科技英语写作中典型错误分析
科技英语写作常见语法错误
Redundant presence components
Adding unnecessary information or repeating the same idea in different ways Example: "The cat, a domestic animal, is a popular pet." (redundant "a
Detailed description
In English, the singular and plural forms of the subject and predicate must be consistent, which is a basic requirement of grammar rules. If this point is ignored, it will lead to sentence structure confusion and affect the accurate transmission of information.
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Sentence structure error
Incomplete or redundant presence components
Incomplete presence components
A presence may be missing a subject, verb, or object, making it graphically incomplete Example: "The experience was conducted to study the effects of..." (missing object)
科技英文写作常见错误
The Most Common Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Students.1.a、an、the的使用。
普通名词、专有名词、非专有名词、可数名词、不可数名词要注意区分。
2.超长句式。
通常英语中一个句子中最好只有一个supporting idea，不同观点应该放在不同的句子里。
分号只有当必须想表明观点之间的关系时才使用。
对多个变量意义进行说明时，由此产生的长句可以通过列表来解决。
3.在阐述观点前先描述目的、位置、原因。
这样容易造成读者认为作者不直截了当，并且降低了观点在整个句子中的重要性。
4.将说明时间的词句放在句首。
理由同上，尽量不要因此影响观点的直接阐述。
5.which/that对应的先行词不明确。
会造成混淆，使读者无法知道你到底修饰的是哪个词。
6.respectively/respective的使用。
这两个词表明多个原因或事件按照之前提起的顺序，该顺序对于句子的意思必须是非常重要的。
如果描述的事情或者过程已经有明显的排列顺序了，则不该重复使用respectively。
如果句子中有多个次序或集合，容易造成混淆而不知到底指的谁。
Respectively通常使用在句子末尾。
7.in this paper的滥用。
通常这个词主要用在两个地方：在简介和结论中强调文章的内容，在正文里引用他人文献或标准后。
可选择使用in this study、in this research、this paper present 等。
8.数字和关系式。
句首绝对不能用阿拉伯数字，对于非参数指标的数字最好不要采用阿拉伯数字，而用英文表示。
同样对于等号、不等号、大于、小于等关系表达，也不能使用简化的数学符号表示，而要采用单词表示。
9.Figure/Table的表示。
缩写为Fig和Tbl，在句首不能使用缩写，另外在数字前要加上一个空格。
科技英语写作中的典型错误
例4 汉语原句 我们的方法与以前讨论同一问题的文章中 所述的不同。 英语错句 Our method is different from previous articles discussed the same problem.
【错误分析】错误有两处。(1)比较对象不一致，主语是“方法”，而 from后是“文章”；(2)discuss为及物动词，之后的the same problem是 宾语，所以应该用现在分词，而不是过去分词。另外“以前的文章” 用previous articles不好，因为previous多指同一本书或同篇论文里表示 的“前面的”；科技论文多用“paper”。
改正后的句子 This paper presents a CAD method for increasing the printing speed and improving the printing quality.
例7 汉语原句 对构件的承载能力做了具体分析。 英语错句 The detailed analysis of the ability of bearing loads of the components is given. 【错误分析】四处错误:(1)“分析”之前应该用不定冠词a； (2)“承载”是“carry loads”而不用 “bear loads”；(3) “作分 析”表示为“make an analysis of”， “作研究”表示为 “make a study of” ， “作比较”表示为“make a comparison of” ；(4)能力ability之后加of加不定式复合结构 做定语，如：能量被定义为物体做功的能力，译为Energy is defined as the ability of a body to do work，如：电容存储电 荷的能力取决于几个因素，译为：The ability of a capacitor to store charge depends upon several factors。 改正后的句子 A detailed（或 concrete）analysis of the ability of the component to carry loads is made.
科技英语写作语法错误举例共68页文档
[说明] The subject is “application”, which is singular.
Application of this technique to … is described.
Sometimes, two singular subjects joined by “and” cause this error.
例2 Growths described →Growth and isolation of M13 virus were described.
Exception: A subject that is plural in form but singular in effect takes a singular verb.
