英语专业《综合教程》一、二册笔记整理
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 第1册 Unit 6 Romance 课堂笔记
Before Reading >> Love SongDo you have a favorite love song? What is its name? Who is the singer? Can you sing it or hum the tune?Before Reading >> Saint Valentine’s DayI. St. Valentine’s StoryNew Words in the Storypriest牧师Claudius 克劳迪亚斯ceremony 典礼，仪式jailer看守监狱的人，狱卒Rome 罗马volunteer 自愿behead斩首，砍…的头St. Valentine’s StoryValentine was a priest living in Rome during the third century. At that time, Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. He wanted to have a big army and expected men to volunteer to join. However many men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families. This made Claudius very angry. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army. So Claudius banned marriage even engagement from his empire. But Valentine would keep on performing marriage ceremonies secretly. He was caught by the soldiers at a wedding, and was thrown into prison and beheaded.Valentine fell in love with the daughter of his jailer when he was in prison. Before he was taken to his death on February 14, 269 A.D., he signed a farewell message to her, “Love from your Valentine.” That note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine’s Da y.Questions and Answers1. When did Valentine live?(He was living during the third century.)2. What was Valentine?(He was a priest.)3. What did he do to help young lovers?(He kept performing marriage ceremonies secretly for the young lovers in s pite of Claudius’s ban.)4. When was he killed?(He was killed on February 14, 269 A.D..)5. Is there any day like Saint Valentine’s Day in China?(The seventh day of the seventh lunar month is the Chinese Lovers’ Day. The most popular story mentioned in connection with this festiv al is that of “the Cowherd and the Weaving Girl”.)II. Valentine Traditions- In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. “Wear your heart o n your sleeve” now means that it is easy for other people to know how you are feeling.- If you cut an apple in half and count how many seeds are inside, you will also know how many children you will have.- In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant “You unlock my heart!”III. Birds and LoveEuropeans also believe that Feb. 14th is the day when birds begin to choose their mates. Chaucer, Shakespeare, and numerous other poets mention the tradition in their works. In accordance with the tradition, it is believed that a young girl will be able to tell what type of man she will marry based upon the first bird tha t she sees on Valentine’s Da y.- If a young girl sees a blackbird, she will marry a clergyman or priest.- If a young girl sees a robin redbreast, she will marry a sailor or nautical man.- If a young girl sees a goldfinch (or any yellow bird), she will marry a rich man.- If a young girl sees a sparrow, she will marry a farmer or country gentleman.- If a young girl sees a bluebird, she will marry a happy man.- If a young girl sees a crossbill, she will marry an argumentative man.- If a young girl sees a dove, she will marry a good man.- If a young girl sees a woodpecker, she will have no husband.Before Reading >> Public Libraries in the U.S.Public libraries in the U.S. are free to the public. One can get a library card at a local library by filling in a form and showing the librarian a valid ID and something to prove one lives in the neighborhood (e.g., a used and stamped envelope with one’s name as the addressee (收信人), one’s phone bill, gas bill, etc.). Besides borrowing books, people go to libraries to borro w videotapes, use the computers there, and attend book readings by authors and other cultural events. Libraries are regarded as community centers.Before Reading >> Group DiscussionDo you think that cyber love is believable and reliable? Why or why not?Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1 Questions and AnswersRead Part 1 carefully and answer the following questions.1. What do you think is the reason that John Blanchard came to the Grand Central Station?(To meet somebody not seen before.)2. Who do you think he was waiting for?(His lover or girlfriend.)3. Why did he straighten his uniform?(To make himself more attractive.)II. For Part 2 Sentence CompletionRead Part 2 carefully and supply the missing information.1. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind.2. With time and effort he located her address.3. I’d always be haunted by the f eeling that you had been taking a chance on just my beauty, which would disgust me.4. She was a girl he had never seen, yet whose written words had been with him and sustained him unfailingly.III. For Part 3 Multiple ChoiceRead Part 3 carefully and choose the best answer for each question.1. Who was coming toward Blanchard? _______. (B)A. A middle-aged womanB. A young beautiful ladyC. A worn-out soldierD. A lively and naive pupil2. The young lady was dressed in ________. (D)A. the red suitB. the yellow suitC. the blue suitD. the green suit3. How old was the “supposed” Hollis Maynell? ________. (C)A. Over 20B. Over 30C. Over 40D. Over 504. While he spoke Blanchard felt choked by the bitterness of his __________. (A)A. disappointmentB. happinessC. excitementD. enjoyment5. Why did Miss Maynell ask the middle-aged woman to act as her? __________. (D)A. It was a jokeB. It was a sense of humorC. It was April Fool’s DayD. It was some kind of testIV. For Part 4 Questions and AnswersRead Part 4 carefully and answer the following questions.1. What did Miss Maynell want to find out through the test?(The true nature of a heart.)2. How do you understand Houssaye’s remark “tell me whom you love, and I will tell you who you are”?(I can judge you by the person you love. And the saying is equal to a Chinese proverb: 物以类聚，人以群分。
综合教程1 Unit 2 Friendship 小楠笔记
All the cabbie Had Was a Letter1He must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield to get his attention.2“Is your cab available?” I asked when he finally looked up at me. He nodded, then said apologetically as I settled into the back seat, “I’m sorry, but I was reading a letter.” He sounded as if he had a cold or something.3“I’m in no hurry,” I told him. “Go ahead and finish your letter.”4He shook his head. “I’ve read it several times already. I guess I almost know it by heart.”5“Letters from home always mean a lot,” I said. “At least they do with me because I’m on the road so much.”Then, estimating that he was 60 or 70 years old, I guessed:”From a child or maybe a grandchild?”6“This isn’t a family,” he replied. “Although,” he went on, “come to think of it, it might just as well have been family. Old Ed was my oldest friend. In fact, we used to call each other ‘Old Friend’—when we’d meet, that is. I’m not much of a hand at writing.”7“I don’t think any of us keep up our correspondence too well,” I said. “I know I don’t. But I take it he’s someone you’ve known quite a while?”8“All my life, practically. We were kids together, so we go way back.”9“Went to school together?”10“All the way through high school. We were in the same class, in fact, through both grade and high school.”11“There are not too many people who’ve had such a long friendship,” I said.12“Actually,” the driver went on, “I hadn’t seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years because I moved away from the old neighborhood and you kind of lose touch even though you never forget. He was a great guy.”13“You said ‘was’. Dose that mean--?”14He nodded. “Died a couple of weeks ago.”15“I’m sorry,” I said. “It’s no fun to lose any friend—and losing a real old one is even tougher.”16He didn’t reply to that, and we rode on in silence for a few minutes. But I realized that Old Ed was still on his mind when he spoke again, almost to himself than to me: “I should have kept in touch.”17“Well,” I agreed, “We should all keep in touch with old friends more than we do. But things come up and we just don’t seem to find the time.”18He shrugged. “We used to find the time,” he said. “That’s even mentioned in the letter.” He handed it over to me. “Take a look.”19“Thanks,” I said, “but I don’t want to read your mail. That’s pretty personal.”20The driver shrugged. “Old Ed’s dead. There’s nothing personal now. Go ahead,” he urged me. 21The letter was written in pencil. It began with the greeting “Old Friend,”and the first sentence remained me of myself. I’ve been meaning to write for some time, but I’ve always postponed it. It then went on to say that he often thought about the good times they had had together when they both live in the same neighborhood. It had references to things that probably meant to something to the driver, such as the time Tim Shea broke the window, the Halloween that we tied Old Mr. Parker’s gate, and when Mrs. Culver used to keep us after school.22“You must have spent a lot of time together,” I said to him.23“Like it says there,” he answered, “about all we have to spend in those days was time.” He shook his head: “Time.”24I thought the next paragraph of the letter was a little sad: I began the letter with “Old Friend”because that we’ve become over the years—old friends. And there aren’t many of us left.25“You know,”I said to him, “when it says here that there aren’t many of us left, that’s absolutely right. Every time I go to a class reunion, for example, there are fewer and fewer still around.”26“Time goes by,” the driver said.27“Did you two work at the same place?” I asked him.28“No, but we hung out on the same corner when we were single. And then, when we were married, we used to go to each other’s house every now and then. But for the last 20 or 30 years it’s been mostly just Christmas cards. Of course there’d be always be a note we’d each add to the cards—usually some news about our families, you know, what the kid was doing, who moved where, a new grandchild, things like that—but never a real letter or anything like that.”29“This is a good part here,” I said. “Where it says your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because I’m not good at saying things like that.”I found myself nodding in agreement. “That must have made you feel good, didn’t it?”30The driver said something that I couldn’t understand because he seemed to be all choked up, so I continued: “I known I’d like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend.”31We were getting close to our destination so I skipped to the last paragraph. So I thought you’d like to know that I was thinking of you. And it was signed, Your Old Friend, Tom.32I handed back the letter as we stopped at my hotel. “Enjoyed talking with you,” I said as I took my suitcase out of the cab. Tom? The letter was signed Tom?33“I thought your friend’s name was Ed，” I said. “Why did he sign it Tom?”34“The letter was not from Ed to me,”he explained. “I’m Tom. It’s a letter I wrote to him before I knew he’d died. So I never mailed it.”35He looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance. “I guessI should have writer it sooner.”36 When I got to my hotel room I didn’t unpack right away. First I had write a letter—and mail it.。
全新大学英语综一册备课笔记
全新版大学英语综合教程第一册Unit 1 Growing UpPart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Do you know who John Lennon was?2. Have you ever heard the song before?3. What does Lennon think of growing up? Is it easy or full of adventures?4. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?The following words in the recording may be new to you:monster n. 怪物 prayer n. 祈祷Part IIText AWhen we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer. WRITING FOR MYSELFRussell BakerThe idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I'd been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult.I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim. He wore primly severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique.I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay. Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering us a choice of topics. None was quite so simple-minded as "What I Did on My Summer Vacation," but most seemed to be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic on which my eye stopped was "The Art of Eating Spaghetti."This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table — Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal — and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little known foreign dish in those days. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti,and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. All the good humor of Uncle Allen's house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.Suddenly I wanted to write about that, about the warmth and good feeling of it, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a moment I wanted to recapture and hold for myself. I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening. To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition I'd learned in school, and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade. Never mind. I would write something else for Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper, respectable essay for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to turn in my tale of the Belleville supper. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the graded papers, and he returned everyone's but mine. I was preparing myself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline when I saw him lift my paper from his desk and knock for the class's attention."Now, boys," he said. "I want to read you an essay. This is titled, 'The Art of Eating Spaghetti.'" And he started to read. My words! He was reading my words out loud to the entire class. What's more, the entire class was listening. Listening attentively. Then somebody laughed, then the entire class was laughing, and not in contempt and ridicule, but with open-hearted enjoyment. Even Mr. Fleagle stopped two or three times to hold back a small prim smile.I did my best to avoid showing pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure delight at this demonstration that my words had the power to make people laugh. In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, I had discovered a calling. It was the happiest moment of my entire school career. When Mr. Fleagle finished he put the final seal on my happiness by saying, "Now that, boys, is an essay, don't you see. It's — don't you see — it's of the very essence of the essay, don't you see. Congratulations, Mr. Baker."(797 words)New Words and Expressionsoff and onfrom time to time; sometimes 断断续续地；有时possibility n. 可能（性）take hold become established 生根，确立bore vt. make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厌烦associate vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使联系起来；使联想assignmentn. a piece of work that is given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业turn out produce 编写；生产，制造agony: n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）极度痛苦assign: vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派anticipate: vt. expect 预期，期望tedious: a. boring and lasting for a long time 乏味的；冗长的reputation: n. 名声；名誉inability: n. lack of power, skill or ability 无能，无力inspire: vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激励，鼓舞formal: a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的rigid a. (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不变的；严格的hopelessly ad. very much; without hope 十分，极度；绝望地excessively ad. 过分地out of date old-fashioned 过时的prima. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整洁的 primly ad.severe: a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, etc. 朴素的；严重的，剧烈的necktie n. tie 领带jaw n. 颌，颚comic▲ a. 滑稽的；喜剧的 n. 连环漫画（册）antique n. 古物，古玩tackle vt. try to deal with 处理，应付essay n. 散文，小品文；论说文distribute vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分发，分配，分送finally ad. at last 最终，终于face up to: be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或对付scan v. look through quickly 浏览，粗略地看spaghetti n. 