2020年中考英语复习专题一:名词

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中考英语考点专项复习专题一名词含解析

中考英语考点专项复习专题一名词含解析

名词1. 名词语法的基本框架2.名词语境辨析3.名词的正确形式填空4.名词词组填空5.名词在句子中运用6.名词语篇填空1名词语法基本框架名词的数名词的所有格名词单复数的判断1.如何判定是可数名词还是不可数名词①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如:desk,desks;②可数名词前面可以被基数词,不定冠词(a/an),many修饰,如:three boys,an apple, many students。

2.如何判定是不可数名词①不可数名词没有复数形式,如:tea,meat;②不可数名词,若表示数量,可用量词加不可数名词,如:a piece of paper, two cups of tea。

3. 常见的名词修饰词①只修饰可数名词的修饰语few 几乎没有a few 有几个several 有几个many 很多a couple of 两个a number of 若干a great/large number of 许多②只修饰不可数名词的修饰语little很少,几乎没有a little有一点儿much很多a good/great deal of很多a bit of有一点儿a large amount of大量的③既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语some 一些a lot of 很多lots of 很多plenty of 充足的enough 足够的most 大多数的hardly any 几乎没有the rest of 剩下的名词拓展1.voice, noise, soundvoice指人的说话声或唱歌声,指人的“嗓音”;noise是“吵闹声、噪音”,指不悦耳的声音;sound指自然界中的任何声音。

2.work与jobwork是不可数名词,指需花费体力和脑力的工作;job是可数名词,多指“零工”或“短工”。

例:a part-time job一份兼职工作;out of work 失业3.family, home, housefamily强调整体,指“家、家庭”时,谓语动词用单数;强调个人,指“家庭成员”时,谓语动词用复数;不用于指住房。

2020年中考英语语法重点纲要

2020年中考英语语法重点纲要

初中英语语法重点汇总Ⅰ. 词法一、名词1、名词的种类❖专有名词❖普通名词✓可数名词个体名词、集体名词✓不可数名词物质名词、抽象名词2、名词的数❖可数名词的数✓单数✓复数➢规则变化●一般情况下词尾-s●以-s、-x、-ch、-sh等结尾的名词词尾-es●以辅音字母-y结尾的词,变y为i,-es●以元音字母-y结尾的词,直接词尾-s●以-f/-fe结尾的词,变f/fe为v,-es●以-o结尾的词,-s或-es➢不规则变化●单词中元音字母发生变化,如man-men,foot,feet●单数复数同形,如sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese●复合名词,只变主体名词部分,如boyfriend-boyfriends●其他,如child-children➢特殊情况●只用复数的名词●以-s结尾但并不是复数的名词●集体名词既可以复数,也可以单数●其他❖不可数名词的数✓不可数名词没有复数形式✓有些不可数名词表示具体事物时可数,但意义不同,如chicken,paper3、名词的计量❖可数名词的计量❖不可数名词的计量4、名词所有格❖-’s所有格❖of+名词所有格❖of+-’s 双重所有格❖被名词所有格修饰的名词的省略5、名词在句子中的作用作主语作表语作宾语作宾语补足语作定语作状语作同位语作称呼语二、代词1、人称代词2、物主代词3、反身代词4、相互代词有each other和one another等5、指示代词❖单数:this,that❖复数:these,those6、不定代词❖some和any❖many和much❖both和all❖neither和none❖either、each和every❖another、other(s)和the other(s)✓for another two weeks = for two more weeks ✓some...others...✓one...the other...✓the others = the other +复数❖(a) few和(a) little❖one(s)❖复合不定代词:some-,any-,no-,every-❖复数:these,those7、疑问代词❖指人✓主格:who✓宾格:whom✓所有格:whose❖指物what❖指人或物which8、连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever 9、关系代词who,whom,whose,what,which三、数词1、常见表达法❖日期与时刻✓日期某月某年、某月某日、“月日,年”或“日月,年”✓时刻直接读数表示、用past或to表示❖年龄和年代✓年龄基数词✓年代in the+带有整十的年份的复数或-’s形式❖货币符号+基数词❖编号名词+基数词、the+序数词+名词❖ 小数分数百分数✓ 小数 如three point nine o/zero seven (3.907) ✓ 分数➢ 分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于1时分母序数词后加-s ,如:one third (31),two fifths (52)➢ 分子是2时,常用half ;分子是4时,常用quarter➢ 带分数用“基数词+and+分数”,如:one and two fifths (521)❖ 倍数✓ 倍数+比较级+ than ✓ 倍数+ as +原级+ as ✓ 倍数+ as many/much...+ as...✓ 倍数+ the size/weight/height/length/age...+of... ❖ 约数✓ 大约 about ,nearly ,almost ,some ,around 等 ✓ 超过 over 或more than ✓ 少于 less than ✓ 左右 or so ❖ 算式“+” 用plus 或and ;“-”用minus ;“×”用times 或multiplied by ;“÷”用divided by 2、数词的句法功能❖ 作主语 Twenty of them are from Chonqing. ❖ 作宾语 I like the third best. ❖ 作表语 He is twelve.❖ 作定语 Tom is the tallest of the three boys. ❖ 作状语 Where did you first meet him?❖作同位语We two will help you.3、数词的构成和用法❖基数词✓100以内基数词✓100以上基数词❖序数词✓1~3,4~19✓20~90整十位数✓21以上✓一百、一千、一百万四、介词1、介词的分类简单介词、合成介词、双重介词、短语介词2、介词的位置常规位置、其他位置3、介词短语❖构成介+名,介+代,介+数,介+动名,介+疑问词+不定式,介+从句❖作用作定语、作状语、作表语、作宾语补足语4、介词固定搭配介词与名词、介词与动词、介词与形容词、介词与副词、介词与过去分词5、常见介词用法❖表示时间✓at,in,on✓since,for✓after,in✓by,until/til✓before,after✓from✓during❖表示地点、方位✓at,in,on,to✓on,over,above,under,below✓beside,by,near,nearby,next to,around ✓inside,outside✓into,onto,out of,off✓across,through,past,over,along,down ❖表示方式手段工具✓in,on,by✓in,by,with❖其他✓on,about✓except,except for,besides ✓between,among✓of✓like ✓with✓without ✓for✓as✓against五、冠词1、冠词的用法❖定冠词✓特指的✓谈话双方都知道的✓上文提到的✓独一无二的❖不定冠词✓一类中的任意一个✓第一次谈到✓一类人或物✓数量“一”✓每一,相当于every❖不用冠词✓已有定语✓不可数或复数表一类✓三餐、球类、学科2、冠词的位置❖定冠词❖不定冠词3、有无冠词的区别❖go to school 去上学/ go to the school 到学校去(不一定是学生)❖on earth 究竟/ on the earth 在地球上❖next year 明年/ the next year 第二年❖at table 在吃饭/ at the table 在桌子旁边❖by sea 乘船/ by the sea 在海边❖in bed(睡、病、躺)在床上/ in the bed (某物)在床上❖in class 在上课/ in the class 在班上❖in front of 在(……外部的)前面/ in the front of 在(……内部的)前面六、连词1、按形式简单连词、关联连词、短语连词2、按功能❖并列连词✓表并列and,both...and...,neither...nor...,not only...but also...,as well as✓表转折but,while,yet✓表选择either...or...,or✓表因果so,for❖从属连词✓引导名词性从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句✓引导状语从句时间状语、条件状语、原因状语、目的状语、让步状语、结果状语、地点状语、比较状语、方式状语七、副词1、副词的种类时间、地点、频度、方式、程度、疑问、关系、连接、其他2、副词的构成形容词+-ly,与形容词同形3、副词的句法功能作状语、作定语、作表语、作补足语4、副词在句中的位置时间地点、频度、方式、程度、疑问、关系和连接、地点、修饰句子5、副词的比较等级❖构成✓规则✓不规则❖用法6、副词与形容词比较作用不同、句中位置不同、谓语动词7、常见易混副词辨析❖too,either,also,as well ❖already,yet❖ago,before❖hard,hardly❖late,lately❖very,much,very much ❖too,very,quite❖just,just now❖such,so ❖nearly,almost❖fast,quickly,soon❖too much,much too❖how long,how often,how soon ❖farther,further❖sometimes,sometime❖no,not❖maybe,perhaps❖high,highly八、形容词1、形容词的种类性质形容词、叙述形容词2、形容词的构成❖本身就是形容词❖名词+后缀-y,-ful,-less,-ern,-ly,-n❖复合形容词数词+名词、形容词+名词-ed、形容词+动词-ing、名词+动词-ed、副词+动词-ed3、形容词的句法功能作定语、作表语、作宾语补足语、作状语、作主语或宾语4、形容词的位置❖前置或后置❖排序限定词+数量词+描绘性形容词(大小长短形状新旧颜色)+出处+材料+类别用途+名词5、形容词的比较等级❖构成✓规则变化➢long-longer-longest➢nice-nicer-nicest➢big-bigger-biggest➢easy-easier-easiest➢beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful✓不规则变化➢good/well-better-best➢bad/ill-worse-worst➢little-less-least➢many/much-more-most➢far-farther/further-farthest/furthest➢old-older/elder-oldest/eldest❖用法✓同级比较、同级比较特殊用法✓比较级、比较级特殊用法✓最高级、最高级特殊用法6、含有形容词的固定短语和句型❖固定短语at,about,for,in,of,to,with ❖常用句子✓It’s + adj. + of sb. to do sth.✓It’s + adj + for sb. to do sth.✓sb. be + adj. + to do sth.7、常见易混形容词辨析❖good,fine,nice,well ❖alone,lonely❖interesting,interested ❖exciting,excited ❖ill,sick❖true,real❖huge,large,big,great ❖pleased,pleasant❖elder,older❖farther,further九、动词1、动词的基本形式动词原形、一般现在时第三人称单数、现在分词、过去分词、过去式2、动词的种类❖行为动词及物动词、不及物动词❖连系动词后跟表语❖助动词无意义,语法需要。