However, when two or more subjects are joined by “or”, the verb takes the number of the closest subject.
例5 Application or uses were noted. Uses or application was noted.
例3 The name and address of each contributor is given on the title page.
科技论文摘要英译中的言语失误分析
科技论文摘要英译中的言语失误分析科技论文摘要作为科技论文内容浓缩的精华，可以使读者迅速准确地识别该篇科技论文的关键信息。
一般而言，摘要应是在论文正文完成之后反复琢磨修改才得以完成，使读者体会到论文的系统性与学术性，体现出该篇科技论文的价值所在。
但是，达晋编译在工作实践中归纳发现，许多译者在科技论文摘要英译中常出现以下几类的言语失误。
一、格式错误。
根据国家标准GB6447-86中的定义，期刊英文摘要不应出现多段阐述。
但在部分篇幅较长的期刊科技论文摘要中，多段阐述的现象并不鲜见。
二、人称错误。
根据国家标准GB6447-86中的规定，期刊英文摘要应采用第三人称陈述，科技论文摘要通篇不应出现“this paper”“we”以及“I”等第一人称用语。
同时，如祈使句等默认主语为第二人称的句式亦应避免出现。
三、语体错误。
科技论文摘要所使用的文字属于正式的书面语体，因此所选用的词、短语和句型皆应符合正式书面语体的风格。
例如，“fire”就属于非正式语体，应当替换成正式语体用词“flame”；“use up”替换成“exhaust”或“consume”；等等。
四、语法错误。
在科技论文摘要英译过程中最常见的言语失误是语法错误。
其中包括: 逗号叠加、主被动使用不当、指代含混、连词使用不当等言语失误。
逗号叠加是指两个简单句没有连词连接，仅仅靠逗号连接的现象，常见于学生习作。
主被动使用不当通常是指被动语态的过度使用。
例如，主从复合句中主句和从句皆采用被动语态，就属于此类典型错误。
指代含混指科技论文中的代词难以理清究竟指代的是前文的哪个词或短语。
连词使用不当多指并列连词和从属连词同时出现在一个句子中的现象。
语法错误的类型多样，错误例句比比皆是，严重干扰读者的正确理解，应引起重视和纠正。
五、文体紊乱。
科技论文摘要英译中受到汉语思维的影响，单纯罗列事实，不加考虑各个意群之间的内在逻辑关系，从而造成句子内部和句间层次混乱不清，逻辑关系紊乱。
科技英语写作-中国人英语写作错误举例
+The Most Common Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Students（中国研究生英文论文写作常见错误分析）By Felicia Brittman（上海交大外籍教师）This paper presents some of the most common Chinese-English habits observedfrom over two hundred English technical papers by Chinese writers. The habits are explained and in most cases, example text from an actual paper is given along with preferred text. An attempt is made to explain how to correct and prevent such mistakes.In some cases a possible explanation of why the habit occurs is also given. This paper can serve as an individual guide to editing technical papers especially when a native English-speaking editor is unavailable.IntroductionMost Chinese universities require their doctoral and master candidates intechnical and scientific fields to publish at least one English paper in an international journal as a degree requirement. However, many factors make this task difficult to accomplish. First, previous English studies may not have focused enough on writing, let alone （更不用说，遑论）technical writing. Current studies may not include English, causing the writer’s English fluency level to decline. Second, most writers have never lived in an English speaking country. Third, due to the special aspects of technical writing, even native English-speaking engineering students have a technical writing course as part of their study.Too often, students’ papers are returned unaccepted(未被接受的，副词) because of poor English. If available, students may have their papers edited by a native English speaker. However, this can get expensive for a department that has many students with each paper typically needing to be edited twice. Hiring someone to edit papers is difficult, costly and only puts a patch（小弥补）over the problem. A native English speaker can do a good job at getting rid of （摆脱）most of the grammatical mistakes. However, if this person does not have a technical background, particularly in the area of the papers he is editing, he is unable to get rid of all of the mistakes and make sure that the meaning is clear. He cannot recognize the incorrect translation of technical terms for which there is a standard word. Such mistakes will not be picked up by the processor’s spelling and grammar checker. In addition, if they are not familiar with the topic or field, they may not grasp the meaning of the entire article and fail to make critical edits.Hiring a person with a technical background similar to that of the papers being edited is a better option. Nevertheless, while a person with a technical background may be able to edit the paper sufficiently, he may not be able to explain to the writer how to prevent such mistakes in the future. Besides, it is difficult for most Chinese universities to hire such staff simply for editing. Universities may consider inviting a visiting scholar who will edit papers in addition to doing research or teaching as part of an exchange.Although editing may be the fastest way to publish papers, it does little in the way of teaching the writers how to prevent common mistakes and colloquial（口语，会话）habits that prevent a clear understanding of the writer’s ideas. Writers who have alreadyobtained an impressing command（很好的掌握）of the English language can only truly benefit if they are made aware of（使，被弄清楚，懂得）），their common