英语4级模拟试题1(1)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题(附答案)
大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。
四级模拟考试题库及答案
四级模拟考试题库及答案一、听力部分1. A) The man is going to the cinema.B) The woman is going to the cinema.C) Both are going to the cinema.D) Neither is going to the cinema.答案：C2. A) The woman is a teacher.B) The man is a teacher.C) The woman is a student.D) The man is a student.答案：A3. A) The woman is satisfied with the meal.B) The man is satisfied with the meal.C) Both are satisfied with the meal.D) Neither is satisfied with the meal.答案：D二、阅读部分1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of sleep.B) The effects of sleep deprivation.C) The benefits of taking a nap.D) The relationship between sleep and health.答案：B2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a symptom of sleep deprivation?A) Difficulty in concentrating.B) Increased appetite.C) Irritability.D) Enhanced creativity.答案：D3. What does the author suggest to improve sleep quality?A) Exercising regularly.B) Drinking coffee before bedtime.C) Watching TV in bed.D) Taking a hot bath before sleep.答案：A三、写作部分1. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Role of Technology in Education". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：略2. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Impact of Social Media on Communication". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：略四、翻译部分1. 随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案
大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。
2. 需要花时间去选择职业。
3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。
Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the nextcentury.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. Hefears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “t here will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 millionpeople a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?［A］The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.［B］Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.［C］Government planners over-pumped its water.［D］High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects .［A］does more good than harm［B］solves more problems than what they created［C］does more harm than good［D］brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include .［A］population growth and water waste［B］water pollution and dry weather［C］water waste and pollution［D］population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?［A］living in rich areas［B］living in big cities but poor condition［C］depending on groundwater［D］bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries?［A］Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.［B］Raw sewage into rivers and streams.［C］Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.［D］Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?［A］By covering the whole surface of the water.［B］By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.［C］By living more rapidly than other life in water .［D］By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?［A］government and housewives.［B］farmers and manufacturers.［C］ordinary people and manufacturers.［D］government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.［A］Wait for the sale to start.［B］Get further information about the sale.［C］Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.［D］Buy a new suit.12.［A］He doesn’t think that John is ill.［B］He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.［C］He is aware that John is ill.［D］He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.13.［A］Before six.［B］At six.［C］After six.［D］After seven.14.［A］It is bigger.［B］It has a prettier color.［C］It has a larger yard.［D］It is brighter.15.［A］Australian and American.［B］Guest and host.［C］Husband and wife.［D］Professor and student.16.［A］1∶30.［B］11∶00.［C］9∶30.［D］10∶00.17.［A］He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late. ［B］He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.［C］He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.［D］He prefers traveling with the woman.18.［A］He thinks she should visit her cousin. ［B］Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.［C］Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.［D］He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.［A］Two different types of bones in the human body.［B］How bones help the body move.［C］How bones continuously repair themselves.［D］The chemical composition of human bones.20.［A］They defend the bone against viruses.［B］They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.［C］They break down bone tissue.［D］They connect the bone to muscle tissue.21.［A］They have difficulty identifying these cells.［B］They aren’t sure how these cells work.［C］They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.［D］They’ve found similar cells in other species.22.［A］To learn how to prevent a bone disease.［B］To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.［C］To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.［D］To create artificial bone tissue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.［A］A new fuel for buses.［B］The causes of air pollution.［C］A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.［D］Careers in environmental engineering.24.［A］Her car is being repaired. ［B］She wants to help reduce pollution.［C］Parking is difficult in the city.［D］The cost of fuel has increased.25.［A］A fuel that burns cleanly.［B］An oil additive that helps cool engines.［C］A material from which filters are made.［D］An insulating material sprayed on engine partsSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.［A］From three to five months.［B］Three months. ［C］Five months.［D］Four months.27.［A］Watch traffic.［B］Obey commands.［C］Cross streets safely.［D］Guard the door.28.［A］Three weeks. ［B］Two weeks. ［C］Four weeks. ［D］Five weeks.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.［A］Two to four times.［B］Four to six times.［C］Four to eight times.［D］Six to ten times.30.［A］Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.［B］People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.［C］People became angry easily because they didn’t take sleeping pills.［D］Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.31.［A］People dream so as to sleep better.［B］People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.［C］Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.［D］Because in their dreams they may find the answers to their problems.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.［A］A sales representative.［B］A store manager.［C］A committee chairperson.［D］A class president.33.［A］To determine who will graduate this year.［B］To discuss the seating arrangement.［C］To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.［D］To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.34.［A］Their names, phone numbers and job preference.［B］The names and addresses of their guests.［C］The names of the committee they worked on last year.［D］Their dormitory name, address and phone number.35.［A］In an hour.［B］Next week.［C］In one month.［D］Next year.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the English (36)system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37) at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)or (39) shown on the eleven-plus would have (40)if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)for the Ordinary (43)of the General Certificate of Education. (44). Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45). Evenat the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46).Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking placeswere51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car drivingcustomers52 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls,53 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54areas to outlying malls. And the growing55of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 56 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.［A］designed ［F］convenience ［K］cosmetics［B］take ［G］services ［L］started［C］heart ［H］fame ［M］downtown［D］needed ［I］various ［N］available ［C］though ［H］popularity ［M］cheapnessSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalizationis a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptanceor rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness. Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?［A］All international managers can learn culture.［B］Business diversity is not necessary.［C］Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.［D］Most people do not know foreign culture well.58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi.［A］is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around ［B］is different from the model of McDonald’s［C］shows the reverse of globalization［D］has converged cultural differences59.The two schools of thought.［A］both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures［B］both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries ［C］admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world［D］both A and B60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those.［A］who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity［B］who have connections to more than one type of culture［C］who want to travel abroad［D］who want to run business on International Scale61.According to Fortune, successful international companies.［A］earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas［B］all have the quality of patience［C］will follow the overseas local cultures［D］adopt the policy of internationalizationPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speedof the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.62.The passage is mainly concerned with .［A］the different tastes of people for sports［B］the different characteristics of sports［C］the attraction of football［D］the attraction of baseball63.Those who don’t like baseball may complain that. ［A］it is only to the taste of the old［B］it involves fewer players than football［C］it is not exciting enough［D］it is pretentious and looks funny64.The author admits that.［A］baseball is too peaceful for the young［B］baseball may seem boring when watched on TV［C］football is more attracting than baseball［D］baseball is more interesting than football65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence).［A］the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game［B］even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result［C］the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well［D］the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it66.We can safely conclude that the author.［A］likes football［B］hates football［C］hates baseball［D］likes baseballPart Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Who won the WorldCup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play?67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to69 the news. Newspapers have one basic70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication.73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the74and thus the efficiency of their own operations.Today more newspapers are75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers77 and influence readers about politics and othe r important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’economic choices78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very79 . Newspapers are sold at a price that80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The82in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends84on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment85 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper ’ s value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.67.［A］Just when［B］While［C］Soon after［D］Before68.［A］to give［B］giving［C］given［D］being given69.［A］gather［B］spread［C］carry［D］bring70.［A］reason［B］cause［C］problem［D］purpose71.［A］make［B］publish［C］know［D］write72.［A］another［B］other［C］one another［D］the other73.［A］However［B］And［C］Therefore［D］So74.［A］value［B］ratio［C］rate［D］speed75.［A］spread［B］passed［C］printed［D］completed76.［A］inform［B］be informed［C］to informed［D］informed77.［A］entertain［B］encourage［C］educate［D］edit78.［A］on［B］through［C］with［D］of79.［A］forms［B］existence［C］contents［D］purpose80.［A］tries to cover［B］manages to cover［C］fails to cover［D］succeeds in81.［A］source ［B］origin［C］course［D］finance82.［A］way［B］means［C］chance ［D］success83.［A］measures［B］measured［C］is measured［D］was measured84.［A］somewhat ［B］little［C］much［D］something85.［A］offering［B］offered［C］which offered［D］to be offered86.［A］by ［B］with［C］at［D］aboutPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (想找麻烦).88.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).89.(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).参考答案及解析Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。
(完整版)英语专业四级模拟试卷(1)(可编辑修改word版)
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS—GRADE FOUR—MODEL TEST ONEPART I DICTATION [10 MIN] Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at the task on the ANSWER SHEETONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure what you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now, listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to check your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section, you will hear two conversations. At the end of the conversion, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation OneQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Conversation One.1. A. A two-storied and four-bedroom house located in a small town.B.A town house with two floors, two bedrooms, and four bedrooms.C.A two-bedroom town house with four bathrooms, two floors.D.A two-storied house located in a street with an area of 1080m2 .2. A. $ 250,000.B. $ 260,000.C. $ 253,000.D. $ 263,000.3. A. His credit score is of average level.B.His credt score is of advanved level.C.He pays on time occasionally.D.He keeps records of the credit.4. A. His gross monthly income is sufficient.B.His preference of a moderate life of loan.C.The interest of the 30-year one is beyong his capacity.D.His unwillingness to pay much money.5. A. Credit.B.Life of the loan.C.Bank policy.D.Income.Conversation TwoQuestions 6 to 10 are based on Conversation Two.6. A. When you want to save more money.B.When you want to get a discount.C.When the gift is on your shopping list.D.When the gift is worth the money.7. A. Limit 1.B.Limit 3.C.Limit 5.D.Limit 6.8. A. If I buy the goods, I will save more money.B.If I don’t buy the goods, there will be no such goods.C.If I buy the goods, I will get a free gift.D.If I don’t buy the goods, they will raise the price.9. A. In order to let you conpare prices when buying.B.In order to let you ignore the high price.C.In order to let you buy things in advance.D.In order to let you wait to buy some better things.10. A. “Stay focused” are the key words when shopping.B.Kellt Grant tells us to make a shopping list and check it twice when shopping.C.Kelly Grant recommends the “shop now, save later” shopping way.D.Coupons are the things that the stores want you to come back again.PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [10 MIN]There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.11.Among the sentences below, it is sentence that denotes “future of present cause”.A.The hugely successful British boy band will split soon.B.The hugely successful British boy band may be splitting soon.C.The hugely successful British boy band is going to split soon.D.The hugely successful British boy band is splitting soon.12.The following determiners can be used with uncountable nouns EXCEPT .A.heaps ofB.lots ofC.umpteenD.quantities of13.Which of the italicized parts indicates CONTRAST?A.Mr White is principal of the school, and an expert in translation.B.He is not man enough, and that’s all.C.Jack grew wheat on his farm during the day, and he studied astrnomy at night.D.He didn’t stay up late, and he was tardy for school.14.There was a storm I had never experienced before.A.such asB.as whichC.with whichD.for such15.This rule to everyone who for the post.A.will apply… will applyB.applies… will applyC.will apply… appliesD.applies…. is applying16.Who in but the President himself!A.is comingB.should comeC.cameD.has come17.Which of the following prepositional phrases can function as an adverbial?A.I don’t want a book with a torn cover.B.The grass was wet with rain.C.It is in bad taste to boost.D.Between four and six will suit me.18.Though the young lady was very pretty and gracious, she was none happier for her beauty.A.theB.muchC.moreD.enough19.Which of the following best explains the meaning of “Shall my daughter do your shopping for you?”A.Do you agree to my daughter doing your shopping for you?B.Are you willing to let my daughter do your shopping for you?C.Do you want my daughter to do your shopping for you?D.Am I willing to let my daughter do your shopping for you?20.There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, they can limit how much water you drink.A.norB.no more thanC.not more thanD.any more than21.Harry took a of his drink and then put the glass down.A.tasteB.lickC.mouthD.sip22.As he made no to our quarrel, I assumed he had forgiven me.A.referenceB.statementmentD.mention23.At the casualty department my brother had his injury .A.curedB.healedC.relievedD.treated24.In the majority of cases, this is a vital operation.A.tremendousB.handsomeC.broadD.wide25.caused the accident has not yet been found.A.WhatB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Which26.What happens to her? She’s been behaving very strange late.A.byB.ofC.forD.till27.My young brother has really gotten under my skin. The underlined part means .A.made me angryB.made me tiredC.made me excitedD.made me annoyed28.—I’m glad to see you looking so well.—Yes, I feel as as a fiddle.A.wellB.fitC.fineD.fresh29.The local wine is rather rough, but you’ll soon a taste for it!A.receiveB.adoptC.acquireD.accept30.The rays of the morning sun begin to shine through windows, casting a glow ofgold over the landscape.A.carved antique woodenB.antique carved woodenC.antique wooden carvedD.wooden antique carvedPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blank. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.Painting, the execution of forms and shapes on a surface by means of (31) , has been continuously practiced by humans for some 20,000 years. Together with other activities that may have been (32) in origin but have come to be designated as artistic such as music or dance, painting was one of the earliest ways in which man (33) to express his own personality and his (34) understanding of an existence beyond the material world. Unlike music and dance, however, examples of early forms of painting have survived to the present day. The modern eye can derive aesthetic as well as antiquarian satisfaction from the 15,000-year-old- cave murals of Lascaux-- some examples (35) to the considerable powers of draftsmanship of these early artists. And painting, unlike other arts, exhibits universal qualities that make it easy for viewers of all nations and civilizations to understand and appreciate.The major (36) examples of early painting anywhere in the world are found in Western Europe and the Soviet Union. But some 5,000 years ago, the areas in which important paintings were executed (37) to the eastern Mediterranean Sea and neighboring regions. Therefore, Western shared a European cultural tradition the Middle East and Mediterranean Basin and, later, the countries of the New World.Western painting is (38) distinguished by its concentration on the representation of the human (39) , whether in the heroic context of antiquity or the religious context of the early Christian and medieval world. The Renaissance extended this tradition through a(n) (40) examination of the natural world and an investigation of balance, harmony, and perspectives in the visible world, linking painting to the developing sciences of anatomy and optics.