中考英语专题复习总结——冠词与名词

中考英语专题复习总结——冠词与名词

专题一冠词和名词知识清单常考点清单一冠词一、冠词在句中的位置及分类冠词主要放在名词之前,说明名词所表示的人或物,它不能离开名词而单独存在。

冠词有两种:a和an为不定冠词,the为定冠词。

二、冠词的泛指和特指用法泛指是指首次提到的、不限定的人或物。

特指是指上文已提到的人或物,或是指被限制性修饰语在其后加以限定的人或物,也可以是指说话者双方心目中所默认的特定的人或事物。

冠词的特指和泛指用法可归纳为下表:单一,每一,任一事物a(n)上文提到过的人或事物可数名词前一定要用冠词被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事物特指说话双方所默认的人或事物世上独一无二的事物the指类别the特指被限制性修饰语所限定的人或事物复数可数名词说话双方所默认的人或事物不可数名词前泛指人或事物零冠词指类别三、不定冠词的用法1. 在叙述时用于第一次提到的某人或某物。

This is a book. 这是一本书。

2. 泛指人或事物的某一类别,以区别其他种类。

A plane is a machine that can fly. 翻译:___3. 泛指某人或某物。

A girl is waiting for you. 翻译:___4. 用于表示时间、速度、价格等意义的名词之前,有“每一”的意思,相当于every。

80 kilometers an hour,_______________ five lessons a week _______________ twice a month____5. 用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前,表示“一阵,一份,一类,一场”等。

There’ll be a strong wind in South China. 翻译:___6. 用于某些固定词组中。

a few/ little / bit (一点儿), have a swim / walk / talk / look / drink / rest = swim/ walk / talk / look / rest,have a cold (感冒), have a good time (玩得高兴), in a hurry (匆忙), for a while (一会儿), keep a diary (写日记), do sb a favor (帮助某人)7. 用于可视为一体的两个名词前。

