一个全面掌握动词短语的记忆方法

动词是词类乃至整个语法的的重点，其中动词短语更是英语学习的重点及难点，同时也是高考的考点，在各种题型中均为超高频出现在试题中，下面根据动词后的小品词

（up,down,in,out,on,off,over,away）所涵盖的意思，总结动词短语的规律，以便在英语学习中达到汉语中‘识字不识字，先识半个字’的境界。具体：

1，在每个部分找出自己最熟悉或者最理解的短语，并根据该短语助记总体意思；

2，熟记动词本身所具有的全部意思；

3，重点根据小品词在该项中的总体意思结合动词本身的意思，理解自己最不理解和不熟悉的短语；

4，脱离汉语，只看英语动词短语，并放到具体句子和场景中认识动词短语；

5，目标是做到以后见到听到认识，举一反三，最终能够自己主动的自由运用于写作！

6，注意有些短语意义很接近,这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法。

1.up

1)向上（toward or into a higher position）

lift climb come stand pick draw grow hand put send rise look zip hold pile dig take build set

lift~举起climb~爬上come~上升get~起来stand~站起来pick~检起draw~升起grow~长大hand~拖起put~举起send~使上升rise~升起look~抬起头zip~拉上hold~举起pile~堆起dig~挖出take~拿起build~树立set~建立

2)完成，结束(expressing completeness and finality)

finish drink eat burn wash use fill pay settle lick sum open end let draw close swallow beat cover break wind

finish~完成drink~喝干eat~吃光burn~烧光wash~洗净use~用光fill~装满pay~付清settle~解决lick~舔净sum~总结，open~透露end~结束let~中止,减少draw~停止close~停止，关闭swallow~吞没beat~痛打cover~掩盖break~结束，分解wind~结束

3)离开，消灭(expressing separation and destroy)

Break cut split divide smash blow wither tear give fold dry crack clutter litter

break~拆开，驱散cut~切碎split~分裂divide~分割smash~捣毁blow~炸毁wither~枯死tear~撕碎give~放弃fold~垮台dry~枯竭，干涸crack~撞坏clutter~使散乱litter~乱丢杂物

4)增加，变强(to a state of greater activity,force,strength,power and degree) Tip：增加是数量上的增加，变强是程度上的变强。

mount pick turn shake steam stir ease warm speak heat total tense gather speed screw build show cheer stir work

(1).mount~增加pick~振作，加快pluck~振作turn~开打，开大,出现shake~震惊steam~使发怒stir~激起，搅起ease~放松warm~兴奋speak~大声说heat~变热total~加总tense~紧张gather~收集speed~加速screw~振作build~增大show~显现cheer~振作起来stir~刺激work~激动，刺激

(2).用在带"-en"后缀的动词后（used after the verbs with suffix of-en）

brighten fatten freshen harden sharpen smarten strengthen sweeten tighten toughen soften

brighten~发亮fatten~发胖freshen~使新鲜harden~变硬sharpen~变快smarten~变精明strengthen~加强sweeten~变甜tighten~使紧密toughen~使强壮soften~变软

5).变好，改善(as to be better and proper)

bring check clear clean do patch polish light tune tidy rub train make buy figure fix take

bring~抚育check~核对clear~清理，晴天clean~整理do~整理patch~修理polish~擦亮,改进light~点亮tune~调整tidy~整理rub~擦亮train~训练，培养make~化装,和解,弥补buy~囤积figure~计算fix~修理,整理take~从事

6)关住，锁紧，固定住(firmly,tightly and closely)

shut lock tie chain nail fasten pin bind bar block choke save store stock cover wrap lay hold keep

shut~关闭lock~锁住tie~栓住chain~锁住nail~钉住fasten~系住pin~钉住bind~装订bar~关住block~堵塞choke~堵塞save~存起来store~贮藏stock~储存cover~掩盖wrap~包住lay~储存hold~延误keep~坚持

7)向说话人的方向（to the place where the speaker is）

go~run~rush~drive~walk~catch~swim~march~come~

2.down

1)向下的位置（to or into a lower position）

Cast cut get hand knock lay let pour pull set sit step throw turn take blow bring hang sink slip squat swallow stoop splash touch bend bow kneel Lie strip

cast~扔下cut~砍倒get~下来hand~传下来knock~撞倒lay~放下let~放下pour~倾盆而下pull~拉下set~放下sit~坐下step~走下来throw~扔下turn~拆下take~取下blow~吹倒bring~打倒hang~垂下sink~沉落slip~失足squat~蹲下swallow~吞下stoop~伏身splash~飞溅而下touch~降落bend~弯下bow~鞠躬kneel~跪下lie~躺下strip~脱下

2)减少（强度，量和体积）(a decrease in intensity,amount,bulk)

Dwindle die go mark hold burn slow burn wash clean rub bring keep trim water thin run wear come knock

dwindle~减少die~变弱，逐渐停止go~平静下来mark~削减hold~压低burn~(火)减弱,烧坏slow~慢下来burn~烧掉wash~冲淡clean~弄干净rub~擦干净bring~降低keep~缩减trim~裁减water~冲淡thin~减少run~用光衰弱wear~削减，磨损come~下跌knock~降价

3)停止，减弱(to a state of less activity,force,strength and power)

Close drop break run settle cool turn die lay put