初中there be句型专项讲解与练习
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初中there be 句型专项讲解与练习
一:there be 句型基本认识
1、定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
2、结构:(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.
(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.
注意事项:there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如:
①There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
②There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
③There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。
二:there be 句型的常考点
1:变成否定
There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n.= no+ n.。例如:There are some pictures on the wall.
→There aren't any pictures on the wall. = There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree.
→ There isn't a bike behind the tre e. = There is no bike behind the tree.
2:变成一般疑问句
There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。
There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?
3:特殊疑问句
对主语提问:当主语是人的时候,则用who 引导,当主语是物的时候,则用what 引导。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:
There are many things over there. →What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room?
对地点状语提问:则用where 引导。如:
There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?
对数量提问:般有两种句型结构:
How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?
考点二:there be 句型的时态。
be可以有现在时(there is/are)、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be 或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been);还可用there must be, there can’t be, there used to be等。如:
---There ______ a concert this evening.
---Yeah. Exciting news!
A. are going to be
B. is going to be
C. is going to have
D. will have
考点三:there be 句型反意疑问句的构成:be (not) there? 如:
There is some milk in the bottle, ____ ?
A.isn't there B.aren't there C.isn't it D.are there
考点四:there be 句型的主谓一致:
There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。如:
1.There ___ any rice in the bowl.
A. are
B. is
C. isn’t
D. aren’t
2.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.
A. have been
B. were
C. are
D. is
考点五:there be 句型用的其他动词:
there be中有时不用动词be ,而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be等。
如:There ____ a knife and a fork on the table. (2007黄冈)
A. seems to be
B. seem to be
C. is seeming to be
D. are
剖析:根据就近原则,首先排除B、D,而there be 句型中有时不用动词be ,而用come , live, lie, seem to be等,所以答案应从A、C中选。感官动词一般不用进行时,故C也不正确。
(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下:There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”;have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”,它表示所有、拥有关系。如:
He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。
There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换。如:
A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。
There be 句型专项练习(1)
一、单项选择
1.There _____ a clock on the table.
A. is
B. are
2.______ there a radio on your desk?
A. are
B. is
3. ____ there a map on the wall? Yes, there ______.
A. are / is
B. is / are
C. is / is
D. are /are