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MUTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by ten multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEGiven the lack of fit between gifted students and their schools, it is not surprising that such students often have little good to say about their school experience. In one study of 400 adults who had achieved distinction in all areas of life, researchers found that three-fifths of these individuals either did badly in school or were unhappy in school. Few MacArthur Prize fellows, winners of the MacArthur Award for creative accomplishment, had good things to say about their precollegiate schooling if they had not been placed in advanced programs.Anecdotal reports support this. Pablo Picasso, Charles Darwin, Mark Twain, Oliver Goldsmith, and William Butler Yeats all disliked school. So did Winston Churchill, who almost failed out of Harrow, an elite British school. About Oliver Goldsmith, one of his teachers remarked, "Never was so dull a boy. " Often these children realize that they know more than their teachers, and their teachers often feel that these children are arrogant, inattentive, or unmotivated.Some of these gifted people may have done poorly in school because their gifts were not scholastic. Maybe we can account for Picasso in this way. But most fared poorly in school not because they lacked ability but because they found school unchallenging and consequently lost interest. Yeats described the lack of fit between his mind and school: "Because I had found it difficult to attend to anything less interesting than my own thoughts, I was difficult to teach."As noted earlier, gifted children of all kinds tend to be strong-willed nonconformists. Nonconformity and stubbornness (and Yeats's level of arrogance and self-absorption) are likely to lead to Conflicts with teachers.When highly gifted students in any domain talk about what was important to the development of their abilities, they are far more likely to mention their families than their schools or teachers. A writing prodigy studied by David Feldman and Lynn Goldsmith was taught far more about writing by his journalist father than his English teacher. High-IQ children, in Australia studied by Miraca Gross had much more positive feelings about their families than their schools. About half of the mathematicians studied by Benjamin Bloom had little good to say about school. They all did well in school and took honors classes when available, and some skipped grades.41.The author quotes the remarks of one of Oliver Goldsmith's teachers .A．to provide support for his argument.B.to illustrate the strong will of some gifted children.C.to explain how dull students can also be successful.D.to show how poor Oliver's performance was at school.42.Pablo Picasso is listed among the many gifted children who .A．paid no attention to their teachers in class.B.contradicted their teachers much too often.C.could not cope with their studies at school successfully.D.behaved arrogantly and stubbornly in the presence of their teachers.43.Many gifted people attributed their success .A．mainly to parental help and their education at home.B.both to school instruction and to their rparents' coaching.C.more to their parents' encouragement than to school training.D.less to their systematic education than to their talent.PASSAGE TWOA controversy erupted in the scientific community in early 1998 over the use of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid ) fingerprinting in criminal investigations. DNA fingerprinting was introduced in 1987 as a method to identify individuals based on a pattern seen in their DNA, the molecule of which genes are made. DNA is present in every cell of the body except red blood cells. DNA fingerprinting has been used successfully in various ways, such as to determine paternity where it is not clear who the father of a particular child is. However, it is in the area of criminal investigations that DNA fingerprinting has potentially powerful and controversial uses.DNA fingerprinting and other DNA analysis techniques have revolutionized criminal investigations by giving investigators powerful new tools in the attempt to trove guilt, not just establish innocence. When used in criminal investigations, a DNA fingerprint pattern from a suspect is compared with a DNA fingerprint pattern obtained from such material as hairs or blood found at the scene of a crime. A match between the two DNA samples can be used as evidence to convict a suspect.The controversy in 1998 stemmed form a report published in December 1991 by population geneticists Richard C. Lewontin of Harvard University in Cambridge, Mass., and Daniel L. Hartl called into question the methods to calculate how likely it is that a match between two DNA fingerprints might occur by chance alone. In particular, they argued that the current method cannot properly determine the likelihood that two DNA samples will match because they came from the same individual rather than simply from two different individuals who are members of the same ethnic group. Lewontin and Hartl called for better surveys of DNA patterns methods are adequate.In response to their criticisms, population geneticists Ranajit Chakraborty of the University of Texas in Dallas and Kenneth K.Kidd of Yale University in New Haven, Conn., argued that enough data are already available to show that the methods currently being used are adequate. In January 1998, however, the federal Bureau of Investigation and laboratories that conduct DNA tests announced that they would collect additional DNA samples form various ethnic groups in an attempt to resolve some of these questions. And, in April, a National Academy of Sciences called for strict standards and system of accreditation for DNA testing laboratories.44.Before DNA fingerprinting is used, suspects .A.would have to leave their fingerprints for further investigationsB.would have to submit evidence for their innocenceC.could easily escape conviction of guiltD.could be convicted of guilt as well45.The attitude of the Federal Bereau of Investigation shows that .A.e nough data are yet to be collected form various ethnic groups to confirm the unlikelihoodof two DNA samples coming from two individual membersB.enough data of DNA samples should be collected to confirm that only DNA samples formthe same person can matchC.e nough data are yet to be collected from various ethnic groups to determine the likelihood oftwo different DNA samples coming form the same personD.a dditional samples from various ethnic groups should be collected to determine that twoDNA samples are unlikely to come from the same person46.The National Academy of Sciences holds the stance that .A.DNA testing should be systematizedB.only authorized laboratories can conduct DNA testingC.it is authorized to work out standards for testingD.it has the right to accredit laboratories for DNA testingPASSAGE THREEA few months ago I was nominated for Governor of the great State of New York, to run against Stewart L. Woodford and John T. Hoffman, on an independent ticket. I somehow felt that I had one prominent advantage over these gentlemen, and that was, good character. It was easy to see by the newspapers, that if ever they had known what it was to bear a good name, that time had gone by. It was plain that in these latter years they had become familiar with all manner of shameful crimes. But at the very moment that I was exalting my advantage and joying in it in secret, there was a muddy undercurrent of discomfort "riling" the deeps of my happiness -- and that was, the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people.But after all, I could not recede. I was fully committed and must go on with the fight. As I was looking listlessly over the papers at breakfast, I came across this paragraph, and I may truly say I never was so confounded before:PERJURY. -- Perhaps, now that Mr. Mark Twain is before the people as a candidate for Governor, he will condescend to explain how he came to be convicted of perjury by thirty-four witnesses, in Wakawak, Cochin China, in 1863, the intent of which perjury was to rob a poor native widow and her helpless family of a meagre plantain patch, their only stay and support in their bereavement and their desolation. Mr. Twain owes it to himself, as well as to the great people whose suffrages he asks, to clear this matter up. Will he do it?I thought I should burst with amazement! Such a cruel, heartless charge -- I never had seen Cochin China! I never had beard of Wakawak! I didn't know a plantain patch from a kangaroo! I did not know what to do. I was crazed and helpless. I let the day slip away without doing anything at all.[Mem. -- During the rest of the campaign this paper never referred to me in any other way than as "the infamous perjurer Twain."]Next came the "Gazette," with this:WANTED TO KNOW. -- Will the new candidate for Governor deign to explain to certain of his fellow-citizens (who are suffering to vote for him!) the little circumstance of his cabin-mates in Montana losing small valuables from time to time, until at last, these things having been invariably found on Mr. Twain's person or in his "trunk" (newspaper he rolled his traps in), they felt compelled to give him a friendly admonition for his own good, and so tarred and featheredhim and rode him on a rail, and then advised him to leave a permanent vacuum in the place he usually occupied in the camp. Will he do this?Could anything be more deliberately malicious than that? For I never was in Montana in my life. [After this, this journal customarily spoke of me as "Twain, the Montana Thief."]I got to pick up papers apprehensively -- much as one would lift a desired blanket which he had some idea might have a rattlesnake under it.By this time anonymous letters were getting to be an important part of my mail matter. This form was common:How about that old woman you kicked of...Shortly the principal Republican journal "convicted" me of wholesale bribery, and the leading Democratic paper "nailed" an aggravated case of blackmailing to me.[In this way I acquired two additional names: "Twain, the Filthy Corruptionist," and "Twain, the Loathsome Embracer."]There was no possible way of getting out of it, and so, in deep humiliation, I set about preparing to "answer" a mass of baseless charges and mean and wicked falsehoods. But I never finished the task, for the very next morning a paper came out with a new horror, a fresh malignity, and seriously charged me with burning a lunatic asylum with all its inmates, because it obstructed the view from my house. This threw me into a sort of panic. And at last, as a due and fitting climax to the shameless persecution that party rancor had inflicted upon me, nine little toddling children of all shades of color and degrees of raggedness were taught to rush on to the platform at a public meeting and clasp me around the legs and call me PA!I gave up. I hauled down my colors and surrendered. I was not equal to the requirements of a Gubernatorial campaign in the State of New York, and so I sent in my withdrawal from the candidacy, and in bitterness of spirit signed it,"Truly yours,"Once a decent man, but now MARK TWAIN, I. P., M. T., B. S., D. T., F. C., and L. E."47.According to Para.1, Twain felt uncomfortable probably because .A.he was afraid that his good fame would be blackenedB.he felt reluctant to associate with the evil peopleC.it brought no honor to the victor in an unequal contestD.it was too late to recede from a problematic competiton48.The Gazatte accused Twain of .A.throwing away his friend’s belongingsB.making a practical joke of his enemiesC.stealing and hiding a mate’s precious stuffD.occupying the camp of another person49.To injure Twain’s reputation, his rivals tried all the following EXCEPT .A.media disinformationB.letters if false accusationC.anonymous blackmailsD.humiliation in publicSECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section, there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE50.What makes gifted students often have little good to say about their school experience?PASSAGE TWO51.What is the main idea of the passage?PASSAGE THREE52.What does the word “ apprehensively” probably mean in Para.10?53.What may be the title for the passage?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]Read carefully the following excerpt, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 200 words, in which you should:·summarize the main message of the excerpt, and then·comment on whether surveillance cameras are beneficial or not.You should support yourself with information from the excerpt.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your response on ANSWER SHEET THREE.——THE END ——ANSWER SHEET 1PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONCoral ReefsI.Coral reefs facing a precarious situation1)Warmer oceans due to (1)2)Death of corals: Temperatures rise (2) than average summer maximum3)Reasons why coals die at high temperatures: (3) between corals and algae destroyed. II.New study on corals in the Persian Gulf1)Phenomenon:Algae there can bear as hot as (4)2)Findings:A.Algae inside the Persian Gulf corals is (5)B.Survival of corals in the Persian Gulf: dependent on the (6) of the algae3)Method:Step 1: Samples from (7) within the Persian Gulf, the (8) Gulf of Oman, and the Red SeaStep 2: (9) the samples for the (10) associated with the peculiar algaeStep 3: (11) of the peculiar algae itself examined4) (12) :Algae in the Perish Gulf gradually (13) the extreme heat of the Persian Gulf5)Conclusion: The traits remain (14)6)Implication: The finding may help maintain the (15) of algae in oceansPART I DICTATION KeyPART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALK(1) climate change(2) a degree higher(3) the symbiotic relationship(4) 35 ℃(5) a different species(6) heat tolerance(7) 23 reefs(8) adjacent(9) Screen(10) unique DNA signature(11) Analyze the genetics(12) Explanation :(13) adapt to/ tolerate(14) to be identified(15) bio-diversitiesSECTION B CONVERSATIONS1~5 B B C D A6~10 C D B B CPART III LANGUAGE USAGE11~15C CD A C 16~20B B A B D 21~25D A D B B 26~30B A BC BPART IV CLOZE31~35 G L C A B36~40 N O E M JPART V READING COMPREHENSION41~43 A C B44~46 C B B47~49 A C C50.The lack of fit between gifted students and their schools.51.The controversial use of DNA fingerprinting.52.With anxiety and worry.53.Running / Campaigning for Governor.。
4级题库模拟试题
4级题库模拟试题在4级英语考试中，模拟试题是非常重要的一部分。
通过模拟试题的练习，考生可以更好地熟悉考试题型和考试形式，提高答题效率和准确性。
下面将给大家介绍一份4级题库的模拟试题，供考生们进行练习。
Part I: Listening Comprehension (听力理解)1. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. Travel plansB. Weekend activitiesC. Restaurant reservationsD. Job interview2. What does the man suggest the woman should do?A. Call a repairmanB. Buy a new computerC. Fix the computer herselfD. Wait for the problem to go away3. When does the woman want to go to the concert?A. Friday nightB. Saturday nightC. Sunday nightD. Monday nightPart II: Reading Comprehension (阅读理解)Passage 1Many schoolchildren in China are under a lot of pressure to excel academically. The Chinese educational system places a strong emphasis on test scores and academic achievements, and this can have a negative impact on students' mental health. While it is important for young people to strive for success, it is also essential for them to have a healthy work-life balance.4. According to the passage, what is a problem for many schoolchildren in China?A. Lack of parental supportB. Too much pressure to do well in schoolC. Not enough access to educational resourcesD. Difficulty with extracurricular activities5. How does the passage suggest that schoolchildren can improve their mental health?A. By focusing only on academic achievementsB. By striving for success at all costsC. By maintaining a healthy work-life balanceD. By ignoring their studies and social lives6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of academic successB. The negative impact of too much pressure on studentsC. The benefits of extracurricular activitiesD. The role of parents in their children's educationPart III: Writing (写作)Please write an essay of about 300 words on the following topic:"Describe a memorable experience you had while traveling. What madeit special and how did it impact you?"以上就是4级题库模拟试题内容，希望考生们认真对待每一道题目，并通过练习不断提高自己的英语水平。
四级考试模拟试题一
四级考试模拟试题一一、听力理解（共20分）（一）短对话理解（每题1分，共5分）1. A) At the bookstore. B) At the library. C) At the cinema. D) At the post office.2. A) He's going to the beach. B) He's going to the concert. C) He's going to the museum. D) He's going to the party.3. A) She forgot her appointment. B) She missed her bus.C) She lost her keys. D) She broke her glasses.4. A) He needs to buy a new computer. B) He needs torepair his computer. C) He needs to upgrade his computer.D) He needs to return his computer.5. A) She's going to study abroad. B) She's going to work abroad. C) She's going to travel abroad. D) She's going to live abroad.（二）长对话理解（每题2分，共10分）听下面一段对话，回答6至7题。
6. What is the man's main concern about the new project?A) The budget. B) The schedule. C) The technology. D) The team.7. What does the woman suggest they should do?A) Reduce the budget. B) Extend the deadline. C) Hire more staff. D) Use more advanced technology.（三）短文理解（每题2分，共5分）听下面一段短文，回答8至10题。
大学英语四级模拟测试（一）（附答案）
大学英语四级模拟测试（一）（附答案）听力（略）Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)Passage 1Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies. Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and neighbors' children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too manycars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.26. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ________.A) cars are a source of pleasure for themB) they need a car to form a car poolC) they live more than a mile away from the schoolD) cars form necessary part in their life27. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?A) Office workers.B) Police and mail carriers.C) Salesmen and farmers.D) Factory workers.28. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ________.A) children have to walk to schoolB) school buses take all the children to schoolC) mothers drive children to schoolD) families usually live within a mile from the school29. "A car pool" most probably means ________.A) a number of people sharing the use of a carB) a place for parking carsC) a group of tourists driving alternativelyD) a place for learning to drive30. What is the author's advice about the use of cars?A) To provide larger parking spaces.B) To build better roads.C) To produce fewer automobiles.D) To form more car pools.Passage 2Question 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Recent fires have destroyed much of Indonesian forests and pose the latest threat to the survival of the endangered orangutans（红毛猿）. Thirty orangutans fleeing their burning forest home have been killed by villagers, who see the animals as crop raiders. Orangutan mothers have been killed so that their young can be captured and sold into the illegal wildlife pet trade. Orangutan experts continue to receive orangutan infants whose mothers have been killed while searching for food in plantations and fields.The fires, caused by drought and coupled with fire-setting methods to clear forests, have destroyed more than two million acres. When fire gets into the rainforests' layer of dry peat (partly decayed plant material which covers the soil), it can burn slowly off and on for months or years after the original fire. These fires continue until heavy rainfall soaks the peat through and through. Orangutans once numbered in the hundreds of thousands, but their population has dropped to roughly 25 000 due to fire, the destruction of forests from felling trees for timber and agriculture, and losses linked to the live-animal trade. Before the fires, only 40 percent of the orangutans' original habitat remained, and now, their habitat has become even smaller.31. What can be the best title for this passage?A) Fires Drive Orangutans to Danger.B) Orangutans Are Precious Animals.C) Fires in Indonesia Keep on Flaming.D) Orangutans Endanger the Crops of Indonesia.32. Which of the following is true about villagers?A) They set fire in order to kill orangutans for food.B) They are ignorant of wild life pets trade.C) They dislike orangutans because they destroy crops.D) They continue to receive orangutans infants.33. According to this passage, fires in Indonesia ________.A) will not end until it starts to rainB) will be eventually put out by human effortC) will die out when the winds stop blowingD) will only stop when the peat is totally wet34. Some people buy orangutans because ________.A) they want to save orangutansB) they want to keep orangutans as petsC) they want to build new homes for orangutansD) they want to take care of orangutan infants35. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decreasing of orangutans in Indonesia?A) The forests have been burned to make land for agriculture.B) Most of orangutans' forests have been destroyed.C) Mother orangutans have been caught and sold in pet-animal market.D) Trees have been cut down for human profits.Passage 3Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Don't try kicking the tires on a very modern and strange car developed by students at Coventry University. Not only does the car have no tires, it has no steering wheel, either.The Coventry Concept Car, as it is called is a completely new design that looks more like a snail（蜗牛）than an automobile. No working model, or functional form of the vehicle exists yet, but its designers recently introduced a life-sized model and explained how a real one would work. Electric motors would move rapidly undulating pad（形成波浪状气垫）underneath the car; moving the vehicle in any direction at speeds up to 480 kmper hour. The motion would be a much faster way of crawling ? the way snails move. (Muscles in the bottom of a snail's flat foot contract （收缩）in waves that push the snail along the ground.) Steering of the snail car would be handled automatically by an onboard computer, which would receive signals from orbiting satellites. Those signals would help guide the snail car along a preprogrammed route.Even the car's color could be computer-controlled, the student designer suggested. Instead of a painted out appearance, the snail car would sport an electronically sensitive film that changes color according to its surroundings.36. The Coventry Concept Car is designed mainly based on ________.A) the appearance of a snailB) the movement of a snailC) the life-size of a snailD) the behavior of a snail37. Which of the following is true about the Coventry Concept Car?A) Its first working model can run at 480 km per hour.B) Its direction is controlled by a steering wheel.C) It moves in all directions on a pair of flat feet.D) It travels automatically along preprogrammed routes.38. The color of the car can be changed ______.A) by applying different films onto its exteriorB) automatically in accordance with its surroundingsC) by signals received by the car computerD) according to the customer's requirement39. The word "sport" in the last but one line most probably means _______.A) applyB) wearC) runD) notice40. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A) A Car at a Speed of a SnailB) A Computer-Controlled Electronic VehicleC) A Car Without Tires and Steering WheelD) A Car with No Functional FormPassage 4Question 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?Many people are afraid to assert themselves（坚持自己的权利）. Dr. Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and T alk Back, thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole set-up is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always a 'superior' around: a parent, a teacher, a boss who 'knows better'."But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help those people assert themselves. They offer "Assertiveness Training" courses ? AT for short. In the AT course people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting other people.In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the timid person to lose hisfear. But AT uses an even stronger motive ? the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your own good sense. You go by the other person's label. But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.41. The problem the writer talks about is that _______.A) some people buy things they don't wantB) some people are afraid of arguing for themselvesC) there are too many "superiors" around usD) there is too much pressure from our society42. The cause of the problem discussed in this passage is that _______.A) some people have a low self-imageB) there is always someone around who "knows better"C) salesmen talk people into buying things they don't wantD) people don't share opinions in a group43. The set-up of our society often _______.A) makes people distrust themselvesB) makes things more favorable for "superiors"C) keeps people from knowing as much as their "superiors"D) helps people to learn to speak up for their rights44. A T is one solution to the problem in this passage, but one thing AT doesn't promote is to help people ________.A) to share their feelingsB) to have a right to be oneselfC) to overcome their fear before othersD) to be more aggressive45. The title for this passage could be ________.A) Assertiveness TrainingB) Loss of Self-respectC) The Importance of Human RightsD) Share Your Feelings with OthersPart III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. (10 points)46. Those high school students _____ to computer games will usually lose interest in their studies.A) absorbed B) addicted C) approached D) adapted47. What did you put in your suitcase? It's almost _____ mine.A) four times as heavy as B) four times heavier as C) as four times heavy as D) as heavy as four times48. In some countries today, it is still illegal for doctors to help a woman have a(n) _____.A) pregnancy B) abortion C) miscarriage D) embryo49. Metal _____ when cooled and expands when heated.A) decreases B) reduces C) condenses D) contracts50. The employees were afraid to ask for a salary raise _____ they should lose their jobs.A) lest B) or else C) so that D) in order that51. There has been a heated controversy over the new traffic _____ forbidding automobiles in downtown during the daytime.A) laws B) bans C) alerts D) regulations52. She has won a _____ prize for her poems published in the past 10 years.A) privileged B) awarded C) prestigious D) rewarded53. Each man and woman must sign _____ full names before entering the examination room.A) his B) her C) their D) one's49. Giving the child problems he can't solve will only ________ him.A) frustrate B) challenge C) conquer D) press54. It is pleasant to see that the whole community has participated in this environmental action with great _____.A) validity B) vow C) vigor D) vision55. As they can't have a child of their own, they're going to _____ a little girl.A) adapt B) adopt C) adjust D) receive56. It's no use _____ wit him. You might as well argue with a stone wall.A) arguing B) of arguing C) in arguing D) to argue57. The official figures of unemployment revealed that millions of citizens could hardly make a _____ living.A) honest B) decent C) appropriate D) suitable58. The company has been found guilty violating copyright laws _____ a regular _____.A) for ... reason B) by ... way C) on ... basis D) to ... degree59. Believe it or not, he arrived in America with only 25 dollars _____.A) by his name B) to his name C) in his name D) with his name60. _____ is no reason for dismissing her.A) A few minutes late B) Owing to a few minutes late C) Because she was a few minutes late D) Being a few minutes late61. I handed in the application two months ago, but I have not received any response _____.A) in date B) out of date C) to date D) on date62. In the course of a day our students do far more than just _____ classes.A) attending B) attended C) to attend D) attend63. The newspaper didn't mention its secret _____ who provided the information for the event.A) resource B) source C) origin D) cause64. The clothes a person wears may express his _____ or social position.A) state B) significance C) determination D) status65. If I hadn't turned off the power before you touched the wires, you _____ now.A) wouldn't have smiled B) didn't smile C) wouldn't be smiling D) couldn't have smiledPart IV TranslationSection A:Directions: Read the following passage and translate the 5 underlined sentences into Chinese.(5 points)(66) To be successful at business, you not only have to be good at what you do, but you have to be good at letting others know how good you are at what you do. You have to come up with a plan to get your product or service in the market place. You have to come up with a marketing plan. (67) This marketing plan involves two parts: you have to figure out who the market is; and you have to make the product or service known to that market. These two work together.It is a rare case in marketing when a product has appeal to everyone regardless of sex, age, income level or special interests.(68) The more typical case is that a product will appeal to a limited group of people who are willing to put down their hard-earned dollars to buy what you have to sell.(69) The basic question to keep in mind as you develop your marketing plan is: Who would want to buy the type of product I make and how can I develop it to be saleable to these special people? Once you define your market, you often have to modify your product to fit that market. Sometimes the answer to this question is clear and logical. Often, however, a business person has to do some research and experimentation to find the answer.(70) Many a business has failed because people didn't consider this obvious but critical question: Who is the market?66.____________________________________________________________________ ________67._____________________________________________________________ _______________68.____________________________________________________________________ ________69.____________________________________________________________________ ________70.____________________________________________________________________ ________Section BDirections: In this section, you will translate 5 sentences below into English. (10 points)71. 一群科学家上周在一次新闻发布会上宣布的克隆计划在全世界引起了轩然大波。
大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套)
2021年6月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷及参考答案(第一套〕Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is foll owed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou r choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and ma rk the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method o f answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships betwee n observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to o rganize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniq ues, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progr ess in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comp rehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy an d certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other people's likes or disli kes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover m ay shock or anger people-as did Darwin's theory of evolution. But even an unple asant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of re fusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choiceof refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying ove rhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, te chnology must be measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themsel ves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps chang e the material worldC) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A) The improvement of people's life.B) The theory of people's life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration people's likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finished forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.A) positive B) negative C) factual D) critical Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a res ponsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered fina ncial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags t o riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was a n unnecessary detour.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success wi thout much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In today's more complex world, the opportunities for financial suc cess is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly becoming one whose chief product is information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrow's world will be e ven more complex than today's world, and, to manage this complexity, even more specialized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.A) education in general B) Americans' attitudesC) higher education D) American education27. Americans' attitudes toward education have always been _____.A) certain B) contradictory C) ambitious D) unclear28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for _____.A) higher education B) public education C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A) information is our only productB) education in the future will be specializedC) we are entering an age of informationD) we are living in an age of information30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A) The History of American Education.B) The Need for Specialized Education.C) The Future of the American Educational System.D) Attitudes toward American Education. Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.A growing world population and the discoveries of science may alter this pa ttern of distribution in the future. As men slowly learn to master diseases, co ntrol floods, prevent famines, and stop wars, fewer people die every year; andin consequence the population of the world is steadily increasing. In 1925 ther e were about 2,000 million people in the world; by the end of the century there may well be over 4,000 million.When numbers rise the extra mouths must be fed. New lands must be brought u nder cultivation, or land already farmed made to yield larger crops. In some ar eas the accessible land is so intensively cultivated that it will be difficult to make it provide more food. In some areas the population is so dense that the land is parceled out in units too tiny to allow for much improvement in farmin g methods. Were a large part of this farming population drawn off into industri al occupations, the land might be farmed much more productively by modern metho ds. There is now a race for science, technology, and industry to keep the outpu t of food rising faster than the number of people to be fed. New strains of cro ps are being developed which will thrive in unfavorable climates: there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle in Siberia and North America; irrigation and dr y-farming methods bring arid lands under the plough, dams hold back the waters of great rivers to ensure water for the fields in all seasons and to provide el ectric power for new industries; industrial chemistry provides fertilizers to s uit particular soils; aeroplanes spray crops to destroy locusts and many plant diseases. Every year some new means is devised to increase or to protect the fo od of the world.31. The author says that the world population is growing because _____.A) there are many rich valleys and fertile plainsB) the pattern of distribution is being alteredC) people are living longerD) new land is being brought under cultivation32. The author says that in densely populated areas the land might be more productively farmed if _____.A) the plots were subdividedB) a large part of the people moved to a different part of the countryC) industrial methods were used in farmingD) the units of land were made much larger33. We are told that there are now farms beyond the Arctic Circle. This has been made possible by _____.A) producing new strains of cropsB) irrigation and dry-farming methodsC) providing fertilizersD) destroying pests and disease34. Which of these words is nearest in meaning to the word "strains"?A) types B) sizes C) seeds D) harvests35. The author's main purpose is to _____.A) argue for a belief B) describe a phenomenonC) entertain D) propose a conclusion Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatu res-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, no t otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways th at produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning th e head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned respon se with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as you ng as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movem ent "switched on" a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of lear ning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many as three turns to one side.Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to wat ch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display c ame on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights wh ich pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.36. According to the author, babies learn to do things which . A) are direc tly related to pleasure B) will meet their physical needsC) will bring them a feeling of success D) will satisfy their curiosity37. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby .A) would make learned responses when it saw the milkB) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drinkC) would continue the simple movements without being given milkD) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink38. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in o rder to .A) have the lights turned onB) be rewarded with milkC) please their parentsD) be praised39. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because .A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"B) the sight of the lights was interestingC) they need not turn back to watch the lightsD) they succeeded in "switching on" the lights40. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something i s a reflection of .A) a basic human desire to understand and control the worldB) the satisfaction of certain physiological needsC) their strong desire to solve complex problemsD) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skillsPart III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each senten ce there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer S heet with a single line through the center.41. It's the in this country to go out and pick flower on the first day of spring.A) case B) custom C) habit D) precedent42. He didn't take the flat because he couldn't afford the .A) hire B) fare C) rent D) salary43. I've made an for you to see the dentist at 5 o'clock tomorrow.A) appointment B) interview C) opportunity D) assignation44. The house was poorly built; for , the roof leaked.A) short B) certain C) one thing D) sure45. the weather is concerned, I do not think it matters.A) So long as B) So far as C) As long as D) So far46. The continuous rain set the harvesting of wheat by two weeks.A) off B) back C) down D) about47. The helicopter hovered the trees.A) in B) over C) down D) up48.The mother made a shirt for the boy out of the of the cloth.A) odd and end B) odd and ends C) odds and end D) odds and ends49. Let's get this old barn. It's of no use to us.A) over B) ready C) rid of D) used to50. George's ability to learn from observations and experience greatly to h is success in public life.A) owed B) contributed C) attached D) related51. I asked him where my sister was, and he the store across the street.A) nodded B) indicated C) figured D) guessed52. They are staying with us the time being until they find a place of thei r own.A) during B) for C) since D) in53. 