意大利式细面条title n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 标题，题目 vt. give a name to 给…加标题，加题目于extraordinary a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的；奇特的sequence n. 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序image n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（图）像adult n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年动物humor n. 心情；幽默，诙谐recall vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回忆起argument n. 论据，论点；争论respectable a. (of behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable 可敬的；体面的；文雅的put down write down 写下recapture vt. (lit) bring back into the mind; experience again 再现；再次经历relive vt. experience again, esp. in one's imagination 再体验，重温violate vt. act against 违背，违反compose vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 创作turn in hand in (work that one has done) 交（作业）command n.,v.命令，指令discipline n. punishment; order kept (among school-children, soldiers, etc.) 惩罚，处分；纪律what's more in addition, more importantly 而且，此外；更有甚者contempt▲ n. 轻视，轻蔑ridicule n. making or being made fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄；被戏弄open-hearted a. sincere, frank 诚挚的hold back prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, etc.) 控制（感情、眼泪等）avoid vt. keep or get away from 避免demonstration n. act of showing or proving sth. 表明；证明career n. 生涯，事业；职业seal n. 印，图章essence▲ n. the most important quality of a thing 本质；精髓congratulation n. (usu. pl) expression of joy for sb.'s success, luck, etc. 祝贺，恭喜Legally Blonde- A legal education means you will learn to speak in a new language. You will be taught to achieve insight into the world around you and to sharply question what you know. The seat you have picked will be yours for the next nine months of your life. And those of you in the front row beware. "The law is reason free from passion". Does anyone know who spoke thise immortal words? Yes? - Aristotle.- Are you sure?- Yes.- Would you be willing to stake your life on it?- I think so.- What about his life?- I don't know.- Well, I recommend knowing before speaking. The law leaves much room for interpretation but very little for self-doubt. And you were right. It was Aristotle.- Good job.- Now, I assume all of you have read pages 1-48 and are now well-versed in subject matter jurisdiction. Who can tell use about Gordon vs. Steele? Let's call on someone from the hot zone. Elle Woods?- Actually, I wasn't aware that we had an assignment.- Vivian Kensington. Do you think it's acceptable that Ms. Woods is not prepared?- No, I don't.- Would you support my decision to ask her to leave class and to return only when she is prepared? - Absolutely.- Now, Ms. Kensington, did diversity jurisdiction exist in this case?- No, it did not.- Good. How about in the case of Owens vs. McCullogh?- I can't believe that girl. So stupid. Who does she think she is?- Excuse me. Are you OK?- Do they put you on the spot like that all the time?- The professors? They tend to do that. Socratic method.- If you don't know the answers, they just kick you out?- You have Stromwell, huh?- Yes! Did she do that to you, too?- No. But she did make me cry once. Not in class. I waited till I got back to my room but she'llkick you right in the ball. Or wherever, you know. She's tough. She's really tough.- Great.- Don't worry, it gets better. Who else do you have?- I have Callahan, Royalton and Levinthal.- Let's see, speak up in Callahan's class. He really likes people that are opinionated. And in Royalton's class try to get a seat in the back. He spits when he talks about products liability. And for Levinthal, make sure you read the footnotes. That's where he gets a lot of his exam questions. - Right. Wow. I'm really glad I met you.Unit2 FriendshipPart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Have you ever heard of Dionne Warwick? Have you happened to hear her sing?2. What does a fair weather friend mean?3. What does Dionne Warwick think friends are for?4. Does the song give you any idea of what the stories in this unit will be about?Part IIText AHow do you feel when old friends are far away? Do you make an effort to keep in touch? Sometimes it is easy to put off writing a letter, thinking that there will be plenty of time tomorrow. But then sometimes, as this story shows, we leave it too late. Perhaps reading it will make you want to reach for your pen.ALL THE CABBIE HAD WAS A LETTERFoster FurcoloHe must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield to get his attention."Is your cab available?" I asked when he finally looked up at me. He nodded, then said apologetically as I settled into the back seat, "I'm sorry, but I was reading a letter." He sounded as if he had a cold or something."I'm in no hurry," I told him. "Go ahead and finish your letter."He shook his head. "I've read it several times already. I guess I almost know it by heart." "Letters from home always mean a lot," I said. "At least they do with me because I'm on the road so much." Then, estimating that he was 60 or 70 years old, I guessed: "From a child or maybe a grandchild?""This isn't family," he replied. "Although," he went on, "come to think of it", it might just as well have been family. Old Ed was my oldest friend. In fact, we used to call each other 'Old Friend' — when we'd meet, that is. I'm not much of a hand at writing.""I don't think any of us keep up our correspondence too well," I said. "I know I don't. But I take it he's someone you've known quite a while?""All my life, practically. We were kids together, so we go way back.""Went to school together?""All the way through high school. We were in the same class, in fact, through both grade and highschool.""There are not too many people who've had such a long friendship," I said."Actually," the driver went on, "I hadn't seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years because I moved away from the old neighborhood and you kind of lose touch even though you never forget. He was a great guy.""You said 'was'. Does that mean —?"He nodded. "Died a couple of weeks ago.""I'm sorry," I said. "It's no fun to lose any friend —and losing a real old one is even tougher." He didn't reply to that, and we rode on in silence for a few minutes. But I realized that Old Ed was still on his mind when he spoke again, almost more to himself than to me: "I should have kept in touch. Yes," he repeated, "I should have kept in touch.""Well," I agreed, "we should all keep in touch with old friends more than we do. But things come up and we just don't seem to find the time."He shrugged. "We used to find the time," he said. "That's even mentioned in the letter." He handed it over to me. "Take a look.""Thanks," I said, "but I don't want to read your mail. That's pretty personal."The driver shrugged. "Old Ed's dead. There's nothing personal now. Go ahead," he urged me. The letter was written in pencil. It began with the greeting "Old Friend," and the first sentence reminded me of myself. I've been meaning to write for some time, but I've always postponed it. It then went on to say that he often thought about the good times they had had together when they both lived in the same neighborhood. It had references to things that probably meant something to the driver, such as the time Tim Shea broke the window, the Halloween that we tied Old Mr. Parker's gate, and when Mrs. Culver used to keep us after school."You must have spent a lot of time together," I said to him."Like it says there," he answered, "about all we had to spend in those days was time." He shook his head: "Time."I thought the next paragraph of the letter was a little sad: I began the letter with "Old Friend" because that's what we've become over the years —old friends. And there aren't many of us left. "You know," I said to him, "when it says here that there aren't many of us left, that's absolutely right. Every time I go to a class reunion, for example, there are fewer and fewer still around." "Time goes by," the driver said."Did you two work at the same place?" I asked him."No, but we hung out on the same corner when we were single. And then, when we were married, we used to go to each other's house every now and then. But for the last 20 or 30 years it's been mostly just Christmas cards. Of course there'd be always a note we'd each add to the cards —usually some news about our families, you know, what the kids were doing, who moved where, a new grandchild, things like that — but never a real letter or anything like that.""This is a good part here," I said. "Where it says Your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because I'm not good at saying things like that. " I found myself nodding in agreement. "That must have made you feel good, didn't it?"The driver said something that I couldn't understand because he seemed to be all choked up, so I continued: "I know I'd like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend."We were getting close to our destination so I skipped to the last paragraph. So I thought you'd like to know that I was thinking of you. And it was signed，Your Old Friend, Tom.I handed back the letter as we stopped at my hotel. "Enjoyed talking with you," I said as I took my suitcase out of the cab. Tom? The letter was signed Tom?"I thought your friend's name was Ed," I said. "Why did he sign it Tom?""The letter was not from Ed to me," he explained. "I'm Tom. It's a letter I wrote to him before I knew he'd died. So I never mailed it."He looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance. "I guess I should have written it sooner."When I got to my hotel room I didn't unpack right away. First I had to write a letter — and mail it.(1093 words)New Words and Expressionscabbie n. (infml) a taxi driverbe lost in/lose oneself in : be absorbed in, be fully occupied with 专心致志于windshield :n. (AmE) the glass window in the front of a car, truck, etc. （汽车的）挡风玻璃cab n. a taxi 出租车available a. able to be used, had or reached 可用的；可得到的apologeticallyad. showing or saying that one is sorry for some fault or wrong 道歉地，带着歉意地or something(infml)(used when you are not very sure about what you have just said) 诸如此类的事go ahead continue; beginknow/learn by heart :memorize, remember exactly 记住，能背出estimate vt. form a judgement about 估计might/may(just) as well 不妨，（也）无妨not much of a : not a good 不太好的keep up :continue without stopping 保持correspondence n. the act of writing, receiving or sending letters; letters 通信（联系）；信件practically :ad. almostkid :n. (infml) a childall the way 自始至终，一直neighborhood n. 街坊；四邻kind/sort of: (infml) a little bit, in some way or degree 有几分，有点儿lose touch 失去联系a couple of 几个；一对，一双guy n. 家伙；伙计tough a. (infml) unfortunate; difficult; strong 不幸的；困难的；坚固的；坚强的on one's mind 挂记在心头keep in touch (with) （及…）保持联系，保持接触come up :happen, occur, esp. unexpectedly （尤指意想不到地）发生，出现shrug v. lift (the shoulders) slightly 耸（肩）urge v. try very hard to persuade 力劝，催促postpone vt. delay 推迟，使延期reference n. 提及，谈到；参考，查阅absolutely ad. completely 完全地，极其 absolute a.reunion▲ n. （家人、朋友、同事等久别后的）重聚go by :(of time) pass （时间）逝去hang out (infml) stay in or near a place, not doing very much 闲荡；徘徊every now and then :sometimes, at timesmostly ad. almost all; generally 几乎全部；多半，大体awful a. (infml) (used to add force) very great; very bad or unpleasant 非常的，极大的；可怕的，糟糕的choke v. （使）窒息，堵塞choke up: become too upset to speak （因激动等）哽得说不出话；堵塞destination n. 目的地skip▲ v. 略过，跳过；跳跃sorrowful a. showing or causing sadness 伤心的，悲伤的 sorrow n.in the distance :far awayunpack v. take out (things) from (a suitcase, etc.) 打开right away :at once全新版大学英语综合教程第一册 Unit3Unit 3 Understanding SciencePart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Who is it about?2. What questions interest him?3. What makes his achievements so remarkable?The following words in the recording may be new to you:universe n. 宇宙muscle n. 肌肉engage v. 及…订婚Part IIText AProfessor Hawking thinks it important to keep everybody in touch with what science is about. In this article he explains why.PUBLIC ATTITUDES TOWARD SCIENCEWhether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a great deal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more in the next hundred. Some people would like to stop these changes and go back to what they see as a purer and simpler age. But as history shows, the past was not that wonderful. It was not so bad for a privileged minority, though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth was highly risky for women. But for the vast majority of the population, life was nasty, brutish, and short.Anyway, even if one wanted to, one couldn't put the clock back to an earlier age. Knowledge andtechniques can't just be forgotten. Nor can one prevent further advances in the future. Even if all government money for research were cut off (and the present government is doing its best), the force of competition would still bring about advances in technology. Moreover, one cannot stop inquiring minds from thinking about basic science, whether or not they are paid for it. The only way to prevent further developments would be a global state that suppressed anything new, and human initiative and inventiveness are such that even this wouldn't succeed. All it would do is slow down the rate of change.If we accept that we cannot prevent science and technology from changing our world, we can at least try to ensure that the changes they make are in the right directions. In a democratic society, this means that the public needs to have a basic understanding of science, so that it can make informed decisions and not leave them in the hands of experts. At the moment, the public is in two minds about science. It has come to expect the steady increase in the standard of living that new developments in science and technology have brought to continue, but it also distrusts science because it doesn't understand it. This distrust is evident in the cartoon figure of the mad scientist working in his laboratory to produce a Frankenstein. It is also an important element behind support for the Green parties. But the public also has a great interest in science, particularly astronomy, as is shown by the large audiences for television series such as The Skyat Night and for science fiction.What can be done to harness this interest and give the public the scientific background it needsto make informed decisions on subjects like acid rain, the greenhouse effect, nuclear weapons, and genetic engineering? Clearly, the basis must lie in what is taught in schools. But in schools science is often presented in a dry and uninteresting manner. Children learn it by rote to pass examinations, and they don't see its relevance to the world around them. Moreover, science is often taught in terms of equations. Although equations are a brief and accurate way of describing mathematical ideas, they frighten most people. When I wrote a popular book recently, I was advised that each equation I included would halve the sales. I included one equation, Einstein's famous equation, E=mc2. Maybe I would have sold twice as many copies without it.Scientists and engineers tend to express their ideas in the form of equations because they needto know the precise values of quantities. But for the rest of us, a qualitative grasp of scientific concepts is sufficient, and this can be conveyed by words and diagrams, without the use of equations. The science people learn in school can provide the basic framework. But the rate of scientific progress is now so rapid that there are always new developments that have occurred since one wasat school or university. I never learned about molecular biology or transistors at school, but genetic engineering and computers are two of the developments most likely to change the way we live in the future. Popular books and magazine articles about science can help to put across new developments, but even the most successful popular book is read by only a small proportion of the population. Only television can reach a truly mass audience. There are some very good science programmes on TV, but others present scientific wonders simply as magic, without explaining them or showing how they fit into the framework of scientific ideas. Producers of television science programmes should realize that they have a responsibility to educate the public, not just entertain it.The world today is filled with dangers, hence the sick joke that the reason we have not been contacted by an alien civilization is that civilizations tend to destroy themselves when theyreach our stage. But I have sufficient faith in the good sense of the public to believe that we might prove this wrong.