白皱折病　white folded disease　斑　macule　扁平苔藓　lichen planus,LP　程序化细胞死亡　programmed cell death　大疱　bulla　单纯性疱疹　herpes simplex　地图舌　geographic tongue　淀粉样变性　amyloidosis　多形渗出性红斑　erythema multiformeexsudativum　非典型性　atypia　非霍奇金淋巴瘤　non-Hodgkin lymphoma　复发性阿弗他口炎　recurrent aphthousstomatitis,RAS　复发性阿弗他溃疡　recurrent aphthousulcer，RAU　复发性坏死性粘膜腺周围炎　periadenitismucosa necrotica recurrens，PMNR　过度不全角化　hyperparakeratosis　过度角化　hyperkeratosis　过度正角化　hyperorthokeratosis　海绵形成　spongiosis　红斑　erythroplakia　红色增殖性病变　erythroplastic lesion　获得性免疫缺陷综合征　acquiredimmunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS ，艾滋病　基底细胞空泡性变及液化　vaculationand liquefaction of hasal cell　棘层松解　acantholysis　棘层增生　acanthosis　痂　crusts　假膜　pseudomembrane，伪膜　间杂型红斑　interspersed erythroplakia　胶样小体　colloid body，Civatte小体　角化不良　dyskeratosis　结节病　sarcoidosis　均质型红斑　homogenous erythroplakia　皲裂　rhagade　抗核抗体　antinuclear antibody，ANA　颗粒型红斑　granular erythroplakia　口腔Kaposi肉瘤　oral Kaposi sarcoma　口腔非霍其金淋巴瘤　oral non-Hodgkinlymphoma　口腔毛状白斑　oral hairy leukoplakia，OHL　口腔念珠菌病　oral candidiasis　口腔粘膜下纤维化　oral submucousfibrosis　溃疡　ulcer　类天疱疮样扁平苔藓　lichen PlanusPemphigoides,LPP　良性游走性舌炎　benign migratoryglossitis　良性粘膜类天疱疮　benign mucousmembrane pemphigoid　硫黄素T　thioflavine T　慢性盘状红斑狼疮　chronic discoid lupuserythematosus　梅一罗综合征　Melkersson-Rosenthalsyndrome　糜烂　erosion　念珠菌病　candidiasis　疱　vesicle　疱疹性口炎　herpetic stomatitis　气球变性　ballooning degeneration　桥粒芯胶粘蛋白　desmocollins　桥粒芯糖蛋白　desmogleins　丘疹　papule　区域剥脱性舌炎　glossitis areataexfoliativa　人免疫缺陷病毒　humanimmunodeficiency virus，HIV　肉芽肿性唇炎　cheilitis granulomatosa　上皮萎缩　epithelial atrophy　上皮异常增生　epithelial dysplasia　舌乳头炎　lingual papillitis　嗜碱性变性　basophilic degeneration　噬黑色素细胞　melanophages　天疱疮　pemphigus　天疱疮细胞　Tzanck cell　网状变性　reticular degeneration　韦格内肉芽肿　Wegener granulomatosis　萎缩　atrophy　细胞凋亡　cell apoptosis　腺性唇炎　cheilitis glandularis　肖曼小体　Schauann bodies，多核巨细胞内的包涵体　眼、口、生殖器三联综合征　oculo-oral-genital syndrome　增殖性红斑　erythroplasia　粘膜良性淋巴组织增生病　benignlymphoadenosis of mucosa　周缘扩展现象　Nikolsky征第十四章颌骨疾病　板层骨　lamellar bone　表皮树突状细胞　dermal dendrocyte　伯基特淋巴瘤　Burkitt's lymphoma　不确定细胞　indeterminate cell　成软骨细胞瘤　chondroblastoma　虫蚀状　moth-eaten appearance　出血性骨囊肿　hemorrhagic bone cyst　穿凿性吸收　tunneling resorption ordissecting resorption　穿凿样　punched-out appearance　单纯性骨囊肿　simple bone cyst　单骨性骨纤维异常增殖症　monostoticbibrous dysplasia 也称单骨性骨纤维结构不良　单核基质细胞　mononucleate stromal cell 单核巨噬细胞系统　mononuclear phagocyte system　动脉瘤性骨囊肿　aneurysmal bone cyst 多发性骨髓瘤　multiple myeloma　多发性软骨瘤病　multiple chondromatosis　多骨性骨纤维异常增殖症　polyostotic fibrous dysplasia 也称多骨性骨纤维结构不良　恶性成骨细胞瘤　malignant osteoblastoma　腭隆突　torus palatinus　放射性骨坏死　osteoradionecrosis　非钙化骨样组织　unmineralized osteoid 富巨细胞性病变　giant cell rich lesion　钙化骨　mineralized bone　孤立性骨囊肿　solitary bone cyst　骨化性骨膜炎　periostitis ossificans　骨化性纤维瘤　ossifying fibroma　骨巨细胞瘤　giant cell tumor of bone，GCT　骨壳　involucrum　骨瘤　osteoma　骨膜骨肉瘤　periosteal osteosarcoma　骨膜下骨吸收　subperiosteal bone resorption　骨旁骨肉瘤　paraosteal osteosarcoma　骨肉瘤　osteosarcoma　骨软骨瘤　osteochondroma　骨软骨性外生骨疣　osteocartilaginous exostosis　骨髓瘤　myeloma　骨外骨肉瘤　extraosseous osteosarcoma 骨外型软骨肉瘤　extraosseous chondrosarcoma　骨纤维结构不良　fibrous dysplasia of bone 也称骨纤维异常增殖症　骨小梁周围纤维化　peritrabecular fibrosis　骨样骨瘤　osteoid osteoma　海绵型骨瘤　cancellous osteoma　汉-许-克病　Hand-Schiiller-Christian disease　颌骨放线菌病　actinomycosis of jaws　颌骨骨髓炎　