100 competitors had the race.A) put their names for B) entered forC) put themselves for D) taken part54. He me by two games to one.A) beat B) conquered C) gained D) won55. They have put the bird in a cage to it from flying away.A) avoid B) prevent C) forbid D) control56. In recent years, new buildings have up like mushrooms in the city.A) jumped B) sprung C) leapt D) put57. I from among the crowd an old friend of mine whom I hadn't seen for ten years.A) figured out B) picked out C) realized D) picked over58. I thought he'd never anything, but it's turned out that I was wrong.A) arrive B) amount to C) reach for D) add to59. He managed to pay off his debts.A) anyhow or other B) anyhow or anotherC) somehow or other D) somehow or another60. You'd better not Mr. Ganz. He may get angry.A) play a joke on B) play outC) play into the hands of D) play at61. We existed on nothing but the necessities.A) empty B) bare C) hollow D) undressed62. The seasons change, independent anyone's wishes.A) on B) to C) with D) of63. The mail was for two days because of the snowstorm.A) misled B) lost C) delayed D) damaged64. He has been absent class for quite some time.A) in B) for C) with D) from65. I owe a great deal my parents and teachers.A) to B) for C) toward D) of66. We must manage to do our work better with people.A) less money and few B) less money and fewerC) little money and less D) few money and less67. Mr. Black is to our English evening.A) more pleased than to come B) more pleased to come thanC) more than pleased to come D) more pleasing than to come68. You that car with the brakes out of order. You might have had a serious accident.A) ought to drive B) oughtn't do driveC) ought to have driven D) oughtn't to have driven69. If it for their support, we would be in a very difficult position.A) is not B) weren't C) was not D) be not70. If only we as we were told! This would never have happened.A) would do B) had done C) do D) didPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank th ere are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that b est fits into the passage.Everyone ___71___ of the President of the US ___72___ the most powerful man in ___73___. But when the representatives of the 13 former British colonies __ _74___ to draw up the constitution of the new country ___75___ 1788, ___76___ o f them were not sure whether they ___77___ to have a President at all. There we re even ___78___ who ___79___ a king, ___80___ their successful war against the British king, George III. The decision was in doubt ___81___ the last moment. One group wanted ___82___ for life, while ___83___ suggested that ___84___ not be a President, because a Committee would govern the country better; a third gr oup ___85___ a President ___86___ term of office would last seven years but who could not stand for reelection, because they were afraid he would spend his ti me ___87___ votes at the next election. In the end they chose George Washington as President for four years and let him ___88___ for reelection because they t rusted him. But they were ___89___ to make rules in case a future President ___ 90___ badly and these rules were used to get rid of President Nixon two hundred s years later.71. A) use to think B) think C) thinks D) uses to think72. A) to be B) being C) like D) as73. A) western world B) the western world C) accident D) the accident74. A) found B) met C) encountered D) put together75. A) at B) by C) on D) in76. A) a number B) a great deal C) a large amount D) the most77. A) should B) would C) needed D) must78. A) few B) a few C) little D) a little79. A) had preferred B) would have preferredC) should have preferred D) were preferring80. A) although B) however C) nevertheless D) in spite of81. A) until B) as far as C) so far as D) by82. A) that the President was elected B) that the President would be electe dC) to elect the PresidentD) to be elected the President83. A) another B) other C) the other D) some other84. A) it should B) it would C) there should D) there would85. A) would have liked B) would rather C) would like D) would be liking86. A) that's B) whose C) which D) of which87. A) looking for B) to look for C) to look at D) looking at88. A) stand B) to stand C) be standing D) that he stood89. A) so careful B) too careful C) careful enough D) enough careful90. A) would carry B) carried C) would behave D) behavedPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compos ition on the topic "The Expenses of an Average Worker". You should study the fo llowing table carefully and base your composition on the outlines given below. You should write at least 100 words.1. The changes in the worker's expenses from 1990 to 2000.2. The possible reasons for the changes.3. My prediction.The Expenses of an Average Worker2021年6月大学英语四级考试模拟试卷参考答案(第一套〕21-25. DBACC 26-30. DBABD 31. CDAAA 36-40. CCADA41-45. BCACB 46-50. BBDCB 51-55. BBBAB 56-60. BBBCA61-65. BDCDA 66-70. BCDBB 71-75. CDBBD 76-80. ACBBD81-85. ACACC 86-90. BAACC。
2021年大学英语四级模拟试题一
大学英语四级模仿试题（一）Part ⅠListening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section,you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will read：A) At the office. B) In the waiting room.C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore,A)“At the office” is the best answer. You should choose A) on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer ［A］［B］［C］［D］1. A) The fourth floor. B) The fifth floor. C) The sixth floor. D) The seventh floor.2. A) John bought a cheap computer. B) John bought Morris a computer.C) Morris bought a computer from John. D) Morris bought a new computer.3. A) Recognize Jane first. B) Tell the woman why.C) Go on a diet. D) Feel at ease.4. A) The white one. B) The brick one.C) The prettier one. D) The better one.5. A) The summer this year is terribly hot. B) Last summer was even hotter.C) Hot weather helps lose weight. D) Light was stronger this morning.6. A) No one on the bus was injured.B) Everyone on the bus was injured.C) Only one student on the bus was injured.D) More than one student on the bus was injured.7. A) Drawing some money. B) Opening a deposit account.C) Saving much money. D) Putting money in the bank.8. A) They have too little patience. B) They are not strict with students.C) They are very hard on students. D) They are more hardworking than before.9. A) The woman is very worried. B) The man doesn’t like thinking.C) The man has done something wrong. D) The woman can do nothing for the man.10. A) Because the waist was a bit too tight.B) Because there wasn’t any of her size.C) Because she didn’t look good in the dress.D) Because the style was not what she liked.Section B：Compound DictationA supermarket club card is a new way for people to save money on items they buy. People used to cut out coupons (赠券)to(S1) save money. Now they use a card that looks like a(S2)credit card when they pay for items. Only people with cards can get the(S3)lower price.To get a card，people must give out their name，address，and other(S4)personal information. Everything club card-users buy is (S5)stored on a computer in a file with their name on it. In the coupon days，no one kept (S6)track of the things peoplebought. Now，computers allow huge(S7)amounts of information to be saved.In order to save money with the cards，people could lose privacy. So far，the information，or data，is private. But that could change. There are many companies who might be interested in knowing what people buy. For instance，(S8)an insurance company might want to know if their clients buy healthy food，or if people buy a lot of medicine from the store.A California Senator，Debra Bowen，wants to make sure there are laws to protect data kept on computers. She says,“(S9)The laws that govern privacy really haven’t caught up with technology. ”Stores that use club cards have promised to keep the information private. (S10)Some people are afraid the stores might change their minds if companies offered enough money. Some people say the information is worth as much as treasure.Part ⅡReading Comprehension(35 minutes)Directions：There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.The predictability of our mortality rates is something that has long puzzled social scientists. After all，there is no natural reason why 2,500 people should accidentally shoot themselves each year or why 7,000 should drown or 55,000 die in their cars. No one establishes a quota for each type of death. It just happens that they follow a consistent pattern year after year.A few years ago a Canadian psychologist named Gerald Wilde became interested in this phenomenon. He noticed that mortality rates for violent and accidental deaths throughout the Western world have remained oddly static throughout the whole of the century，despite all the technological advances and increases in safety standards that have happened in that time. Wilde developed an intriguing theory called “risk homeostasis”. According to this theory，people instinctively live with a certain level of risk. When something is made safer，people will get around the measure in some way to reassert the original level of danger. If，for instance，they are required to wear seat belts，they will feel safer and thus will drive a little faster and a little more recklessly，thereby statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers. Other studies have shown that where an intersection is made safer，the accident rate invariably falls there but rises to a compensating level elsewhere along the same stretch of road. It appears，then，that we have an innate need for danger.In all events，it is becoming clearer and clearer to scientists that the factors influencing our lifespan are far more subtle and complex than had been previously thought. It now appears that if you wish to live a long life，it isn’t simply a matter of adhering to certain precautions … eating the right fo ods，not smoking，driving with care. You must also have the right attitude. Scientists at the Duke University Medical Center made a 15-year study of 500 persons personalities and found，somewhat to their surprise，that people with a suspicious or mistrustful nature die prematurely far more often than people with a sunny disposition. Looking on the bright side，it seems，can add years to your life span.11. What social scientists have long felt puzzled about is why .A) the mortality rate can not be predictedB) the death toll remained stable year after yearC) a quota for each type of death has not come into beingD) people lost their lives every year for this or that reason12. In his research，Gerald Wilde finds that technological advances and increases in safety standards .A) have helped solve the problem of so high death rateB) have oddly accounted for mortality rates in the past centuryC) have reduced mortality rates for violent and accidental deathsD) have achieved no effect in bringing down the number of deaths13. According to the theory of “risk homeostasis”，some traffic accidents result from .A) our innate desire for riskB) our fast and reckless drivingC) our ignorance of seat belt benefitsD) our instinctive interest in speeding14. By saying “…statistically canceling out the benefits that the seat belt confers” (Para. 2),the author means .A) wearing seat belts does not have any benefits from the statistic point of viewB) deaths from wearing seat belts are the same as those from not wearing themC) deaths from other reasons counterbalance the benefits of wearing seat beltsD) wearing seat belts does not necessarily reduce deaths from traffic accidents15. Which of the following may contribute to a longer life span?A) Showing adequate trust instead of suspicion of othersB) Eating the food low in fat and driving with great careC) Cultivating an optimistic personality and never losing heartD) Looking on the bright side and developing a balanced level of riskPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.In California the regulators，the utilities and the governor all want the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to cap spot (现货) market prices. The Californians claim it will rein in outrageous prices. Federal regulators have refused. The battle is on.Governor Gray Davis says,“I’m not happy with the Federal Regulatory Commission at all. They’re living in an ivory tower. If their bills were going up like the people in San Diego，they would know that this is a real problem in the real world.”As part of deregulation，price caps were removed to allow for a free market. Timing is everything；natural gas prices had already skyrocketed. Demand was high from California’s booming econom y. No new power plants had been built here in ten years，and power producers had the right to hike prices along with demand. And hike them they did.Loretta Lynch of the Public Utilities Commission says,” This commission and all of California was beating down the door of federal regulators to say‘help us impose reasonable price caps to help to keep our market stable.”Federal regulators did ask for longer-term contracts between power producers and the utilities to stabilize prices. The federal commission，unavailable for comment on this story，released a recent statement defending its position not to re-regulate.Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Dec. 15,：“The commission s intention is to enable the markets to catch up to current supply and demand problems and not to reintroduce command and control regulation that has helped to produce the current crisis.”Some energy experts believe that，without temporary price caps，the crisis will continue.Severin Borenstein of the U.C. Energy Institute says,“Som e federal regulators have a blind commitment to making the market work and I think part of the problem is they really don t understand what s going on.”Gary Ackerman of the Western Power Trading Forum says,“He’s dead wrong about that. The federal regulators understand far better than any individual state that，though it might be painful and it certainly is painful in California，price caps don’t work. They never work.”16. The battle between Californians and federal regulators is about .A) control over the price of powerB) necessity of removing price capsC) hiking the energy prices in CaliforniaD) a regulation concerning power supply17. Governor Gray Davis was dissatisfied with the Federal Regulatory Commission because .A) they did not know what the real problem wasB) they were living an easy life in an ivory towerC) they could not experience the life in San DiegoD) they turned a blind eye to the situation in California18. The Federal Commission uncapped the energy price with the intention to .A) help California’s economy booming steadilyB) prevent power price from going up any furtherC) enable the market to deal with supply and demand problemsD) have contracts signed between power producers and the utilities19. To help keep prices from going higher，people and groups in California .A) imposed reasonable price capsB) beat down the door of federal regulatorsC) urged the federal authorities to take actionD) struggled against federal policy to hike prices20. Energy experts against price caps believe that .A) the present situation in California will continue unless there is price controlB) the current crisis is partly attributed to previous command and control policyC) price caps can temporarily solve energy problems an individual state meets withD) they do understand what is going on in California and will take proper measuresPassage ThreeQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Another cultural aspect of nonverbal communication is one that you might not think about：space. Every person perceives himself to have a sort of invisible shield surrounding his physical body. When someone comes too close，he feels uncomfortable. When he bumps onto someone，he feels obligated to apologize. But the size of a person’s “comfort zone” depends on his cultural ethnic origin. For example，in casual conversation，many Americans stand about four feet apart. In other words，they like to keep each other “at arm s length”,people in Latin or Arab cultures，in contrast，stand very close to each other，and touch each other often. If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation，the American may feel uncomfortable and back away.When Americans are talking，they expect others to respond to what they aresaying. To Americans，polite conversationalists empathize by displaying expressions of excitement or disgust，shock or sadness. People with a “poker face”，whose emotions are hidden by a deadpan expression，are looked upon with suspicion. Americans also indicate their attentiveness in a conversation by raising their eyebrows，nodding，smiling politely and maintaining good eye contact. Whereas some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening，Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty. If a person doesn’t look you in the eye，American might say，you should question his motives—or assume that he doesn’t like you. Yet with all the concern for eye contact，Americans still consider staring—especially at strangers—to be rude.21. What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about .A) classification of nonverbal communicationB) the reasons why people should think about spaceC) the relationship between communication and spaceD) some other cultural aspects of nonverbal communication22. How far people keep to each other while talking is closely associated with their .A) origin B) culture C) custom D) nationality23. When an Italian talks to an Arabian on informal occasions,.A) he stands about four feet awayB) “comfort zone” does not existC) keeping close enough is preferredD) communication barriers may emerge24. A “poker face” (Line 3,Para. 2) refers to a face which is .A) attentive B) emotional C) suspicious D) expressionless25. In a conversation between friends，Americans regard it as sincere and truthful to .A) maintain direct eye contactB) hide emotions with a deadpan expressionC) display excitement or disgust，shock or sadnessD) raise their eyebrows,nod and smile politelyPassage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.We all know that DNA has the ability to identify individuals but，because it is inherited，there are also regions of the DNA strand which can relate an individual to his or her family (immediate and extended)，tribal group and even an entire population. Molecular Genealogy (宗谱学) can use this unique identification provided by the genetic markers to link people together into family trees. Pedigrees (家谱) based on such genetic markers can mean a breakthrough for family trees where information is incomplete or missing due to adoption，illegitimacy or lack of records. There are many communities and populations which have lost precious records due to tragic events such as the fire in the Irish courts during Civil War in 1921 or American slaves for whom many records were never kept in the first place.The main objective of the Molecular Genealogy Research Group is to build a database containing over 100,000 DNA samples from individuals all over the world. These individuals will have provided a pedigree chart of at least four generations and a small blood sample. Once the database has enough samples to represent the world genetic make-up，it will eventually help in solving many issues regarding genealogies that could not be done by relying only on traditional written records. Theoretically，any individual will someday be able to trace his or her family origins through thisdatabase.In the meantime，as the database is being created，molecular genealogy can already verify possible or suspected relationships between individuals. “For example，if two men sharing the same last name believe that they are related，but no written record proves this relationship，we can verify this possibility by collecting a sample of DNA from both and looking for common markers (in this case we can look primarily at the Y chromosome (染色体)),” explains Ugo A. Perego，a member of the BYU Molecular Genealogy research team.26. People in a large area may possess the same DNA thread because .A) DNA is characteristic of a regionB) they are beyond doubt of common ancestryC) DNA strand has the ability to identify individualsD) their unique identification can be provided via DNA27. The possible research of family trees is based on the fact that .A) genetics has achieved a breakthroughB) genetic information contained in DNA can be revealed nowC) each individual carries a unique record of who he is and how he is related to othersD) we can use DNA to prove how distant an individual is to a family，a group ora population28. The Molecular Genealogy Research Group is building a database for the purpose of .A) offering assistance in working out genealogy-related problemsB) solving many issues without relying on traditional written recordsC) providing a pedigree chart of at least four generations in the worldD) confirming the assumption that all individuals are of the same origin29. If two men suspected for some reason they have a common ancestor，.A) we can decide according to their family treeB) we can find the truth from their genetic markersC) we can compare the differences in their Y chromosomeD) we can look for written records to prove their relationship30. Which of the following CANNOT be inferred from the passage?A) We are a walking,living,breathing record of our ancestorsB) Many American slaves did not know who their ancestors were.C) An adopted child generally lacks enough information to prove his identity.D) Molecular genealogy can be used to prove a relationship between individuals.Part ⅢVocabulary(20 