(812 words)New Words and Expressionsattitude n. 看法；态度likely a. probable 可能的 ad. probably 可能privileged a. having a special advantage 有特权的privilege n. 特权minority n. 少数do without 没有…而设法对付过去highly ad. very 很，非常risky a. full of danger; full of the possibility of failure, loss, etc. 危险的；有风险的nasty a. very unpleasant 令人难受的brutish a. 野兽般的，野蛮的anyway ad. (used to change the subject of a conversation or to support an idea or argument) anyhow 不管怎么说put/turn the clock back 倒退，开倒车cut off :stop providing (sth.); remove (sth.) by cutting 切断，中断；切下，剪下competition n. 竞争；比赛bring about :make (sth.) happen 引起，导致technology n. 技术moreover ad. 而且，再者inquiring a. showing an interest in knowing about things 好问的，爱探索的inquire v. 询问global a. worldwide, of the whole earth 世界的，全球的suppress▲ vt. keep from appearing 抑制；压制initiative n. 首创精神；主动inventiveness n. 发明才能，创造力slow down :make slower 减慢rate n. 速度；比率ensure vt. make sure 保证，确保democratic a. 民主的informed a. 有知识的，了解情况的；明智的inform vt. 告诉，通知expert n. 专家at the moment :now 此刻，目前in two minds 犹豫不决；三心二意steady a. constant; firm 平稳的；稳定的evident a. clear, obvious 明显的cartoon n. 漫画；动画片element n. 成分；元素astronomy▲ n. 天文学audience n. 观众；听众；读者series n. 连续；系列；系列节目fiction n. 小说；虚构harness vt. control and make use of 驾驭；利用background n. 背景acid a., n. 酸（性的）；酸味的（物质）greenhouse n. 温室nuclear a. 原子核的；核心的weapon n. 武器genetic▲ a. 基因的；遗传（学）的engineering n. 工程；工程学basis n. 基础lie in :exist or be found in 在于rote n. 死记硬背learn by rote 死记硬背地学习relevance n. 相关，关联in terms of 从…方面（或角度）来说；按照，根据equation n. 等式，方程（式）brief a. short; quick 简洁的；短暂的accurate a. exact 准确的，精确的mathematical a. 数学的halve vt. 将…减半tend vi. be likely to happen or have a particular characteristic or effect 倾向，趋向in the form of :having the shape of; existing in a particular form 呈…的形状；以…形式precise a. exact 精确的qualitative a. 定性的；性质上的grasp n. understanding 掌握，了解concept n. 概念sufficient a. as much as is needed, enough 充分的，足够的convey vt. make (ideas, feelings, etc.) known to another 传达；表达diagram n. 图表；图解framework n. 框架；结构molecular a. 分子的biology n. 生物学transistor n. 晶体管；晶体管收音机put across :cause to be understood 解释清楚，使被理解proportion n. 比例；部分truly ad. 真正地；确实地magic n. 魔术；魔力fit into :be part of a situation, system, etc.；be part of a group of people or things 适合；符合；属于responsibility n. 责任educate vt. teach or train 教育entertain vt. give pleasure to; have as a guest 给…以欢乐；招待hence ad. as a result, therefore; from this time 因此；从此contact vt. get in touch with 及…接触alien▲ a. foreign; strange 外国的；陌生的civilization n. 文明Proper NamesStephen Hawking 斯蒂芬·霍金Einstein 爱因斯坦（1879—1955,美籍德国理论物理学家）全新版大学英语综合教程第一册 Unit4Unit 4 American DreamPart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. According to Dr. Hertz, what did the American Dream mean to his grandparents?2. In Dr. Hertz's opinion, who wants people to believe in the American Dream? Why?3. Why does Dr. Hertz say the American Dream is in one's head and in one's pocket?4. What do you understand by the American Dream?The following words in the recording may be new to you:poverty n. 贫穷advertising n. 广告宣传Part IIText AThe American Dream means different things to different people. But for many, particularly immigrants, it means the opportunity to make a better life for themselves. For them the dream is that talent and hard work can take you from log cabin to White House. Tony Trivisonno did not rise quite so high, yet he managed to make his own dream come true.TONY TRIVISONNO'S AMERICAN DREAMFrederick C. CrawfordHe came from a rocky farm in Italy, somewhere south of Rome. How or when he got to America, I don't know. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage. He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin."I mow your lawn," he said. It was hard to comprehend his broken English.I asked him his name. "Tony Trivisonno," he replied. "I mow your lawn." I told Tony that I couldn't afford a gardener."I mow your lawn," he said again, then walked away. I went into my house unhappy. Yes, these Depression days were difficult, but how could I to turn away a person who had come to me for help? When I got home from work the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the garden weeded, and the walks swept. I asked my wife what had happened."A man got the lawn mower out of the garage and worked on the yard," she answered. "I assumed you had hired him."I told her of my experience the night before. We thought it strange that he had not asked for。
全新版大学英语综合教程Unit1、2重点词汇
《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 1 Test Aoff and on 断断续续地，有时take hold 生根，确立associate 使联系起来，使联想turn out 编写，制作agony (身心的)极度痛苦assign 分配，分派anticipate预期期望tedious乏味的，冗长的reputation 名声，名誉inspire激励，鼓舞formal 刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的rigid一成不变的，严格的out of date过时的severe朴素的，严重的，剧烈的tackle处理，应付distribute分发，分配，分送finally最终，终于face up to勇敢地接受或对付scan浏览，粗略地看extraordinary不同寻常的，奇特的sequence一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序image形象，印象，（图）像vivid生动的，逼真的recall回想起，回忆起respectable可敬的，体面的，文雅的put down写下compose创作turn in交（作业）command命令，指令what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid避免career生涯，事业，职业《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 1 Test Baward授予，给予maintain保持，维持look forward to盼望participate in参加compare to相比，比得上plus（常置于被修饰词后面）比...略好（或略高）一些的，加，加上here and there 各处resign顺从，听任，辞职make it办成，做到，赶上regarding关于，至于represent代表，象征expectation期待，预期significance意义，意思delicate脆弱的，柔软的drag拖着脚步走exception例外tremble颤抖，哆嗦yell叫喊innocent天真无邪的，清白的pat轻拍《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 4 Test Aturn away拒绝帮忙，不让...进入assume假设，以为work out制定出，解决，算出weekly每周的，一周一次的clean up打扫，清除do with对待，处理determination决心，决定personnel人事部门，全体人员，全体职员capacity能力，才能precision精密，精确（性）turn down拒绝skilled熟练的，有技巧的，技术性的for sale待售wreck残破物，（尤指失事船只，飞机等的）残骸call on拜访loan借，贷，贷款character（人的）品德，品质，性格discard抛弃confidence信心diet日常饮食send for派人去叫，召唤，派人去取hunt寻找，打猎，猎取property（房）地产，财产sometime某个时候sponsor为...做保证人，主办，发起，保证人，主办人，发起人pass away去世check on检查，调查，察看handle管理，处理，操纵principle信条，原则，原理above all最重要的是giant巨大的，巨人balance平衡，余额《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 4 Test Billegal不合法的，违法的immigrant（外来）移民，移民的，移入的put up with忍受，容忍in search of寻找supervise监督，指导temporary暂时的，临时的response回答，反应risk冒...的危险，（使）遭受危险，危险，风险acquire（靠自己的能力，努力等）取得，获得，学到make（both）ends meet勉强维持生计，使收支相抵environment环境，周围状况stand a chance of有...的希望，有...的可能prospect前景，预期，展望reserve保留，储备，预订rare稀有的，罕见的，不寻常的former以前的，早先的，旧时的quit停止，放弃deserve应受，应得，值得impress给...深刻的印象，使钦佩show up来到，露面《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 6 Test Amake one’s way走去grand宏伟的，壮丽的absorb完全吸收住...的注意，吸收margin页边空白reflect反映，显示thoughtful深思的，体贴的previous早先的，先前的locate找到...的位置，使坐落于correspond通信overseas去（在）国外（的），去（在）海外（的）fertile肥沃的，富饶的bud发芽，萌芽，（枝叶的）芽，花蕾take a chance (on sth)碰运气，冒险disgust使厌烦，使反感whichever无论哪个或哪些sustain支持，使（努力等）持续下去，保持slim苗条的，细小的，微小的go sb’s way与某人同路more than a little很，非常thrust挤入，插入，猛推split（使）裂开，破裂keen强烈的，热切的sensible通情达理的，理智的glow光亮，光辉hesitate踌躇，犹豫grip握紧，紧握identify识别grateful感激的be grateful to(sb)for(sth) 为某事感激某人broaden（使）变宽，（使）扩大wisdom智慧，明智in response to作为对...的回应《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 6 Test Bcome across偶然遇见，碰上make out辨认出hope for希望，期待clue线索identify身份other than除了exchange交换，互换match up to与...一样好，比得上lead线索for sure毫无疑问security治安保卫，安全，安全感goodness天哪relief轻松，宽慰be in love with (sb) 热恋着（某人）come to an end结束adjust校准，调准catch up on (sth) 事后了解关于...的情况，弥补（耽搁下来的工作等）knot（绳等的）结erect挺直的，直立的《大学英语综合教程》第二册Unit 1Test Aattach系，贴，链接not in the least 一点也不find one`s way 到达，进入，流入phenomenon 现象initial 开始的，最初的assist帮助insert插入，嵌入somewhat有点，稍微await等待等候occasion时刻场合on occasion 有时间或neglect忽视relevant有关的切题的investigate 调查探究throw light on（提供信息）帮助理解desirable值得向往的称心的accomplish完成某事in due course 到时候在适当的时候critical至关重要的危急的principal主要的首要的make up for 补偿；弥补creative独创的in retrospect回顾performance行为表现表演演出continual不断的；一再重复的apply适用申请work on/at从事priority优先考虑的事；重点bold勇敢的大胆的departure背离出发离开evolve（使）逐步发展summarize总结概述contrast差异对比promote促进推进emerge出现pick up获得学会enormous巨大的极大的exaggerate夸大夸张valid有根据的worthwhile值得的superior优良的较好的《大学英语综合教程》第二册Unit1Test Baccount账，账户描述记述furthermore此外而且intend打算swallow吞下吞没devise想出设计resource财力资源keep track of跟上。
大学综合教程2英语教材笔记
大学综合教程2英语教材笔记第一章：Introduction to English本章主要介绍英语的起源、历史以及其在世界范围内的使用情况。
英语作为一种全球通用语言，对于大学生而言具有重要的学习和应用价值。
- 英语的起源与演变：英语起源于古英语，经历了中古英语和现代英语的发展阶段。
从盎格鲁-撒克逊人到如今的英语国家，英语逐渐成为全球交流的重要工具。
- 英语的国际地位：英语作为联合国的官方语言之一，广泛应用于商务、科技、文化等领域，是国际交流和合作必备的语言之一。
- 英语的变体：英语有着不同的变体，如英式英语和美式英语，它们在发音、词汇以及语法方面存在差异。
第二章：Vocabulary Expansion本章旨在帮助学生扩展词汇量，提高英语表达的准确性和多样性。
通过积累更多的词汇，学生能够在听、说、读、写的各方面表达得更加自如。
- 词汇分类：词汇可以分为基础词汇和高级词汇，学生需要从基础词汇开始逐渐扩展到高级词汇，同时要注重词汇的用法和搭配。
- 词根与词缀：学习词根和词缀能够帮助学生理解和记忆单词，加深对单词之间关联的理解。
- 词汇学习方法：学生可通过词汇卡片、词汇表、词汇记忆软件等工具进行词汇学习，同时通过阅读、写作等方法进行实际应用。
第三章：Reading Skills本章旨在提高学生的阅读理解能力，培养学生对于英文文章的理解和分析能力，帮助学生更好地应对大学阅读任务。
- 预测和猜测：在阅读过程中，学生可以通过标题、关键词等信息对文章的内容进行预测和猜测，以便更有针对性地进行阅读。
- 上下文推断：通过上下文的语境来推断词义和句意，帮助学生理解难点单词和句子的含义。
- 阅读速度和技巧：适当掌握阅读速度，并运用扫读、略读等技巧，可以提高阅读效率和准确性。
第四章：Listening Skills本章着重培养学生的听力理解能力，通过大量的听力材料训练，提高学生的听力水平，并帮助学生更好地应对听力考试。
- 听力题型理解：学生需要熟悉和掌握常见的听力题型，如听力选择题、填空题、笔记整理等。
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程第1册Unit6Romance课堂笔记
全新版⼤学英语（第⼆版）综合教程第1册Unit6Romance 课堂笔记Before Reading >> Love SongDo you have a favorite love song? What is its name? Who is the singer? Can you sing it or hum the tune?Before Reading >> Saint Valentine’s DayI. St. Valentine’s StoryNew Words in the Storypriest牧师Claudius 克劳迪亚斯ceremony 典礼，仪式jailer看守监狱的⼈，狱卒Rome 罗马volunteer ⾃愿behead斩⾸，砍…的头St. Valentine’s StoryValentine was a priest living in Rome during the third century. At that time, Rome was ruled by an emperor named Claudius. He wanted to have a big army and expected men to volunteer to join. However many men just did not want to fight in wars. They did not want to leave their wives and families. This made Claudius very angry. He thought that if men were not married, they would not mind joining the army. So Claudius banned marriage even engagement from his empire. But Valentine would keep on performing marriage ceremonies secretly. He was caught by the soldiers at a wedding, and was thrown into prison and beheaded.Valentine fell in love with the daughter of his jailer when he was in prison. Before he was taken to his death on February 14, 269 A.D., he signed a farewell message to her, “Love from your Valentine.” That note started the custom of exchanging love messages on Valentine’s Da y.Questions and Answers1. When did Valentine live?(He was living during the third century.)2. What was Valentine?(He was a priest.)3. What did he do to help young lovers?(He kept performing marriage ceremonies secretly for the young lovers in s pite of Claudius’s ban.)4. When was he killed?(He was killed on February 14, 269 A.D..)5. Is there any day like Saint Valentine’s Day in China?(The seventh day of the seventh lunar month is the Chinese Lovers’ Day. The most popular story mentioned in connection with this festiv al is that of “the Cowherd and the Weaving Girl”.)II. Valentine Traditions- In the Middle Ages, young men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear these names on their sleeves for one week. “Wear your heart o n your sleeve” now means that it is easy for other people to know how you are feeling.- If you cut an apple in half and count how many seeds are inside, you will also know how many children you will have.- In Wales, wooden love spoons were carved and given as gifts on February 14th. Hearts, keys and keyholes were favorite decorations on the spoons. The decoration meant “You unlock my heart!”III. Birds and LoveEuropeans also believe that Feb. 14th is the day when birds begin to choose their mates. Chaucer, Shakespeare, and numerous other poets mention the tradition in their works. In accordance with the tradition, it is believed that a young girl will be able to tell what type of man she will marry based upon the first bird tha t she sees on Valentine’s Da y.- If a young girl sees a blackbird, she will marry a clergyman or priest.- If a young girl sees a robin redbreast, she will marry a sailor or nautical man.- If a young girl sees a goldfinch (or any yellow bird), she will marry a rich man.- If a young girl sees a sparrow, she will marry a farmer or country gentleman.- If a young girl sees a bluebird, she will marry a happy man.- If a young girl sees a crossbill, she will marry an argumentative man.- If a young girl sees a dove, she will marry a good man.- If a young girl sees a woodpecker, she will have no husband.Before Reading >> Public Libraries in the U.S.Public libraries in the U.S. are free to the public. One can get a library card at a local library by filling in a form and showing the librarian a valid ID and something to prove one lives in the neighborhood (e.g., a used and stamped envelope with one’s name as the addressee (收信⼈), one’s phone bill, gas bill, etc.). Besides borrowing books, people go to libraries to borro w videotapes, use the computers there, and attend book readings by authors and other cultural events. Libraries are regarded as community centers.Before Reading >> Group DiscussionDo you think that cyber love is believable and reliable? Why or why not?Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1 Questions and AnswersRead Part 1 carefully and answer the following questions.1. What do you think is the reason that John Blanchard came to the Grand Central Station?(To meet somebody not seen before.)2. Who do you think he was waiting for?(His lover or girlfriend.)3. Why did he straighten his uniform?(To make himself more attractive.)II. For Part 2 Sentence CompletionRead Part 2 carefully and supply the missing information.1. The soft handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and insightful mind.2. With time and effort he located her address.3. I’d always be haunted by the f eeling that you had been taking a chance on just my beauty, which would disgust me.4. She was a girl he had never seen, yet whose written words had been with him and sustained him unfailingly.III. For Part 3 Multiple ChoiceRead Part 3 carefully and choose the best answer for each question.1. Who was coming toward Blanchard? _______. (B)A. A middle-aged womanB. A young beautiful ladyC. A worn-out soldierD. A lively and naive pupil2. The young lady was dressed in ________. (D)A. the red suitB. the yellow suitC. the blue suitD. the green suit3. How old was the “supposed” Hollis Maynell? ________. (C)A. Over 20B. Over 30C. Over 40D. Over 504. While he spoke Blanchard felt choked by the bitterness of his __________. (A)A. disappointmentB. happinessC. excitementD. enjoyment5. Why did Miss Maynell ask the middle-aged woman to act as her? __________. (D)A. It was a jokeB. It was a sense of humorC. It was April Fool’s DayD. It was some kind of testIV. For Part 4 Questions and AnswersRead Part 4 carefully and answer the following questions.1. What did Miss Maynell want to find out through the test?(The true nature of a heart.)2. How do you understand Houssaye’s remark “tell me whom you love, and I will tell you who you are”?(I can judge you by the person you love. And the saying is equal to a Chinese proverb: 物以类聚，⼈以群分。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程2 Unit1~7 笔记