mistakes and colloquial habits and how to prevent them.PurposeThe purpose of this report is to introduce the most common habits in Chinese-English writing as noted from the over two hundred papers I have edited. The habits include grammar mistakes, colloquialisms（口语，白话）, and formatting problems and in most cases prevent a clear understanding of the writer’s ideas. A few of the habits, such as writing extremely long sentences, can be corrected with careful use of the MS Word® grammar and style checker. However, most habits, such as missing articles, go unnoticed by （未被察觉）automatic grammar checking devices. Still, Chinese-English colloquial habits are not recognized by such software tools.StructureThe common habits are presented in two sections. The first section lists the habitsthat, in my opinion, need the most attention. These habits interrupt the flow of the paper making it difficult to understand and occur most frequently. In this section, the habits are explained, example sentences from actual papers are given to show the habits, and the sentences are rewritten to show the correct way to write them. In the case of missing articles, a flow chart is also given to aid in choosing the correct articles.In the second section, an additional list of habits is given. In some cases, example sentences are given. In other cases, advice is given. The second section is very useful in becoming familiar with small nuances（微妙之处）.Not all of the common habits I observed are presented mainly because they can only be dealt with on an individual basis. For example, writers had difficulty titling（为文章写标题）their papers and naming new technical ideas to express their contents and functions concisely.This problem frequently occurred but it can only be addressed individually. Once writers are aware of their habits, they would be able to write better technical English articles.Section 1 冠词的使用错误“a, an, the”The single most common habit is the omission of articles a, an, and the. Thisoccurs because Mandarin has no direct equivalent of articles and the rules for using them are somewhat complicated for a non-native speakers.Articles signal that a noun will follow and that any modifiers between the articleand the Section 1“a, an, the”The single most common habit is the omission of articles a, an, and the.！This occurs because Mandarin has no direct equivalent of articles and the rules for using them are somewhat complicated for a non-native English speaker.Articles signal that a noun will follow and that any modifiers(修饰词语) between the article and the noun refer to（提及，涉及，指，表示）that noun (a big blue bicycle / the first award).A and an are indefinite articles; the is a definite article（定冠词）. Every time a singular noncountable(uncountable) noun or a common noun that names one countable item is used ,the noun requires some kind of determiner(限定词).Mistake: The, a, and an are 1) omitted where they are required, 2) used where theyare not needed or contribute to wordiness 3) used wrongly in place of the correct article. Examples of incorrect usages:Incorrect Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on surface of main（主叶片）and splitter blades（分流叶片）Correct Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on the surface（？）of the main and splitter blade s.Incorrect The software PowerSHAPE is chosen to be a 3D modeling tool; it isgood at dealing with free surfaces and curves.4Correct The software PowerSHAPE is chosen to be the 3D modeling tool; it isgood at dealing with free surfaces and curves.4There was only one 3D modeling tool used in this study, therefore ‘3D modelingtool’ is specific and requires the article the.Incorrect A theoretical method for calculating the inner flow-field in centrifugalImpeller（离心式推进器）with splitter blades and （遗漏了一些内容）of the interactions between main and splitter blades is presented in this paper. The vortices（涡旋）are distributed on the main and splitter blades to simulate the effects offlows. Systematical study of number and distribution of vortices isconducted.15Correct A theoretical method for calculating the inner flow-field in a centrifugal impeller with splitter blades and an investigation of the interactionsbetween main and splitter blades is（两个主语？））