高考英语写作词汇升级

第十讲、高考英语写作宝典

上篇：语言基础

：造句基础；

汉英语序的区别；

LiHua is a girl. ——LiHua is a smart girl.

I love you. —— I love you very much.

I am a student. —— I am a student of New Oriental School.

There are some children playing b-ball. —— There are some children playing b-ball on the playing ground.

从以上四对句子的对比中，看出汉语和英语语序的关系：

主干成分：汉英语序基本一致；修饰成分：汉语前修，英语短前长后；结论：我们在造句时，应该

1、先抓主干造句，再添加修饰成分；

2、用“句型”造句；翻译句子的难点：修饰成分的位置；句型或固定搭配；

6种主干句型；

主谓：I come. 主谓宾：I love you. 主谓宾宾I give you my heart.

主谓宾补：You make me your friend. 主系表：You were my everything.

There be 句型：There is a girl dancing in my heart.

四种修饰成分；

四朵金花：修饰词：adj. adv.；介词短语：从介词开始到名词结束，表达一个独立的、完整的含义的结构；从句：非谓语动词：

【练习】请用括号画出2010年高考英语试卷阅读理解部分中的全部的修饰成分，然后看看将修饰成分后，剩下的主干语序和汉语是否“基本一致”；尝试翻译每个句子，体会“后修变前修”的语序规则！

句子拓展方法；利用句中名词进行拓展；利用句中动词进行拓展；

首先练习以下基本句子的翻译：

你应该理解你的母亲。You should understand your mother.

我们应该学好英语。We should learn English well.

我爱吃鱼。I love eating fish.

今天是个好天气。Today is a great day. / It is a great day today.

如何在这些基本句子基础上进行语法拓展？

利用“帽子家族”（黄金圣衣句型）和“尾巴家族”（原因结果目的程度）进行拓展；

词汇升级；

40个常见升级词汇：

1、like → love\ enjoy\ prefer...；be fond of + 物；be crazy about + 人/物；appreciate I appreciate your sense of humour.

2、want to do sth →倾向于做某事tend/intend to do sth ；渴望做某事be longing for doing sth.

渴望做某事be thirsty for doing sth；期待做某事；look forward to doing sth；迫不及待做某事can't wait to do sth渴望做某事；desire to do / have the desire to do sth /for sth

3、Should do → be supposed to do；ought to ；had better do ；Why not do sth？

4、think about sth/consider sth→ take into account +sth；take into consideration +sth

【例】take into consideration /account other people's opinion. 考虑别人的意见

5、not → by no means eg:By no means shall we give up trying.我们决不能停止努力。【不完全倒装】

eg:This is by no means a good way to solve the problem. 这绝不是解决问题的最好方法。

6、although → admitting that...

7、because + 句子→ considering that...考虑到,for...(一般用在句中，比because的表达方式更为简洁)

8、because of +n → due to +n ；thanks to +n；owning to+n

9、so → ... ,therefore, ...；... ,as a result, ..；... ,accordingly, ... ；... ,consequently,...

10、1)more and more+n. → students in growing numbers

2)more and more +adj→ increasingly important

11、think → guess；harbor the idea that...；take the attitude that...；hold the view that...

It is widely shared that... ；It is universally acknowledged that...

12、believe →sb insist on sth 坚持（某种观点）；sb insist that... 坚持做某事；be sure that

13、can do sth →will do sth；be able to do sth ；be capable to do sth

can't do sth →fail to do sth；are not able to do sth

15、not → by no means / at no time

eg:By no means shall we give up trying.我们决不能停止努力。【不完全倒装】

eg:This is by no means a good way to solve the problem. 这绝不是解决问题的最好方法。

16、adj.=of+n. Important → of great importance ；Different → of great difference

Beautiful → of amazing beauty ；wise → of outstanding wisdom；useful → of great use

【例句】My mom is a woman of beauty.

我的母亲是一位用美丽来诠释的女人。

17、we →We high school students ；We teenagers；We Chinese ；We Chinese young generation

18、20 students ；as many as 20 students 【强调数量多】

19、用as比喻：

（使文章具有修辞意识）

Blue → as blue as the sea Red → as red as blood

【例句】The sky was once as blue as the sea ,but now they are both dark and dirty .

20、Happy →joyful / delighted

21、use →make good use of

22、learn →pick up (偶然学到) master（掌握）

23、do → make good use of your time and effort to do；never fails to do

have every reason to do can't help doing 忍不住做某事

24、cry → burst into tears；with tears in her/his/my/our eyes

25、laugh → burst into laughter

26、really →undoubtedly / absolutely

27、very → extremely / surprisingly ；unusually

28、Enough → adequate

29、in fact → as a matter of the fa ct；actually

30、may be → probably；may as well 也可以

31、good →desirable / satisfactory；beneficial / useful；excellent / terrific ；wonderful /outstanding very good / great

32、bad → terrible；undesirable；unsatisfactory

33、many → a lot of；a number of+可数名词；plenty of+可数/不可数名词；a multitude of+可数名词many+可数名词+,if not most,+...

34、all + 名词复数（如students）→every single student 【强调“每一个”，注意名词要用单数】

such as →including 【用来列举图画中的细节】

36、will do →will be doing sth + 未来时间点【将来时变成将来进行时】

38、have done → have been doing 【现在完成时变成现在完成进行时】