minutes)Directions：There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the centre.31. WTO is regarded by some countries as an access to foreign markets rather than as a for opening up the home market.A) commerce B) committee C) commitment D) commission32. We should recognize that every company and every person is part of a long of customers and suppliers.A) pool B) line C) stream D) chain33. Today the small town is better against flood than it was 20 years ago.A) protected B) prevented C) preserved D) prepared34. Did you mean I should keep the receipt?I m afraid I have .A) run it over B) torn it up C) taken it apart D) shaken it off35. Unlike photocopies of books，the digital copies are virtually in quality to the original.A) similar B) identical C) resembling D) alike36. The price of fresh vegetables according to the weather.A) fluctuates B) increases C) soars D) maintains37. Your proposal looks good ,but I am not convinced it can be put into effect.A) on paper B) at sight C) under cover D) in bulk38. The government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must bear the .A) results B) outcomes C) effects D) consequences39. The elderly people in this country are entitled to a special heating allowance from the government when they pass the age of sixty.A) claim B) declare C) inquire D) apply40. The snow has been steadily for hours and the ground is completely covered.A) showering B) dropping C) descending D) falling41. The hostess went to great to make the child comfortable and feel at home.A) efforts B) lengths C) heights D) details42. You said the post office is on this block，can you be a bit more ?A) particular B) specific C) abstract D) especial43. His composition was so confusing that I could hardly make any of it whatsoever.A) meaning B) message C) information D) sense44. I am afraid that you have to alter your views in light of the tragic news that has just arrived.A) optimistic B) distressing C) indifferent D) pessimistic45. As the saying goes，reading without reflecting is like eating without .A) chewing B) tasting C) digesting D) releasing46. All of us did quite a good job but the teacher only him out for praise.A) yelled B) singled C) selected D) pulled47. Without a sure supply of water，farming in that area remains at the of the weather.A) disposal B) risk C) cost D) mercy48. Industrial communities should be close enough to crowded centers but enough to reduce potential dangers.A) advanced B) reliable C) distant D) sophisticated49. She had a guilty about not telling the police what had actually happened.A) consciousness B) conscience C) consequence D) confusion50. There is a beautiful of pine forest near my country house.A) extension B) length C) spell D) stretch51. We’ve all our time and effort in this plan，and we don’t want it to fail.A) invested B) exhausted C) devoted D) assigned52. The workers demands were，they only asked for a small raise in their wages.A) general B) moderate C) partial D) numerous53. You should know to spend all your money on those impractical fancy goods.A) other than B) rather than C) more than D) better than54. Everybody seemed to have known about his scandal，only his wife was kept in the .A) dark B) ignorance C) shade D) shadow55. All students in the class a loud laugh when the professor told them a joke.A) let up B) let down C) let off D) let out56. It can be safely that there is no living beings on that planet.A) resumed B) assessed C) assumed D) assured57. There are certain when you have to interrupt people who are in the middle of doing something.A) chances B) situations C) occasions D) opportunities58. Mother into the room and kissed her sleeping baby.A) crept B) staggered C) rushed D) marched59. The building started with a steel which was later filled in with bricks and concrete.A) institution B) terminal C) sightseeing D) framework60. This book does not have an structure. Some parts are even contradictory .A) integrated B) informed C) intensive D) inwardPart ⅣCloze(15 minutes)Directions：There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D)on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.A food bank is the center of food collection and distribution in a community. This food usually 61 from grocery stores or manufacturers that have thousands of pounds of food to give 62 . Food banks operate intricate and advanced warehousing operations，63 food is collected，64 and re-distributed to the community. Traditionally，a food bank does not distribute food 65 to those in 66 . 67 ,food banks serve an 68 network of organizations in their 69 communities. These organizations serve one part of the 70 and know the needs of the people there. 71 ,working together，the food bank and the community organization can serve a greater 72 ofpeople in the most efficient way.Many food banks provide 73 services. They 74 from after school feeding programs，75 Kids Cafe,to community agriculture projects.In the aftermath (其后一段时期) of welfare reform，food banks throughout the country are raising private 76 to operate innovative programs and to 77 those who are hungry. Every food bank strives to be a hunger advocate,producing 78 studies and tracking statistics，while lending their hands-on expertise to get legislation passed and ensuring that the 79 of domestic hunger is not lost in the shadow of an “ 80 boom”.61. A) results B) collects C) comes D) gathers62. A) away B) out C) over D) off63. A) which B) where C) what D) how64. A) accepted B) offered C) processed D) sorted65. A) instantly B) directly C) voluntarily D) readily66. A) need B) haste C) debt D) order67. A) However B) Otherwise C) Instead D) Certainly68. A) abnormal B) optional C) imaginary D) extensive69. A) individual B) respective C) special D) widespread70. A) organization B) bank C) operation D) community71. A) Therefore B) Nevertheless C) Still D) Conversely72. A) amount B) deal C) number D) quantity73. A) regular B) other C) daily D) depositing74. A) change B) alter C) differ D) range75. A) including B) providing C) managing D) distributing76. A) demands B) properties C) funds D) plans77. A) shelter B) feed C) clothe D) finance78. A) poverty B) welfare C) hunger D) food79. A) issue B) policy C) reform D) project80. A) economical B) economics C) economy D) economicPart ⅤWriting(30 minutes)Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write A Letter Applying for a Bank Loan. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese.1．你基本状况2．你申请贷款因素、数额及用途3．你如何保证专款专用以及你还款打算大学英语四级最新模仿试题Part ⅠListening Comprehension1. B2. A3. C4. B5. A6. B7. D8. B9. C10. DS1-S10Part ⅡReading Comprehension11. B12. D13. A14. C15. C16. A17. D18. C19. C20. B21. D22. B23. C24. D25. A26. B27. C28. A29. B30. CPart ⅢV ocabulary31. C32. D33. A34. B35. B36. A37. A38. D39. A40. D41. B42. B43. D44. A45. C46. B47. D48. C49. B50. D51. A52. B53. D54. A55. D56. C57. C58. A59. D60. APart ⅣCloze61. C62. A63. B64. D65. B66. A67. C68. D69. B70. D71. A72. C73. B74. D75. A76. C77. B78. C79. A80. DPart ⅤWriting写作提示：本文规定写一封贷款信。
大学英语四级模拟题01及答案
Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Western Festival: Welcome or Reject? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 西方的节日越来越深的影响着许多中国年青人的生活。
2. 有人认为西方的节日使很多中国的传统日益淡化。
3. 你的观点。
Western Festival: Welcome or Reject?Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Our dreams combine verbal, visual and emotional stimuli into a sometimes broken, nonsensical but often entertainingstory line. We can sometimes even solve problems in our sleep. Or can we? Many experts disagree on exactly what the purpose of our dreams might be. Are they strictly random brain impulses, or are our brains actually working through issues from our daily life while we sleep -- as a sortof coping mechanism? Should we even bother to interpret our dreams? Many say yes, that we have a great deal to learn from our dreams.Why do we Dream?For centuries, we've tried to figure out just why our brains play these nightly shows for us. Early civilizations thought dream worlds were real, physical worlds that they could enter only from their dream state. Researchers continue to toss around many theories about dreaming. Those theories essentially fall into two categories:● The idea that dreams a re only physiological stimulations● The idea that dreams are psychologically necessaryPhysiological theories are based on the idea that we dream in order to exercise various neural connections that some researchers believe affect certain types of learning. Psychological theories are based onthe idea that dreaming allows us to sort through problems, events of the day or things that are requiring a lot of our attention. Some of these theorists think dreams might be prophetic. Many researchers andscientists also believe that perhaps it is a combination of the two theories.Dreaming and the BrainWhen we sleep, we go through five sleep stages. The first stage isa very light sleep from which it is easy to wake up. The second stage moves into a slightly deeper sleep, and stages three and four represent our deepest sleep. Our brain activity throughout these stages is gradually slowing down so that by deep sleep, we experience nothing but delta brain waves -- the slowest brain waves. About 90 minutes after we go to sleep and after the fourth sleep stage, we begin REM sleep.Rapid eye movement (REM) was discovered in 1953 by University of Chicago researchers Eugene Aserinsky, a graduate student in physiology, and Nathaniel Kleitman, Ph.D., chair of physiology. REM sleep isprimarily characterized by movements of the eyes and is the fifth stage of sleep.How to Improve Your Dream RecallIt is said that five minutes after the end of a dream, we have forgotten 50 percent of the dream's content. Ten minutes later, we've forgotten 90 percent of its content. Why is that? We don't forget our daily actions that quickly. The fact that they are so hard to remember makes their importance seem less.There are many resources both on the Web and in print that willgive you tips on how to improve your recall of dreams. Those who believe we have a lot to learn about ourselves from our dreams are big proponents of dream journals. Here are some steps you can take to increase your dream recall:● When you go to bed, t ell yourself you will remember your dreams.● Set your alarm to go off every hour and half so you'll wake up around the times that you leave REM sleep -- when you're most likely to remember your dreams. (Or, drink a lot of water before you go to bed to ensure you have to wake up at least once in the middle of the night!)● Keep a pad and pencil next to your bed.● Try to wake up slowly to remain within the "mood" of your last dream. Common Dream Themes and Their Interpretations● Being naked in publ icMost of us have had the dream at some point that we're at school, work or some social event, and we suddenly realize we forgot to put on clothes! Experts say this means: ◆ We're trying to hide something (and without clothes we have a hard time doing that).◆ We're not prepared for something, like a presentation or test (and now everyone is going to know -- we're exposed!).If we're naked but no one notices, then the interpretation is that whatever we're afraid of is unfounded. If we don't care that we're naked, the interpretation is that we're comfortable with who we are.● FallingYou're falling, falling, falling... and then you wake up. This is a very common dream and is said to symbolize insecurities and anxiety. Something in your life is essentially out of control and there isnothing you can do to stop it. Another interpretation is that you have a sense of failure about something. Maybe you're not doing well in schoolor at work and are afraid you're going to be fired or expelled. Again, you feel that you can't control the situation.● Being chasedThe ever-popular chase dream can be extremely frightening. What it usually symbolizes is that you're running away from your problems. What that problem is depends on who is chasing you. It may be a problem at work, or it may be something about yourself that you know is destructive. For example, you may be drinking too much, and your dream may be telling you that your drinking is becoming a real problem.● Taking an exam (or forgetting that you have one)This is another very common dream. You suddenly realize you are supposed to be taking an exam at that very moment. You might be running through the hallways and can't find the classroom. This type of dreamcan have several variations that have similar meanings. (Maybe your pen won't write, so you can't finish writing your answers.) What experts say this may mean is that you're being scrutinized about something or feel you're being tested -- maybe you're facing a challenge you don't think you're up to. You don't feel prepared or able to hold up to the scrutiny. It may also mean there is something you've neglected that you know needs your attention.● FlyingMany flying dreams are the result of lucid dreaming (清醒梦). Notall flying dreams are, however. Typically, dreaming that you are flying means you are on top of things. You are in control of the things thatmatter to you. Or, maybe you've just gained a new perspective on things. It may also mean you are strong willed and feel like no one and nothing can defeat you. If you are having problems maintaining your flight, someone or something may be standing in the way of you having control. If you are afraid while flying, you may have challenges that you don't feel up to.● Running, but going now hereThis theme can also be part of the chasing dream. You're trying to run, but either your legs won't move or you simply aren't going anywhere -- as if you were on a treadmill (踏车). According to some, this dream means you have too much on your plate. You're trying to do too many things at once and can't catch up or ever get ahead.1. This passage mainly discusses different theories about why we have dreams at night.2. Early theories held that dreams were reflection of people’s real, physical worlds.3. According to physiological theories, dreaming allows us to sort through problems or events of the day that require our attention.4. REM occurs at the third and fourth stage during which we experience the deepest sleep.5. The reason why dreams do not seem important is that they are very difficult to remember.6. Trying to get recorded what you said or did in your dream can help increase your dream recall.7. If a person dreams he is naked but is not noticed by others, it means what he is afraid of is groundless.1.[Y][N][NG]2.[Y][N][NG]3.[Y][N][NG]4.[Y][N][NG]5.[Y][N][NG]6.[Y][N][NG]7.[Y][N][NG]8. You re falling, falling, falling in your dream, which is said to symbolize .9. Being chased in a dream usually means that you’re escaping from your .10. One of the interpretations for flying dreams is that you are and nothing can defeat you.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank followingthe passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.A department store’s inputs include the l and upon which the building is located, the labor of the employees, (47) ______ in the form of building, equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a fa rmer’s (48) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are converted into such outputs as corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the conversion process (49) ______ from industry to industry, but it is an (50) ______phenomenon that exists in every industry. Economists refer to this (51) ______ of resources into goods and services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (52) ______ utility due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability from the conversion process.However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption(fire, floods or lightning, for example) or from (53) ______ problems inherent in the conversion process. Inherent variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human errors all affect output quality (54)______. In fact, random variations are the rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, (55) _____ variation becomes a major management task.The function of the feedback is to provide (56) ______ linkages. Without some feedback of information, management personnel cannot control operations because they don' t know the results of their directions.A) offerB) capitalC) mediumD)difficultE) variesF) differentlyG) proposalH) transformation I) beautifullyJ) economicK) reducingL) internalM) inputsN) affordO) informationSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillarsin the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatestnumber of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that rul ed over a large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be RememberedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmlesspeople or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others.A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence. Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent ofall automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychologicalcondition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep one's emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised bothat the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident expertsstill worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constantcare and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.62. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____A) mass-killing. B) disaster. C) tragedy. D) accident.63. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded asa social problem because _____.A) autos have become most destructive to mankindB) people usually pay little attention to law and moralityC) civilization brings much harm to peopleD) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe65. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.66. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?A) Careless bicycle-riders.B) Mindless people walking in the street.C) Irresponsible drivers.D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.Part V Cloze(15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Today the world's economy is going through two great changes, both bigger than an Asian financial crisis here or a European monetary union there.The first change is that a lot of industrial_67_is moving from the United States, Western Europe and Japan to _68 _countries in Latin America, South-East Asia and Eastern Europe. In 1950, the United States alone _69_ for more than half of the world's economy output. In 1990,its _70_ was down to a quarter. By 1990, 40% of IBM's employees werenon-Americans; Whirlpool, America's leading _71_ of domestic appliances, cut its American labor force _72_ 10%. Quite soon now, many big western companies will have more _73_ (and customers) in poor countries than in rich _74_ . The second great change is _75_, in the rich countries of the OECD, the balance of economic activity is _76_ from manufacturing to _77_. In the United States and Britain, the _78_ ofworkers in manufacturing has _79_ since 1900 from around 40% to barely half that_80_ in Germany and Japan, which rebuilt so many _81_ after 1945, manufacturing's share of jobs is now below 30%. The effect of the _82 is increased _83_ manufacturingmoves from rich countries to the developing ones, _84_ cheap labor _85_ them a sharp advantage in many of the _86_ tasks required by mass production.67. A. product B. production C. products D. productivity68. A. other B. small C. capitalistic D. developing69. A. accounted B. occupied C. played D. shared70. A. output B. development C. share D. economy71. A. state B. consumer C. representative D. supplier72. A. by B. at C. through D. in73. A. products B. market C. employees D. changes74. A. one B. ones C. times D. time75. A. what B. like C. that D. how76. A. ranging B. varying C. swinging D. getting77. A. producing B. products C. servicing D. services78. A. proportion B. number C. quantity D. group79. A. changed B. gone C. applied D. shrunk80. A. Furthermore B. Even C. Therefore D. Hence81. A. armies B. weapons C. factories D. countries82. A. question B. manufacturing C. shift D. rebuilding83. A. with B. as C. given D. if84. A. while B. whose C. who's D. which85. A. give B. is giving C. gives D. gave86. A. repetitive B. various C. creative D. enormousPart Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentence on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87. (任何国家无论在什么情况下都不可以) have the right to use nuclear weapons.88. It’s essential that (他把一切准备好) before the examination .89. The population of America is not large (与中国相比).90. The beggar accepted the one-dollar note (甚至连一声谢谢都没说).91. Life is full of risks (不论你是否喜欢).答案Part 1 作文:(略)Part 2 快速阅读1. N2. Y3. N4. N5. Y6. NG7. Y8. insecurities and anxiety 9. problems 10.strong willedPart 3 听力Section A(11-15) BBBBB (16-20) CDDCD (21-25)CCCBCSection B(26-30) CDBAB (31-35) DDBBCSection C36. topic 37. exaggerated 38. confusing 39. compete40. application 41. handling 42. widespread 43. calculation44. Another example of the same sort of process has been the use of computers by banks to provide up-to-date records of client’s accounts.45. The most successful example is perhaps the use of computers by airlines to control seat reservation an provide information about flights.46. One could take a series of photographs of the area, from which, the amount of rise and fall of the landscape can be analyzed within a few inches.Part 4 阅读(Reading in Depth)Section A(47-51)B) capital; M) inputs; E) varies; J) economic; H) transformation(52-56)A) offer ; L) internal ; F)differently ; k) reducing; O) information; Section B(57-61)BDABC (62-66)ACBBDPart 5 完型(67-76) BDACD ACBCB (77-86) DADBC CBBCAPart 6 翻译87. Under no circumstances should any nation88. get everything ready89. as compared with that of China90. without so much as saying thanks91. whether you like it or not。