osteomyelitis of jaws　颌骨结核　tuberculosis of jaws　颌骨巨细胞病变　giant cell granuloma　颌骨梅毒　syphilis of jaws　弧立性骨髓瘤　solitary myeloma　化牙骨质纤维瘤　cementifying fibroma 急性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎　acute suppurative osteomyelitis of jaws　继发软骨　secondary cartilage　继发性甲状旁腺功能亢进　secondary hyperparathyroidism　家族性颌骨多囊性病　familial mulitilocular cystic disease of jaws　家族性颌骨纤维异常增殖症　familial fibrous dysplasia of the jaws　家族性巨颌症　cherubism　甲状旁腺功能亢进　Hyperparathyroidism 假囊肿　pseudocyst　间叶型软骨肉瘤　mesenchymalchondrosarcoma　浆细胞瘤　plasmacytoma　结核性颌骨骨髓炎　tuberculousosteomyelitis of jaws　静止性骨腔　static bone cavity　巨大型骨样骨瘤　giant osteoid osteoma　巨细胞肉芽肿　giant cell lesions of thejaws　巨细胞修复性肉芽肿　giant cellreparative granuloma　郎格汉斯细胞病　Langerhans celldisease，同郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症（Langerhans cell histiocytosis）　郎格汉斯细胞组织细胞增生症　Langerhans cell histiocytosis，同郎格汉斯细胞病（Langerhans cell disease）　朗汉斯巨细胞　Langhans giant cell　勒-雪病　Letterer-Siwe disease　良性成骨细胞瘤　benign oseoblastoma　淋巴结的交错突细胞　interdigitatingdendritic cell　硫磺颗粒　sulfur granule　滤泡树枝状细胞　follicular dendritic cell　慢性非化脓性硬化性骨炎　Garré'schronic nonsuppurative sclerosing ostitisGarre　慢性骨髓炎伴增生性骨膜炎　chronicosteomyelitis with proliferative periostitis　慢性化脓性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicsuppurative osteomyelitis of jaws　慢性局灶性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicfocal sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws　慢性弥漫性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicdiffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws　慢性硬化性颌骨骨髓炎　chronicsclerosing osteomyelitis of jaws　磨砂玻璃样　groundglass appearance　内生型软骨瘤　enchondroma　破骨细胞瘤　osteoclastoma　侵袭性成骨细胞瘤　aggressiveosteoblastoma　侵袭性骨化性纤维瘤　aggressiveossifying fibroma　青少年骨化性纤维瘤　juvenile ossifyingfibroma　日光放射状(影像)　sun-ray　肉芽肿性炎症　granulomatousinflammation　软骨瘤　chondroma　软骨颅　chondrocranium　软骨肉瘤　chondrosarcoma　软骨粘液样纤维瘤　chondromyxoidfobroma　上皮样细胞　epithelioid cell　嗜酸性肉芽肿　eosinophilic granuloma　树突状细胞系统　dendritic cell system　死骨　sequestrum　髓外浆细胞瘤　extramedullaryplasmacyfoma　髓外性尤文肉瘤　extramedullarg Ewingsarcoma　图顿巨细胞　Touton giant cell　外伤性骨囊肿　traumatic bone cyst　外生骨疣　exostosis　下颌隆突　torus mandibularis　纤维-骨病变　fibro-osseous lesion　新生儿上颌骨骨髓炎　neonatal maxillitis　牙骨质骨化性纤维瘤　cemento-ossifyingfibroma　洋葱皮　onion-skin　硬骨板　lamina dura　原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进　primaryhyperparathyroidism　致密型骨瘤　compact osteoma　致密性骨炎　condensing ostitis　中心型　central type　周围型　peripheral type　周围型软骨瘤　peripreral chondroma　周围性巨细胞肉芽肿　peripheral giantcell granuloma　转化亢进　high-turnover state　棕色瘤　brown tumor　组织细胞增生症X　histiocytosisX第十五章颞下颌关节病　（染色体）三体　trisomy　垂直裂　vertical cleft　错颌　malocclusion　骨剥露　denudation　骨关节病　osteoarthrosis　骨关节炎　osteoarthritis,OA　骨赘性唇状突出　osteophytic lipping　滑膜软骨瘤病　synovialosteochondromatosis　髁突增生　condylar hyperplasia　类风湿肉芽肿　rheumatoid granuloma　类风湿性关节炎　rheumatoid arthritis，RA　类风湿性小结　rheumatoid nodule　颞下颌关节紊乱病　temporomandibularjoint disorders　切线裂　tangential cleft　绒毛状突起　villous projection　色素性绒毛结节性滑膜炎　pigmentedvillonosdular synovitis　退行性关节病　degeneratitive jointdisease　纤维素样变　fibrinoid change　象牙化　eburnation （骨质）　血管翳　pannus　蚓状小体　vermiform bodies　游离小体　loose body　原纤维化　fibrillation第十六章涎腺非肿瘤性疾病与涎腺肿瘤　PAS periodic acid schiff的缩写，PAS反应即过碘酸雪夫反应，用于对糖原的特殊染色　癌胚抗原　carcinoembryonic