presented in this paper. The vortices are distributed on the main and splitter blades to simulate the effects offlows. A systematical study of the number and distribution of vortices isconducted.15Incorrect Theoretically, remanufacturing could fully take advantage of resources contained in EOF product thereby minimizing impact on environment tothe greatest extent compared to landfill or recycling of materials;consequently it contributes greatly to resource conservation.16Correct Theoretically, remanufacturing could fully take advantage of resources contained in an EO F（L？）product thereby minimizing the impact on the environment to the greatest extent compared to（with）landfill（垃圾填埋）or recycling （回收利用）of materials; consequently it contributes greatly to resource conservation.16Definitions:Articles：Also called determiners or noun markers（名词标记）, articles are the words a, an, and the.A and an are indefinite articles（不定冠词）, and the is a definite article（定冠词）. Articles signal that a noun will follow and that any modifiers（修饰词语）between the article and the noun refer to that noun. ( a cold , metal chair/ the lightning-fast computer). Determiners ：A word or word group, traditionally identified as an adjective, that limits anoun by telling how much or how many about it. (expression of quantity, limiting adjective, marker) They tell whether a noun is general (a tree) or specific (the tree). The is a definite article. Before a noun, the conveys（表达）that the known refers to a specific item (the plan). A and an are indefinite articles. They convey that a noun refers to an item in a nonspecific or general way (a plan).Common nouns（普通名词）A noun that names a general group, place, person, or thing: dog,house.Count noun（可数名词）A noun that names an item or items that can be counted: radio, streets, idea, fingernails.Noncount（uncountable？）nouns A noun that names a thing that cannot be counted: water, time.Specific noun （专有名词）A noun understood to be exactly and specifically referred to; uses the definite article the.Nonspecific noun（非专有名词）A noun that refers to any of a number of（？）identical items; it takes the indefinite articles a , an.Long SentenceVery long sentences are especially common in Chinese-English writing becausethe writers often translate directly from Chinese to English. Although, in Chinese writing it is acceptable to put several supporting ideas in on sentence to show their relationship, in English, the main idea and each supporting idea is typically written in separate sentences.One can usually recognize a very long sentence by its length –sixty words ormore. However, sentences of smaller lengths can also be too long if they contain multiple statements that confuse the main idea. Long sentences can be avoided by limiting each sentence to one or two topics. Semicolons(；) should be used where the writer really wants to emphasize the relationship between ideas.Too long ：According to the characteristic of fan-coil （风机盘管式）air-conditioning systems, this paper derives the cooling formula of fan-coil units based on the heat transfer theories andputs forward a new method to gauge cooling named Cooling Metering on the Airside,which can monitor the individual air-conditioning cooling consumption during a period of time by detecting the parameters of inlet air condition –temperature and humidity – of the fan-coilair-conditioning system as well as the parameters of inlet cooling water provided by the chiller.5Correct This paper derives the cooling formula of fan-coil units based on the characteristicsof fan-coil air-conditioning systems and heat transfer theories, and puts forward a new method to gauge cooling called Cooling Metering on the Air-side. The new method can monitor individualair-conditioning cooling consumption during a period of time by detecting the condition of inlet air –temperature and humidity –of the fan-coil air-conditioning system as well as the parameters of the inlet cooling water provided by the chiller（冷却器）.Too long The gear transmission is grade seven, the gear gap is 0.00012 radians, the geargap has different output values corresponding to any given input value, nonlinearityof the gear gap model can be described by using the phase function method, the existing backlash block in the non-linear library of the Matlab/zdimulink toolbox can be used, the initial value of gear gap in the backlash block is set to zero.9Correct The gear transmission is grade seven. The gear gap, which is 0.00012 radians, has different output values corresponding to any given input value. The nonlinearity of the gear gap model can be described by using the