四级模拟试题试卷及答案
四级模拟试题试卷及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 根据所听内容，选择正确答案。
A. 他今天没有参加会议。
B. 他参加了会议，但迟到了。
C. 他没有迟到，但错过了会议。
D. 他准时参加了会议。
[答案] B2. B) 根据对话内容，回答以下问题。
What is the woman going to do this weekend?A. Go shopping.B. Visit her parents.C. Stay at home.D. Attend a concert.[答案] B3. C) 根据短文内容，完成句子。
The speaker is talking about _______.A. the importance of environmental protection.B. the latest technology in smartphones.C. the benefits of regular exercise.D. the history of a famous city.[答案] A二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Passage 1[文章内容]...Questions:41. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The history of the company.B. The development of the company.C. The company's products.D. The company's management.[答案] B42. According to the passage, what did the company do last year?A. It expanded its market.B. It reduced its staff.C. It increased its profits.D. It launched a new product.[答案] A2. 阅读下列短文，回答后面的问题。
英语4级模拟试题及答案
英语4级模拟试题及答案一、听力理解（共30分）1. A) 短对话理解根据所听内容，选择正确答案。
(1) What does the man want to do?A. Go to the library.B. Visit the museum.C. Watch a movie.(2) What is the woman's suggestion?A. To eat out.B. To cook at home.C. To order takeout.答案：1. C 2. A2. B) 长对话理解根据所听对话，回答下列问题。
(3) Why does the man feel stressed?(4) What will the woman do next?答案：3. He has a lot of work to do. 4. She will help the man with his work.3. C) 短文理解根据所听短文，回答以下问题。
(5) What is the main topic of the passage?(6) What does the speaker think of the topic?答案：5. The importance of environmental protection.6. The speaker thinks it is very important.二、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
ANowadays, more and more people are concerned about their health. ...(7) What is the main idea of the passage?A. Health is becoming a major concern.B. People are living longer than before.C. The cost of healthcare is increasing.D. There are various ways to stay healthy.(8) What does the author suggest about exercise?A. It is the most important factor for health.B. It should be combined with a healthy diet.C. It is not as important as a balanced diet.D. It can replace the need for a healthy diet.答案：7. A 8. BBThe article discusses the impact of technology on education...(9) What is the author's opinion on technology in education?A. It is beneficial but needs to be used wisely.B. It has no significant impact on learning.C. It should be avoided in educational settings.D. It is the only way to improve education.(10) According to the article, what is the role of teachers?A. To replace technology in the classroom.B. To integrate technology into their teaching.C. To oppose the use of technology in education.D. To focus solely on traditional teaching methods.答案：9. A 10. B三、完型填空（共20分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
4级模拟试题及答案
4级模拟试题及答案一、听力理解（共15分）1. A) 6:00 am B) 7:00 am C) 8:00 am D) 9:00 am根据听力材料，火车的发车时间是（）。
2. A) 20% off B) 30% off C) 40% off D) 50% off根据对话内容，商店的折扣是（）。
二、阅读理解（共30分）3. 根据第一篇文章，作者的主要观点是什么？A) 学习英语很重要。
B) 学习英语并不难。
C) 学习英语需要耐心。
D) 学习英语需要多种方法。
4. 第二篇文章中提到的“global warming”指的是什么？A) 全球经济的升温。
B) 全球气温的升高。
C) 全球文化的融合。
D) 全球政治的热化。
三、完形填空（共20分）5. The teacher asked the students to _______ their homework on time.A) hand inB) hand outC) hand overD) hand down6. Despite the heavy rain, they decided to _______ their journey.A) give upB) carry onC) put offD) slow down四、翻译（共20分）7. 请将下列句子从中文翻译成英文。
“我们应该珍惜自然资源，合理利用它们。
”8. 请将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
“Knowledge is power.”五、写作（共15分）9. 根据以下提示，写一篇不少于120词的短文。
提示：描述你最喜欢的季节，并说明原因。
答案：1. B2. C3. A4. B5. A6. B7. We should cherish natural resources and use them wisely.8. 知识就是力量。
9. [写作答案根据具体内容而定，此处不提供具体答案]。
大学英语四级模拟题一及答案
大学英语四级模拟题一及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of To Getalong with Your Roommates. You should write at least 120 words following the outline givenbelow.1. 室友之间的冲突在校园里常有发生2. 冲突的主要原因3. 室友之间如何和睦相处To Get along with Your Roommate注意：此部分试题在答题卡 1 上。
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer thequestions on Answer sheet 1.For questions 17,markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 810,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Early Childhood Education‘Education T o Be More’ was published last August. It was the report of the New ZealandGovernment’s Early Childhood Care and Education Working Group. The report argued forenhanced equity (公平) of access and better funding for childcare and early childhood educationinstitutions. Unquestionably, that’s a real need;but since parents don’t normally send children topreschoolsuntil the age of three, are we missing out on the most important years of all?A 13yearstudy of early childhood development at Harvard University has shown that, by theage of three, most children have the potential to understand about 1000 words – most of thelanguage they will use in ordinary conversation for the rest of their lives.Furthermore, research has shown that while every child is born with a natural curiosity, it canbe suppressed dramatically during the second and third years of life. Researchers claim that thehuman personality is formed during the first two years of life, and during the first three yearschildren learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school.Once over the age of three, children continue to expand on existing knowledge of the world.It is generally acknowledged that young people from poorer socioeconomicbackgroundstend to do less well in our education system. That’s observed not just in New Zealand, but also inAustralia, Britain and America. In an attempt to overcome that educational underachievement,anationwide program called ‘Headstart’ was launched in the United States in 1965. A lot of moneywas poured into it. It took children into preschoolinstitutions at the age of three and wassupposed to help the children of poorer families succeed in school.Despite substantial funding, results have been disappointing. It is thought that there are twoexplanations for this. First, the program began too late. Many children who entered it at the age ofthree were already behind their peers in language and measurable intelligence. Second, the parentswere not involved. At the end of each day, ‘Headstart’ children returned to the same disadvantagedhome environment.As a result of the growing research evidence of the importance of the first three years of achild’s life and the disappointing results from ‘Headstart’, a pilot program was launched inMissouri in the US that focused on parents as the child’s first teachers. The ‘Missouri’ programwas predicated on research showing that working with the family, rather than bypassing theparents, is the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life. Thefouryearpilot study included 380 families who were about to have their first child and whorepresented a crosssectionof socioeconomicstatus, age and family configurations (结构). Theyincluded singleparentand twoparentfamilies, families in which both parents worked, andfamilies with either the mother or father at home.The program involved trained parent educators visiting the parents’ home and working withthe parent, or parents, and the child. Information on child development, and guidance on things tolook for and expect as the child grows were provided, plus guidance in fostering the child’sintellectual, language, social and motorskilldevelopment. Periodic checkupsof the child’seducational and sensory development (hearing and vision) were made to detect possible handicapsthat interfere with growth and development. Medical problems were referred to professionals.Parenteducatorsmade personal visits to homes and monthly group meetings were held withother new parents to share experience and discuss topics of interest. Parent resource centers,located in school buildings, offered learning materials for families and facilities for child.At the age of three, the children who had been involved in the ‘Missouri’ program wereevaluated alongside a crosssectionof children selected from the same range of socioeconomic backgrounds and family situations, and also a random sample of children that age. The resultswere phenomenal. By the age of three, the children in the program were significantly moreadvanced in language development than their peers, had made greater strides in problem solvingand other intellectual skills, and were further along in social development. In fact, the averagechild on the program was performing at the level of the top 15 to 20 per cent of their peers in suchthings as auditory comprehension, verbal ability and language ability.Most important of all, the traditional measures of ‘risk’, such as parents’ age and education, orwhether they were a single parent, bore little or no relationship to the measures of achievementand language development. Children in the program performed equally well regardless ofsocioeconomicdisadvantages. Child abuse was virtually eliminated. The one factor that wasfound to affect the child’s development was family stress leading to a poor quality of parentchildinteraction. That interaction was not necessarily bad inpoorer families.These research findings are exciting. There is growing evidence in New Zealand that childrenfrom poorer socioeconomicbackgrounds are arriving at school less well developed and that ourschool system tends to perpetuate (使永存) that disadvantage. The initiative outlined above couldbreak that cycle of disadvantage. The concept of working with parents in their homes, or at theirplace of work, contrasts quite markedly with the report of the Early Childhood Care and EducationWorking Group. Their focus is on getting children and mothers access to childcare andinstitutionalized early childhood education. Education from the age of three to five is undoubtedlyvital, but without a similar focus on parent education and on the vital importance of the first threeyears, some evidence indicates that it will not be enough to overcome educational inequity.1. The skills learned by children at age of three will be used in all their later learning in life.2. The ‘Headstart’ program finally succeeded in its aim.3. The ‘Missour’ program supplied many forms of support and training to parents.4. Most ‘Missouri’ program threeyearoldsscored highly in areas such as listening, speaking,reasoning and interacting with others.5. ‘Missouri’ program children of young, uneducated, single parents scored less highly on thetests.6. The richer families in the ‘Missouri’ program had higher stress levels.7. Educational inequity cannot be overcome for children from different family backgrounds.8. The aim of ‘Headstart’ program is to help children from poor families overcome____________________.9. The most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life is____________________.10. The concept of working with parents in their homes contrasts quite markedly with the reportof the Early Childhood Core and ____________________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each section there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre.11. A) To order some medicine for Aunt Margaret.B) To get some exercise.C) To buy some items.D) To see their aunt.12. A) Anyone can do it.B) No one can do it.C) Alex can probably do it.D) Alex probably shouldn’t do it.13. A) Tea is better than coffee.B) The man should switch to tea.C) There are two reasonsnot to drink coffee.D) The man shouldn’t drink either.14. A) At a hairdresser’s. B) At a tailor’s.C) At a butcher’s. D) At a photographer’s.15. A) Angry. B) Tired. C) Hungry. D) Disappointed.16. A) She would like some soup.B) She’s inviting the man to lunch.C) She wants to know if the man likes chicken.D) She ate lunch earlier.17. A) Very few people come to it.B) A good name hasn’t been found for it.C) People d on’t like climbing the stairs to get there.D) She has decided to phone the ticket office.18. A) It was designed by modern artists.B) It will color black and white prints.C) Its merchandise must be carefully sorted through.D) Its best selection is of modern art prints.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) A class presentation they’re preparing.B) A television program the man is watching.C) Visiting a close fiend of theirs.D) Studying for a test.20. A) He’s ta king a break from studying.B) He has already finished studying.C) He was assigned to watch a program by his professor.D) He’s finding out some information for a friend.21. A) He didn’t know that she was enrolled in a mathematic course.B) He thought she preferred to study alone.C) He thought she had made arrangements to study withD) He had told her that he had done poorly on a recent test.22. A) He and Elizabeth argued recently.B) He heard Elizabeth did poorly on the last test.C) He doesn’t want to bother Elizabeth so late in the evening.D) He’d rather study in his own dormitory.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) They look darker.B) They look smaller.C) They look clearer.D) They look cloudier.24. A) It stops working.B) It becomes sharper.C) It confuses odors.D) It defects fewer odors.25. A) They both have leg injuries.B) They’re too tired to walk any farther.C) They have no umbrella with them.D) They’ve seen no signs to give them directions.Section B:Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) To do as much as you can.B) To do only what is necessary.C) To act carefully and quickly.D) To do what is necessary as carefully and quickly as possible.27. A) Leave him lying where he is.B) Do as much as you can to save him.C) Put his arms and legs in place.D) Roll him up in a blanket.28. A) Stop the flow of blood if the person is bleeding.B) Perform the operation whenever necessary.C) Do artificial respiration if the person has stopped breathing.D) Do the best you can until a doctor arrives.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) A few inches above the knee.B) A little below the knee.C) Down to the ankle.D) Floorlength.30. A) Boots. B) Sneakers. C) Slippers. D) Leather shoes.31. A) Fashions change overtime.B) Men are thriftier than women.C) Skirts and shoes are more important than other clothing.D) Some clothing may suit all occasions.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Energy conservation.B) Transportation of the future.C) Strip cities.D) Advantages of air transportation over railroads.33. A) A lack of available flights.B) Long delays at the airport.C) Tiredness on long flights.D) Long trips to and from airports.34. A) It uses nuclear energy.B) It rests on a cushion of pressurized air.C) It flies over magnetically activated tracks.D) It uses a device similar with engine35. A) They are subject to fires.B) They become less fuelefficient.C) They produce too much noise.D) They have trouble staying on the tracks.Section C:Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for thefirst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exactwords you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in themissing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heardor write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for thethird time, you should check what you have written.Doctors are starting to believe that laughter not only improves your state of mind, butactually affects your entire physical wellbeing.Britai n’s first (36) ________ therapist, RobertHolden says: “Instinctively we know that laughing help us feel healthy and alive. Each time welaugh we feel better and more (37) __________.”A French newspaper found that in 1930 the French laughed on average for nineteen minutesper day. By 1980 this had fallen to six minutes. Eight per cent of the people (38) _________ saidthat they would like to laugh more. Other (39) _________ suggests that children laugh on averageabout 400 times a day, but by the time they reach (40) __________ this had been (41) _________to about fifteen times. Somewhere in the process of growing up we lose an (42) _______ 385laughs a day.William Fry, a psychiatrist from California studied the (43) _________of laughter on thebody. He got patients to watch funny films, and monitored their blood pressure, heart rate andmuscle tone. He found that laughter has a similar effect to physical exercise. (44) _________________________________________________________________________ _________. It alsomakes our facial and stomach muscles work. Fry thinks laughter is a type of jogging on the spot.Laughter can even provide a kind of pain relief. Fry had proved that laughter producesendorphinschemicalsin the body that relieve pain. Researchers divided forty university studentsinto four groups. The first group listened to a funny cassette for twenty minutes. The other threegroups (45) ____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________. Researchers found that if theyproduce pain in the students, (46) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________. Some doctors are convinced thathumor should be a part of every medical consultation, as there is evidence to suggest that laughterstimulates the immune system.