【中考英语 考题研究】专题01 名词(原卷版)

【中考英语 考题研究】专题01 名词(原卷版)

专题01 名词1.(2022·湖北武汉·统考中考真题)—Why do you practice Tai Chi every day? —Because this Chinese form of exercise helps me relax and find my inner (内心的) ________. A.voice B.quality C.beauty D.peace 2.(2021·湖北武汉·统考中考真题)The idiom(成语) “Mengzi’s mother makes three moves” tells of a mother who did all she could to provide the best________ for her child.A.experience B.instruction C.environment D.information 3.(2020·湖北·中考真题)—How’s Mr. Clark’s small company?—Quite good. It has grown to become a______________ in the international trade.A.rule B.duty C.power D.sign 4.(2019·湖北武汉·统考中考真题)—Dad, what is the loudspeakersaying?—It is to the . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now.A.customers B.passengers C.members D.tourists 5.(2018·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Kate, I' m going shopping. Anything to buy for you? —Yes, that will save me a ________.A.hand B.trip C.visit D.bill 6.(2017·湖北武汉·中考真题)一I wonder if you've made a decision on project, Eric.一Not yet. I can't make it until I have first-hand on prices.A.news B.knowledge C.information D.education 7.(2016·湖北武汉·中考真题)---Look, the boss is very angry with Alex.---Well,he came late again.But that’s no______ to shout at him.A.problem B.lesson C.excuse D.reason 8.(2015·湖北武汉·中考真题)—Any special ________ in this shopping mall now? —Sure, we have the latest e-products on sale.A.offer B.price C.brand D.service 9.(2013·湖北武汉·中考真题)He will have to watch his ________ because of his serious stomach problem.A.style B.diet C.smell D.menu 10.(2011·湖北武汉·中考真题)---I’m going to the supermarket, let me get you some fruit. ---OK. Thanks for your _____________.A.offer B.information C.message D.order1.考频:①在完形填空中考查较多,近6年连续考查且考查词义辨析,每年2-4道;在单项选择中每年考查1道(6年6考);②近6年在词语运用中每年考查2-4道;考查角度为名词变复数,且均为规则变化;近6年所考查词汇不重复;2.考查类别:①同类名词词义辨析:每年考查2-4道,主要涉及抽象类、地点类、职业类、称呼类、语言学习类、身体部位类;②不同类名词词义辨析;考情分析表课标语法项目题型年份考查特点名词词义辨析单项选择(6年6考)2022 33.peace2021 37.environment2020 37.power2019 37.passengers2018 36.trip2017 rmation完形填空(6年18考)2022 48.hill, 53.teeth,55.water2021 41.parents, 43.idea,48.family2020 41.job boratory2019 45.work, 49.vacations, 53.magazine2018 41.truth, 44.mouse, 45.cause 47.story2017 44.heat, 51.notes, 55.health词语运用(6年18考)2022 71.products, 81.way 82.numbers2021 73.courage, 85.future2020 76.animals, 79.centuries, 81.machine, 85.dream2019 76.guest, 77.pencil, 83.winner, 85.pride2018 80.planet, 81.air, 82.matter,2017 76.product, 78.history, 85.favorite知识导图命题点:名词词义辨析1.(2022·湖北武汉·校考模拟预测)—We were out of ________ after climbing such a high mountain.—Well, but the view on the top was wonderful!A.control B.breath C.order D.shape 2.(2022·湖北武汉·三模)—The 1. 91-meter-tall girl was laughed at for being different. —But the height became her ________ when she started playing basketball.A.experience B.advantage C.hobby D.interest 3.(2022·湖北武汉·模拟预测)—More and more young people come to ride the East Lake Eye. —That’s true. It has become the ________ of Wuhan.A.pride B.effort C.light D.praise 4.(2022·湖北武汉·校考模拟预测)—Captain Sullenberger made a quick ________ to land the plane on the freezing water of the nearby Hudson River.—He was an experienced pilot. Thanks to him, all the passengers landed safely.A.plan B.difference C.discussion D.decision5.(2022·湖北武汉·校考模拟预测)—After listening to Musk’s speech, I make up my mind to invent something to change the world.—Yeah! He is really a/an ________ to us all.A.model B.master C.president D.inspiration 6.(2022·湖北武汉·武汉第三寄宿中学校考模拟预测)—The concert was really a success! —Yeah! I hear James, the band’s drummer, was the ________ behind the whole program. A.brain B.hobby C.foot D.sense 7.(2022·湖北武汉·三模)—What do you think of the sports car?—Not only does it have nice appearance, but it can also hold its ________.A.power B.value C.secret D.effort 8.(2022·湖北武汉·武汉外国语学校(武汉实验外国语学校)校考模拟预测)—Have you heard that Tim is going to sell his house?—Yes. I guess losing his job has pushed him into a ________. He really needs money. A.corner B.room C.break D.direction 9.(2022·湖北武汉·校考模拟预测)It’s reported that under the ________ of the Chinese government, the second black box of the crashed China Eastern Airlines flight MU5735 has been found by firefighters successfully.A.control B.situation C.system D.instruction 10.(2022·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)—How will you spend the coming vacation?—It’s a secret, but my idea is taking __________ in my mind.A.photos B.shape C.action D.steps 11.(2022·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)Almost everyone knows the famous Chinese saying by Laozi: A thousand-mile journey begins with the first __________.A.lesson B.place C.step D.time 12.(2022·湖北武汉·模拟预测)—I don’t know how to piece together the bookcase which I bought from IKEA.—Don’t worry! Just follow the ________.A.directions B.instruments C.instructions D.introductions 13.(2022·湖北武汉·模拟预测)The TV play A Lifelong Journey got good ________ so the public are eager to watch it.A.reviews B.reasons C.suggestions D.messages 14.