读写译（二）Unit 1 笔记1. in the late 1960s 20世纪60年代后期in the early 1960s ……早期in the mid-1960s = in the middle ofthe 1960s ……中期2. culture n. 文化cultural a. 文化的cultured a. 有文化的，有教养的3. debut [‘deibu:] a. 第一次的debut album 首张唱片4. be in tune with the time 适合时代潮流be out of tune with…与……格格不入in tune 和调—out of tune 跑调，走调change one’s tune 改变态度dance to one’s tune 亦步亦趋5. be an instant hit 轰动一时make a hit 获得成功6. seek-sought-sought7. code n. 密码，代码post code 邮编；规则；法典，法规8. live by 靠……生活live on 靠……生活；以…为食feed on；继续活下去go on living（on的本义）live with = put up with 忍受，容忍live through度过~ a hard time ；经受live out （比预期）多活了（几天）e.g. The patient lived out another 2 days .；住在外面live up to 实践，做到，不辜负~one’s expectation 不辜负某人的期望live high 过奢侈生活Live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
As I live,……表强调，的确indeed , really9. survey （n. 重音在前v. 重音在后）调查；眺望，俯视convey v. 传达，运送conveyance n.10. curriculum=course 课程11. the way to do = the way of doingthe method of doingthe approach to doing (best)12. educator n. 教育工作者educationist=educationalist教育工作者，教育家13. rather than ①而不是instead of = not②而不愿would …rather than …/ prefer to …rather than …other than ①除了except②不同于different frome.g. My idea is quite other than yours.14. kindergarten 幼儿园elementary school = primary school = grammar school = grade school 小学（4）middle school = high school = secondary school 中学（3）junior middle / high school 初中senior middle / high school 高中college / university / institute 大学15. not …but …不是…而是…not that …but that …= not because … but because …16. antenna n. 天线article n. 物品，物件parental a. 父母的注意读音17. attach v. fasten or joinattach sth to sthbe attached to 附属，喜爱e.g. I’m greatly attached to my work .attach importance to ……重视an attached middle school 附属中学attachment n.18. initial a. 首先的of / at the beginning ；首字母的n. 首字母v. 草签（协议）initiate v. 创始，发动createinitiative n. 主动性have the initiative 掌握主动take the initiative in / by doing 带头做(do sth) on one’s own initiative = actively 主动地19. on occasion 有时= now and then = occasionallyon the occasion of 在……之际e.g. on the occasion of (= at)sb’s wedding / partyon one occasion = once 一次on many occasions 很多次take the occasion to do借此机会（官腔）20. a wedding ring 结婚戒指an engagement ring 订婚戒指21. neglect n.v. 忽视neglect to doneglect one’s meals and sleep废寝忘食be neglectful ofCF: neglect, ignore, omitneglect （心上）对职责，义务的忽视neglect one’s duties 玩忽职守neglect traffic regulations 违反交规ignore （眼上）故意不理会，置之不理ignorance n. ignorant a.pay attention of = take notice of 注意omit 失误，疏忽，删除22. 以–mit 结尾的动词变为名词变化形式常类似 e.g. permit –permission admit –admission omit –omission 23. not in the least = not at all = not a bit一点也不not a little = very 许多24. relevant a. 有关的，相关relatedbe relevant to 反义irrelevant relevance(cy) n. have relevance to25. case 案件evidence u. proof c. 证据26. investigate vt. vi. investigate into investigator n. 调查员investigation n.on investigation 经过调查under investigation 在调查中make an investigation on / of / into做关于……的调查No investigation , no right to speak .没有调查就没有发言权。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 第1册 Unit 2 课堂笔记
Before Reading >> English Song –That’s What Friends Are ForI. Introductory RemarksJust what are friends for? To have fun with, of course, to share in the good times. Yet most people would say that a real friend is more than just a fair-weather friend. A fair-weather friend?A fair-weather friend is someone who's happy to stay with you when things are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives, while a good friend, a true friend, is one who'll stand by you when you find yourself in difficulties. Th at’s certainly what the song is about. As they tell each other … So let's listen to them as they sing the song.II. That’s What Friends Are ForListen to the song and fill in the blanks with what you hear.And I never thought I’d feel this wayAnd as far as I’m concernedI’m glad I got the chance to sayThat I do believe I love youAnd if I should ever go awayWell, then close your eyes and tryTo feel the way we do todayAnd then if you can rememberKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s what friends are forFor good times and bad timesI’ll be on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forWell, you came and opened meAnd now there’s so much more I seeAnd so by the way, I thank youAnd then for the times we’re apartWell, then close your eyes and knowThese words are coming from my heartAnd then if you can rememberKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s what friends are forIn good times and bad timesI’ll b e on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s what friends are forFor good times and bad timesI’ll be on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s w hat friends are forFor good times and for bad timesI’ll be on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forCount on me, for sureCount on me, for sureCount on me, for sureT hat’s what friends are forKeep smiling, keep shiningIII. Questions and Answers1. What is a fair-weather friend?(One who is happy to stay with you when things are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives.)2. Do you know anything about the singers?(Dionne Warwick, Elton John, Stevie Wonder and Gladys Knight.Dionne WarwickDionne Warwick was a pop and R&B (Rhythm and Blues, 节奏蓝调音乐) music star of the 1960s and 1970s. In the 1980s she worked jointly with Elton John, Gladys Knight and Stevie Wonder on the Grammy-winning single That’s What Friends Are For, a fundraiser for AIDS victims. Elton JohnElton John (1947~), an English rock composer, singer and pianist, is one of rock music’s durable (持久的) performers. He played the piano by ear from age four, and studied at the Royal Academy of Music at 11. The top pop star of the 1970s, his performance was featured by wild eyeglasses and outlandish (奇异的) costumes on the stage. Despite health problems in 1993 he continues to perform live across the world, mostly on the softer side these days.His latest success includes the best-selling sound track for The Lion King (1994), a Disney film. And the recording of Candle in the Wind 97, sung at the funeral of Princess Diana, became the largest-selling single in history within a month of its release (发行). He was knighted (授予爵士称号) in 1998.)3. According to the song, what are friends for?(For both good times and bad times.)4. How can friend and friendship be defined?(Friend Definition A:A friend is one to whom one may pour out all the contents of one’s heart, chaff (谷壳)and grain together, knowing that gentle hands will take and sift (筛，过滤) them, keep what is worth keeping, and with a breath of kindness, blow the rest away.— George Eliot (1819~1880), English novelist Friend Definition B:A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere. Before him, I may think aloud.— Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803~1882),American poet and philosopher Friend Definition C:A true friend is one who overlooks your failures and tolerates your successes.— Doug Larson (1902~1981),English middle-distance runner Friendship Definition A:True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it is lost.— Charles Caleb Colton (1780~1832),English author and clergyman Friendship Definition B:Friendship is a ship big enough to carry two in fair weather, but only one in foul (天气恶劣的).— Ambrose Bierce (1842~1914),American author and journalist,from The Devil’s Dictionary Friendship Definition C:Friendship is a treasure that always helps us overcome any kind of difficulty. Friendship is a comfort which always understands worries and emotions. Friendship is a blessing because it teaches the way to live.— Unknown) 5. Can you give some examples of great friendship?(Marx and EngelsMarx valued Engels’ friendship so highly that he once said he loved and admired his friend very much. Engels had been aiding Marx who suffered greatly from bitter poverty. Were it not for the help Marx obtained from Engels, Marx would hardly have been able to overcome poverty and he surely would not have left behind him a monument.Qu Qiubai and Lu XunQu Qiubai was one of CPC’s pri ncipal leaders in the early period. Under the persecution (迫害)of Wang Ming, one of the CPC’s early leaders, Qu was dismissed from his important posts in the CPC Central Committee. But he soon took an active part in the struggles launched by theleft-wing cultural front, together with Lu Xun, in Shanghai. During the two years of joint work , they became true friends.)Before Reading >> Background InformationHalloweenHalloween is celebrated annually. It is on the night of 31 October, when people once believed that ghosts could be seen. Now, in Britain and America, it is a time when children have parties, dress up as witches, make lanterns out of pumpkins from which the inside has been remo ved, and play “trick or treat”.“Trick or treat” is a traditional activity at Halloween. Children dress in costumes and visit houses. At each house they say “Trick or treat”. This means that they will play a “trick”, or joke, on the people in the house unless they are given a “treat”, e.g. sweets or money. Most people prefer to give treats rather than having tricks played on them.Before Reading >> Word WebThe stories in this unit are about friendship. Write down five words which you would use if you were writing a poem on this subject.(durable, long-standing, enduring, lifelong, genuine, help, generous, everlasting, intimate, close, warm, trust, perpetual)Before Reading >> Topic-related Prediction1. Text A is titled All the Cabbie Had Was a Letter. Before you read the story, think about the answers to the following questions.- What does a cabbie do?- What is a letter used for?- Who wrote the letter to the cabbie?- Why was all the cabbie had only a letter?2. Read the last sentence of Text A and try to guess what the story is about.When I got to my hotel room I didn’t unpack right away. First I had to write a letter — and mail it.3. Read Text A as quickly as possible, and find out if you are right. Can you summarize the story with three sentences?Key words: lost in thought; read a letter; an old friend; lifelong friendship; regret; author decidedBefore Reading >> Warm-up Questions1. Do you often write letters to your friends?2. Did you ever write a letter which was not sent? Why did you keep it?Global Reading >> ScanningScan Text A and decide which of the following statements is the theme.1. One should keep in touch with his friends.2. Never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend.3. A true friend will stand by you forever.4. Late is better than never.(Never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend.)Global Reading >> Group Discussion1. The following questions are what the narrator asked the cab driver. Put them in the right order.1) Did you go to school together?2) The letter must have made you feel good, didn’t it?3) Is your cab available?4) Is he someone you’ve known quite a while?5) Is he dead?6) I thought your friend was Ed. Why did he sign it Tom?7) Is the letter from a child or a grandchild?8) Did you two work at the same place?(3 — 7 — 4 — 1 — 5 — 8 — 2 — 6)2. What were the cabbie’s responses to these questions?3. The narrator thought that the cabbie had received a letter from a friend named Ed. Which round of question-and-answer in the text leads to the misunderstanding?(The second round: “Is the letter from a child or a grandchild?”“No. Ed was my oldest friend.”)Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1 True or False1. The driver caught a cold that day. (F)(He had just cried.)2. The driver had never seen Ed in the past 25 or 30 years. (F)(He had only seen him once or twice a year.)3. The driver had never forgotten his old friend. (T)4. The narrator was quite eager to read the letter.(F)(He thought it was very personal.)II. For Part 2 & 3 Question and Answers1. What did the driver and Ed use to do before they got married?(They went to school and passed time together.)2. What did the narrator mean by saying the first sentence in the letter reminded him of himself? (He often postponed writing to his friends.)3. Who wrote the letter? Who did the narrator think had written the letter? Find out sentences that demonstrate the narrator’s misunderstanding.(The driver wrote the letter. The narrator thought that Ed had written the letter. For example, “I know I’d like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend.”)4. What did the narrator decide to do when he arrived at the hotel? Why?(He decided to write a letter and mail it immediately bec ause he wouldn’t wait until it was too late.)Detailed ReadingI. Difficult Sentences1.He sounded as if he had a cold or something. (Para. 2)What can we infer from this sentence?(This sentence implies the sad state of mind the taxi driver was in.)2.At l east they do with me because I’m on the road so much. (Para. 5)Paraphrase the sentence.(At least letters from home mean a lot to me because I travel a lot for long distances.)3.It might just as well have been family. (Para. 6)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(也可以算是一家人。
大一英语综合教程1知识点
大一英语综合教程1知识点大一英语综合教程1是大学英语课程中的核心教材之一，通过学习这门课程，学生们可以掌握英语基础知识，提高听说读写能力。
本文将介绍大一英语综合教程1中的重要知识点，包括词汇、语法、听力和阅读等方面。
一、词汇知识点1. 同义词：在学习词汇时，我们需要注意一些常见的同义词。
例如，happy和glad都表示“快乐”的意思，但在使用时有一些细微区别。
('glad' usually suggests a temporary happiness about a particular event, whereas 'happy' suggests a general sense of well-being or contentment.)2. 前缀和后缀：掌握常用的前缀和后缀可以帮助我们更好地识别单词的词义。
例如，dis-表示否定，un-也表示否定，如dislike和unhappy。
二、语法知识点1. 时态：时态是英语语法中的重要概念，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
掌握各种时态的用法是进行有效语言交流的关键之一。
2. 从句：从句是一个句子中的一部分，可以作为名词、形容词或副词的一个补充。
了解从句的类型和使用方法有助于提高阅读和写作的能力。
三、听力知识点1. 听力技巧：在进行听力理解时，我们需要掌握一些有效的技巧。
例如，注意关键词、听清说话人的语调和语速以及根据上下文推断出正确答案等。
2. 笔记记法：在听力过程中，我们可以采用不同的记笔记方法来帮助我们更好地理解和记忆所听到的内容。
例如，可以使用简化的符号或图标来记录主要信息。
四、阅读知识点1. 阅读技巧：提高阅读能力的关键在于掌握一些有效的技巧，如快速浏览文章、注意关键词、遇到生词时运用上下文推测词义等。
2. 阅读理解题型：了解不同类型的阅读理解题型及其解题方法对于提高阅读能力和应试能力都是非常重要的。
综合英语1-4册课文核心词汇汇总