phase function method. The existing backlash block in the non-linear library of the Matlab/zdimulink toolbox can be used; the initial value of gear gap in the backlash block is set to zero.Another type of super-long sentence that frequently occurs in technical papers isthat of a list. The writer wants to give a large amount of data, usually parameter values, and puts this information into one long, paragraph-sized sentence. However, the best way to give such type and quantity of information is to tabulate it (put it in a bulleted list,采用列表形式).Too long …where m is the mass of the heavy disk mounted at the mid-span of a massless elastic shaft, e is the eccentricity（偏心）of the mass center from the geometric center of the disk, φis the angle between the orientation of the eccentricity and the ξaxis, kξand kηare the stiffness coefficients in two principal directions of shaft respectively, c is the viscous damping coefficientof the shaft and the disk, c i is the inner damping coefficient of shaft, ωis the rotating speed, ξs and ηs are the components of initial bend in directions of ξ,ηaxes respectively: ξs = r b cosθ,ηs = r b sinθ.1Correct Where（采用以下列表方式较佳）m is the mass of the heavy disk mounted at the mid-span of a massless elasticshaft,e is the eccentricity of the mass center from the geometric center of the disk,φis the angle between the orientation of the eccentricity and theξaxis,kξand kηare the stiffness coefficients in the two principal directions of the shaft,c is the viscous damping coefficient of the shaft and the disk,c i is the inner damping coefficient of the shaft,ωis the rotating speed,ξs and ηs are the components of initial bend in directions of ξ,ηaxes, respectively: ξs = r b cosθ,ηs = r b sinθ.Too long The clear height of the case is 6.15 meters; the thickness of the roof is 0.85meters; the thickness of the bottom is 0.90 meters, the overall width is 26.6meters, the overall length of the axial cord is 304.5 meters, the length of thejacking section is about 148.8 meters; the weight of the case is about 24127tons.3Clear Case clearance height 6.15 meters•Roof thickness 0.85 meters•Bottom thickness 0.90 meters•Overall width 26.6 meters•Overall length of the axial cord 304.5 meters•Length of the jacking section 148.8 meters (approx.)•Weight of the case 24127 tons (approx.)Prefacing the main idea of a sentence by stating the purpose, location or reason firstChinese writers often preface the main topic of a sentence by first stating thepurpose, location, reason, examples and conditions as introductory elements. However, this has the effect of demoting（削弱，降级）the importance of the main idea and making the reader think the author is indirect. So, it is suggested that bring the main idea to the beginning of the sentence, stating any locations, reasons, etc., afterwards.Incorrect For the application in automobile interiors, this paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturing. 5Correct This paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturingfor application in automobile interiors.Incorrect Especially when numerical control (NC) techniques[4] are widely used inindustry and rapid prototype methods[5][6] bring a huge economical benefits, theadvantage of constructing 3D model[7][8][9] becomes extremely obvious.2Correct The advantage of constructing a 3D model[7][8][9] becomes extremely obvious especially when numerical control (NC) techniques[4] are widely used in industry and rapid prototype methods[5][6]，bring a huge economical benefits.Incorrect Inside the test box, the space was filled with asbestos.(测试盒内填满了石棉)Correct The space inside the test box was filled with asbestos.Incorrect In practice, we employed this approach to dispose a wheelhouse（驾驶室）subassembly of one kind of auto-body, and the results show that this method is feasible.16Correct We employed this approach to dispose a wheelhouse subassembly of one kind ofauto-body, and the results show that this method is feasible.Incorrect To ensure sheet metal quality as well as assembly quality, CMMs（三坐标测量机）are widely used in automotive industry production.Correct CMMs are widely used in automotive industry production to ensure sheet metal quality as well as assembly quality.Tendency of placing phrases which indicate time at the beginning of a sentence （表示时间的句子部分方在句首）Incorrect When U is taken as the control parameter, the BDs for Δ=0.0, 0.001, 0.005are shown in Fig. 8.Correct