癌症是一种严重威胁人类健康和生命的疾病

目录

目录 (1)

摘要 (2)

Abstract (3)

第一章引言 (6)

1．1研究的必要性 (6)

1．2肺肿瘤的成因及鉴别 (7)

第二章图像及图像处理 (8)

2．1图像与视觉的关系 (8)

2．2 图像处理 (10)

2．2．1模拟图像处理 (11)

2．2．2数字图像处理 (11)

第三章IVIATLAB综述肿瘤图象分析 (15)

3．1 MATLAB的功能和组成 (15)

3．1．1 MATLAB的功能 (15)

3．1．2 Matlab的组成 (16)

3．2 MatIab图像处理工具箱 (18)

3．2．1图像文件简介 (18)

3．2．2黑白图像的几大类型及简介 (20)

3．3 MatLab中位图图像的显示及相互关系 (23)

第四章实验所用图像的获取 (25)

4．1本实验所用的实验装置 (25)

4．2 CT图像的特点 (25)

4．3本实验所采用的CT扫描方式 (26)

4．4实验过程 (27)

第五章肺肿瘤图像处理的软件实现 (29)

5．1调整对比度 (29)

5．2图像求反 (30)

5．3直方图处理 (31)

5．4边缘检测 (33)

5．4．1 Robert算子 (33)

5．4．2 Prewitt算子 (35)

5．4．3 LOG算子 (36)

5．4．5 Canny算子 (37)

5．5二值图像 (37)

5．5．1二值图像简介 (37)

5．5．2 对图像处理方法的数理统计分析 (38)

结束语 (40)

参考文献 (41)

致谢 (42)

摘要

癌症是一种严重威胁人类健康和生命的疾病，近半个世纪来，世界上许多国

家的肺癌发病率逐年上升。而且直到目前为止，人类还没有找出一种行之有效的办法来治愈和抑制肿瘤。正因为如此，癌症已成为人类第一杀手。医疗上检测、诊断癌症的方法有多种，其中放射检查是最重要、最直接的检测手段。但是，早期肿瘤在放射检查的片子上(包括x光片、CT片等)是显现不出柬或显现不清楚的，既然这样，就无法定性肿瘤。可一旦到了肿瘤在片子上显现清楚了，病人就已经进入了患病的晚期阶段，失去了治疗的最佳时期。那么把早期肿瘤显现不清楚的图像通过图像处理，让它变得清楚一些，更加有利于医生分析和研究，更加有利于医生诊断。对于肿瘤患者来说，早一天诊断就意味着多争取到一分治愈的机会。就将大大有利于肿瘤的早期诊断。这就是本文的研究宗旨和目的。

随着计算机软、硬件技术的发展，使这种影像片子的后处理成为可能。这其中主要包括处理器的更新换代和海量存储技术的实现。本文主要利用计算机对图像的增强处理技术，对肿瘤的细节特征进行增强或提取，使医生对病灶部分看得更清楚，获得更多的数据信息，从而帮助医生诊断或有益于其他治疗。本文经过半年左右的时闻，获取了大量的原始cT图像。然后在专门科室有关医生的帮助下，选取原始图像，并对处理后的图像进行分析，筛选出有用的处理手段。所用的主要处理手段有对比度调整、图像反显、直方图处理、边缘榆测、边界提取以及图像处理的各种方法的综合运用。在系统设计中，使用了MATLAB语言对图像进行了各种处理。结果表明本文对影像的处理效果明显，在临床二有一定的应用价值。最后，对部分图像处理方法进行了数理统计分析，对处理方法进行客观正确的评价。

关键词：肿瘤;图像处理;图像增强;边缘提取;膨胀

Abstract

Cancer is a serious threat to human health and disease, nearly half

a century, many countries in the world of lung cancer incidence has risen. But until now, humans hasn't worked out an effective way to heal and inhibiting tumor. Because of this, has become the first human cancer killer. The medical diagnosis of cancer detection, there are many methods, including radiation check is most important, the most direct detection means. But, in the early tumor radiation check on the film (including X-ray CT slices, etc.) are revealed no Cambodia or unclear, appear so cannot qualitative tumor. But once the tumor appeared on film, patients will have entered the stage of late sick, lost the optimal period of treatment. So the early tumor revealed no clear images through the image processing, make it clear to the doctor, more and more research and analysis to the doctor diagnosed. For patients with cancer, a day earlier diagnosis for more than means a cure. Will greatly benefit the early diagnosis of tumors. This is the aim and purpose.

Along with the computer software and hardware technology development, make this image post-processing film become possible. It mainly includes the processor's renewal and mass storage technology. This paper using computer image processing technology, the enhancement of tumor characteristics of detail, make the doctor extracted or enhance to see more clearly, parts of the data for more information, thus help doctors diagnose or to other treatments. After about half a year when the paper, a primitive cT images. Then in a special department concerned under the help of the doctor, the selection of the original image, and processed image were analyzed, and the processing method is useful. The main treatment methods are used to adjust, the image contrast and reverse edge histogram, elm, boundary extraction and image processing method of comprehensive utilization. In system design, use MATLAB language for various processing. Results show that based on image processing in clinical two obvious effect, have certain application value. Finally,