四级词汇汇总（全新版大学英语综合教程1-4册）Book 1 Unit 1agony 极度痛苦n. anticipate 预期，期望vt.assign 分配，分派vt. associate 使联系起来；使联想 vt. avoid 避免 vt. career 生涯，事业，职业n. command 命令n.,v. compose 创作vt.distribute 分发，分配vt. extraordinary 不同寻常的，奇特的a. finally 最终，终于ad. formal 刻板的，正式的，正规的a. image 形象，印象，（图）像n. inspire 激励，鼓舞vt.recall 回想起，回忆起vt. reputation 名声，名誉n. respectable 可敬的，体面的a. rigid 一成不变的，严格的a.scan 浏览，粗略地看v. sequence 一连串相关的事物，顺序n. severe 朴素的，严重的，剧烈的a. tackle 处理，应付vt.tedious 乏味的，冗长的a. violate 违背，违反vt.vivid 生动的，逼真的a. face up to 勇敢地接受或对付hold back 控制（眼泪或情绪等） off and on 断断续续地，有时out of date 过时地 put down 写下take hold 生根，确立 turn in 交（作业）turn out 编写，制造 what’s more 而且，此外，更有甚者Book 1 Unit 2absolutely 完全的 adv available 可用的 aawful 非常大的 a choke 窒息 vcorrespondence 信件 n destination 目的地 nestimate 估计 vt mostly vt 主要地neighborhood 邻居 n postpone 推迟 vtpractically 实际地 ad reference 提及 nreunion 重聚 n skip 略过 vtough 不幸的 a urge 力劝 va couple of 几个 all the way 一直be lost in/lose oneself 专心致志于 choke up 堵塞come up 出现 every now and then 时不时go ahead 继续做 go by 流失hang out 闲逛 keep in touch(with) 保持联系keep up 保持 kind of/sort of 一点know/learn by heart 记住 lose touch 失去联系might/may(just) as well 最好 not much of a 不经常on one’s mind 记挂在心头 or something 或者别的什么right away 马上Book 1 Unit3basis 基础 n. brief 简洁的；短暂的 a. competition 竞争；比赛 n. concept 概念 n.anyway 不管怎么说 ad. background 背景；底色 n. contact 与...接触 vt. convey 表达 vt.educate 教育 vt. ensure 保证，确保 vt. entertain 给…以欢乐；招待 ad. evident 明显的，明白的 adj. global 全球的，全球性的 adj. grasp 掌握，了解 n.; vt hence 因此，从此 ad. highly 很，非常 ad.initiative 主动 n. likely 可能的 a. 可能 ad. moreover 而且，再者 ad. precise 准确的 a.proportion 比例；部分 n. rate 速度，比率 n. responsibility 责任 n. steady 稳定的 a.sufficient 充分的 a. tend 倾向 vi.at the moment 此刻，目前 bring about 引起，导致cut off 切断，中断；切下 do without 没有…而设法对付过去fit into 适合；符合 in terms of 从…方面in the form of 以…形式 in two minds 犹豫不决；三心二意lie in 在于 put across 解释清楚put/turn the clock back 倒退，开倒车 slow down 减慢Book 1 Unit4assume vt. 假设；以为balance n.平衡，余额capacity n. 能力；才能character n.性格；品质；特性；confidence n. 信心determination n.决心；果断diet n.日常饮食discard vt. 抛弃giant a. 巨大的n.巨人handle vt. 管理；处理；操纵hunt v. 寻找；打猎；猎取loan vt. 借；贷n. 贷款；借；贷personnel n.人事部门；全体职工precision n. 精密；精确性principle n.信条；原则；原理property n.（房）地产，财产skilled a. 熟练的，技术性的sometime ad.某个时候sponsor vt. 为…做保证人；主办，n. 保证人；主办者，发起人weekly a. 每周的；一周一次的wreck n. 残破物；残骸call on 拜访above all 最重要的是check on 检查；调查；查看clean up 打扫；清除work out 制定出；解决；算出do with 对待；处理for sale 待售send for 派人去叫；召唤；pass away 去世turn away 拒绝帮助；不让…进入turn down 拒绝Book 1 Unit5acquaintance (n) 相识的人 beloved (a)深爱的；亲爱的classic (n)典型；典范 compete (v)竞争；对抗embarrass (v)使尴尬；使局促不安 executive（n）行政领导；管理人员favorite(n)特别喜欢的人（物）；（a）最喜欢的finance (n)财政；金融 inquiry (n)打听；询问instantly （adv）立刻；马上 manufacture(v) 大量制造married （a）结婚的；已婚的 monthly （a）每月的；每月一次的odd （a）临时的；不固定的 option（n）选择权；replace（v）取代；代替 replacement （n）接替者；替代物retire （v）退休 stock（n）股票，；证券；公债survive（v）比…活得长经历…后幸存 and（all）that诸如此类die of 死于 give up 放弃ask around四处打听 grab at 抓住；夺得stay up 醒着；不去睡 care for 照顾；照看look（sb）in the eye 直视某人 pick out 辨认出；分辨出straighten out 解决Book 1 Unit6absorb vt 完全吸引住....的注意、吸收hesitate vi 犹豫、踌躇split vi (使)裂开、破裂broaden v (使)变宽、（使）扩大identify vt 识别sustain vt 支持、保持reflect vt 反映、显示correspond vi 通信locate vt 找到...的位置、使坐落于thrust v 挤入、插入、猛推disgust vt 使厌恶、使反感grip v 握紧、紧握fertile a 肥沃的、富饶的previous a 早先的、先前的grand a 宏伟的、壮丽的keen a 强烈的、热切的thoughtful a 深思的、体贴的grateful a 感激的sensible a 通情达理的、理智的slim a 苗条的、细小的wisdom n 智慧、明智glow n 光亮、光辉margin n 页边空白overseas a 去（在）国外（海外）的ad 去（在）国外（海外）bud v 发芽、萌芽n (枝叶的)芽、花蕾whichever pron 无论哪个或哪些be grateful to (sb) for (sth) 因（某事）而感激（某人）in response to 作为对...的回应go sb’s way 与某人同路make one’s way 走去more than a little 很、非常take a chance 碰运气冒险Book 1 Unit7controversy n.争论，争议surround vt. 围绕，包围explore vt. 探究，探索obvious a. 明显的encounter vt. 遇到，遭遇reveal vt. 展示，揭露convince vt. 使确信，使信服dominant a. 统治的，占优势的negotiate vi. 谈判，协商relieve vt. 使减轻痛苦或焦虑等undertake vt.从事，承担（任务等）extend v.延伸，伸展，扩大，加长expand v. 扩大，扩展switch v. 转换，变换cooperate vi. 合作，协作assess vt. 评估，估量judgment n. 判断，意见，看法thrive vi. 茁壮成长，兴旺emergency n. 紧急情况，突然事件release vt. 释放evidence n. 证据，迹象deceive v. 欺骗original a. 最初的，原始的gaze n. 凝视，注视underneath prep. 在…下面horizon n. 眼界，见识，地平线make a deal 达成交易only to 结果却，不料figure out 理解，推断出in sb.’s interest(s) 为了某人的利益at first 起先size up 估量判断give in 让步，屈服，投降wipe out 消灭，消除Book 1 Unit8run out of 用完，耗尽file (n) 档案，卷宗handful (n) 一把，少量upset (vt) 使苦恼，使心烦意乱ignorant（adj）无知的，不知道的private (adj) 私人的，私有的slice (n) 部分，（薄薄的）一片chill（v）(使)变冷，（使）不寒而栗sum up 总结，概括financial (adj) 财政的，金融的accumulate (v) 积累，积聚intellectual (adj)智力的affect (vt) 影响industrial (adj) 工业的function (vi)运作，起作用（n）作用，功能idle (adj) 懒散的，空闲的jam (vi) 发生故障，卡住，堵塞break down 停止运转，失败，垮了drive (sth)home (to sb) 使清楚无误地理解humble (adj) 谦卑的，卑微的portable (adj) 便携（式）的，手提（式）的hut (n) 小屋，棚屋search for 寻找leisure(n) 空闲，闲暇luxury (n) 奢侈品，奢华，奢侈better off 更富有，更舒服scare (v)(使)惊慌，（使）恐惧wake up 醒了complex (adj) 复杂的manual(adj) 体力的，手工做的swear(vt) 发誓，宣誓make a living by 靠…..维持生计miracle (n)奇迹faculty (n) 官能indifference (n) 冷漠，不重视，中立Book 2 Unit 1accomplish v，达到,完成,实现成就,成绩apply v 适用,应用attach v 系,贴,附加await v 等待bold adj 勇敢无畏的;冒失鲁莽的. critical adj 批评的,评论的departure v 离开,起程,背离,变更emerge v 出现,兴起enormous adj 巨大的，极大的. evolve v 逐步形成,发展,演化. exaggerate v 夸张,夸大,言过其实. initial adj 开始的,最初的insert v 插入,嵌入. investigate v，调查neglect v忽视occasion n 时候,场合. performance v 执行,履行principal adj 首要的,主要的priority n 优先(权),优先考虑的事. promote v 提升,晋升relevant adj 有关的somewhat adv 有点,稍微summarize v 总结,概括. superior adj 上级的,较高等级的valid adj 有根据的,站得住脚的find one’s way到达,流入,进入in due course 到时候,今后适当时候in retrospect 回想起来,事后看来. make up for 补偿,弥补not in the least 一点也不.pick up (偶然或容易地)获得,学会. throw light on 帮助理解work on 从事,致力Book 2 Unit 2abrupt adv 突然的,意外的;陡峭的affluent adj 富裕,充裕的attain v 达到,获得rbless vt 保佑. bracket n 括号;等级段,档次cherish v 珍视,爱护; confront v 面临,面对; consequence n 结果,后果curiosity n 好奇dated adj 注有日期的;过时的deny v 否认;拒绝给予donation n 捐赠,赠给. fabricate v 制造;捏造,伪造focus v，聚焦genuine adj 真的,非人造的;item n，一项，一条linger v 逗留,徘徊;存留.minimal adj 最小的;最低限度的primary adj 最初的, 首要的pursuit n 追求seemingly adv 表面上;其实未必sentiment n情绪，感情stammer v. n 结巴,口吃tangible adj 可触知的,有形的tickle v 挠痒;逗乐,使高兴vital adj极其重要的well-off adj 境遇好的;富裕的fall into 分成;属于fill out 填写go through 经受,经历nothing more than 不强于,不多于out of place 不适当的,不相称的. wear and tear 磨损,损耗Book 2 Unit 3assure v 使确信;保证bet v. 敢肯定，确信community n. 社区consist vconstant a 持续的，不变的dread v 怕,畏惧;忧虑,厌恶dumb a 愚蠢的，哑的exhaust v 用完,耗尽(资源或力量) fade v 褪色，逐渐消失frank a 坦白的,真诚的,glorious n 极好的，辉煌的humiliate v 羞辱,使丢脸.hysterical adj 歇斯底里的interference v 干涉,干预,干扰junior a 较年幼的，较低级的location n 位置,地点,定位.patience n 耐心，忍耐proof n 证据,证明repeatedly adv 反复地scheme n 计划,规划,方案;阴谋诡计talent n才能，天才twist v 转动,旋动;缠绕;编织;歪曲.typical adj 典型的,特有的welfare 福利,康乐at any rate 无论如何,至少come over 感到,成为consist of 组成,构成. hand down 把…传下去.in unison 共同,一起,一致keep (sb.) in suspenseknow better than 明事理(而不至于) narrow down: 缩小,缩减Book 2 Unit 4abuse n 滥用，虐待 angle n角度，立场annoy vt使恼怒，使烦恼 appointment n约会arrange vt安排 virtual a.虚拟的，实质上的interpret v理解，解释 tone n语气，口气stretch v拉长，伸展 edit vt编辑via prep通过，借助于 Internet n互联网data n数据，资料 spit vt吐出symptom n征兆，症状 nightmare n噩梦crawl vi爬行缓慢移动 conversely ad相反地jar v使感到不快，使震惊 remark n言辞，话语 v说cue n暗示，提示 routine n例行事务，惯例crime n罪 suicide n自杀restore vt恢复 flee v逃走，逃离laughter n笑，笑声 click v用鼠标点击 n点击connection n连接 tune n曲子，曲调at times 有时 take in接收，得到on line联机，在线 but then但另一方面，然而be sucked in/into卷入 in sight临近set apart使离开，使分开Book 2 Unit 5alternate轮流的 a anxiety担心 ncoincide同时发生 vi competitor竞争者 ncongratulate祝贺vt dedication奉献 nemotion激情 n excitement兴奋 nfantasy幻想 n grace优雅 ngroan叹息 vi hug拥抱vtintensity强烈，紧张 n media大众传播媒介 nmere仅仅 a motion运动 nnumerous许多的 a passion热情 nrecur再来，再发生 vi soar高飞 vistartle使大吃一惊vt sweat汗水n 出汗vitense（令人）紧张的 a tension紧张 n upper上部的 a vain虚荣的 aalong with连同 be ashamed of因…感到难为情bring(sb.) back to earth使回到现实中 coincide with与…同时发生in one’s mind’s eye 在想象中 stretch out伸直，延伸on one/two/several occasion(s)有一（两，几）次Book 2 Unit 6abnormal a. 不正常的；变态 buzz v. n. 嗡嗡声convert v. （使）转变，转化 crave v. 渴望得到cultural a. 文化（上）的 decent a. 像样的，得体的distinguish v. 辨认出；分辨 faulty a. 有缺陷的flexible a. 灵活的；有弹性的 hybrid a.混合的;n杂交动植物imply v. 暗示，含有……的意思 indication n. 迹象；表示ironic a. 颇有讽刺意味的 leap n.,v. 跳；跃mechanical a. 机械的；呆板的 miniature a. 极小的；panic n. 惊慌v.惊慌失措 premise n. 前提selective a. 仔细挑选的；有选择的 shudder v. 战栗；发抖stumble v. 绊了一下；跌跌撞撞而行transmission n. 传动装置；传输 a herd of 一群……at a disadvantage 处于不利地位 can’t help doing 忍不住要做…grit one’s teeth 咬紧牙关；下定决心not know any better 因无知而做错事或傻事not know/understand the first thing about 对……一窍不通stumble into 偶然步入 when it comes to 一谈到；就…而言Book 2 Unit 7addition n.增加的人（物） alternative n.供选择的东西arouse vt.唤起，激起 ban vt.禁止，取缔channel n.海峡，渠道，频道 climate n.气候(区)conquer v.征服 corrupt vt.讹用，腐蚀贿赂descend vi.起源于；下降 drift vi.漂泊elite n.出类拔萃的人，精英 enrich vt.使富裕，使丰富establish vt.建立，确立 fascinating a.迷人的，有极大吸引力的habitual a.习惯的；习以为常的 influence n.,vt.影响inhabit vt.居住于 invade vt.侵入，侵略invent v.发明 liberty n.自由massive a.大量的，大规模的 modify vt.修改，更改mystery n.神秘的事物 necessity n.必需品；必要nourish vt.滋养，培育 resemble vt.与…相似royal a.国王或女王的；皇家的 snack n.快餐，点心source n.源，来源 surrender v.投降systematic a.有系统的 tolerance n.容忍，宽容；忍耐come up with 想出；提出 for effect 为了增强效果，为了引起注意out of control 失去控制 put into practice 将…付诸实施spring up 涌现 strictly speaking 严格地讲strike out 创造，开创to a(very real, certain, etc.) extent 在（极大，某种）程度上Book 2 Unit 8abundance n.充裕，丰富 bark v.犬、叫bloom n.v.（开）花 blossom n.（全部）花朵. vi.开花brood vi. 孵卵 chorus n.合唱曲complain vi.抱怨，投诉 counterpart n.职能相当的人或物creep vi. 悄悄缓慢地走，弥漫 desert vt.离弃evil a.邪恶的，n.邪恶，罪恶 flicker vi.摇曳，闪烁flock n.一群（禽，畜等） grim a.阴森的，无情的、狰狞的harmony n.和谐，融洽 hatch vt. （使）浮出migrant n.候鸟，迁徙动物 misfortune n.厄运，不幸mysterious a.神秘的 patch n.块，斑纹prosperous a.繁荣昌盛的 puzzle v.使困惑sicken v.生病，使恶心 silence vt.使缄默，压抑spell n.魔力，中邪；一段时间 stark a.严酷的stricken a.患病的，罹难的 surroundings n.周围的环境，环境throb vi.(心脏、机器等)跳动， tragedy n.惨案，悲剧unnoticed a.不被察觉的 vegetation n.草木，植被wither v.（使）枯萎 be lined with 俩边…排列成行come into bloom 盛开着花 feed on 以…….为食in harmony with 与…..和谐in the midst of 在当中，正当…发生的时候scores of 大量，许多 settle on/over 降临，笼罩Book 3 Unit 1blast v.吹起，劲吹；炸掉boundary n. 边界；分界线budget n. 预算combine v.（使）结合；（使）联合device n. 设备，装置digest n. 文摘；摘要economic adj. 经济学的；经济（方面）的generate vt. 形成；产生haul vt.（用马车，卡车)搬运illustrate vt. 举例说明improvement n. 改进indoor adj. 室内的insurance n. 保险；保险费invest v. 投资involve vt. 使参加；使陷入；包含，牵涉lower v. 降低；减少resist vt. 抵制minor adj.较少的；较小的pursue vt. 努力去获得，追求profit n.得益；收益，利润v.获利，得益；有益于scale n. 规模requirement n. 要求，必要条件stack vt. 一堆on balance 总的来说wicked adj. 邪恶的；坏的supplement vt. 补充；增加suspect vt. 怀疑；相信temptation n. 诱惑（物）aside from 除了at that point 就在那时cut back 减少；削减dine out 外出吃饭get by 过得去get through 通过，度过Just about 几乎on a small /large scale 小规模地Book 3 Unit 2abolish vt. 废除alongside ad. 在旁边bid vt. 吩咐，告诉authorize vt. 批准，委托capture n. 抓捕，捕获compel vt. 强迫，强求confident adj. 有信心的，确信的decade n. 十年conviction n. 坚定的看法或信仰disguise vt. 伪装forge vt. 建立historic adj. 有历史意义的impose vt. 把、、、、、、强加于mission n. 使命motivate vt. 使产生动机，激起racial adj. 种族的religious adj.宗教的settlement n. 新拓居地site n. 地方，位置，遗址shelter vt. 给、、、、、、提供庇护处，保护, 庇护物slender adj. 苗条的，细长的spot vt. 看出，发现，辨别terminal n. 终点threat n. 恐吓，威胁wed n. 网状物stand up （for）支持at risk 有危险，冒风险be intent on 热衷于，坚决要做close in （on/around）接近，包围in the eyes of 在某人看来as for 至于make the best of 充分利用on the side 秘密的pass for 被看做，被当做Book 3 Unit 3analyze vt.分析atmosphere n.气氛barrier n.障碍chart n.图表civilize vt.使文明electronic adj.电子的era n.年代error n.错误feature vt.给……以显著地位medium adj.中等的,平均的paste n.浆糊vt.用浆糊粘贴reflection n.有损声誉的事，思考，反映rural adj. 农村的sideways adj. 斜着的sophisticated adj.复杂的,老练的，精密的statistics n.统计suburb n.郊区system n.系统threaten vt.威胁universal adj.全体的urban adj.城市的vulnerable adj.易受攻击的wander vi.漫游be bathed in 沉浸于build in 使成为建筑的一部分close up 关闭hook up to连接到look bank on 回顾on the latch 关着但没上锁put up 建造stand for 代表with/by a small/large margin 小/大幅without/with not so much as 甚至连…….都没…..Book 3 Unit 4accordingly adv.因此，从而，相应的anniversary n.周年纪念日approve v.赞成，同意，批准caution n.小心，谨慎concentration n.集中，专心credit vt.把…归于fabric n.织物，织品flaw n.缺陷foundation n.基础，基本原理imagination n.想象力impressive adj.给人以深刻印象的inspiration n.灵感loose adj.不受束缚的，自由的mess n.脏乱状态outbreak n.爆发presence n.出席，到场reality n.现实remarkable adj.值得注意的，非凡的stimulate vt.使兴奋strain vt.使紧张，拉紧，绷紧trifle n.少量，少许undermine vt.暗中破坏，逐渐损害unify vt.使成一体，使结合Book 3 Unit 5accord vt. 使符合，给予amid prep在…当中，在…之间assemble vt. 集合，装配considerate adj.体贴的，考虑周到的diminish v.（使）变小，（使）减少expose vt.使暴露，使接触gratitude n. 感激，谢意immerse vt.使浸没，使沉迷instance n. 实例，例子marvelous adj.不可思议的，美妙的quote vt. 引用，引述repay vt.偿还，赔偿reverse vt. 反转，交换…的位置sincere adj.诚挚的，真诚的specific adj.明确的，具体的sprinkle vt.将…洒在…上，洒statement n. 陈述，声明successive adj. 接连不断的，连续的swift adj. 迅疾的，即时的traditional adj.传统的，惯例的unload v.卸（货）undergo vt. 经过，经历weep v. 流（泪），（为…而）哭泣and the rest等等at sea 在海上航行be exposed to暴露于，与…接触be immersed in 沉浸在，沉迷于bring back回想起get to sth/doing sth开始认真思考（或做）go about 着手做，从事in a flash 一瞬间in part在某种程度上，部分地in quest of 寻求，追求in secret秘密地，暗自in turn 挨个地，轮流地put away把…收好，放好on sb’.s behalf 为了（某人）的利益，代表（某人）take…for granted 认为…是理所当然turn over考虑，思考under way航行中，工作中，进行中long for 渴望Book 3 Unit 6acute （a）急性的，严重的 backward (ad）倒着cling （vi）抓紧 dreary (a)沉闷的, 使人忧郁的endure (v)持续，忍受，忍耐 fancy （n）幻想，胡思乱想flutter（v）飘动，晃动 fragile (a)易碎的，虚弱的joint （a）共同的，共有的 masterpiece （n）杰作，代表作merry （a）高兴的，愉快的，欢乐的 mingle（v）混合mock （v）取笑，嘲弄 nonsense 废话，愚蠢的行为persistent （a）持续的，一再发生的 scarcely 几乎没有，几乎不sin （n）罪孽 stalk (v)潜行，subtract（v）扣除，减去 whistle (v)用口哨吹be wet through 湿透的 call to 呼唤cling to 紧紧抓住 for the rest 至于其他hear of 听说，得知 in a whisper 低声地in tune 和谐 look the part 看上去像pull up 拉起 sit up坐起来stand out 显著，突出 to excess 过度turn loose 放手，放纵 wear away 流逝，磨损Book 3 Unit 7betray vt. 背叛；出卖 commission n. 委员会；佣金； vt. 委任cripple vt. 削弱；使跛； crush vt. 压碎；弄皱，delivery n.分娩；递送 dignity n. 尊严；高贵disabled adj. 残废的，有缺陷的 disorder n. 混乱；骚乱echo vt. 反射； n. 回音 guarantee n. 保证；保证人； vt. 保证；impatient adj. 焦躁的；不耐心的lash v. 鞭打 laundry n. 洗衣店,要洗的衣服limb n. 肢，枝干 limitation n. 限制;缺陷literature n. 文学；文献 pause n. 暂停；间歇 vi. 暂停pledge n.誓言; vt. 保证，许诺； profitable adj.；赚钱的；有益的register vt. 登记；注册； retail v. 零售； n. 零售scar vt.给留下伤痕 n.疤痕 section n.；部分；部门；signature n. 署名； solitary adj. 孤独的 n. 独居者；隐士surgery n. 外科；外科手术 territory n. 领土，领域tilt vi. 倾斜；翘起 transfer v. 转让；转移；apply for 申请，请求 be laid up (with) 因病卧床drop...off 落下，掉下， feel like sth./doing sth 想要做…gain on 逼近；超过；侵蚀 go off 离开；变质kick up v.引起；激起 off balance 不平稳的，摇摆的off one’s feet 躺着；控制不住自己 on the phone 在打电话Book 3 Unit 8analysis n. 分析 brilliant a. 极聪明的；非凡的；clone n vt. 克隆;无性繁殖， complication n. 并发症；复杂情况；condemn v. 谴责；责备 consent vi. 同意；contentious a.（可能）引起争论的； disapproval n. 不赞同；反对donate v. 献出；捐赠（钱，物等） et cetera （通常缩写作etc）等等eyesight n. 视力；目力 full-time a. 全日制的；专职的；fraud n. 欺骗（行为）；骗子 implant vt. 植入；移植种植；issue n. 问题，期号；发行物 legislation n.（总称）法律，法规misconception n. 错误观念；错觉 opponent n. 对手；敌手potential n. 潜在性 a. 潜在的 procedure n. 程序；手续standpoint n. 立场；观点 transplant vt. 移植 n. 移植；tremendous a. 极大的，惊人的 by necessity 由于客观情况的需要；come forward 自告奋勇；主动争取 focus on 集中于（某事物）in a sense 在某种意义上 in place 适当的，恰当的in reality 事实上；实际上 in some ways 在某种程度上make the most of 充分利用 no more than 至多，仅仅result from 是……的结果，由于……而发生Book 4 Unit 1alliance n. 联盟 declaration n.宣布；宣言heroic a. 英雄的；英勇的 minus prep. 零下；减region n. 地区 toll n. 伤亡人数；（道路，桥梁）通行费campaign a. 战役；运动； desperate a. 非常严重的；拼死的instruct vt. 指示，命令；讲授 occupation n. 占领；职业render vt. 使成为 underestimate vt. 低估conquest n. 征服，战胜 efficient a. 效率高的invasion n.入侵；侵略 offensive n.进攻a.进攻的；使人不快的resistance n.抵抗；反对 weaken v. （使）虚弱；（使）变弱crucial a.至关重要的 engage v.参与; 使订婚; 交战launch vt. 开始；发射 raw a. 阴冷的；生的；未加工的siege n. 围困 decisive a.决定性的；果断的equip vt.装备，配备 limp vi. 一瘸一拐地走reckon v. 计算；认为 stroke n.一次；一击at the cost of 以…为代价 bide one’s time 等待时机drag on 缓慢费力地走；拖延 in the case of 至于，就…来说stand/ get/ be in the way 挡道 thanks to 由于，因为；妨碍be faced with 面临 bring to a halt 使停止engage /be engaged in (doing) sth 从事；参与press on/ ahead（不顾困难）继续进行 take a gamble 冒险turn the tide (against) 彻底改变形势（从而对…不利）be /get bogged down 被困扰 catch sb. off guard 趁某人不备reckon with 考虑 take its/ a toll 造成损失（伤亡）Book 4 Unit 2alert v 使警觉；使注意 application n. 应用；运用apart ad 相间隔；分离 approximately ad 近似；大概automate v 使自动化 bunch v 使成一束（或一捆等）calculate v 计算 computerize v 使计算机化correlate v 使（与…）相互关联 decrease v 减少detect v 检测到；发现 eliminate v 消除；消灭；排除expansion n 扩大；扩展 frequency n 频率；次数hazard n 危害；危险 incorporate v 将…包括进去lane 车道 n lucrative a 生利的，赚钱的magnetic a 磁的；有磁性的 monotonous a 单调的；一成不变的mount v 将、、、固定住 orbit v 环绕轨道运行prototype n 原型；样品 remote a 遥控的；偏僻的satellite n 卫星 signal n 信号steer v 驾驶，掌舵 vapor n 汽；雾；蒸汽vibrate v（使）振动；颤动， be poised to (do) 做好准备随时（做…）get / be stuck in (sth.) 停留，被阻塞 in the air 在空中；悬而未决send out 用（无线电波等）发送（信号等）发送start up 发动，启动；开始 take control of 控制turn (sth.) into a reality （使）成为现实Book 4 Unit 3applicantn.求职者；申请人 barelyad.仅够；几乎没有beforehandadv.事先 blurtvt.未加思索地冲口说出chucklevi.咯咯地笑 endeavorn.努力；尽力；generouslyad.慷慨地；不吝啬地 grillvt.盘问；烧烤inadequatea.不适当的；不充分的 incidentallyad.顺便提起地；附带地measurablea.可测量的 partnern.搭档；同伙physicallyad. 身体上；按自然法则地 preparationn.准备；预备prospectivea.可能成为的；预期的 respondvi.回答rudea.粗鲁的；不礼貌的 sparklevi.显露（才智）；闪耀structuren.构造；结构 taxi(v.)vi.（指飞机）在地面或水面滑行veterann.老兵；老手 as I see it 在我看来(as)the saying gose 俗话说；常言道beyond anyone’s/one’s wildest dreams 无论如何也想不到的；做梦也不敢想的do one’s homework 事先做好准备 follow up 采取进一步行动、from one’s the standpoint（of）从…的观点来看go after 努力争取，追求 in sb.’s hands 为某人所拥有in the neighborhood of 大约make a difference 改变现状或前景；产生影响take/have a crack at 尝试Book 4 Unit 4academic n.学者; a. 学术的 accelerate v.（使）加速advantageous a.有利的；有益的; aspire vi.渴望得到;asset n.财产，资产；优势，资源; center vt.置于中央；集中;considerable a.相当（多）大的; contradiction n.矛盾displace vt.取代…的位置；替代; divorce vt.使分离；离婚; domestic a.本国的；国内的; earnest a.诚挚的；认真的; economy n.经济（体）；经济制度; elsewhere adv.在别处；到处; endorse vt.赞同；认同; entitle vt.给…题名；给…取名; erase vt.擦掉；抹掉; establishment n.当权者；统治阶级; facilitate vt.使容易；使便利; forefront n.最前面；最前线; growth n.生长；增长；扩展; increasingly adv.越来越；日益; investment n.投资（金额）; landmark a.有重大意义的; n 里程碑network v.交际；积累人脉; n.网络; outlook n.观点；看法；态度; overtake vt.赶上；超过; patriotic a.爱国的;pendulum n.摆；钟摆; strengthen vt.加强；变强;unlike a.prep.不同；不像; vanish vi.（突然）不见；不复存在; witness vt.目击； n.见证者； a handful of 少数的；a variety of 种种；多种多样; at odds with 与…相冲突；与…不一致；be committed to 承诺；忠于; let alone 更不用说;make no / little difference 无影响；不重要; strike a balance 求得平衡; sweep aside 不理会；Book 4 Unit 5affectionate a。
新标准大学英语 综合教程1 笔记unit2