Figure 8 shows the BDs for Δ=0.0, 0.001, and 0.005 when U is taken as thecontrol parameter.Place the most important subject at the beginning of the sentence for emphasisIncorrect Based on the triangulation structure built from unorganized points or a CADmodel, the extended STL format is described in this section.4Correct The extended STL format is described in this section based on the triangulation structure built from unorganized points or a CAD model.Incorrect The 3D dentition defect（齿形缺陷）and restoration models（复原模型）are designed precisely with complex surfaces.4Correct The 3D dentition defect and restoration models with complex surfaces are designed precisely.Respectively‟ and …respective‟Respectively refers to two or more persons or things only in the order they were previously designated or mentioned. In this case the use of respectively is to allow thewriter to give a lot of information without confusing the reader or writing several short sentences.Respectively is usually at the end of the sentence.For example: Bobby, Nicole and Daren wore red, green and blue coats, respectively.List 1 List 2Bobby wore a red coat.Nicole wore a green coat.Daren wore a blue coat.The uses of these two words are usually incorrect or confusing as in the following examples.1. Respectively is misplaced（放错位置）in the sentence; it is put before the nouns to which it refers.Incorrect Equations 2～6 can be respectively linearized as:......(equations given) (13)Correct Equations 2～6 can be l inearized as:……(equations given)…, respectively.Incorrect The weights (权)of the two experts are respectively 0.600 and 0.400.19Correct The weights of the two experts are 0.600 and 0.400, respectively.2. Respectively is inserted to express that there is a certain order in which something was done. However, the order is already implied elsewhere in the sentence or does not needto be expressed because it does not add value to meaning of the sentence.（以下句中的respectively是多余的）Incorrect If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck processare, respectively, below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, if either is, respectively, above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if the core technology and core quality are, respectively, above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 3, otherwise, if either is, respectively, below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.19Correct If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck process are below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, if either is above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if the core technology and core quality are above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 3，otherwise, if either is below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.3. In addition to 2, it is unclear to what ‘respectively’ refers.Incorrect The dynamic characteristics of a rotor with asymmetric stiffness or with initialWarp（翘曲）hve been studied before respectively [1-4]Correct The dynamic characteristics of a rotor with asymmetric stiffness or with initialwarp have been studied before [1-4].Incorrect The inlet and outlet temperature of the air cooler were measured using two thermocouples respectively.17Correct The inlet and outlet temperature of the air cooler were measured by using two thermocouples.…In this paper‟, …in this study‟Two errors occur when these phrases are used. The first is overuse. In somepapers written by Chinese, these phrases can occur as much as twice per page. In papers written by native English writers these phrases are reserved for primarily two uses(主要用于两种情况)1. In the introduction and conclusion to emphasize the content of the paper.2. In the body of the paper, after referring to work not done by the author such as inother journal articles or in standard.（而正文里，仅在谈到作者没有做到的作之后用）Therefore, if either phrase occurs more than three times in a paper, its use is questionable.