antigen，CEA　癌在多形性腺瘤中　carcinoma expleomorphic adenoma; carcinoma inpleomorphic adenoma　艾滋病病毒相关性涎腺疾病　HIV-associated salivary gland disease　暗细胞　dark cells　奥辛兰　Alcian blue　半多能双储备细胞理论　semipluripotential bicellular reserve cell theory　伴淋巴间质的未分化癌　undifferentiated carcinoma with lymphoid stroma　变性型涎腺肿大症　degenerative sialosis 波形丝蛋白　vimnentin　成涎细胞瘤sialoblastoma　大细胞癌large cell carcinoma　导管发育异常　developmental anomalies of ducts　导管内乳头状瘤　intraductal papilloma 导管乳头状瘤　ductal papilloma　导管腺泡单位　ductoacinar unit　淀粉酶　amylase　顶浆分泌　apocrine　多动脉周围炎　polyarteritis　多发性肌炎　polymyositis　多囊腮腺　polycystic parotid gland　多能单储备细胞理论　pluripotential unicellular reserve cell theory　多细胞理论　multicellular theory　多形性低度恶性腺癌　polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma　多形性腺瘤　pleomorphic adenoma　恶性多形性腺瘤　malignant pleomorphic adenoma　恶性淋巴上皮病变　malignant lymphoepithelial lesion　发育性舌侧下颌涎腺陷入　evelopmental lingual salivary gland depression　放射线损伤　radiant impair　非皮脂淋巴腺瘤non-sebaceous lymphadenoma　非特异性透明细胞癌clear cell carcinoma, not otherwise specified　非特异性腺癌　adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified，NOS　分泌组份　secretory component　副涎腺　accessory salivary gland　干燥综合征　sicca syndrome　管状腺瘤　canalicular adenoma; tubular adenoma　过氧化物酶抗过氧化物酶　peroxidase anti-proxidase, PAP　汗腺瘤　syringoma　合胞体　syncytium　坏死性涎腺化生　necrotizing sialometaplasia　混合瘤　mixed tumor　获得性免疫缺陷综合征　acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS　霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin lymphoma　肌上皮瘤　myoepithelioma　基底储备细胞理论　basal reserve cell theory　基底鳞状的旋涡状　basisquamous whorling　基底细胞腺瘤　basal cell adenoma　急性化脓性腮腺炎acute pyogenic paratitis　急性涎腺炎　acute sialadenitis　挤压假象　crush artifact　甲状腺球蛋白　thyroglobulin 浆液细胞腺癌　serous cell carcinoma　结外边缘带B细胞淋巴瘤extranodalmarginal zone B-cell lymphoma　静止骨腔　static bony cavity　巨细胞包涵体病　cytomegalic inclusiondisease　口腔干燥症　xerostomia　链亲和素过氧化物酶　streptavidinperoxidase,S-P　链亲和素生物素复合物　streptavidin-biotin complex SABC　良性淋巴上皮病变　benignlymphoepithelial lesion　亮细胞　light cells　淋巴上皮癌lymphoepithelial carcinoma　淋巴上皮囊肿　lymphoepithelial cyst　鳞状细胞癌　squamous cell carcinoma　流行性腮腺炎　epidemic parotitis;mumps　慢性复发性腮腺炎　chronic recurrentparotitis　慢性涎腺炎　chronic sialadenitis　慢性硬化性颌下腺炎　chronic sclerosingsialadenitis of submandibular gland; Küttner瘤　弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤diffuse large B-cell lymphoma　迷走涎腺　aberrant salivary glands　免疫球蛋白A　immunoglobulin A　免疫细胞化学　immunocytochemistry　免疫组织化学　immunohistochemistry　囊腺癌cystadenocarcinoma　囊腺瘤cystadenoma　内翻性乳头状瘤　inverted ductalpapilloma　皮脂淋巴腺癌sebaceouslymphadenocarcinoma　皮脂淋巴腺瘤　sebaceous lymphadenoma　皮脂腺瘤　sebaceous adenoma　前淋巴瘤　prelymphoma　桥本甲状腺炎　Hashimoto's thyroiditis　亲和素生物素过氧化物酶复合体　avidinbiotin-peroxidase complex, ABC　人类免疫缺陷病毒　hunmanimmunodeficiency HIV　溶菌酶　lysozyme　乳铁蛋白　lactoferrin，LF　乳头状淋巴囊腺瘤　papillarycystadenoma lymphomatosum　乳头状囊腺癌　papillarycystadenocarcinoma　乳头状囊腺瘤　papillary cystadenoma　乳头状涎腺瘤　sialadenoma papilliferum　上皮-肌上皮癌　epithelio-myoepithelialcarcinoma　上皮肌上皮岛　epi-myoepithelial island　上皮膜抗原　epithelial membraneantigen，EMA　舍格伦综合征　Sjögren's syndrome　施墨试验　Schirmer test，检查泪液分泌情况的一种试验　嗜酸细胞瘤　oncocytoma　嗜酸性腺瘤　oxyphilic adenoma　透明细胞癌　clear cell carcinoma　透明细胞瘤　clear cell tumor　未分化癌　undifferentiated carcimma　细胞角蛋白　cytokeratin　纤维连接蛋白　fibronectin　涎石病　sialolithiasis　涎腺病毒病　salivary