(2022·湖北武汉·武汉一初慧泉中学校考模拟预测)A good detective has a nose for solving crimes. Here “have a nose” means you have a special ________ for something.A.ability B.smell C.chance D.experience 15.(2022·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)—Do you think Tom could win in the English competition?—I believe so, he really studies hard and has a lot of ________.A.fight B.pride C.dreams D.fear 16.(2022·湖北武汉·武汉一初慧泉中学校考模拟预测)—How is the meeting going right now? —Good. After a pretty heated __________, they reached an agreement finally.A.party B.report C.exchange D.speech 17.(2022·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)—I was allowed to work as a volunteer at the Beijing Winter Olympic Games.—That must be a great ________.A.dream B.experience C.wish D.work 18.(2022·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)—Alfred was born in Germany, but he has made China his ________.—He is a nice guy.A.family B.home C.house D.place 19.(2022·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)—We were out of __________ after climbing such a high mountain.—Well, but the view on the top was wonderful!A.control B.breath C.order D.problem 20.(2022·湖北武汉·统考二模)—Don’t talk too much. I’m in a hurry. So please come to the __________.—OK, I’ll try to make it short.A.appointment B.point C.decision D.discussion 21.(2022·湖北武汉·模拟预测)— Do you know the saying Sunshine comes after the storm? It suggests that only if people experience difficulties and failure, will they get success.— Yes, we should have the ________ to face the trouble.A.courage B.result C.fear D.confidence 22.(2022·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)—What do you think of Tom?—I don’t like him. He had a long ________ for people who had disappointed him.A.record B.mind C.thought D.memory 23.(2022·湖北武汉·武汉外国语学校(武汉实验外国语学校)校考模拟预测)—Carrying such a heavy backpack while climbing is quite a(n) ________!—But the water and snacks are all we’ll need.A.pity B.exchange C.pride D.effort 24.(2022·湖北武汉·统考一模)—How was your basketball match?—The team put up a good ________ but were finally beaten.A.rule B.fight C.power D.score 25.(2022·湖北武汉·统考三模)—Why could Jim make so much ________ in English?—He made a decision to be a tour guide.A.invention B.theme C.fear D.progress 26.(2022·湖北武汉·统考二模)—The ________ of living is much higher now than it was before.—I can’t agree more.A.value B.price C.cost D.worth 27.(2022·湖北武汉·统考一模)—What does the Chinese saying “People mountain people sea” mean?—It is used to describe a ________ where there are too many people in one place.A.scene B.sight C.scenery D.symbol 28.(2020·湖北武汉·校考二模)—Tom said he would never play with Jim. But I saw them swimming together just now—Oh! Jim took great ________ to improve their relationship.A.pains B.troubles C.tricks D.deals 29.(2022·湖北武汉·模拟预测)—Maybe we could celebrate our graduation tomorrow. —What did you have in _________?A.heart B.brain C.mind D.thought 30.(2021·湖北武汉·统考一模)—Is that Jenny? I can’t believe my eyes! She used to be such a shy girl.— Yes. Her confidence has grown with the ________of time.A.period B.passage C.amount D.length 31.(2022·湖北武汉·校联考模拟预测)—Why are the farmers so worried?—It has rained for months. They always wait for a _______ in the weather, but it never comes. A.silence B.control C.break D.chance 32.(2021·湖北武汉·统考二模)— Everywhere was people mountain people sea during the Labour Day. Do you understand?—I get it. “People mountain people sea” is a Chinese saying used to describe a ________ where there are too many people in one place.A.scene B.sight C.scenery D.symbol 33.(2021·湖北武汉·统考二模)—How’s the discussion going?—Not so good, I hope they’ll reach their ________ as soon as possible.A.situation B.problem C.decision D.invitation 34.(2021·湖北武汉·武汉一初慧泉中学校考模拟预测)—Listen to me, Caroline! You shouldn’t do like this.—But it’s not your ________ to give advice. You know nothing about the project.A.reason B.fault C.place D.honor35.(2021·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测)It would be my greatest ________ if I could work at the operating table until my dying day.A.promise B.decision C.resolution D.happiness 36.(2021·湖北武汉·统考一模)—Beijing Opera is China’s national opera and it is full of Chinese culture traditions. We can appreciate different kinds of traditional ________ dressed by actors in it.—Yeah. It’s also a symbol of Chinese culture.A.clothes B.customs C.uniforms D.costumes 37.(2021·湖北武汉·统考三模)Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your ________, you must keep moving.A.promise B.position C.balance D.ability 38.(2022·湖北武汉·一模)— We can always find something good in a bad ________ if we look for it.—It’s so true. Let’s make full use of what comes.A.situation B.direction C.instruction D.competition 39.(2021·湖北武汉·校考模拟预测)—Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?—Sorry. This is not the right ________ to invite me for I am too tired to walk.A.moment B.situation C.place D.chance 40.(2021·湖北武汉·武汉外国语学校(武汉实验外国语学校)校考模拟预测)—There’s never a moment when my 3-year-old son will sit down and keep quiet.—Children are by ________ very energetic.A.habit B.custom C.nature D.tradition。