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are requested to select oneword for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank morethan once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed ahitlistof our main fears: natural resources are 47 out;the population is ever growing,leaving less and less to eat; species are becoming 48 in vast numbers, and the planet’sair and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other naturalresources have become more 49 not less so, since the book ‘The Limits to Growth’ waspublished in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more food is now produced per 50 ofthe world’s population than at any time in history. Fewer people are 51 . Third, althoughspecies are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in thenext 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been 52 . And finally, most forms ofenvironmental pollution either appear to have been 53 , or are transient – associated withthe early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth,but by 54 it. One form of pollution –the release of greenhouse gases that causes globalwarming – does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but itstotal impact is unlikely to 55 a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A biggerproblem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standardsare declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between 56 and reality.A) pose I) starvingB) exaggerated J) headC) accelerating K) runningD) extinct L) predictedE) exist M) abundantF) perception N) conceptionG) wealthy O) reducingH) magnifiedSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Most conceptions of the process of motivation begin with the assumption that behavior is, atleast in part, directed towards the attainment of goals or towards the satisfaction of needs ormotives. Accordingly, it is appropriate to begin our consideration of motivation in the work placeby examining the motives for working. Simon points out that an organization should be able tosecure the participation of a person by offering him inducements（引诱）which contribute in someway to at least one of his goals. The kinds of inducements offered by an organization are varied,and if they are effective in maintaining participation they must necessarily be based on the needsof the individuals.Maslow examines in detail what these needs are. He points out not only that there are manyneeds ranging from basic physiological drives such as hunger to a more abstract desire forselfrealization,but also that they are arranged in a hierarchy（等级制度）whereby the lowerorderneeds must to a large degree be satisfied before the higherorderones come into play.One of the most obvious ways in which work organizations attract and retain members isthrough the realization that economic factors are not the only inducement for working as indicatedby Morse and Weiss. In line with the social respect and selfrealizationneeds discussed by Maslow,factors such as associations with others, selfrespectgained through the work, and a high interestvalue of the work can serve effectively to induce people to work.57. According to Maslow, a work organization is able to motivate people to work by _______.A) satisfying their physiological needsB) satisfying their selfrealizationneedsC) satisfying hierarchy of their higherorderneedD) first satisfying their lowerorderneeds58. Lowerorderneeds concern a person’s _______.A) essential physical needs C) selfrealizationB) selfrespectD) working relationships with others59. Which of the following is NOT a higher need that attractspeople to work?A) Association with others. C) Interest value of the work.B) Possibility of earning a good salary. D) Cultivation of selfrespect.60. Which of the following statements may be supported by Morse and Weiss?A) Physiological needs are the most basic.B) There is a hierarchy of needs that must be met.C) Economic factors are the greatest inducement.D) Personalesteem and the gaining of power is the most important factor.61. Simon points out that ________.A) the needs of individuals range from hunger to selfrealizationB) economic factors are not the only inducement for workingC) effective inducements must be based on what individuals wantD) inducements must not be too variedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The justification for a university is that it preserves the connection between knowledge andthe zest of life, by uniting the young and the old in the imaginative consideration of learning. Theuniversity imparts information, but it imparts it imaginatively. At least, this is the function which itshould perform for society. A university which fails in this respect has no reason for existence.This atmosphere of excitement, arising from imaginativeconsideration, transforms knowledge. Afact is no longer a burden on the memory, it is energizing as the poet of our dreams and as thearchitect of our purposes.Imagination is not to be divorced from the facts: it is a way of illuminating the facts. It worksby eliciting the general principles which apply to the facts, as they exist, and then by anintellectual survey of alternative possibilities which are consistent with those principles. It enablesmen to construct an intellectual vision of a new world, and it preserves the zest of life by thesuggestion of satisfying purposes.Youth is imaginative, and if the imagination be strengthened by discipline, this energy ofimagination can in great measure be preserved through life. The tragedy of the world is that thosewho are imaginative have but slight experience, and those who are experienced have feebleimagination. Fools act on imagination without knowledge;pedants（学究）act on knowledgewithout imagination. The task of university is to weld together imagination and experience.62. The main theme of the passage is ____.A) the access to knowledge in universityB) the function of universitiesC) the role of imagination in our livesD) the relationship between imagination and experience63. According to the passage, the justification for a university is that ____.A) it presents facts and experience to young and oldB) it imparts knowledge to imaginative peopleC) it combines imagination with knowledge and experienceD) it enables men to construct an intellectual vision of the world64. The word “eliciting” in paragraph 2 probably means ____.A) applying C) drawing forthB) challenging D) preserving65. Which of the following is NOT discussed as one of the things imagination can do?A) It makes our life exciting and worthwhile.B) It helps us to understand the world.C) It helps us to formulate Laws about the facts.D) It provides inspiration to the artists.66. According to the author, the tragedy of the world is that ____.A) our energy of imagination cannot be preservedB) our imagination is seldom disciplinedC) we grow old inevitablyD) too many people are either fools or pedantsPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that bestfits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.In a telephone survey of more than 2,000 adults, 21% said they believed the sun revolved (旋转) around the earth. An ___67___ 7% did not know which revolved around ___68___ I have nodoubt that ___69___ all of these people were ___70___ in school that the earth revolves aroundthe sun; ___71___ may even have written it ___72___ a test. But they never ___73___ theirincorrect mental models of planetary (行星的) ___74___ because their everyday observationsdidn’t sup port ___75___ their teachers told them: People see the sun “moving” ___76___ the skyas morning turns to night, and the earth seems stationary (静止的) ___77__ that is happening.Students can learn the right answers ___78___ heart in class, and yet never combined them___79__ their working models of the world. The objectively correct answer the professor acceptsand the ___80___ personal understanding of the world can ___81___ side by side, each unaffectedby the other.Outside of class, the student continues to sue the ___82___ model because it has alwaysworked well ___83___ that circumstance. Unless professors address ___84___ errors in students’personal models of the world, students are not ___85___ to replace them with the ___86___ one.67. A) excessive B) extra C) additional D) added68. A) what B) which C) that D) other69. A) virtually B) remarkably C) ideally D) preferably70. A) learned B) suggested C) taught D) advised71. A) those B) these C) who D) they72. A) on B) with C) under D) for73. A) formed B) altered C) believed D) thought74. A) operation B) position C) motion D) location75. A) how B) which C) that D) what76. A) around B) across C) on D) above77. A) since B) so C) while D) for78. A) to B) by C) in D) with79. A) with B) into C) to D) along80. A) adult’s B) teacher’s C) scientist’s D) student’s81. A) exist B) occur C) survive D) maintain82. A) private B) individual C) personal D) own83. A) in B) with C) on D) for84. A) general B) natural C) similar D) specific85. A) obliged B) likely C) probable D) partial86. A) perfect B) better C) reasonable D) correctPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinesegiven in brackets.87. _____________________________( 只要每个中国人) works to his capacity in theconstruction of China’s economy, the rise of Chinese nation is round the corner.88. With a special train ticket you can ___________________________________（任何国家旅行）in Europe for just over 100 pounds.89. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, thenumber of tourists_________________________ (和以前一样多).90. The hotel manager, ________________________(我向他投诉过) about the service，refunded part of our bill.91. The Tower of London, _____________________________________________ (在里面曾有许多人丧命) is now a tourist attraction.答案Part I WritingTo Get along with Your RoommateRoommate conflicts among college students are often heard on campus over recent years.Study shows that these conflicts make the excitement of campus life grow grey and have badeffects on both their living and learning.Roommate conflicts often spring from daily trivial things such as time when to turn off thelight and space where to store luggage or personal belongs. When pe rsonalities don’t mix, thespecifics can tear roommates apart and sometimes even lead to serious conflicts. Besides, the factthat roommates hold different attitudes towards certain issue is another factor causing theseconflicts.Roommate conflicts are harmful and need to be settled. Though many people think that schooldiscipline can soften the conflicts, I believe learning to be tolerant with each other can play a moreconstructive role because it teaches students flexibility and。
大学英语英语4级(含答案) (1)
大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. She wants to know whether the measures have been agreed ______.A. toB. withC. aboutD. upon2. He felt it rather difficult to make a stand _____ the opinion of the majority.A. againstB. byC. toD. in3. When my aunt lost her cat last summer, it turned ______ a week later at a house in the next village.A. inB. outC. upD. over4. To our delight, she quickly adapted herself _______ this situation.A. withB. ofC. toD. into5. If there is space available, the deadline for applying ________ an undergraduate college or school may be extended.A. inB. onC. forD. to6. The TV station probably will be back _______ no earlier than this afternoon because of difficulties in locating a part.A. in the airB. on the airC. in airD. to the air7. He is indifferent ______ hardships and dangers.A. ofB. atC. inD. to8. You can't go _______ your promise now; we are depending on you.A. back ofB. back onC. off withD. out of9. I knew her ______ but I have never actually spoken to her.A. from sightB. in sightC. by sightD. on sight10. Sugar is good _______ most people, but harmful ________ diabetics.A. for, toB. to, forC. for, inD. to, with11. You don't have to worry ________ we are here.A. whileB. even ifC. thoughD. until12. The teachers whispered _______ they should disturb the students.A. in order thatB. provided thatC. in caseD. with the result that13. What is music? Some people define it as an artful _______ of sounds across time.A. engagementB. appointmentC. arrangementD. enlargement14. The collapse of the World Trade Center has put US economy in a difficult ______.A. occasionB. caseC. backgroundD. situation15. Mother made a cake ______ for me.A. speciallyB. especiallyC. particularlyD. essentially16.- Are you a singer as well as an actress?( )-No. it's not a singer___.A. at allB. after allC. in allD. for all17.We spent half an hour waiting for the bus.( )finally we went home on foot.A. Of forB. Or tooC. So muchD. but18.Every morning my little dog is the first____ up at my bed and gentiy wake me up.( )A. Turns isB. to turnC. Turn toD. turning19.--i introduce myself? My name is Meg Johnson.( )Nice to meet you, Mr. Johnson.A. Must isB. ShouldC. Need netD. Mays20.The boss made them.___ten hours day. ( )A.worked toB.workingC.workD.to work二、翻译（共5小题，每小题3分；共计15分）1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
test 1
Test 1Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:1. 上图所示为1990年、1995年、2002年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)；3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。
Part II Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) His father. B) His mother. C) His brother. D) His sister.2. A) A job opportunity. B) A position as general manager.C) A big travel agency. D) An inexperienced salesman.3. A) Having a break. B) Continuing the meeting.C) Moving on to the next item. D) Waiting a little longer.4. A) The weather forecast says it will be fine. B) The weather doesn’t count in their plan.C) They will not do as planned in case of rain. D) They will postpone their program if it rains.5. A) He wishes to have more courses like it. B) He finds it hard to follow the teacher.C) He wishes the teacher would talk more. D) He doesn’t like the teacher’s accent.6. A) Go on with the game. B) Draw pictures on the computer.C) Review his lessons. D) Have a good rest.7. A) She does not agree with Jack. B) Jack’s performance is disappointing.C) Most people will find basketball boring. D) She shares Jack’s opinion.8. A) The man went to a wrong check-in counter. B) The man has just missed his flight.C) The plane will leave at 9:14. D) The plane’s departure time remains unknown.9. A) At a newsstand. B) At a car dealer’s.C) At a publishing house. D) At a newspaper office.10. A) He wants to get a new position. B) He is asking the woman for help.C) He has left the woman a good impression. D) He enjoys letter writing.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) They are interested in other kinds of reading.B) They are active in voluntary services.C) They tend to be low in education and in income.D) They live in isolated areas.12. A) The reasons why –people don’t read newspapers are more complicated than assumed.B) There are more uneducated people among the wealthy than originally expected.C) The number of newspaper readers is steadily increasing.D) There are more nonreaders among young people nowadays.13. A) Lowering the prices of their newspapers.B) Shortening their news stories.C) Adding variety to their newspaper content.D) Including more advertisements in their newspapers.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) A basket. B) A cup. C) A egg. D) An oven.15. A) To let in the sunshine. B) To serve as its door.C) To keep the nest cool. D) For the bird to lay eggs.16. A) Branches. B) Grasses. C) Mud. D) Straw.17. A) Some are built underground. B) Some can be eaten.C) Most are sewed with grasses. D) Most are dried by the sun.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) To examine the chemical elements in the Ice Age.B) To look into the pattern of solar wind activity.C) To analyze the composition of different trees.D) To find out the origin of carbon-14 on Earth.19. A) The lifecycle of trees. B) The number of trees.C) The intensity of solar burning. D) The quality of air.20. A) It affects the growth of trees. B) It has been increasing since the Ice Age.C) It is determined by the chemicals in the air. D) It follows a certain cycle.Section CPerhaps the most ____S1____ building of the nineteeth century was the Crystal Palace,which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of____S2____ and glass. It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from____S3____ parts of the world. There was also a great deal of machinery ____S4____ The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth's ___S5_____. Though in those days, traveling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of ___S6_____ across the Channel from Europe. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. There were six million visitors in all, and the ___S7_____ from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. Later, the Crystal Palace was moved to South London. It ____S8____ one of the most famous buildings in the world until it was _____S9___ in ____S10____.Part III Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member”were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress—it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!”If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many—like the death of a loved one—are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.21. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us ________.A) the way you handle major events may cause stressB) what should be done to avoid stressC) what kind of event would cause stressD) how to cope with sudden changes in life22. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ________.A) widespread concern over its harmful effectsB) great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC) an intensive research into stress-related illnessesD) popular avoidance of stressful jobs23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.A) how much pressure you are under B) how positive events can change your lifeC) how stressful a major event can be D) how you can deal with life-changing events24. Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?A) No one can stay on the same job for long. B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.C) People have to get married someday. D) You could be missing opportunities as well.25. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ________.A) nervous when faced with difficulties B) physically and mentally strainedC) more capable of coping with adversity D) indifferent toward what happens to themPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Most episodes of absent-mindedness—forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room—are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded it deeply.”Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in you wardrobe (衣柜). “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter. “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.” Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory relies on just that.Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,” he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,” says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.26. Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?A) It helps us understand our memory system better.B) It enables us to recall something form our memory.C) It expands our memory capacity considerably.D) It slows down the process of losing our memory.27. One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ________.A) they have a wider range of interests B) they are more reliant on the environmentC) they have an unusual power of focusing their attentionD) they are more interested in what’s happening around them28. A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because ________.A) it will easily get lost B) it’s not clear enough for you to readC) it’s out of your sight D) it might get mixed up with other things29. What do we learn from the last paragraph?A) If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.B) Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.C) Repetition helps improve our memory.D) If we keep forgetting things, we’d better return to where we were.30. What is the passage mainly about?A) The process of gradual memory loss. B) The causes of absent-mindedness.C) The impact of the environment on memory. D) A way if encoding and recalling.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.So biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the Navy, they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans.Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption (爆发) for the first time and that they plan similar studies.Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures.The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second—slower than through land but faster than through air. What is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (听诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles.31. The passage is chiefly about ________.A) an effort to protect an endangered marine speciesB) the civilian use of a military detection systemC) the exposure of a U.S. Navy top-secret weaponD) a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales32. The underwater listening system was originally designed ________.A) to trace and locate enemy vessels B) to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptionsC) to study the movement of ocean currentsD) to replace the global radio communications network33. The deep-sea listening system makes use of ________.A) the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under waterB) the capability of sound to travel at high speedC) the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting soundD) low-frequency sounds traveling across different layers of water34. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.A) new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whalesB) blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening systemC) opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technologyD) military technology has great potential in civilian use35. Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network?A) It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.B) It has been replaced by a more advanced system.C) It became useless to the military after the cold war.D) It is indispensable in protecting endangered species.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.The fitness movement that began in the late 1960s and early 1970s centered around aerobic exercise (有氧操). Millions of individuals became engaged in a variety of aerobic activities, and literally thousands of health spas developed around the country to capitalize (获利) on this emerging interest in fitness, particularly aerobic dancing for females. A number of fitness spas existed prior to this aerobic fitness movement, even a national chain with spas in most major cities. However, their focus was not on aerobics, but rather on weight-training programs designed to develop muscular mass, strength, and endurance in their primarily male enthusiasts. These fitness spas did not seem to benefit financially form the aerobic fitness movement to better health, since medical opinion suggested that weight-training programs offered few, if any, health benefits. In recent years, however, weight training has again become increasingly popular for males and for females. Many current programs focus not only on developing muscular strength and endurance but on aerobic fitness as well.Historically, most physical-fitness tests have usually included measures of muscular strength and endurance, not for health-related reasons, but primarily because such fitness components have been related to performance in athletics. However, in recent years, evidence has shown that training programs designed primarily to improve muscular strength and endurance might also offer some health benefits as well. The American College of Sports Medicine now recommends that weight training be part of a total fitness program for healthy Americans. Increased participation in such training is one of the specific physical activity and fitness objectives of Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.36. The word “spas” (Line 3, Para. 1) most probably refers to ________.A) sports activities B) places for physical exerciseC) recreation centers D) athletic training programs37. Early fitness spas were intended mainly for ________.A) the promotion of aerobic exercise B) endurance and muscular developmentC) the improvement of women’s figures D) better performance in aerobic dancing38. What was the attitude of doctors towards weight training in health improvement?A) Positive. B) Indifferent. C) Negative. D) Cautious.39. People were given physical fitness tests in order to find out ________.A) how ell they could do in athletics B) what their health condition was likeC) what kind of fitness center was suitable for themD) whether they were fit for aerobic exercise40. Recent studies have suggested that weight training ________.A) has become an essential part of people’s life B) may well affect the health of the traineesC) will attract more people in the days to come D) contributes to health improvement as wellPart IV Translation老帽山位于普兰店市北部、全国战斗英雄于庆阳的家乡--同益乡，其主峰海拔848米。