gland virus disease　涎腺导管癌　salivary duct carcinoma　涎腺导管结石　salivary duct stone　涎腺导管囊肿　salivary duct cyst　涎腺发育不全　aplasia of salivary gland　涎腺发育异常　development anomalies ofsalivary gland　涎腺放线菌病　actinomycosis of salivaryglands　涎腺结核　tuberculosis of salivary gland　涎腺囊肿　salivary gland cyst　涎腺退行性肿大　degenerative swellingof salivary gland　涎腺先天性缺失　congenital absence ofsalivary gland　涎腺炎　sialadenitis　涎腺异位　hetrotopic of saIivary gland　涎腺症　sialadenosis　腺癌　adenocarcinoma　腺淋巴瘤　adenolymphoma; Warthin瘤　腺鳞癌　adenosquamous carcinoma　腺泡细胞癌　acinic cell carcinoma　腺样囊性癌　adenoid cystic carcinoma　小管-腺泡复合体　tubelo-acinae-complexs　小细胞癌　small cell carcinoma　小叶状癌　lobular carcinoma　血管瘤haemangioma　血型物质　blood group substances　粘液表皮样癌　mucoepidermoidcarcinoma　粘液腺腺瘤样增生　adenomatoidhyerplasia of mucous glands　植物血凝素受体　lectin receptors　终末导管癌　teminal duct carcinoma　转移性多形性腺瘤Metastasizingpleomorphic adenoma　组织多肽抗原　tissuce peptide antigen，TPA第十七章口腔颌面部囊肿　鼻唇囊肿　nasolabial cyst　鼻腭管囊肿　nasopalatine duct cyst　鼻牙槽囊肿　nasoalveolar cyst　残余囊肿　residual cyst　成人龈囊肿　gingival cyst of adults　发育性根侧囊肿　lateral periodontal cyst　根尖囊肿　radicular cyst　含牙囊肿　dentigerous cyst　畸胎样囊肿　teratoid cyst　即婴儿龈囊肿　Bohn结节　甲状舌管囊肿　thyroglossal tract cyst　假性囊肿　pseudocyst　颈部淋巴上皮囊肿　cervicallymphoepithelial cyst　口腔淋巴上皮囊肿　oral lymphoepithelialcyst　滤泡囊肿　follicular cyst　锚纤维　anchoring fibrils　萌出囊肿　eruption cyst　皮样囊肿　dermoid cyst　皮样样囊肿发　epidermoid　切牙管囊肿　incisive canal cyst　切牙窝　incisive fossa　球状上颌囊肿　globlo-maxillary cyst　鳃裂囊肿　branchial cleft cyst　上皮斑　epithelial plaque　舌下囊肿　ranula　透明小体　Rushton body　外渗性粘液囊肿　mucous extravasationcyst　下颌感染性颊囊肿　mandibular infectedbuccal cyst　下颌正中囊肿　median mandibular cyst　涎腺牙源性囊肿　sialo-odontogenic cyst　腺牙源性囊肿　glandular odontogeniccyst　新生儿牙板囊肿　dental lamina cyst ofthe newborn　牙旁囊肿　paradental cyst　牙源性产粘液囊肿　mucus producingodontogenic cyst　牙源性角化囊肿　odontogenic keratocyst 牙源性囊肿　odontogenic cyst　炎症性根侧囊肿　inflammatory collateral cyst　异位口腔胃肠囊肿　heterotopic oralgastrointestinal cyst　婴儿龈囊肿 gingival cyst of infants　釉突 enamel spur　粘液囊肿　mucocele　痣样基底细胞癌综合征 Gorlin 综合征痣样基底细胞癌综合征 naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome　潴留性粘液囊肿 mucous retention cyst 第十八章牙源性肿瘤　壁成釉细胞瘤 mural ameloblastoma　标准或经典型骨内成釉细胞瘤　classicintraosseous ameloblastoma　成牙骨质细胞瘤　cementoblastoma　成牙组织 dental formative tissue　成釉细胞瘤 ameloblastoma　成釉细胞肉瘤 ameloblastic sarcoma　成釉细胞纤维瘤 ameloblastic fibroma　成釉细胞纤维肉瘤 ameloblaticfibrosarcoma　成釉细胞纤维牙本质瘤　ameloblasticfibrodentinoma　成釉细胞纤维牙本质肉瘤 ameloblasticfibrodentinsarcoma　成釉细胞纤维-牙肉瘤 ameloblastic fibro-odontosarcoma　丛状型　plexiform pattern　丛状型单囊成釉细胞瘤　plexiformunicystic ameloblastoma　促结缔组织增生型成釉细胞瘤　desmoplastic ameloblastoma　单囊性成釉细胞瘤　unicysticameloblastoma　恶性成釉细胞瘤　malignantameloblastoma 反折线　reversal line 非肿瘤性牙滤泡增生　non-neoplastic thickened follicle 骨异常增殖症 osseous dysplasias 混合性牙瘤　complex odontoma 基底细胞型成釉细胞瘤　basal cell ameloblastoma 棘皮瘤型　acanthomatous type 畸形　malformation 极性倒置　reversed polarity 角化成釉细胞瘤　keratoameloblastoma 颗粒细胞型　granular cell type 良性成牙骨质细胞瘤　benign cementoblastoma 滤泡型　follicular pattern 玫瑰花样结构　rosette-like structure 明显的玻璃样变　marked hyalinization 前成釉细胞　preameloblast 乳头状角化成釉细胞瘤　papilliferous keratoameloblastoma 牙本质生成性影细胞癌　dentinogenic ghost cell carcinoma 牙本质生成性影细胞瘤 dentinogenic ghost cell tumor　牙骨质样组织 cementoid 牙瘤 odontoma　牙源性癌 odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性癌肉瘤 odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性钙化囊肿 calcifying odontogenic cyst ,COC 牙源性钙化囊性瘤　calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor 牙源性钙化上皮瘤 calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor; Pindborg 瘤　牙源性角化囊性瘤 keratocystic odontogenic tumour　牙源性颗粒细胞瘤　granular cell odontogenic tumor　牙源性鳞状细胞瘤　squamous odontogenic tumor 牙源性囊肿恶变　malignant change in odontogenic cysts 牙源性肉瘤　odontogenic sarcoma 牙源性透明细胞癌　clear cell odontogenic carcinoma 牙源性透明细胞瘤　clear cell odontogenic tumor 牙源性纤维瘤　odontogenic fibroma 牙源性腺样瘤　adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, AOT 牙源性龈上皮错构瘤　odontogenic gingival epithelial hamartoma 牙源性影细胞癌　odontogenic ghost cell carcinoma 牙源性影细胞瘤　odontogenic ghost cell tumor 牙源性粘液瘤 odontogenic myxoma 牙源性肿瘤 odontogenic tumor 一般型成釉细胞瘤 classic ameloblastoma 影上皮细胞 ghost epithelial cell 原发性骨内癌　primary intraosseous carcinoma 原发性骨内鳞状细胞癌 primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma 粘液瘤　myxoma　粘液纤维瘤　myxofibroma　真性牙骨质瘤　true cementoma　中心性巨细胞病变（肉芽肿）central giant cell lesion （granuloma ）　周边型　peripheral ameloblastoma 周边性牙源性纤维瘤　peripheral odontogenic fibroma　转移性（恶性）成釉细胞瘤 metastasizing （malignant ） ameloblastoma　组合性牙瘤　compound odontoma 第十九章口腔颌面部其他组织来源的肿瘤和瘤样病变　边缘不规则　border irregularity 不对称　asymmetry　车轮状-多形性　storiform-pleomorphic 成人型纤维肉瘤　adult fibrosarcoma 成釉细胞癌 ameloblastic carcinoma 丛状血管瘤　tufted angioma 又称进展性毛细血管瘤(progressive capillaryhemangioma)、Nakagawa 血管母细胞瘤（angioblastoma of Nakagawa ）　动静脉性血管瘤　arteriovenous hemangioma　多形性组织细胞增生症　polymorphic histocytosis,PH　恶性黑色素瘤　malignant melanoma 恶性淋巴瘤　malignant lymphoma 恶性雀斑样痣　lentigo melanoma 恶性肉芽肿　malignant granuloma 　恶性纤维组织细胞瘤　malignant fibrous histocytoma,MFH （多形型称为多形性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/未分化高级别多形性肉瘤(pleomorphic malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiated high grade pleomorphic sarcoma)；巨细胞型称为巨细胞恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴巨细胞的未分化多形性肉瘤（giant cell malignant fibrous histiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphic sarcoma with giant cell ）；炎症型称为炎症　性恶性纤维组织细胞瘤/伴有明显炎症反应的未分化多形性肉瘤（inflammatory malignant fibroushistiocytoma/undifferentiate pleomorphic sarcoma with prominent inflammation ）；粘液型被归在纤维母细胞/肌纤维母细胞性肿瘤中,称为粘液纤维肉瘤(myxofibrsarcoma)；血管瘤样型则归为分化不确定的肿瘤中，称为血管瘤样纤维组织细胞瘤（angiomatoid fibrous hisiocytoma ））　非霍奇金淋巴瘤　non- Hodgkin lymphoma,NHL　分叶状纤维瘤　leaf-fibroma 复合痣　compound naevus 汞纹　amalgamtatoo　海绵状血管瘤　cavernous hemangioma 黑色素瘤　melanoma　黑色素胚前瘤　menotic progonoma。

专业英语整理(1)

必学词汇：Project项目Monte Carlo Analysis蒙特卡洛分析Temporary临时性Sensitivity Analysis灵敏度分析Unique独特的Threepoint Estimate三点估算Product产品Pareto Chart帕累托图Service服务Reserve Analysis预留分析Result成果COCOMOConstructive Cost Model构造性成本模型Project management项目管理ADMArrow Diagram Method箭线图法Project manager项目经理PDMPrecedence Diagram Method前导图法Project requirements项目需求Bottom Up Estimating自底向上法accomplished通过Decision Tree Analysis决策树分析Initiating启动AOAActive On the Arrow双代号网络图法Planning计划Critical Design Review关键设计评审Executing实施Workaround权变措施Monitoring监视S-CurveS曲线Controlling控制Schedule进度Closing收尾Schedule Analysis进度计划分析Project Charter项目章程Schedule Compression进度计划压缩Project Management Plan项目管理计划Schedule Control进度计划控制Phase阶段Dummy Activity虚活动Direct指导Optimistic time乐观时间Manage管理Most likely