【中考英语常考易错点】专题一名词

【中考英语常考易错点】专题一名词

专题一名词易错清单1. information,message,news(1) information作“信息”解,通常指在阅读、观察、谈话或书信往来中特别关注的消息、情报、资料等。

它侧重内容,是不可数名词。

如:They must find out some information about planes to Kunming as quickly as possible.他们必须尽快查到有关飞往昆明班机的信息。

(2)news作“新闻”解,一般指通过广播、电视、报纸等新闻媒体向大众发布的社会各方面的最新消息,它侧重一个“新”字,是不可数名词。

如:There's a piece of interesting news in today's newspaper. 在今天的报纸上有一条有趣的消息。

No news is good news.没消息就是好消息。

(3)message作“音信”解,一般指口头传递的或书写的“消息”,是可数名词。

如:She often sends messages to me with her mobile phone.她经常给我发手机短信。

2. noise,voice,sound(1) sound “声音”,为最常用词,指可以听到的任何声音,强的,弱的,令人愉快的或不愉快的,有意义的或无意义的。

如:I was reading last night,when suddenly I heard a sound in the next room.昨晚我正看书时,突然听到隔壁房间有声音。

(2) noise 常指太响或人们不愿听到的声音,“嘈杂声、喧闹声”。

如:The boys made too much noise.孩子们太吵闹了。

(3) voice 指“说话声”“唱歌声”“嗓音”如:That sounds like Mary's voice. 那声音听起来好像玛丽的声音。

专题01 名词中考英语一轮复习之教材知识点一遍过(人教版)

专题01 名词中考英语一轮复习之教材知识点一遍过(人教版)

A. magazines B. letters
C. photos
D. books
3. Please consider other people's ____A____ while you are speaking loudly in public.
A. feelings
B. names
C. advantages D. suggestions
a basket of一篮
a box of一盒
a bottle of一瓶
a cup of一杯
a group of一群
a pair of一组/双/对
a piece of一片/张/块
a pile of一堆
②不可数名词的量化中量词的数要根据其前的修饰词来确定。如:a
spoon of soup→two spoons of soup。
以字母f或fe 再加es
knife→knives shelf→shelves wolf→wolves
结尾的词 f结尾的名词 chief→chiefs
直接加s
belief→beliefs
表示有生命 以辅音字母
的加es 加o结尾的
表示无生tato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes photo→photos zoo→zoos radio→radios piano→pianos
A. attention
B. progress
C. information D. pride
2. To keep our city clean and beautiful, the ____D____ are always very busy in the street.

中考英语语法专题复习:名词(共19张PPT)

中考英语语法专题复习:名词(共19张PPT)

15 —Who did you spend last weekend with? —________. A. Palmer’s B. The Palmers’ C. The Palmers D. The Palmer’s
中考英语语法: 名词备考知识点
考点分析
1、名词辨析:
名词辨析的考查角度以语境类辨析和近义词 辨析为主,少量涉及词性辨析、常识辨析及固 定搭配。
2、名词单复数:
名词单复数考查数量较少,包括规则变形和不 规则变形两种。
3、名词所有格:
名词所有格考查数量较少,包括两者共有的所 有格,时间名词所有格,数量词所有格的用法。
C. A large number of D. Quite a few
7. –– Let’s try operating the machine right now.
––Wait. Better read the _____first.
A. instructions B. explanations
有一些事不规则变化,需改变单数名词中的元音 字母如:man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth
还有单复数形式相同的情况,读音不变,如: fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer ChineseChinese Japanese-Japanese
2.近义词辨析
对近义名词有考查,如message口 信,information信息。
message为可数名词,指口信,常用词组: leave或take a message; information指消息、 信息、资料。
常见近义词组(学生可以根据以下词条进行归 纳记忆)。 1. advice与suggestion 2. problem与question 3. house, home, family与room 4. idea, thought与opinion 5. job与work 6. voice, noise与sound 7. message, news与information

2020年初中三年中考两年模拟英语专题--专题一 名词

2020年初中三年中考两年模拟英语专题--专题一 名词
栏目索引
专题一 名词
考点突破
考点一 名词词义辨析 考点二 名词的数 考点三 名词所有格
总纲目录 栏目索引
考点突破
考点一 名词词义辨析
考点突破
栏目索引
一、名词的分类 名词即表示人或物名称的词,它分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。具体情况见 下表:
类别 专有名词
普 通 名 词
个体名词
集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词
bus→buses box→boxes brush→brushes watch→watches
部分以f,fe结尾的,把f,fe变成v,再加-es,有些直接在 knife→knives wife→wives roof→roofs belief→beliefs 词尾加-s
以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i,再加-es
中考题组
栏目索引
4.(2019重庆)One page of the book is missing, so I can't learn the whole story. (copy/page/writer/reader) 5.(2019山西)To keep our city beautiful, the cleaners are always very busy in the streets. We shouldn't throw rubbish everywhere.(policemen/cleaners/drivers) 6.(2019湖北武汉)—Dad,what is the loudspeaker saying? —It is to the passengers . The flight to Wuhan is boarding now.(customers/passengers/members/tourists) 7.(2019江西)My daughter helps me cook, but she isn't old enough to be left alone in the kitchen .(bedroom/classroom/lab/kitchen)

专题 01 名词 ——《破解2020年中考英语之易错易混点丢分题》(解析版)

专题 01 名词 ——《破解2020年中考英语之易错易混点丢分题》(解析版)

1. 【2019 • 四川省自贡市】—What else do we need to make cold beef ?—____________.A. Two spoons saltB. Two spoons of saltsC. Two spoons of salt【参考答案】C【试题解析】考查名词的用法。

句意:——我们还需要什么来做冷牛肉呢?——两勺盐。

Salt为不可数名词,不可数名词的数量可以用适当的表容器的名词作单位来表示,结构为"数词+表容器的名词+ of +不可数名词"。

故用表“两勺……”时,用two spoons of…。

掌握不可数名词具体数量的表达法是做这道题的关键,不可数名词本身含义上不可数,没有复数形式,但也可以表示复数概念,即把量词变为复数形式,且量词和不可数名词之间必须有of。

很多同学没有掌握住这一点,导致出错。

要表示不可数名词的具体数量,其前必须用"计量名词+of"短语,但计量名词有单、复数之分。

例如:a/one cup of tea 一杯茶two bags of rice 两袋米three glasses of water 三玻璃杯水a piece of paper 一张纸a tin of Coca Cola 一罐可口可乐Two bottles of water 两瓶水【温馨提示】做题时切忌直接在不可数名词后直接加s,另外需记牢"数词+表容器的名词+ of +不可数名词"结构。

不可数名词一般情况下,专有名词、物质名称、抽象名词为不可数名词。

不可数名词一般没有复数形式,但有些名词在不同的语境下有不同的含义,从而也表现出可数与不可数性。

1. 常见的不可数名词不能用具体的数字来表示。

cotton棉花,food食物,hair头发,health健康,ice冰,wind风, steel 钢铁2. 可转化为可数名词的物资名称(1)有些不可数名词在表达个体概念时,是可数名词。

rain雨→a rain一场雨,wind风→a wind一阵风,beer啤酒→a beer一杯啤酒,paper纸→a paper一份论文(2)有些物质名词的复数形式表示特殊含义。

