浙江省高考英语第三部分写作导练案第三讲概要写作练习

李仕才

典例展示

(2016·浙江高考样题)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing.However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.

In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in.A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths.By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom.So did the King of England in 1546.Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way.Henry Ⅳ，King of France，was famously dirty.Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the King ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out.

Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long－lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century.Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health.Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease.Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War Ⅱ.Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: Clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine.Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many first－time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter(后者) position is gaining some ground.

【参考范文】

People have mixed opinions about dirt on our skin.(要点1) For a long time in history，people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.(要点2) However，people began to change their attitudes towards dirt about 200 years ago.People have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy.(要

点3) Yet，some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system.(要点4)

思路导航

一、审题

体裁议论文

人称第三人称

时态一般现在时和一般过去时为主

要点1.第一段“However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.”是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点。

2.第二段主要谈论的是在16世纪，人们认为“dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease”。

3.第三段用“Though”引出人们对dirt观点的转变“...since the 18th century.Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health.”

4.最后一段“On the contrary”引出专家的观点，免疫学家认为dirt有助于增强免疫系统。

二、要点分析

1．文章第一段就是本篇文章的主题句，亮明了总的观点：“However，there is nothing fixed about att itudes to dirt.”换句话说：“Different people have different attitudes towards dirt.”再结合下文谈到的主题可知“Different people have different attitudes towards dirt on the skin.”范文中的要点1“People have mixed opinions towards dirt on our skin.”概括非常精练。

2．第二段主要谈到了在16世纪，人们认为“dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease”尤以英、法两国的贵族为代表。结合第三段第一句“Though the belief in the merit(好处) of dirt was long－lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18 century.”可知，直到18世纪之前，人们都认为dirt是很“友好的”，有助于预防疾病。范文中的要点2“For a lo ng time in history，people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.”很好地总结了这些要点。