（使用三次以上就得质疑）Actually, the reader is aware that the work presented is by the author (unless the author states otherwise) so there is no reason to repeat these phrases.The second error is more subtle（含糊不清）two phrases are interchanged.Awkward In this paper, IDEAS was used to ….Correct In this study, IDEAS was used to….Awkward In the paper, a n SZG4031 towing tractor is used as the sample vehicle, its cmponents’ quivalent physical parameters (零部件的当量物理参数) are obtained by UG design and esting.9Correct In this study, a n SZG4031 towing tractor is used as the sample vehicle, its com ponents’equivalent physical parameters (零部件的当量物理参数) are obtained by UG design and testing.9 The ‘study’ is the work the author/s did. The paper is the mode to present this work andis what the reader is reading. Keep in mind the writer can also use other phrasessuch as ‘in this research’, and ‘this paper present’.Numbers and EquationsTwo very common errors are those concerning the presentation of Arabic numerals, and equations. Chinese writers usually write Arabic numerals instead of spelling out the word. The use of Arabic numerals, itself, is not an error however; they should never be used at the beginning of sentences.Incorrect 12 parameters were selected for the experiment.Correct Twelve parameters were selected for the experiment.In addition, Arabic numerals are overused. Arabic numerals should be used to give data in technical papers, however they should not be used to give general information. Incorrect All 3 studies concluded that the mean temperature should be 30°C.Correct All three studies concluded that the mean temperature should be 30°C.This probably stems from the fact that Mandarin is a symbolic language and not alphabetic. Thus, the writer will find it easier to write a symbol that expresses the idea instead of the word. This problem is even more serious when equations are used in place of words ay that is not practiced by native English speakers. (中国作者常常喜欢在句子中用数学方程式代替词语表达，而英美作者不这样写)Consider the following examples.Equations should be introduced as much as possible, not inserted in place of words. Most journals, like the International Journal of Production Research, discourage(不主张) the use of even short expressions within the text.Incorrect If the power battery SOC > SOC lo and the driving torque belongs to themid dle load,…Correct If the power battery SOC is greater than SOC lo and the driving torquebelongs to the middle load,…Format (格式问题)Paragraphs（段落）A paragraph is a group of sentences that develop one topic or thought.Paragraphs are separated to indicate the end of one idea or thought and the beginning of another. All English paragraphs start on a new line with an indent of about one inch（缩进1英寸）or with an extra line（另起一行）between the two paragraphs. The latter is more typical for business writing.（商务写作）Chinese students are often puzzled by separating paragraphs; they may have one of two errors: One error occurs when the writer fails to distinguish between two paragraphs. Although the new paragraph starts on a new line, there is no indentation,（缩格）therefore, the reader is not aware of the change in paragraphs or ideas. The seconderror occurs when a paragraph is preceded by a single sentence on a single line. The single line is indented along with the succeeding paragraph .This commonly occurs in Chinese texts but is never done in English.‘Figure’ and ‘Table’The abbreviations for figure and table are Fig. and Tbl, respectively. However,the abbreviation of table Tbl is rarely seen in text. One can also write fig. for figure. However, one should choose one convention and use it throughout the paper. You should not switch among Figure, figure, Fig, or fig. In addition, abbreviations are not used at the beginning of sentences and a space belongs(应被放在) between the word/ abbreviation and the number.（缩略词和数字之间应留空格）Incorrect Figure.6, Figure6, Fig.6, Tbl10Correct Figure 6, Fig. 6, Tbl. 10（注意，6，10 和前面的.之间留有一空格！）Variables （变量字母要用斜体字！）Variables, especially those of the English alphabet, should be italicized in technical papers to distinguish them from English words. Of course, this depends on thestyle required by the journal.Capitals（大写字母）Be careful that capitals are not in the middle of the sentence.Incorrect In table 1, The mark…Correct In table 1, the mark……such as‟ and …etc.‟Such as and etc. are commonly misused by Chinese-English writers. Such asmeans ‘for example’ and implies that an incomplete list will follow; etc. means ‘and so on’ and is used at the end of a list to show it is not complete. Therefore, using such as and etc. together is redundant（多余）.（不可将such as 和etc. 