【语法过关】专题01 名词中考英语一轮复习课件

【语法过关】专题01 名词中考英语一轮复习课件

满分秘籍
易失分点
提分特训
(2022·江苏连云港·中考真题)6. The hat is not the right
________ for me. I’d like a smaller one.A. size
B. style C.
colour D. material
【答案】A 【解析】句意:这顶帽子大小不适合我。 我想要小一点的。 考查名词辨析。size大小,尺寸;style款式;colour颜色; material材料。根据“I’d like a smaller one”可知,是尺寸不合适, 故选A。
【答案】C 【解析】句意:——格林小姐,你喜欢黑咖啡吗?——不,我要甜咖啡。请 放些糖进去。考查名词辨析。ice冰;salt盐;sugar糖。根据“I’d like sweet coffee.”可知,因为喜欢甜咖啡,所以要放一些糖,sugar符合句意;故选C。
满分秘籍
易失分点
提分特训
(2022·四川达州·中考真题)3. —I want to learn more about the history of Tang
Dynasty. —Why not use the Internet to find more ________?A. information B.
messages
C. advice
D. discussions
【答案】A 【解析】句意:——我想了解更多关于唐朝的历史。——为什么不上网查找更 多的信息呢?考查名词辨析。information信息;messages消息;advice建议; discussions讨论。根据“Why not use the Internet to find more...”可知,是上网查找 信息,故选A。

专题01 名词--2023年中考英语考试研究(河北专用)(解析版)

专题01  名词--2023年中考英语考试研究(河北专用)(解析版)

专题01 名词1.(2020·河北·统考中考真题)In a restaurant, people usually choose food and drink fromthe .A.book B.menu C.newspaper D.magazine【答案】B【详解】句意:在餐馆里,人们通常从菜单上选择食物和饮料。

考查名词辨析。

book书籍;menu 菜单;newspaper 报纸;magazine杂志。

通过空前的“In a restaurant在餐馆里”及“choose food and drink选择食物”可知,此处是说从“菜单”上选择食物。

故选B。

2.(2019·河北·中考真题)I like this song. It’s by one of my favorite_________.A.singers B.dancers C.painters D.writers【答案】A【详解】句意:我喜欢这首歌,它是我最喜欢的歌手之一唱的。

根据I like this song.可知是最喜欢的歌手唱的;singers歌手,dancers舞蹈家,painters画家,writers作家;故选A。

3.(2018·河北·中考真题)Did you hear the ________? A scientist will visit our school. A.advice B.news C.praise D.choice【答案】B【详解】句意:你听到这个消息了吗?一位科学家将参观我们的学校。

考查名词词义辨析。

advice意为“建议”;news意为“消息、新闻”;praise意为“赞美、赞扬”;choice意为“选择”。

根据句意语境,可知ACD三项意思都与句意不合,故选B。

A.secret B.advice C.promise D.purpose【答案】B【详解】句意:你的建议是非常有帮助的。

【中考英语复习 知识清单】专题01-名词(原卷及答案)

【中考英语复习 知识清单】专题01-名词(原卷及答案)

专题01-名词2023年中考英语知识清单(通用版)目录1.名词的数(可数名词): (1)2.名词的数(不可数名词) (3)3.名词所有格 (3)4.牛刀小试 (4)1.名词的数(可数名词):英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词,一般有单数和复数形式两种形式。

可数名词的单数变为复数的规则为:1)一般情况下,在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。

如:book-books;pen-pens;eraser-erasers2)以字母x;s;ch;sh结尾的单词,其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。

如:bus-buses;box-boxes;watch-watches3)以辅音字母+y结尾的可数名词,其复数形式是把字母y变为i再加-es。

如:baby-babies;country-countries;city-cities注意:如果是以元音字母+y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。

如:boy-boys;toy-toys4)以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词,其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。

如:wife-wives;leaf-leaves;knife-knives5)以字母o结尾的可数名词,其复数形式一般加-s,或-es。

如:photo-photos;radio-radios;piano-pianos;tomato-tomatoes;potato-potatoes6)一些特殊变化的复数形式。

如:man/woman-men/women;child-children;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;mouse-mice7)有些名词的单复数形式相同:如:sheep;deer;Chinese;Japanese注意:有些集体名词本身既表示单数意义又表示复数意义。

当这些名词指代一个单位、机构或被看成一个整体时,作单数形式理解;如果表示这个群体的所有成员,通常被看作复数。

2020中考英语专题——名词所有格(无答案)

2020中考英语专题——名词所有格(无答案)

2020温州中考专题汇编——名词所有格1、名词的格格(case)是名词和代词的曲折变化形式,它在句中表示与其他词的关系。

英语中名词的格的种类英语名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。

名词的主格和宾格形式相同,所以它们又统称作通格。

当名词用作主语、宾语、表语时,用通格。

英语名词的所有格表示所属关系,它分-’s 所有格和 of 所有格两种形式。

一般地说,’s 所有格主要用于有生命的东西,of 所有格多用于无生命的东西,但也有许多例外。

2、名词所有格的-'s形式(1) 一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾s的复数名词)加-’s:children’s books 儿童图书today’s paper 今天的报纸(2) 带词尾s的复数名词只加省字撇('):girls’ school 女子学校the Smiths’ car 史密斯家的小汽车注:带词尾s的单数名词,通常仍加’s:the boss’s plan 老板的计划the hostess’s worry 女主人的担心(单数名词,不管是词尾带s还是不带s,所有格形式都是+’s ;复数名词,词尾不带s的+’s ,词尾带s的只需+’。

)(3)用and连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列连词后加-’s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加:Tom’s and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间Tom and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间(4)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时,名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词。

例the barber’s (shop)理发店at the doctor's(office)在诊所To my uncle's(house)到我叔叔家(5)’s形式的所有格常表示有生命的东西,但也可以表示一些无生命的事物,属于一些特殊的用法。