time最可能时间Monitor监视Pessimistic time悲观时间Control控制ESEarliest Start Time最早开始时间Change变更EFEarliest Finish Time最早完成时间Reviewing评审LSLatest Start Time最迟开始时间Change requests变更请求LFLatest Finish Time最迟完成时间Deliverables可交付物、可交付成果TFTotal Float总时差Organizational process assets组织过程资产FFFree Float自由时差Close关闭、收尾Crashing压缩、赶工Time Management时间管理即进度管理Concurrent Engineering并行工程Activity Definition活动定义Resource Calendar资源日历Activity Sequencing活动排序Resource Leveling资源平衡Activity Resource Estimating活动资源估算Resource Planning资源规划Activity Duration Estimating活动持续时间估算Fast Tracking快速跟进Schedule Development进度计划Product Scope产品范围Schedule Control进度控制Project Scope项目范围Cost Management成本管理Scope Change范围变更Cost Planning成本计划Scope Creep范围蔓延Cost Estimating成本估算Scope Definition范围定义Cost Budgeting成本预算Scope Verification范围验证Cost Controlling成本控制Work Package工作包Quality Management质量管理Cost成本Quality Planning质量规划ABCActivity Based Costing基于活动的成本核算Quality Assurance质量保证EVMEarned Value Management挣值管理Quality Control质量控制PVPlan Value计划工作量的预算费用Human Resource Management人力资源管理ACActual Cost已完成工作量的实际费用Organize组织EVEarned Value已完成工作量的预算成本Acquire组建SVSchedule Variance进度偏差Develop建设、发展CVCost Variance费用偏差Communications Management沟通管理CPICost Performed Index成本绩效指标Collection收集SPISchedul Performed Index进度绩效指标Dissemination传输EACEstimate At Completion完成时估算Storage存储BACBudget At Completion计划总额Disposition处理ETCEstimate To Complete完成尚需成本估算Communications Planning沟通规划Cost Estimating成本估算Information Distribution信息发布Cost Management Plan成本管理计划Performance Reporting绩效报告Cost Baseline成本基准Stakeholders项目干系人、利害相关者Cost Budget成本预算Risk风险Cost Variance成本偏差Risk Management风险管理Cost of Quality质量成本Risk Management Planning风险管理规划Quality质量Risk Identification风险识别TQMTotal Quality Management全面质量管理Qualitative Risk Analysis定性风险分析QAQuality Assurance质量保证Quantitative Risk Analysis定量风险分析QCQuality Control质量控制Risk Response Planning风险应对计划Acceptable Quality Level可接受质量水平Risk Monitoring and Control风险监控Deliverable可交付物Procurement Management采购管理Benchmarking Analysis基准比较分析法Plan Purchases and Acquisitions采购规划OBSOrganizational Breakdown Structure组织分解结构Plan Contracting合同计划PMBOKProject Management Body Of Knowledge项目管理知识体系Select Sellers卖方选择RBSResource Breakdown Structure资源分解结构Contract Administration合同管理Virtual Team虚拟团队Contract Closure合同收尾RAMResponsibility Assignment Matrix责任分配矩阵Team Development团队建设Operations运作Team members团队成员Process过程Communicate沟通Activity活动Communication Channel沟通渠道Activity Description活动描述Communication Plan沟通计划Activity Definition活动定义Information Distribution信息分发Activity Description活动描述/说明Performance Report绩效报告Activity List活动清单Problem Solving问题解决Phases阶段Compromise妥协Approve批准Smooth圆滑Product Life Cycle产品生命周期Force强迫PMOProject Management Office项目管理办公室Withdrawal撤退Project Charter项目章程Risk风险Project Manager项目经理Risk Distinguish风险识别Project Sponsor项目发起人Risk Analysis风险分析Project Stakeholder项目干系人Quantitative Risk Analysis定量风险分析Project Management Plan项目管理计划Qualitative Risk Analysis定性风险分析Project Team项目团队Risk Response风险应对Functional Organization职能组织Risk Acceptance风险接受Matrix Organization矩阵型组织Risk Aversion风险规避Project Organization项目型组织Risk Mitigation风险缓解PMISProject Management Information System Residual Transference风险转移项目管理信息系统Residual Risk残余风险Project Management Process Group项目管理过程组CMConfiguration Management配置管理Initiating Process启动过程组CCBConfiguration Management