New Standard College EnglishAn Integrated Course 1Ye Can’s NoteUnit 2 Food, glorious food!Active Reading 1 The First OysterNew Words, Phrases and Expressions1. glorious: wonderful and extremely enjoyable2. oyster: a large flat shellfish. Some types of oyster can be eaten cooked or uncooked and others produce shiny white jewels called pearls.3. "Nonsense, how do you know you don't like it if you haven't tried it," he reasoned. reason: to form a judgement about a situation by considering the facts and thinking in a logical way.She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.4. Just slide it into your mouth.5. I thought the oyster looked rather nasty.nasty: having a bad appearance, smell, taste etc.6. a French seaside resortresort: a place where a lot of people go for holidays7. the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs, prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other.(1) prawn: a shellfish with ten legs and a long tail, that can be eaten. Prawns turn pink when cooked. (BrE: prawn = AmE: shrimp)(2) shellfish: a sea or water animal that does not have a backbone, but has a shell, and can be eaten as food, such as crabs, lobsters, and oysters.8. my father had decided to take me, his ten-year-old son, to lunch, and to mark an important event in my life, as important to my father as coming of age: my first oyster.come of age: reach adult statusHe’ll inherit the money when he comes of age.9. rock pool: a small pool of water between rocks by the sea. (BrE) (=tide pool AmE)10. juicy bacon sandwichjuicy: containing a lot of juice and good to eatHe ordered a juicy rump steak.11. Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.gloomy: sad and without hope, because you think the situation will not improveI can tell by your gloomy face that the news is bad.12. striking a note of compromiseTo strike a note of something means to speak in a particular manner or tone.compromise: an agreement made between two people or groups in which each side gives up some of the things they want so that both sides are happy at the end13. the clear perception14. On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was a battery of implements used to crack the shells, and scrape out every last piece of meat.(1) discard: get rid of sth. because it is uselessdiscard an old pair of shoes / discard old beliefs(2) a battery of: a group of many things or people of the same typea battery of medical tests(3) implement: a tool or instrument, especially a fairly large one with no motor, especially one used for outdoor physical workagricultural implements15. He paused every mouthful and raised his glass. Now and then he waved the oyster at me, teasing me to eat it.(1) mouthful: an amount of food or drink that you put into your mouth at one timeHe took a mouthful of sweet country air.I'm so full I couldn't eat another mouthful.handful: the amount of sth that can be held in one handarmful: a quantity that you can carry in one or both arms(2) now and then: at times, occasionally(3) tease: to laugh at someone and make jokes in order to have fun by embarrassing them, either in a friendly way or in an unkind wayShe used to tease me about my hair.16. I just looked at my empty plate in despair.despair: a feeling that you have no hope at all for the futureDefeat after defeat filled us with despair.17. a silent tear slid down my cheek.slid: pt of slide18. I knew it was all over.19. I took it between a finger and thumb, and held it to my lips.20. I did as I was told.21. The oyster was slippery.slippery: difficult to hold or to stand on or walk on, because it is smooth, wet or greasy.slippery like a fishThe road was slippery after the rain.22. half smilingKey Words1. portionn.(1) a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other partsThe factory represents only a small portion of the company’s interests.The rent on his portion of the apartment was $500 a month.The front portion of the rocket breaks off.(2) an amount of food for one person, especially when served in a restaurantShe cut the cake into six small portions.a huge portion of roast beefHe served generous portions of soup from the pot.(3) a share of something, such as responsibility, blame, or a duty, that is divided between a small number of peopleThe other driver must bear a portion of the blame for the accident.2. clingv.(1) to stick to someone or something, to fit very tightly on somethingHis wet shirt clung to his body.(2) to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you do not feel safesurvivors clinging to a raftcling to old ideasShe clung to the hope that her son was not dead.3. perceptionn.(1) the way that you notice things with your senses of sight, hearing etcvisual perceptionHis perception of the change came in a flash.(2) the natural ability to understand or notice things quicklyHis analysis of the problem showed great perception.(3) the way you think about something and your idea of what it is likeParents’ views influence their children’s perceptions of the world.public perception of the police / doctorThere is a general public perception that…4. crackvt./vi.to break or to make something break, either so that it gets lines on its surface, or so that it breaks into piecesHe cracked a couple of eggs into a pan.He has cracked a bone in his arm.Don’t put boiling water in the glass or it will crack.Concrete is liable to crack in very cold weather.Her lips were dry and cracked.5. scrapev.(1) to remove something from a surface by moving sth sharp and hard like a knife across itScrape the carrots and slice them thinly.(2) to rub against a rough surface by accident so that it causes slight damage or hurtI must have scraped some of the paint off when I was parking the car.She fell and scraped her knee.Notes1. district / region / vicinity / area，这一组名词都有“区域”的意思。
英语综合教程二知识点归纳总结
英语综合教程二知识点归纳总结### English Comprehensive Course II: Key Points Summary#### Introduction to the CourseThe English Comprehensive Course II is designed to further enhance students' language proficiency by focusing on advanced grammar, vocabulary, reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. It builds upon the foundation laid by the first course, aiming to prepare students for more complex language challenges.#### Grammar1. Complex Sentences: Understanding and constructing complex sentences with multiple clauses.2. Subjunctive Mood: Usage of the subjunctive mood in hypothetical and contrary-to-fact situations.3. Non-finite Verbs: Mastery of gerunds, infinitives, and participles in various grammatical roles.4. Emphasis Constructions: Techniques to emphasize parts of a sentence for rhetorical effect.5. Conditional Sentences: Advanced use of first, second, and third conditionals for different scenarios.#### Vocabulary1. Academic Vocabulary: Expansion of vocabulary relevant to academic writing and discussions.2. Idiomatic Expressions: Learning and using common idiomatic expressions for natural language use.3. Phrasal Verbs: Understanding and using phrasal verbs in different contexts.4. Collocations: Recognition of common word combinations that are frequently used together.#### Reading1. Skimming and Scanning: Techniques for quickly identifying main ideas and specific information in texts.2. Critical Reading: Analyzing texts for deeper understanding, including author's purpose and argument structure.3. Literary Analysis: Introduction to analyzing literary texts, including themes, motifs, and character analysis.#### Writing1. Expository Writing: Writing to explain, describe, or inform, focusing on clarity and organization.2. Argumentative Writing: Constructing and supporting an argument with evidence and logical reasoning.3. Descriptive Writing: Techniques for vividly describing people, places, or things.4. Academic Writing: Formatting and structuring academic papers, including essays and research papers.#### Listening1. Listening for Detail: Developing the ability to catch specific information from spoken English.2. Listening for Main Ideas: Identifying the central themes and messages of spoken passages.3. Listening Comprehension: Understanding complex lectures, discussions, and narratives.#### Speaking1. Fluency: Improving the natural flow of speech and reducing hesitations.2. Accuracy: Correct usage of grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation in speech.3. Presentation Skills: Delivering clear and engaging presentations with confidence.#### Cultural Notes1. Understanding Cultural References: Recognizing and interpreting cultural references in English texts and conversations.2. Cross-Cultural Communication: Awareness of cultural differences and their impact on communication.#### Assessment1. Quizzes and Tests: Regular assessments to gauge understanding of course material.2. Project Work: Group or individual projects that apply language skills in practical scenarios.3. Peer Review: Opportunities for students to provide and receive feedback on written and oral work.#### ConclusionThe English Comprehensive Course II is a pivotal step in the journey to fluency, offering a well-rounded approach to language learning that prepares students for academic and professional success. By focusing on advanced language skills and cultural understanding, students are equipped to navigate complex linguistic and social environments with confidence.This summary encapsulates the key components of the English Comprehensive Course II, providing a structured overview of the skills and knowledge areas covered in the curriculum.。
全新版大学英语综合教程2英语复习笔记
UNIT 11. 被系在…上be attached to…2. 探索行为exploratory behavior3. 偶尔on occasion4. 父母的责任parental duties5. 揭示，阐明throw light on6. 最终目的an ultimate purpose7. 要做的动作desired action8. 所希望的结果desirable outcome9. 关键critical point10. 育儿观value of child rearing11. 弥补某种错误行为making up for a misdeed12. 回想起来in retrospect13. 善意的well-intentioned14. 前来帮助某人come to sb.’s rescue15. 极其熟练、温和地with extreme facility and gentleness16. 适用于apply to17. 发展到evolve to18. 发展创造力promote creativity19. 值得追求的目标worthwhile goalsOne way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later .美国人的立场可以概括起来这么说，我们比中国人更重视创新和自立。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 第1册 Unit 1 课堂笔记
Before Reading >> English Song –Beautiful BoyI. John Lennoni. A Brief Introduction to John LennonJohn Lennon (1940~1980) was an English rock musician and cofounder of The Beatles, the most lauded and influential rock group of all time.ii. Questions about John Lennon1. Who was John Lennon?2. Which country was he from?3. What was his profession?4. Do you know any songs by him?5. Can you tell us anything about Lennon?iii. Chronology of John Lennon– October 9, 1940Born John Winston Lennon, in Liverpool, England.– September 1957Enrolled at Liverpool College of Art.– August 23, 1962Married college girlfriend Cynthia Powell (divorced 1968).– February 19, 1963Please Please Me reached Number One in the U.K. charts.– February 12, 1964The Beatles started their first U.S. tour.– June 15, 1965The Beatles received MBEs (Member of the Order of the British Empire) from Queen Elizabeth II. – March 14, 1969Married Yoko Ono.– November 25, 1969Lennon returned his MBE in peace protest.– December 8, 1980Shot dead outside his apartment in the Dakota building in New York City. The killer was a crazed fan, Mark Chapman, who had recently obtained Lennon’s autograph(亲笔签名).II. Beautiful BoyLyric:Close your eyesHave no fearThe monster's goneHe’s on the run and your daddy's hereBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBefore you go to sleepSay a little prayerEvery day in every wayIt's getting better and betterBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyOut of the ocean sailing awayI can hardly waitTo see you come of ageBut I guess we'll both just have to be patient ’Cause it’s a long way to goA had row to howYes it’s a long way to goBut in the meantimeBefore you cross the streetTake my handLife is what happens to youWhile you’re busy making other plansBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBefore you go to sleepSay a little prayerEvery day in every wayIt's getting better and betterBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyDarling, darling, darlingDarling SeanIII. Questions about the Song and the Texts1. In your opinion, what is the song Beautiful Boy going to tell us?2. What does Lennon think of growing up? Is it easy or full of adventures?3. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?Before Reading >> SpaghettiI. DefinitionSpaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and served with sauce. Unlike some Chinese noodles, it is not served in soup and will never taste pulpy (软乎乎、没有嚼劲的).II. Listen and PracticeRead the words given below and then listen to the passage. After listening to the passage, one student is required to come up and show the right way of eating spaghetti before the class.The Right Way of Eating Spaghetti1. Hold the fork in your hand as if to poke the spaghetti.2. Scoop up a small amount of spaghetti on your fork and raise itabout 30cm above your plate. 3. Make sure the spaghetti on your fork is completely disconnectedfrom the remainder on your plate. 4. Put the prongs of the fork at an edge of the plate that is free offood. 5. Quickly point the prongs of the fork straight down toward theplate and place the points on the plate. 6. Twirl the fork to gather the spaghetti around the prongs.7. With a quick scooping movement, gather up the roll around the prongs and place it in yourmouth.8. Gently gather up any stray spaghetti ends that don’t make it all the way into your mouth.Before Reading >> The American Educational SystemIn the United States, education is the responsibility of individual states, not of the federal government, so requirements may vary from one state to another. The following is a generalization:- kindergarten: under 5 years old- elementary / primary school (grades 1~6): 6~11 years old- junior high / middle school (grades 7~8): 12~13 years old- senior / high school (grades 9~12): 14~17 years old - college, institute, academy (学院), universityGlobal Reading >> ScanningScan Text A and find out all the time words, phrases and clauses.Key:since my childhood in Belleville (Para. 1)until my third year in high school (Para. 1)until then (Para. 1)when our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English (Para. 2)late in the year (Para. 3)until the night before the essay was due (Para. 3)when I finished (Para. 6)next morning (Para. 6)two days passed (Para. 6)when I saw him lift my paper from his desk ... (Para. 6) when Mr. Fleagle finished (Para. 9) Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1 True or False1. Baker had never thought of becoming a writer until he was in the eleventh grade. (F)(As a child in Belleville, he had thought of becoming a writer from time to time.)2. Teachers found it painful to read students’ long and lifeless essays. (T)3. Before Mr. Fleagle became the English teacher for Baker’s class, the English course had been interesting. (F)(From the words “another cheerless year” we can see the English course had been quite boring.)4. In Baker’s opinion, Mr. Fleagle was really a formal, rigid and out-of-date teacher only because of Fleagle’s manner of speaking. (F)(Besides the manner of speaking, Fleagle’s appearance and dress also showed that he was a dull and rigid teacher.)II. For Part 2 Multiple ChoiceChoose the best answer to complete the sentence.1. At first, Baker thought Mr. Fleagle’s English course was ___________. (B)A. interestingB. dullC. hopefulD. attractive2. In Baker’s opinion, the title of the composition “What I Did on My Summer Vacation” was _________. (D)A. dullB. unfruitfulC. difficultD. foolish and dull3. Baker liked to write a com position with the title “The Art of Eating Spaghetti” because __________. (D)A. neither Baker nor Doris had ever eaten spaghetti beforeB. Baker and Doris argued about it at a supperC. spaghetti was from Italy and quite new thenD. it reminded him of the pleasure of that evening4. Which of the following statements is TRUE? _________ (A)A. You’ll not write a good composition until you like the topic.B. When Baker wrote the essay, he thought his teacher would like it.C. Mr. Fleagle had liked Baker’s com positions before.D. Baker succeeded in writing two compositions.III. For Part 3 Questions and Answers1.Do you think Baker would write another essay if he had enough time? Why?2.What was Baker prepared for when he found all the papers had been given back but his?3.Whose essay did Mr. Fleagle read to the class? How did the class respond?4.Which paragraph in this part gives readers the impression that Baker’s essay was very good?5.Why did Baker feel so delighted?Detailed ReadingI. Difficult Sentences1.Until t hen I’d been bored by everything associated with English courses. (Para. 1)What can we infer from this sentence?(Up to then, Baker had had no interest in things related to English courses.)2.I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write. (Para. 1)Paraphrase the sentence.(I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers; neither did teachers enjoy what I wrote.)3.another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects (Para. 2)What can we learn from this phrase?(We can know from this phrase that before Mr. Fleagle became Baker’s English teacher, all English courses were dull.)4.I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. (Para. 3)What does the author really mean when he says “I ... was not disappointed”?(He means that his expectation was right that Mr. Fleagle’s lessons were dull.)5.I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa,I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. (Para. 3)1) What can we infer from these sentences?(Baker was unwilling to write his essay.)2) List phrases to support your inference.(did n othing until … the essay was due; faced up to the unwelcome task.)6.This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. (Para. 4)Paraphrase the sentence and translate it into Chinese.(At the sight of the title I saw an unusual series of pictu res in my mind’s eye.这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。