4级模拟试题
4级模拟试题四级模拟试题Part I: Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section A: Short Conversations (10 questions)1. M: Have you finished your assignment yet?W: No, I still have a few more pages to read.2. M: Are we going to have a meeting tomorrow?W: Yes, it's scheduled for 2 p.m. in the conference room.3. M: Did you hear about the new restaurant that opened downtown?W: Yeah, I heard it's really popular. We should check it out sometime.4. M: I can't find my wallet anywhere. Have you seen it?W: I saw it on the kitchen counter this morning. Maybe it's still there.5. M: What's the weather like today?W: It's sunny and warm. Perfect for a picnic in the park.6. M: Did you buy the tickets for the concert?W: No, they were sold out by the time I got to the ticket office.7. M: Do you want to come over for dinner this evening?W: I'd love to, but I have plans with my family tonight.8. M: Can you believe it? The company is giving us a bonus this year.W: That's great news! We've all been working really hard.9. M: What do you think of the new English teacher?W: I find her lectures quite interesting and engaging.10. M: Are you going to attend the seminar on Friday?W: Yes, I've already registered and paid the registration fee.Section B: Passages (10 questions)Passage 1Are you tired of your daily routine? Feeling stressed out and in need of a break? Well, why not try a yoga retreat? Yoga retreats are becoming increasingly popular for people seeking relaxation and rejuvenation. Located in serene and picturesque destinations, these retreats offer a variety of yoga classes, meditation sessions, and healthy meals. Participants can immerse themselves in a peaceful environment, away from the distractions of daily life. Whether you're a seasoned yogi or a total beginner, a yoga retreat is a great opportunity to take care of your body and mind.11. What are yoga retreats designed for?A. Business training.B. Sightseeing purposes.C. Stress relief and relaxation.D. Adventurous activities.12. What can participants do at yoga retreats?A. Visit tourist attractions.B. Attend yoga classes and meditation sessions.C. Take part in extreme sports.D. Relax in luxury spas.13. Who can benefit from attending a yoga retreat?A. Only experienced yoga practitioners.B. People looking for high-intensity workouts.C. Individuals seeking peace and tranquility.D. Tourists interested in local cultures.Passage 2Do you find it hard to concentrate while studying? You're not alone. Many students struggle with distractions and lack of focus. However, there are several strategies you can try to improve your study habits. First, create a dedicated study space that is free from noise and other disruptions. This will help you stay focused and minimize distractions. Second, break your study sessions into shorter intervals. Research shows that studying for 25-30 minutes, followed by a short break, can boost productivity. Finally, make sure to take care of your physical and mental health. Get enough sleep, eat nutritious meals, and practice relaxation techniques to reduce stress.14. What problem do many students encounter while studying?A. Lack of motivation.B. Difficulty finding study materials.C. Distractions and inability to concentrate.D. Lack of access to learning resources.15. What is one strategy mentioned to improve study habits?A. Studying in a noisy environment.B. Extending study sessions to several hours.C. Taking frequent short breaks during study sessions.D. Skipping meals to save time for more studying.16. What does research suggest about study sessions?A. They should be longer than 30 minutes.B. They should be conducted in groups.C. They should be followed by intense physical exercise.D. They should involve a variety of educational materials.Passage 3Are you considering pursuing a career in environmental science? If so, you will have numerous opportunities to make a positive impact on the planet. Environmental scientists study the natural world and work towards finding solutions to environmental problems. They play a crucial role in addressing issues such as climate change, pollution, and biodiversity loss. By conducting research, analyzing data, and implementing strategies, environmental scientists contribute to the sustainable development of oursociety. With an increasing global focus on environmental issues, this field offers diverse and rewarding career paths.17. What do environmental scientists aim to achieve?A. Maintaining the status quo of the natural world.B. Creating new environmental problems.C. Finding solutions to environmental challenges.D. Advancing the industrial sector.18. What are some of the environmental problems mentioned in the passage?A. Economic inequality and political unrest.B. Technological advancements and automation.C. Climate change and pollution.D. Educational disparities and healthcare issues.19. How do environmental scientists contribute to society?A. By conducting scientific experiments.B. By analyzing financial data.C. By developing new technologies.D. By addressing environmental issues.That's the end of the listening section.Part II: Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (10 questions)Read the following passage and answer the questions below.Title: The Benefits of Learning a Second LanguageMany people question the value of learning a second language, especially if they already speak a widely-spoken language like English. However, research has shown that there are numerous benefits to bilingualism. First of all, learning a second language enhances cognitive abilities and can improve problem-solving skills. Bilingual individuals have been found to have greater mental flexibility and better attention control. They can switch between tasks more efficiently, adapt to new situations more quickly, and demonstrate advanced analytical thinking.Secondly, speaking a second language opens up a world of cultural opportunities. Language is deeply intertwined with culture, and by learning another language, you gain access to different customs, traditions, and ways of thinking. This can lead to greater empathy and understanding of people from diverse backgrounds. Additionally, being bilingual increases your employability. In an increasingly globalized world, companies highly value employees who can communicate with international clients and navigate different cultural contexts.20. What has research shown about bilingual individuals?A. They have weaker cognitive abilities than monolinguals.B. They have poor attention control compared to monolinguals.C. They have greater mental flexibility and advanced analytical thinking.D. They demonstrate slower adaptation to new situations than monolinguals.21. How does learning a second language contribute to cultural understanding?A. By limiting exposure to different customs and traditions.B. By promoting empathy and understanding of diverse backgrounds.C. By discouraging interaction with people from other cultures.D. By restricting access to cultural opportunities.22. Why do companies highly value bilingual employees?A. Because they can navigate different cultural contexts.B. Because they have superior problem-solving skills.C. Because they restrict business communication to a single language.D. Because they are less adaptable to new situations.Section B: Cloze Test (10 questions)Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.Title: The Power of Positive ThinkingPositive thinking is an essential mindset that can greatly impact our lives. It involves cultivating a (23) _______ and optimistic outlook, even inchallenging situations. While it may seem difficult to maintain a positive attitude (24) _______ faced with adversity, it can lead to numerous benefits for our physical and mental well-being.Studies have shown that positive thinking can (25) _______ stress levels and improve overall health. When we think positively, our bodies release hormones such as dopamine and endorphins, which promote feelings of happiness and reduce (26) _______. This can boost our immune system, lower blood pressure, and decrease the risk of certain diseases.In addition, positive thinking enhances our problem-solving skills and (27) _______ resilience. When we approach problems with a positive mindset, we are more likely to think creatively and find effective solutions. Moreover, a positive attitude fosters (28) _______ relationships and social connections, as it often attracts like-minded individuals and inspires others.While positive thinking alone may not solve all of life's challenges, it does empower us to tackle (29) _______ with a mindset of possibility rather than defeat. By embracing positivity, we open ourselves to new opportunities, personal growth, and a greater sense of happiness and fulfillment.23. A. negative B. stagnant C. dynamic D. positive24. A. as B. but C. if D. or25. A. increase B. decrease C. maintain D. ignore26. A. stress B. energy C. motivation D. confidence27. A. hinder B. encourage C. limit D. suppress28. A. distant B. strained C. healthy D. toxic29. A. problems B. achievements C. distractions D. opportunitiesThat's the end of the reading section.Part III: Writing (30 minutes)Write an essay of about 300 words on the following topic:The Importance of Volunteer WorkVolunteering is an activity that involves offering one's time and skills to help others in need, without expecting anything in return. While many people may view volunteering as an additional burden on their already busy schedules, it is essential to recognize the importance and benefits of this selfless act.First and foremost, volunteer work plays a crucial role in addressing societal issues and creating positive change. Volunteers contribute to community development by providing support to marginalized groups, such as the elderly, homeless individuals, or refugees. They offer valuable assistance in areas such as education, healthcare, and environmental conservation. Without volunteers, many non-profit organizations and charity initiatives would struggle to function and fulfill their missions.In addition to benefiting the recipients of volunteer work, individuals who engage in volunteering also experience personal growth and development. By dedicating their time to help others, volunteers gain a sense of fulfillment, purpose, and satisfaction. They develop empathy, as they interact with individuals from diverse backgrounds and gain a deeperunderstanding of different life experiences. Volunteering also provides opportunities for acquiring new skills, building networks, and enhancing one's resume, which can be beneficial for future career prospects.Furthermore, volunteer work fosters a stronger sense of community and social cohesion. When people come together for a common cause, social barriers and divisions are often dissolved. Volunteering creates a sense of belonging and unity among individuals who share similar values and aspirations. It strengthens social bonds, promotes mutual support, and enhances social harmony.In conclusion, volunteer work is of great importance as it addresses societal needs, contributes to personal growth, and fosters community cohesion. By offering our time and skills to help others, we not only make a positive impact on the lives of those in need but also enrich our own lives in countless ways. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals and society as a whole to recognize the value and embrace the spirit of volunteerism.。
4级考试模拟测试题及答案
4级考试模拟测试题及答案一、听力部分（共30分）1. 根据所听对话，选择正确答案。
A. 他昨天去了图书馆。
B. 他今天去了图书馆。
C. 他明天打算去图书馆。
D. 他没有去过图书馆。
[答案：B]2. 根据所听短文，回答以下问题：Q: 短文中提到了哪些地方？A: 短文中提到了公园、电影院和博物馆。
[答案：公园、电影院和博物馆]二、阅读部分（共30分）1. 阅读以下短文，判断下列句子是否正确。
A. 文章主要讨论了环境保护的重要性。
B. 文章提到了人们应该减少使用塑料。
C. 文章建议人们多使用公共交通工具。
D. 文章认为个人的努力对环境保护没有作用。
[答案：A、B、C正确，D错误]2. 阅读以下段落，回答问题。
Q: 作者为什么选择骑自行车上班？A: 作者选择骑自行车上班是因为这样既环保又健康。
[答案：既环保又健康]三、写作部分（共20分）1. 根据以下提示写一篇不少于120字的短文。
提示：你的朋友最近感到压力很大，你给他写了一封信，建议他如何缓解压力。
[范文]亲爱的李明，听说你最近压力很大，我想给你一些建议。
首先，你可以尝试做一些运动，比如跑步或游泳，这有助于减轻压力。
其次，与朋友和家人交流也是一个很好的方法。
最后，保持积极的心态，相信自己能够克服困难。
希望这些建议对你有所帮助。
祝好，张华四、翻译部分（共20分）1. 将以下句子从中文翻译成英文。
A. 我们应该尊重每个人的选择。
B. 这个城市的交通非常便利。
[答案]A. We should respect everyone's choice.B. The transportation in this city is very convenient.结束语：本模拟测试题旨在帮助考生熟悉4级考试的题型和难度，希望考生能够通过练习提高自己的英语水平，并在考试中取得优异的成绩。
祝所有考生好运！。
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2011 National Business Foreign Language Translation Skill’s Level Test 2011年全国商务外语翻译技能等级考试英语高级翻译员试题(Level 4)Part One V ocabularyDirections：There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1.I have experience in finance and _________ .A) account B) accountsC) accountant D) accountancy2.What the customers and market need is our business orientation, credit, mutual benefit, amity and highefficiency is our___________.A) business principle B) business centerC) business loan D) business budget3.The work was finished on time and within __________ .A) budget B) billboardC) credit D) efficiency4.The __________may involve a series of intermediate staging points.A) actual price B) account balanceC) actual delivery D) account number5.We have entrusted the matter to our representative, who will have a __________ with you.A) business discussion B) business forecastingC) business report D) business recession6.You will appreciate the convenience of a _____________ in our new branch.A) counter sample B) credit accountC) credit agency D) credit limit7.The terrible _________ did not dispose him to accept the position.A)voluntary private plans B) usual practiceC) work order D) working condition8.Yes, do you have allowance for transportation as well a housing packages, medical insurance, __________and annuity.A) unemployment insurance B) under expenditureC) trade creation D) ultimate goal9. So, motorcycle export is mainly in terms of KD in stead of CBU because of the high _________ and industrial policy.A) food inflation B) price of groceriesC) transport costs D) minimal transport10. Examples of direct taxes are income tax and _________ .A) city building duty B) stamp dutyC) property duty D) standard of living11. Concerning the trade and price system in CMEA, the member states pursued of ________ of foreign trade.A) state monopoly B) monopoly commoditiesC) national autonomous areas D) sole distribution12. Road and __________ ought to work hand and glove.A) urban development B) favorable conditionsC) mass transport facility D) rail transport13. We should consider our __________ when setting our price structure.A) net sales B) overseas buyerC) profit margin D) professional design14. Tax policy, __________and banking controls will have a great effect on the economy.A) monetary policy B) inflation rateC) international agreement D) economical operation15. When you buy a bond, you are --------- for a certain period of time to the issuer, be it General Electric or UncleSam.A) loaning your account B) loaning your moneyC) making your bargain D) making your high profits16. In the countryside, the __________ that prevailed in the past has not been replaced by the collective economy.A) socialist public economy B) socialist economyC) foreign investment capital D) individual economy17. The ________ of these regions increased by 14. 2 percent over that of the year before;A) financial revenue B) development of businessesC) financial expenditure D) capital source18. Commission will be paid by ________ usually after our receipt of fully payment.A) specified sum B) demand draftC) defense bond D) deposit rate19. A ________is not an effective acceptance unless the offeror agrees to the condition.A) relevant legislation B) continental shelfC) constructive total loss D) conditional acceptance20. A ________ budget presents plans for purchasing long-term capital assets.A) investment decision B) capital goodsC) capital expenditures D) capital in generalPart Two business Technical TermsSection ADirections: There are ten Chinese business technical terms in this part. Translate them into English.1.往返的行程2.预收货款3.可变资本4.信托合约5.银行汇款单6.集装箱运输7.顺差8.非居民账户9.来料加工10.现金配股Section BDirections:There are ten English business technical terms in this part. Translate them into Chinese.1.anti-fake label2.book balance3.business intelligence4.channel discountbination budget6.excise tax7.household economy8.insurance treaty9.payment on term10.strike a bargainPart Three TranslationSection ADirections:There is a passage in this part. Translate them into Chinese.Passage AAnalyzing the economy of the Middle East helps enterprises of our country to trade with the Middle East, and also offers the theoretical foundation for our country to make the foreign trade policy in the Middle East area. This text is divided into three parts. First part analyses the economic situation of the Middle East after Iraqi war by dividing Arab countries into oil-producing countries and non-oil-producing countries.Passage BIn the 1990s financial crisis broken out in many countries and regions were related not only to bubble economy, adverse trade balance of payment and excessive foreign loans, but also to speculative attacks of international short term capital under the circumstances of financial markets going globe, especially those of hedging funds.Section BDirections: There is a passage in this part. Translate them into English.Passage A坚持和完善以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，毫不动摇地巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇地鼓励、支持和引导个体、私营等非公有制经济发展。