Board配置管理委员会Planning Process计划过程组CMOConfiguration Management Officer配置管理员Executing Process执行过程组CIConfiguration Items配置项Controlling Process控制过程组Version版本Closing Process收尾过程组Document文档Plan计划System Documentation系统文档Rolling Wave Plan滚动式计划User Documentation用户文档Do行动Product Documentation产品文档Check检查Configuration Library配置库Action处理Development Library开发库Walkthrough走查Controlled Library受控库Inspection审查Product Library产品库Review评审Demonstration论证Base line基线Roundrobin Review轮查Milestone里程碑Defect缺陷Check point检查点Brainstorming头脑风暴法Configuration Status Report配置状态报告CMMCapability Maturity Model能力成熟度模型Outsourcing外包CMMICapability Maturity Model Integration APRAcquisition Plan Review采购计划评审能力成熟度模型集成Strategy战略Input输入SWOTStrengths（优势）、Weaknesses（劣势）、Output输出Opportunities（机遇）、Threats（挑战）Tool工具Supervisor监理Method方法Checklist检查单Technology技术RFPRequest for Proposal请求建议书Enterprise Environmental Factors事业环境因素RFQRequest for Quotation请求报价单Organizational Process Assets组织过程资产Contract合同SOWStatement Of Work工作说明书Contract Administration合同管理CRChange Request变更请求Contract Closeout合同收尾CCBChange Control Board变更控制委员会Contract Target Cost合同目标成本WBSWork Breakdown Structure工作分解结构CPFFCost Plus Fixed Fee成本加固定费用（合同）Delphi德尔菲法CPIFCost Plus Incentive Fee成本加奖励费用（合同）CPMCritical Path Method关键路线法FFPFirm Fixed Price完全固定总价（合同）Gantt Chart甘特图Discounted Cash Flow折现现金流Bar Chart横道图Claim索赔PERTProgram Evaluation and Review Accept验收Technique计划评审技术Acceptance Standard验收标准Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique图形评审技术Expert Judgment专家判断Analogous Estimating类比估算Fabrication装配Flexibility灵活性Forecast At Completion Flexible灵活的Facilitating推进促进Float浮动时间时差Facilitator推进者促进者Float Trend Charts浮动时间趋势表图Facilities/Product Life Cycle设施/产品生命期Floating Task浮动任务Facility设施项目产品Flow Chart流程图Factor因子Flow Diagram流程图表Failure失败FM职能经理Fair and Reasonable Cost公平合理的成本Follow-on Work后续工作Fair Market Price公平市场价格Folly荒唐事Fallback Plan退路计划Force Account强制帐目Fallback Position退路Forced Analysis强制分析Fast Track快速跟进Forcing强制的Fast Tracking快速跟进Forecast预测Fault故障Forecast At Completion("FAC")完工预测Feasibility可行性Forecast Final Cost预测最终成本Feasibility Budget可行性研究预算Forecast Remaining Work预测剩余工作Feasibility Phase可行性研究阶段Forecast Report预测报告Feasibility Report可行性报告Forecast To Complete完工预测Feasibility Study可行性研究Forecast to Completion("FTC")完工尚需预测Feasible Project Alternatives可行的项目备选方Forecasting预测案Feasible Schedule可行的进度安排Foreign外国的外部的Feature特征/功能Form of Organization组织形态Feature Scope特征/功能范围Form,Fit and Function Data表格适用性与功能性数据Feature Requirement特征/功能需求Formal正式Fee酬金费用Formal Authority正式授权Feedback反馈Formal Bid正式投标Field字段Formal Qualification Review正式资格评审Field Clarification现场澄清Formal Reprogramming正式重新计划Field Cost现场费用Formative Quality Evaluation程式化质量评估Field Inspection现场监察Forming组建形成Field/Project Office Overhead现场/项目办公室Formulation公式化管理费用FIFO先进先出Forward Pass正推法First In,First Out FP固定总价合同File文件Fixed Price ContractFile Transfer文件传输FPPIF固定总价加奖励合同File Transfer Protocol("FTP")文件传输协议Fixed Price Plus Incentive Fee ContractFilter过滤器Fractal分形Final Completion最终完工竣工Fragnet子网Final Contract Review合同最终评审Framework框架Final Design最终设计Free Float自由浮动时间Final Objectives最终目标Free Riding免费搭乘Final Payment最终付款尾款Free Slack自由时差自由浮动时间可用可宽限时间Final Report最终报告Freight货物Finance财政金融Frequency频率Financial财务的Frequency of Measure测量的频率Financial Administration财务管理Front End前端Financial