大学英语综合教程1、2期末复习
BOOK1Unit1 Growing UpUnit 1 Test Aoff and on 断断续续地，有时take hold 生根，确立associate 使联系起来，使联想assignment（分配的）工作，任务，作业turn out 编写，制作paragraph 段落agony (身心的)极度痛苦assign 分配，分派cheerless阴郁的，沉闷的tedious乏味的，冗长的reputation 名声，名誉inability无能，无力inspire激励，鼓舞formal 刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的rigid一成不变的，严格的out of date过时的excessively过分地prim古板的，拘谨的，循规蹈矩的，整洁的severe朴素的，严重的，剧烈的wavy波形的，波浪形的necktie领带pointed有尖的，尖的jaw颌，颚comic 滑稽的，喜剧的，连环漫画（册）antique古物，古玩tackle处理，应付informal（指讲话，文字）口语体的，非正式的essay散文，小品文，论说文distribute分发，分配，分送finally最终，终于face up to勇敢地接受或对付scan浏览，粗略地看spaghetti意大利式细面条title标题，题目，给...加标题，加题目于extraordinary不同寻常的，奇特的sequence一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序image形象，印象，（图）像vivid生动的，逼真的adult成年人，成年动物recall回想起，回忆起social社会的，社交的，交谊的respectable可敬的，体面的，文雅的put down写下recapture再现，再次经历relive再体验，重温violate违背，违反compose创作turn in交（作业）command命令，指令discipline惩罚，处分，纪律what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者contempt轻视，轻蔑ridicule嘲笑，嘲弄，被戏弄open-hearted诚挚的enjoyment愉快，欢乐，满意hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid避免demonstration表明，证明calling职业，使命career生涯，事业，职业seal印章，图章essence本质，精髓背诵课文：Suddenly I want to write about that,about the warmth and good feeling of it,but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy,not for Mr. Fleagle.It was moment I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening .To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition I’d learned in school ,and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade.Never mind .I would write something else for Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.翻译：突然我就想描述那一切，描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛，但我把它写下来仅仅是想白得其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 第1册 Unit 4 课堂笔记
Unit 4 The American Dream Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1i. Table Completionii. Matching(1 —C —II; 2 —A —III; 3 —B —I)iii. ScanningScan the text to find out descriptions of Tony’s physical appearance.Para. 1 He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin.Para. 22 He seemed to stand a little straighter. He was heavier. He had a look of confidence. Para. 27 … neatly dressedII. For Part 2 Questions and Answers1. What is the key to Tony’s success?(Tony worked very hard to create his American Dream. Besides, he was determined, self-controlled, optimistic, self-respected, honest and responsible. All these helped him become successful.)2. Compare Tony with the greatest industrialists.(Both Tony and the greatest industrialists are successful in pursuing their American Dreams. They reached their success by working hard, and by the same values and principles. The only difference was that they had different financial achievements.)Detailed ReadingI. Difficult Sentences1.“I mow your lawn,” he said. (Para. 2)How many times is the sentence —“I mow your lawn.” —repeated in the text? Why is it repeated?(The sentence is repeated four times. That’s because it shows Tony’s determination in finding a job, and his optimistic view that people would help a man who needed a job.)2.Well, what do you do with such determination and hope? (Para. 12)Paraphrase the sentence.(It is hard to refuse a person who is determined and hopeful to get a job.)3.My wife and I were delighted with what we felt was a satisfying end of the story. (Para. 16)1) Paraphrase the sentence.(My wife and I were happy with what Tony had achieved, and thought that the whole thing had thus been settled.)2) Was Tony satisfied with this end?(Tony was not satisfied. He kept on working hard until he fulfilled his better dreams.)4.From then on, it was interesting to see that any discarded odds and ends around our place — a broken screen, a bit of hardware, boards from packing — Tony would gather and take home. (Para. 21)1) Why did Tony take home the discarded odds and ends?(Tony bought a house, which was a complete wreck. To fix and decorate it, and, above all, to save money, he took home the discarded odds and ends.)2) Translate the sentence into Chinese.(从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。
新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程第2版2uni1笔记.
In flames burning strongly熊熊燃烧The whole house was in flames.Shoot somebody or something down in flames to reject（vt.拒绝；排斥；抵制；丢弃）or refute(vt.反驳，驳斥)an idea or suggestion emphatically (adv.断然地；着重地；强调地)Fan the flame to make a tense or difficult situation worse煽动情绪，煽起热情Flame n.火焰1.Hot glowing(adj.灼热的)body of burning gas:a hot glowing body of burning gas,often carrying fine incandescent(adj.炽热的)particles2.Strong feeling:an intense feeling or emotion3.Lover:a sweetheart or lover(informal)An old flame4.Reddish-orange color:a brilliant reddish-orange colorFlame adj.Reddish-orange color:of a brilliant reddish-orange colorFlame n.Angry e-mail message:a rude,abusive(adj.辱骂的),or threatening e-mail message or newsgroup postingLash v.捆绑，捆扎；猛击，鞭打，抽打1.v.smash onto something:to have a strong or powerful,often continuous,impact on a surfaceHeavy seas lashed the shore.2.v.Criticize somebody:to criticize somebody or something severely She lashed into her critics.3.vt.Whip(v.抽打)somebody:to hit somebody or something with a whip or an object like a whip,often repeatedly as a form of punishment prisoners were lashed severely.4.v.flick to and fro(adv.向后):to flick something from side to side sharply so that It moves like a whip,or move in this waythe cat lashed it tail angrily.5.vt.Incite people:to encourage strong emotion such as anger in others, especially in a crowdThe fans had lashed themselves into a fever of enthusiasm.Slash n.鞭打，睫毛，突然（猛烈）地一甩1.stroke with a whip:a stroke with a whip or some other long flexible object,often one of several given as a punishment2.eyelash:an eyelash3.movement like a whip:a movement like that of a whip being cracked The lion gave a lash of its tail.4.End of a whip:the flexible end of a whip5.Severe scolding:a severe reproof or v.al attackHe felt the full lash of his father’s tongue.6.Impact of something:a strong or powerful,often continuous,impact of something,especially a natural element,against a surfaceThe lash of waves onto the beachLash out vi.猛击，猛烈抨击，大肆挥霍1.Suddenly attack:to attack somebody or something verbally and suddenly2.Suddenly attack physically:to start suddenly to attack somebody or something with uncontrolled movements.Lash-up n.计划；应急的东西；一团糟，失败Something put together hastily(adv.飞快地，仓促地):an object hastily made or put together,especially in order to meet emergency needs Lashings大量，很多rge quantity:generous or plentiful amounts of somethingScoff vi.嘲笑，讥笑，嘲弄；狼吞虎咽地吃1.Be derisive(adj.嘲弄的，讥讽的)or scornful:to express derision or scorn about somebody or somethingShe scoffed at all our suggestions.2.Eat hungrily:to eat food quickly and hungrily or greedily(informal) Scoff n.1.Expression of scorn:an expression of derision or scorn2.Object of scorn:somebody or something that is derided or scorned Scornful adj.轻蔑的，鄙视的Feeling or showing scornA scornful lookScornful ofHe was scornful of the women’s movement.Scornfully adj.轻蔑地，藐视地Drawstring n.拉绳，束带Pulling cord:a cord threaded through a hem(n.褶边),piping(n.绲边),or eyelets(n.孔眼)around the opening in a bag or a garment so that it can be drawn tight and the opening closedDrawstring bagShade n.背阴处，阴凉处；遮光物，罩；（能上下卷的）窗帘；百叶窗；太阳镜，墨镜1.Area out of direct sunlight:an area of relative darkness where direct sunlight is blocked or obscured(adj.遮蔽的；湮没的)2.Slightly different color:a color that is a variation on a basic color,for example,by being more or less bright or darkA pretty shade of blue3.Something that blocks light:something,for example,a lampshade(n.灯罩),used to block a direct light source4.Window device:a flexible piece of material mounted on a window that can be rolled down to block light or up to admit light5.Dark parts of painting:the darker areas of a painting,drawing,or photograph.Also called shadow6.Small amount:a slight degree or amountA shade too close7.Variation:a slight variation on something similarDifferent shades of opinion8.Obscurity:relative obscurity9.Ghost:a ghost or phantom(literary)also called shadow10.Shadow:a shadow(archaic)Shades n.墨镜Sunglasses:sunglasses(informal)Shadow n.影子；阴影，昏暗处，阴暗处The dark shape that someone or something makes on a surface when they are between that surface and the light:The long dark shadow of an old oak treeHis shadow fell across the room.The building cast its shadow(made a shadow)across the street.In the shadow of somethingIt was hot,and we decided to walk in the shadow of the wall(=along the wall,where its shadow would fall)Shade v.为…遮挡阳光，遮蔽（光线）；给…加深颜色；画阴影于1.vt.Protect from sunlight:to protect something or block it off from direct light,particularly form direct sunlightthe awning(n.遮蓬；遮阳篷；遮雨篷)shades the porch well.2.vt.Darken part of picture:to darken part of a drawing or picture using pencil,ink,or some other dark mediumhe shades in the trees in the background.3.vi.Change slightly or gradually:to change imperceptibly into something slightly differentthe cream(n.奶油，乳脂)gradually shades into gold.4.vt.Darken:to make a place or area darker5.vt.Reduce price:to reduce price slightlyput somebody or something in the shadeto make somebody or something seem unimportant by appearing much more special or attractiveshades of somebody or somethingused to say that somebody or something is reminiscent(adj.使人想起某事物的；回忆的，怀旧的)of somebody or something else,especially a time in thepast or the work of a writer or other artistyou can take tea on the terrace–shades of E.M.Forster–or ride on an elephantsway v.摇摆，摆动，摇晃；影响（某人）；使…改变看法1.swing:to swing back and forth,or cause something to do this2.vi.Lean(v.倾斜)over repeatedly:to learn or bend to one side or in different directions in turn3.v.waver between opinions:to go back and forth between two or more opinions,or make somebody do this4.vt.Influence somebody:to persuade or influence somebody to believe or do something(usually passive)don’t let yourself be swayed.5.Vi.More gracefully:to move back and forth in a graceful way6.Vt.Stagger(v.蹒跚，摇摇晃晃地走):to move from side to side in a clumsy and unsteady way7.Vt.Hoist(v.吊起，升起，提起)something:to hoist a yard,mast,or other spar(technical)swing,sway,wave,shake1.Swing implies movement in an arc(n.弧)of something attached only at one side or at one endSwinging her bag over her shoulder,she hurried on.Sway implies a slow swinging motion,esp.in a flexible or unsteady object that yields to lack of support or to pressure from one side to anotherThe trees swayed gently in the breeze.2.swing often implies regular oscillations(n.波动，摇摆，变化).wave distinctively implies undulating()or fluttering motions without rhythmical regularityshake commonly suggests a menacing or threatening or warning intentillusion n.错误的观念，幻想；假象，错觉1.Something with deceptive(adj.欺骗的；似是而非的)appearance:something that deceives the senses or mind e.g.By appearing to exist when it does not or appearing to be one thing when it is in fact another2.False idea:a false idea,conception,or belief about somebody or something3.Deceptive power of appearances:the ability of appearances to deceive the mind and senses,or the capacity of the mind and senses to be deceived by appearances4.Mistaken sensory perception(n.知觉，感觉；看法，洞察力):a misinterpretation(n.误解；误释)of an experience of sensory perception, especially a visual one,where the mistaken perception is due to physical rather than psychologicalIllusory adj.虚假的，貌似真实的Imaginary,illusive:produced by,based on,or consisting of an illusion First impressions can often prove illusory.Illusorily adv.Allusion n.暗示，提及；间接收到；典故1.Indirect reference:an indirect reference to somebody or something The committee made no allusion to the former president in its report.2.Act of alluding:the act of making an indirect reference to somebody or somethingDisillusion vt.使醒悟，使不再抱有幻想To make someone realize that something with they thought was true or good is not really true or good:I hate to disillusion you,but I don’t think she’s coming back. Disillusionment n.幻灭；醒悟Disillusioned adj.不抱幻想的，失望的，幻灭的，理想破灭的Disappointed because you have lost your belief that someone is good,or that an idea is right(=disenchanted adj.失望的，灰心的，不再抱有幻想的) Disillusioned by/withAs she grew older,Laura became increasingly disillusioned with politics. Allusion,delusion,illusionAllusion and illusion are the closest in sound but the furthest apart inmeaning:an allusion is an indirect reference to a person,thing,or event:the story contained an allusion to her childhood in Africa.An illusion is something that deceives the senses or mind:the shimmering(adj.闪烁的，微微发亮的)effect on a hot road is an optical illusion.By shutting himself in his room for hours he kept up an illusion of studying hard.Illusion and delusion are similar in meaning,butdelusion denotes something falsely believed,often harmfully,rather than a wrong impression received:visitors often suffer under the delusion that the weather is always hot here.Devastating adj.毁灭性的，破坏力极强的；令人悲痛的；令人震惊的，骇人的；惊人的，强有力的1.Damaging:causing severe or widespread damagePolicies that have a devastating effect on economic growth2.Very upsetting:causing great shock or upsetThe news was devastating.3.Sharply critical:containing criticism that is very sharp and very effective or damaging,often as a result of its precise detail or caustic wit4.Remarkable:startlingly impressive or attractive(informal)The devastating speed of her forehead return.Devastatingly adv.讥讽的；破坏性的Devastate vt.令（某人）极度震惊，使（某人）伤心欲绝；严重破坏，彻底破坏，摧毁1.Damage severely:to cause severe or widespread damage to something An area devastated by floods2.Upset enormously:to shock or upset somebody greatly(often passive) Devastation n.毁坏，荒废Devastative adj.破坏的Devastator n.蹂躏着；破坏者Rumble v.发出隆隆声（尤指来自远处），轰鸣着缓慢行进；肚子饿发出的咕噜声1.vi.Make deep sound:to make a deep rolling soundThunder rumbling in the distance2.vi.move noisily:to travel,e.g.along a road,with a deep rolling sound Trucks rumbled past.3.vt.utter something with rumble:to say something in a deep continuous voice4.vi.North American New Zealand fight:to be involved in a street fight, especially one between members of rival gangs(slang)5.vt.U.K.find out about somebody or something:to discover the truth about somebody or something(informal)We’ve been rumbled.6.clean stones or metal:to polish stones or metal in a rotating drum tumbling barrelRumbling n.怨声；（情况恶化的）传闻，风声，隆隆的声音1.rumblings[pl.]remarks that show that people are starting to become annoyed,or that a difficult situation is developing:Rumblings of discontent(n.不满)There have been rumblings about the need for better computers.2.[usually singular]a series of long low soundsWe heard a rumbling behind us.Rumbling adj.发出隆隆声的Making deep sound:making a deep rolling soundRumbling stomachRumble n.隆隆声；怨声1.[singular]a series of long low soundsRumble ofThe low rumble of traffic in the distanceThe distant rumble of gunfire2.murmur of dissatisfaction:a feeling of dissatisfaction quietlyexpressed by several people(informal)3.North American New Zealand street fight:a street fight,especially one fought by members of rival gangs(slang)4.Tumbling(adj.歪斜状的)barrel(n.桶)Rumble seat n.senda老式车上的折叠座椅Folding car seat:a folding passenger seat on the back of some early automobilesRumble strip n.减速带Warning strip on road surface:a strip of textured road surface that alerts divers by vibration(n.振动)or tire noise of an approaching intersection(n.交叉),speed restrictive,or hazardCareen v.（失控地）猛冲，疾驶。