中考英语专项提分复习专项(一)—名词

中考英语专项提分复习专项(一)—名词

中考复习专项(一)——名词1.(2020·湖北恩施中考)Wuhan, one of the most important ______ in China, is famous for the Yellow Crane Tower.A.cities B.citys C.city2.(2020·云南昆明中考)A 12-year-old boy from Hunan invented a new kind of window because of his ______. The window can prevent children from falling out.A . communication B.celebration C.honest D.creativity3.(2020·辽宁丹东中考)—Jim, I have ______ in finishing so much work.—Don't worry. I can help you.A.ability B.success C.experience D.difficulty4.(2020·甘肃天水中考)Lily is a friend of ______.A.Mary's mother's B.Mary's mother's ofC.Mary mother's D.mother's of Mary5.(2020·湖北孝感中考)—Do you know Liu Hui finally entered a top school?—Certainly. That's the ______ of his hard work.A.habit B.suggestion C.result D.decision思考并总结:中考真题中关于名词的考点主要有哪些?你觉得自己哪一部分最需要加强?请在下述思维导图中用红笔重点标出自己的易错点并分享出来。

【中考英语总复习 易错考点分类练】01 名词(原卷及答案)

【中考英语总复习 易错考点分类练】01 名词(原卷及答案)

01 名词中考高频、易错考点高考频易错题典例考点一名词词义辨析The New York Times is a popular daily .A. DictionaryB. magazineC. newspaperD. guidebook错因分析:易错选B。

daily 意为“每日的”,不能准确理解此词的意思就易错选答案。

正确解答:C句意为:“《纽约时报》是一份很流行的日报。

"dictionary"词典;magazine" 杂志”;newspaper' 报纸”; guidebook"指南”。

能用daily“每日的"修饰的只能是“报纸”。

考点二可数名词的数1. I saw some and dancing in the street the day before yesterday.A. Germen; EnglishmenB. Germans. EnglishmansC. Germans;Englishmen错因分析:易错选A。

误认为German和Engishman的复教形式变化规则相同。

正确解答:C. German 的复数为Germans,而Englishman的复数为Englishmen.2. There are fifty in our school. They are all friendly to us.A. woman teachersB. women teacherC. woman teacherD. women teachers错因分析:易错选A。

复合名词变复数时,忽视由man和woman构成的复合名词这一特殊形式。

正确解答:D由man和woman构成的复合名词变复数时,前后两个名词都要变成复数。

考点三不可数名词I'm so hungry. Please give me to eat.A. three breadB. three pieces of breadC. three pieces of breads错因分析:易错选C。

2023年中考英语复习专题复习一名词+学案

2023年中考英语复习专题复习一名词+学案

专题复习一-------名词了解名词的含义和分类及用法名词的概念:表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

如:door, apple, China, air等。

名词分为:______名词和______名词两大类。

普通名词又分为_______名词和_______名词两种。

考点一:不可数名词1、不可数名词包括物质名词和抽象名词,它们不能直接和表示数字的词或不定冠词连用,也没有_______形式。

常考的不可数名词有:news(新闻), information(信息), 建议________, 天气________, 家庭作业____________, 时间_______, 钱__________, 纸___________,音乐___________等。

2、不可数名词可以借助______来表示一定的数量。

但也可以用much(许多), some/any(一些), a little(一点点),little (几乎没有) plenty of(很多), a lot of(=lots of)(许多)等修饰不可数名词。

一则新闻:a piece of news ; 两瓶水:two bottles of water ;四条建议______________________ ; 六张纸_________________ ;你能借给我一些钱吗?Could you lend me__________________?【中考真题再现】( ) 1. All the _____ are made of ______ , not plastics.A. glass; glassB. glasses, glassC. glasses , glassesD. glass, glasses( ) 2. Jenny gave us ____ on how to improve English.A. some advicesB. many advicesC. some adviceD. an advice考点二:可数名词单数变为复数的几条规律1、一般直接加-s: 比如:girl---__________map---_________2、以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的单词常在词尾加—es: 比如:bus—_______ brush---_______3、以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i,再加—es: 比如:story---_______ baby---_______4、以--o结尾的名词变复数常有下列2种变化:①【口诀:黑人和英雄正在吃士豆和西红柿。

中考英语专项复习--名词

中考英语专项复习--名词
activity, baby city, copy, cry, diary, dictionary, duty, factory, family, fly, hobby, lady, study university, victory胜利, company
可数名词 [c]
如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词,
词或a few, several 等修饰时,用单数.
可数名词 [c]
(5).有些名词看似复数形式, 实际上后面用单数。
e.g.:news(消息),maths(数学), physics(物理) politics (政治)
No news is good news. Physics is very hard for me.
可数名词个 集体 体名 名词 词: :cpheaopirl,e,bofaomk ily
普通名词
不可数名词抽物象质名名词词::lroavine,,kicneo,wsleudngsehine