Analysis财务分析Front Loading前装Financial Closeout财务收尾FTC预计完工Financial Control财务控制FTP文件传送协议Financial Management财务管理File Transfer ProtocolFinancial Ratios财务比率Full and Open Competition全面公开竞争Financial Sourcing资金来源Full Operational Capability全面运营能力Financial Viability财务可行性Full Time全职Financing融资Function职责Finish终结Function Point Analysis功能点分析Finish Date完成日期Function Points功能点Finish Float完成浮动时间完成时差Function,project management项目管理的职责Finish to Finish完成完成Functional Analysis功能分析Finish to Finish Lag完成完成滞后Functional Configuration Audit功能配置审核Finish to Start完成开始Functional Department Manager职能部门经理Finish to Start Lag完成开始滞后Functional Line Manager职能直线经理Finishing Activity结尾活动Functional Management职能管理部门Firewall防火墙Functional Manager("FM")职能经理Firm Fixed Price Contract("FFP")严格固定价格Functional Matrix职能型矩阵合同Firmware固件Functional Organization职能型组织First In,First Out("FIFO")先进先出Functional Personnel职能部门人员Fiscal Year财政年度/财年/会计年度Functional Plan,administrative行政管理职能性计划Fixed Cost固定成本Functional Plan,architectural建筑功能设计图Fixed Costs固定费用Functional Program需求功能描述Fixed Date固定日期Functional Project Leader项目中的职能领导Fixed Fee固定酬金费用Functional Requirements功能要求Fixed Finish固定完成Functional Responsibility职能部门的职责Fixed Price固定价格Functional Specification功能规范书Fixed Price Contract("FP")固定价格合同Functionality功能性Fixed Price Contracts固定价格合同Function-Quality Integration功能-质量的集成Fixed Price Plus Incentive Fee ContractFunding资金投入("FPPIF")固定价格加激励酬金合同Fixed Start固定开始Funding Profile资金投入状况Imposed Start.FURPS功能使用性可靠性性能支持Fixed-Duration Scheduling固定工期进度安排Future value将来值Gantt甘特Fuzzy Front End模糊的前端Gantt Chart Goal Setting Theory目标设定理论Gantt Bar甘特图中的条形图Goods货物Gantt Chart甘特图Goodwill商誉Gantt Charts甘特图Governance管理Gantt,Henry甘特,亨利Government政府Gates关卡关口Grade等级General Accounting System总帐系统Grape Vine葡萄藤Graph图表General Conditions综合条件General Management Skills通用管理技能Graphical Evaluation and Review Technique("GERT")图形评审技术General Manager总经理Graphical User Interface("GUI")图形用户界面General Project Alignment综合项目联盟Group Communication组内/间交流General Provisions总则Group work群体工作General Requirements常规要求Groupthink群体思想General Sequencing常规序列Growth增长Generalization泛化关系归纳Guarantee保证书Generalized Activity Network普遍化活动网络图Guaranteed Maximum保证最大限度Geographical Separation地理分隔Guaranteed Maximum Price保证最大价格GERT图形评审技术GUI图形用户界面Goal目的Guidance指导Guideline指南三、例句分析1、项目管理基本概念英语例句A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product,service,or result.项目是为提供某项独特产品、服务或成果所做的临时性努力。

英语专业基础英语综合教程2-基英复习资料整理2

Unit 1Ⅰ.Translation1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。

（illusion）Thanks to modern technology, the film about that ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves.2.在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地被保存了下来。

（devastate）The whole ancient city was devastated by that fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived.3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。

（fill with）The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake.4.那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。

（leave behind）In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down / sacrificed their lives.5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成。

（off andon）The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money.6.1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。