新标准大学英语综合教程1笔记unit2
新标准大学英语综合教程1笔记unit2New Standard College EnglishAn Integrated Course 1Ye Can’s NoteUnit 2 Food, glorious food!Active Reading 1 The First OysterNew Words, Phrases and Expressions1. glorious: wonderful and extremely enjoyable2. oyster: a large flat shellfish. Some types of oyster can be eaten cooked or uncooked and others produce shiny white jewels called pearls.3. "Nonsense, how do you know you don't like it if you haven't tried it," he reasoned. reason: to form a judgement about a situation by considering the facts and thinking in a logical way.She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.4. Just slide it into your mouth.5. I thought the oyster looked rather nasty.nasty: having a bad appearance, smell, taste etc.6. a French seaside resortresort: a place where a lot of people go for holidays7. the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs, prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other.(1) prawn: a shellfish with ten legs and a long tail, that can be eaten. Prawns turn pink when cooked. (BrE: prawn = AmE: shrimp)(2) shellfish: a sea or water animal that does not have a backbone, but has a shell, and can be eaten as food, such as crabs, lobsters, and oysters.8. my father had decided to take me, his ten-year-old son, tolunch, and to mark an important event in my life, as important to my father as coming of age: my first oyster.come of age: reach adult statusHe’ll i nherit the money when he comes of age.9. rock pool: a small pool of water between rocks by the sea. (BrE) (=tide pool AmE)10. juicy bacon sandwichjuicy: containing a lot of juice and good to eatHe ordered a juicy rump steak.11. Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.gloomy: sad and without hope, because you think the situation will not improveI can tell by your gloomy face that the news is bad.12. striking a note of compromiseTo strike a note of something means to speak in a particular manner or tone.compromise: an agreement made between two people or groups in which each side gives up some of the things they want so that both sides are happy at the end13. the clear perception14. On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was a battery of implements used to crack the shells, and scrape out every last piece of meat.(1) discard: get rid of sth. because it is uselessdiscard an old pair of shoes / discard old beliefs(2) a battery of: a group of many things or people of the same typea battery of medical tests(3) implement: a tool or instrument, especially a fairly largeone with no motor, especially one used for outdoor physical work agricultural implements15. He paused every mouthful and raised his glass. Now and then he waved the oyster at me, teasing me to eat it.(1) mouthful: an amount of food or drink that you put into your mouth at one timeHe took a mouthful of sweet country air.I'm so full I couldn't eat another mouthful.handful: the amount of sth that can be held in one handarmful: a quantity that you can carry in one or both arms(2) now and then: at times, occasionally(3) tease: to laugh at someone and make jokes in order to have fun by embarrassing them, either in a friendly way or in an unkind wayShe used to tease me about my hair.16. I just looked at my empty plate in despair.despair: a feeling that you have no hope at all for the future Defeat after defeat filled us with despair.17. a silent tear slid down my cheek.slid: pt of slide18. I knew it was all over.19. I took it between a finger and thumb, and held it to my lips.20. I did as I was told.21. The oyster was slippery.slippery: difficult to hold or to stand on or walk on, because it is smooth, wet or greasy.slippery like a fishThe road was slippery after the rain.22. half smilingKey Words1. portionn.(1) a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other partsThe factory represents only a small portion of the company’s interests.The rent on his portion of the apartment was $500 a month.The front portion of the rocket breaks off.(2) an amount of food for one person, especially when served in a restaurantShe cut the cake into six small portions.a huge portion of roast beefHe served generous portions of soup from the pot.(3) a share of something, such as responsibility, blame, or a duty, that is divided between a small number of people The other driver must bear a portion of the blame for the accident.2. clingv.(1) to stick to someone or something, to fit very tightly on somethingHis wet shirt clung to his body.(2) to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you do not feel safesurvivors clinging to a raftcling to old ideasShe clung to the hope that her son was not dead.3. perceptionn.(1) the way that you notice things with your senses of sight, hearing etcvisual perceptionHis perception of the change came in a flash.(2) the natural ability to understand or notice things quicklyHis analysis of the problem showed great perception.(3) the way you think about something and your idea of what it is likeParents’ views influence their children’s perceptions of the world.public perception of the police / doctorThere is a g eneral public perception that…4. crackvt./vi.to break or to make something break, either so that it gets lines on its surface, or so that it breaks into piecesHe cracked a couple of eggs into a pan.He has cracked a bone in his arm.Don’t put boiling water in the glass or it will crack.Concrete is liable to crack in very cold weather.Her lips were dry and cracked.5. scrapev.(1) to remove something from a surface by moving sth sharp and hard like a knife across itScrape the carrots and slice them thinly.(2) to rub against a rough surface by accident so that it causes slight damage or hurtI must have scraped some of the paint off when I was parking the car.She fell and scraped her knee.Notes1. district / region / vicinity / area，这一组名词都有“区域”的意思。
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综合英语第一、二册词汇分类整理第一册：重点单词+一词多义1．Hand in hand:1. 手拉手2. 紧密相连：Theory and practice must go hand in hand.2．Manner: （注意manner的作单复数时不同的意思）mannered 矫揉造作的；矫饰的；不自然的1．[singular]: 方法；方式：in a/the manner 2. （言行的）方式：aggressive manner; 3. 种类：all manner of sth 各种各样的人（或物）；(as) to the manner born自然而然地；in the manner of= in the style of以…风格3. [plural]: 1.礼貌；规矩：good/bad manners; have no manners= behave badly 没有礼貌2．(某个人群的)风俗；习惯；Middle-class manners3．Appreciation/appreciate1.感激；感谢[U] in appreciation of : The award is given in appreciation of her huge contribution to the film business.2.理解；体会；明白There is a growing appreciation of the need for environmental reform3.欣赏；赏识4. 涨价；增值4. Cherish 1.怀念: cherish the memory of those happy times; 2. 关爱；爱护3. 珍爱；珍视：a cherished dream/hope/memory5. Infectious 1.传染性的2. (心情、行动)有感染力的；有影响力的：His enthusiasm was infectious.6．Jolt 1.震动；颠簸：The bus jolted to a stop. 2.使震惊；使惊醒：The alarm jolted me out of a deep sleep.7. Bolt [n] 1.（门或窗的）金属插销2.螺栓a bolt from/out of the blue:大出意外的事；晴天霹雳[v]（用螺栓）把…钉在一起：bolt sth to sth8. Scramble：1. [i] +over/up/down/out of etc 爬；攀登scramble to your feet 匆匆站起身2[i] 争抢；争夺+for/ scramble to do sth 3.炒蛋：Scrambled eggs9. confidence/confident/confidential1.confidence: 1.信心+in2.信任；信赖+in3.信心；把握4.秘密：gain/g et sb’s confidence 赢得某人的信任；in confidence秘密地；私下里2. confident in the knowledge that：确保You can go out, confident in the knowledge that your house is safe.10. skim :[v]1.撇去（液体面上的浮物）+off : Skim the fat off the soup. 2.(使) 在表面上方快速移动In the distance, water skiers skimmed across/over the bay；The children are skimming stone on the lake. 3.浏览；略读+through11. steer :steer sth away from/towards/into/through etc sth 1. 掌舵；驾驶2.引领；引导3.影响；引导He steered the country through a transitional period to elections；steer sb to victory=help someone win 帮助某人取得成功；steer a course:1.遵循：They tried to steer a middle course between overconfidence and undue pessimism. 2.朝着…前进steer a course for…12．Smash: 1.用力打破；打碎2.粉碎，捣毁（组织等）；击败；击溃：The government would take whatever necessary action to smash the rebellion by separatist guerillas. 13．Bond 1.联系；关系+between: The trade agreement strengthened the bond between the two countries. 2.公债；债券a government/Treasury bond; 3.契约；合同4.（郑重的）许诺；保证：my word is my bond 我的话像契约一样可靠；我一定会履行诺言 5.bonds: 枷锁=shackle；束缚物：She longs to escape from the bonds of children and housework.14.affect 1.影响；身体上的伤害；感情上的打动affecting；震动2. 假装；佯装She affected a look of disinterest as she glanced at his newspaper.15.plague~epidemic/pandemic/:1.瘟疫；传染病2. [singular]普遍的祸害: the plague of violence in America today 3. (动物或昆虫)无限制的大量滋长；泛滥：A plague of journalists surrounded around the superstar. [vt]:给…造成长期的灾祸；长期困扰：The children plagued him with questions.16.conformist 1.[adj] 墨守成规的；因循守旧的2.[n]墨守成规的人，因循守旧的人17. distinction 1.差别；不同make/dra w a distinction between… 2.优秀；卓越；杰出：of (great) distinction; He is a writer of high distinction. 3.声誉；特征；特点;Have/hold/gain the distinction of : She holds the distinction of being the first woman editor of the Harvard Law Review.18.distinct 1.不同的；单独的：They were classified into two distinct groups; as distinct from: The Company, as distinct from its shareholders, should be liable for any debts. 2.清晰的；清楚的；明显的：As dawn broke, the outline of a building became distinct against the sky. 3.[usually before noun]确实的；显著的：I had the distinct impression that he did not like me.19.stature 1.身高He will be taller than his father when he reaches his full stature. 2. 名望；威望: Gain/grow/rise in stature20. fragment 1.[n]碎片:fragments of glass 2.[v]（使）破碎；（使）分裂Fragmentation（含抽象意味）;[n]破碎；破裂；分裂~ of the Soviet Union21．Polar 1.极地的2.截然不同的：The novel deals with the polar opposites of the love and hate.22.integrate1.使融入；使打成一片：integrate sb into sth 2.使结合；使成为一体:integrate sth into/with sth 3.使取消种族隔离Integrated:融合的；整体的；综合的；互相协调的~team 2.无种族隔离的Integration 1. 融合；融入：+into 2.种族融合：the ~ of school 3.结合；融合；整合：+of/with/intoIntegrity 1.正直；诚实：maintain/preserve your integrity; question/doubt sb’s integrity; professional/artistic/political integrity 2.完整；完全：defend the new state’s territori al integrity23.spectrum 1.系列；范围；幅度wide/broad spectrum=a large range: The course covers a wide spectrum of musical activity from opera to rock 2. 光谱3. 频率24.capacity 1.能力;：capacity to do/for sth；2.身份in a professional/personal/advisory etc capacity；in your capacity as :I attended in my capacity as chairman of the safety committee.3.容量；容积；容纳力1.The seating capacity of the theater is 5,000. 2.The hall was filled/full to capacity.25.discipline [n]1.纪律；惩罚：Impose discipline/maintain discipline 2.自控能力；自制力：Their attention wandered and they lacked the discipline to learn. 3.训练方法：Studyinga foreign language is a good discipline for mind. 4.（尤指大学的）学科；科目[v]1.惩罚；处罚：The strikers were disciplined by management. 2.discipline yourself:约束自己26.conscious:1.意识到；注意到~ of doing sth/~that 2.神志清醒的；有知觉的3.慎重的；有意的；刻意的~decision/effort 4.特别感兴趣的；关注的：Environmentally-conscious27.refine: 1. 精炼；提纯：refined sugar 2. 改善；改进；使精炼：refine one’s manners28.reflection；1. 映像：He admired his reflection in the mirror. 2. （声、光、热等的）反射3. 反映；显示；表达：The increase in crime is a sad reflection on（=shows sth bad about）our society. 4.沉思；深思；审慎的思考：She decided on reflection to accept his offer after all.29. induce : 1. 劝说；诱使induce sb to do sth 2.引起；导致=cause or produce, result in, bring about, entail : Drugs which induce sleep30. Persist 1. 顽强地坚持；执着地做~ in sth/in doing sth/with sth ; 2.维持；保持；持续；存在：If the pain persists, consult a doctor.31．Vision 1.视力；视野：good/perfect/poor/blurred/normal vision; 2.想象；幻想3. 想象力；眼力；远见卓识=foresight: a leader of foresight Visionary 1.有眼力的；远见卓识的2. 梦幻的；（尤指）宗教异象的；神示的32．Vain≈futile1. 徒劳的；枉然的；in the vain hope/in a vain attempt to do/in vain; 2.自负的；自视过高的: She is too vain to wear glasses.33. Given : 1.[adj]已经安排好的；规定的：They were to meet at a given time and place. Be given to sth/to doing sth: 经常做；习惯于；2.[prep]考虑到；鉴于Given his age, he is remarkably active. Given that: It was surprising the government was re-elected, given that they had raised taxes so much.34. moral [adj]1. 道德的：a moral issue/dilemma/question 2.道义上的；道德上的：moral responsibility/duty 3.品行端正的；有道德的4.能辨别是非的：Children are not naturally moral beings. Take/claim/seize the moral high ground声称自己的论点在道义上占优势[n]1.品行；道德2. 寓言：The moral of the fable is that honesty is always the best policy.35. scarcely [adv]1.几乎不：I can ~ believe what’s hap pened. 2.才；仅仅:We had~ driven a mile when the car broke down. 3.决不；一定不:I can scarcely refuse to help after all he’s done for me.36.conviction 1.定罪；判罪：previous conviction; 2.坚定的信仰；信念；3.深信；确信：lack conviction（缺乏信心）；not carry conviction（没有说服力）37. nest 1.鸟巢2.+of 一套；一组: a nest of table38. off 1.离开；走开：be off/be off to; off/on course 偏离/在正确航线；航向2.从…（顶部或表面）离开：keep/stay off the grass 3.不上课；不工作；休息：be off 4.off and on/on and off 有时；间或；断断续续39．Distant 1. 在远处的：in the not too distant future:在不久的将来；Distant memory 遥远的记忆；the dim and distant past:很久以前；遥远的过去；Keep a respectful distance 敬而远之；2疏远的；不友好的；冷淡的； 3. 恍惚的；心不在焉的；4.远亲的；远房的 a distant relative40.somehow:1.以某种方法：somehow or other:不管怎么样；2.由于某种未知的原因41．Lean 1.清瘦而健康的；2.倚靠：lean against/on sth 3.有（选择或支持某事物的）倾向:lean in the direction of sth; lean on sb 依靠某人；leaning towards对…的倾向；爱好；偏爱42．Extend 1.提供；给予；（向某人）表示（欢迎、感谢、同情）extend sth to sth 2.涉及（范围；延伸（距离）延续（时间）；Rain is expected to extend to all parts of the country. The desert extends for miles.Extension/extent: 1.This kidnapping shows an _extension_ of terrorist activity to innocent children. 2. This kidnapping shows the _extent_ of terrorist activity which has got innocent children involved.43. Identify: 1.indentify sb as sth:1.辨认；确认;2.是…的标志；显示出；2.identify with sb体会（某人）的思想感情；理解并同情（某人）的感受：He didn’t seem to be able to identify with ordinary people and their aspirations. 3.be identified with sb/sth把某人或某物联系在一起4.identify sth with sth 认为…和…一致；将…等同于44.ground [v]1.使飞机停飞；船只搁浅；2. 罚…呆在家里His parents grounded him for two weeks for smoking.3.使决定、想法建立在…之上，基于：be grounded in/on sth [n]4.理由；原因：on the grounds of: She is suing the company on the ground of unfair dismissal.45.sway [v]1.摇动；摇摆2.影响某人；使改变看法：Sway sb into doing sth 3.[n]hold sway :1.（对人们的观点或行为）有巨大的影响力；2.控制某个区域under sb’s sway:在某人的控制或统治下46．Smear：1.（胡乱地）涂，抹：be smeared with sth 2.玷污；诽谤：≈slur/smash/malign47．Facility 1.[通常用复数]（房间、设备等）设施；2.（工具、制度等的）特点：Have the facility to do sth : The software has the facility to produce high-quality graphics displays.3.（用作某种用途的）区，大楼；4.[单数/U]天赋;技能；技巧：He has a facility for languages.[注]：facility作单数时指场所；作复数时指设施。