指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称.它的 第一个字母必须大写.
A:表示人名 如:Lu Xun ; Doctor Li B:表示地名
人民医院在那里. People’s hospital is over there.
4.表示某人家, 店铺,诊所,工作处, 在名词后加 “…’s…” :the doctor’s
他们在格林先生家. They are at Mr Green’s.
医生的诊室里有很多人. Many people are at the doctor’s.
1.不可数名词前不可以加数词,但可以 加 lots of; plenty of; a great deal of; a bit of; much; more; some; a little; little ….
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6. My grandfather likes drinking a little ______ after breakfast.
A. tea
B. egg
C. rice D. cake
可数名词及其单复数
可数名词 可以用数字来进行计算的名词,有单数和复数两种形式。
(1)单数可数名词可以与不定冠词a/an连用,表示“一个、一本、
2.不可数名词的量化 情况 方法
示例
具体的 量
数词+数量名词+ of + 不可数名词
a piece of paper 一张纸 three kilos of rice 三千克大米
大概的 量
数量限定词+不可数名词 (用some, much, little,
a little, a lot of , lots of
表示“商铺”、“某 一般用“某人+’s (’)”来表示省去被修饰的表示地
人家”、“诊所”、 点的名词。 如:the doctor’s 在诊所
“办公室”
go to my uncle’s 去我叔叔家
注意 拓展
一些具有名词性的重合不定代词,如:
someone, everybody等和else连用时,’s应加在else 后。 如: somebody else’s pencil
的词,加-es
glass—glasses; watch—watches; 特例:stomachs
以辅音字母加-o结尾的 有生命的:tomato—tomatoes; hero—heroes;
词,若表示有生命的加-
potato—potatoes;
es,表示无生命的加-s
无生命的:photo—photos; piano—pianos;
以字母f或fe结尾的词, leaf—leaves; knife—knives; wife—wives;
变f或fe 为v再加-es
wolf—wolves; life—lives; 特例: belief—beliefs
以辅单字母加y结尾的词, country—countries; baby—babies;
常用作复数形式或只 有复数形式
noodles; glasses; trousers; thanks ; clothes; goods; chopsticks; people
表示 “某国人”
单复数同形 词尾加-s
变man 为men (复合名词)
其他特殊形式
a Chinese –two Chinese; a Japanese –two Japanese; a German—two Germans; an American—two Americans
3. Many foreign visitors come to see the ______ of Chongqing
every year, such as Hongyadong, Ciqikou and so on.
A. plays
B. concerts
C. cartoons D. sights
先变y为i再加-es
story—stories; city—cities;
巧学妙计
名词复数有规律,一般词尾加-s; 辅 音字母加-y型,变y为i加-es; ch,sh,s,x真有趣,全部都加-es; 字母o真神奇,有生命加-es,无生命加-s; f, fe 真小气,字母v来把它替,-es在后别忘记。
an Englishman—two Englishmen a Frenchman—two Frenchmen
a child—two children; a mouse—two mice
注意
名词作定语与名词所有格作定语的区别
一般来说,名词作定语通常说明被修饰的词的性质,而 名词所有格做定语则强调对修饰的词的所有(权)关系 或表示逻辑上的谓语关系。如:
fish iron
可数
不可数
练习,训练 锻炼
小鸡
鸡肉
报纸,文件 纸
树林
木头,木 材
鱼的种类 鱼肉
熨斗

专有名词
专有名词(词组)具有专有独一性,是个别人、事物、地点等 专有的名称。专有名词(词组)的第一个字母需要大写,但冠 词、介词等虚词的第一个字母一般不大写,有些专有名词(银 行类、组织、机构等)也可用该词组的缩写来表示,如: BOC(Bank of China )中国银行。
1.专有名词的类别
专有名词(词组)包括人名、地名、语言、团体机构、月份、星期、 节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。如Miss White, New York, Chinese, WTO, March, Tuesday, Mid-autumn Festival, Mulan.
2. 专有名词的用法
名词语境辨析
名词语境辨析的考查主要包含同类名词和不同类名词辨析。 其中同类名词辨析考查 种类涉及:抽象类、职业类、人物类、饮食类、生活用品类、 时间类动物类、地点类、科目类、自然类、身体部位。
1. He is such an honest ______ that all the teachers like him.
4. –We have no food at home. Shall we go to the _____?
-- OK, let’s go.
A. supermarket
B. library C. hospital D. theatre
5.David likes taking photos, so his father bought him a ____ last week. A. camera B. dictionary C. bicycle D. postcard
物集个质体体名名名词词词表材表p如e示料示oap构的一plep成词群le,各,人do种如或g物m一, bi体l些oky,的事wo物物o质d。或Family,
‘s所有格
抽象名词表示状态、品质、感情等抽象概
名词所有格
of 所有格:
念的词如 health, love
双重所有格
名词填空
填可数名词: 单数、复数 填不可数名词
名词语境 辨析
名词的数
同类名词 不同类名词 可数名词及其单复数
不可数名词
规则变化: way—ways, box-- boxes 不规则变化: foot– feet mouse--mice
专有名:表示特定的人或物的名称的词。
名 词
名词的分类
e.g. China , WTO
表示个体的人或事物的词,
普通名词
a five-year plan 一个五年计划
注意
(3)复合形容词,即“数词+名词单数形式+形容词”作定语时, 数词、名词和形容词之间都要有连字符。如:
a five-year-old boy 一个五岁的男孩
(4)man 和 woman 作定语时,其本身的单复数形式要与被修饰 词的单复数一致。如:
a man driver – men drivers a woman teacher – women teachers
a student teacher 实习老师 a student’s teacher 一位学生的老师
注意
(1)名词作定语,作定语的名词一般用单数形式。如:
boy students country music birthday present
男学生 乡村音乐 生日礼物
(2)复合名词,即“数词+连字符+名词”作定语时,这个 名词一般使用单数形式。如:
2. Your health problems are closely connected with bad eating _____ and a lack of exercise. A. habits B. space C. behaviors D. advice
3. Mrs. Wang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year . And she said she would never forget some pleasant ______ of working there. A. expressions B. experiences C. friendship D. progress
A . friend B. student
C. father D. uncle
2. The little boy wants to be a _____ when he grows up.
His dream is to fly in the sky.
A. writer B. pilot
C. director D. reporter
一张、一只”等意义。
如: a student 一名学生 a heavy box 一个重盒子
(以辅音音素开头的单词前用a )
an egg 一枚鸡蛋 an old house 一座老房子
(以元音音素开头的单词前用an )
(2)可数名词的复数表示两个、三本、四张、十只等意义 如: three books 三本书
不可数名词
不可数名词,即不能用数字来时进行计算的名词, 可分为:物质名词和抽象名词。
1.不可数名词的分类
类别
例词
物质 名词
抽象 名词
液体Βιβλιοθήκη 食物自然 情感 学科 概念
orange milk water wine juice tea coffee soup oil
bread meat
sun rain snow fog soil sand wood joy sadness math chemistry physics advice information health time wish
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