以及and so on 同时使用）Incorrect Studies of methodology and process of implementing remanufacturing mainlyfocus on durable products such as automobile motors, printers, and etc.11Correct Studies of methodology and process of implementing remanufacturing mainlyfocus on durable products such as automobile motors, and printers.Such as means that an incomplete list will be given and should not be used when a complete list is given.Incorrect Compared to traditional industry, Micro-electronic fabrication has three characteristics such as high complexity, high precision and high automation.Correct Compared to traditional industry, Micro-electronic fabrication has threecharacteristics: high complexity, high precision and high automation.Section 21) Some words have identical singular and plural forms and do not need an s added on to make them plural. These words include:•literature (when referring to research)•equipment,•staff (referring to a group of people)•facultyaircraft2) Avoid redundancy in the following types of phrases frequently used by Chinese writersInstead of Say Or sayResearch work Research WorkLimit condition Limit conditionKnowledge memory Knowledge MemorySketch map Sketch mapLayout scheme Layout schemeArrangement plan Arrangement planOutput performance Output performanceSimulation results results simulationKnowledge information Knowledge informationCalculation results results calculationApplication results Results Application3) Certain words demand that the noun they modify is plural. These include different, various, and number words.Different node Different node sVarious method Various method sTwo advantage Two advantage sFifteen thermocouple Fifteen thermocouple s4) Never write ‘How to…’ at the beginning of a sentence.No How to find the optimal parameter is the main objective.Yes Determining how to find the optimal parameter is the main objective.7) Do write ‘the results are shown in Figure 2’. Do not write ‘the results are showed as Figure 2’.8) Italicize variables appearing in the text to differentiate them from words. This is especially important when the variables are English alp habets. Write ‘The graph shows t, a, and C as a function of time’. Do not write ‘The graph shows t, a, and C as a function of time’.（变量要用斜体字）9) Refrain from using the word obviously in a technical paper in the following wayNo Obviously, detecting regimes by means of PMH maps is a novel method.8Yes Detecting regimes by means of PMH maps is a novel method.810) International papers should not use location dependant terms such as ‘at home’,‘abroad’, ‘here’, ‘our country’ because the reader most likely is not Chinese and not in。
科技英语写作指南改错总结
科技英语写作指南改错总结在科技领域，准确、清晰且规范的英语写作至关重要。
然而，在实际的写作过程中，我们常常会出现各种错误。
以下是对科技英语写作中常见错误的总结和改正方法。
一、语法错误1、主谓不一致这是一个常见且容易被忽视的问题。
例如，“The data shows”应为“The data show”，因为“data”是复数形式，谓语动词应使用相应的复数形式。
2、时态混乱在描述实验过程或研究结果时，时态的使用应保持一致。
比如，不能在同一段落中，前面用一般过去时描述过去的实验步骤，后面又突然用现在完成时来总结结果。
3、冠词误用不定冠词“a”和“an”的使用要根据后面单词的发音。
若单词以元音音素开头，用“an”；以辅音音素开头，用“a”。
例如，“an hour”（“hour”以元音音素开头），“a university”（“university”以辅音音素开头）。
4、名词单复数错误科技英语中，名词的单复数形式需要根据具体语境准确使用。
例如，“analysis”的复数形式是“analyses”，“phenomenon”的复数形式是“phenomena”。
二、词汇错误1、用词不当选择词汇时，要确保其准确性和专业性。
例如，“effect”和“affect”，“effect”是名词，“affect”是动词，不能混淆使用。
2、拼写错误这是比较基础但也容易出现的问题。
例如，“definitely”常被错写成“definately”，“separate”常被错写成“seperate”。
3、近义词混淆科技英语中有很多意思相近的词，但在具体语境中的用法不同。
比如，“accurate”和“precise”，“accurate”强调准确性，“precise”强调精确性。
三、句子结构错误1、句子成分残缺例如，“Due to the rain, made the road slippery”这个句子缺少主语，应改为“Due to the rain, the road became slippery”2、句式杂糅将两种不同的句式结构混在一起，导致句子混乱。
科技英语写作语法错误举例
例11 None of the samples was soluble. →None of the samples were soluble. [说明] Refers to individuals.
例12 This group of workers are well aware of their responsibilities. →This group of workers is well aware of its responsibilities. [说明] Refers to the group as a unit.
4 Awkward Omissions of Verbs and Auxiliary Verbs
Be sure that each subject in a compound sentence has the proper verbs and auxiliary verbs. 例22 The eluant was added to the column, and the samples collected in 10-mL increments. →The eluant was added to the column, and the samples were collected in 10-mL increments.
1 简明
例 As can be seen from Fig.1, growth is rapid. → Growth is rapid (Fig.1). Fig.1 shows that growth is rapid.
As shown in Fig.1 … → Fig.1 shows …
科技英语写作语法错误举例
from: The ACS Style Guide, Chapter 2
科技英语写作中典型错误分析
科技英语写作中典型错误分析在科技英语写作中，存在一些典型错误，这些错误可能导致读者产生误解或难以理解。
以下是一些常见的错误类型及其分析：1.文法错误：科技英语中的文法错误是常见的错误类型。
这些错误可能包括动词时态的错误、主谓一致的错误、被动语态的使用不当以及冠词的错误使用等。
例如，错误的动词时态使用可能导致句子的意义不清晰。
例如，句子"The experiment result in a significant increase"中的动词时态错误，原本应该是"The experiment resulted in a significant increase"。
2.单词拼写错误：科技英语中的拼写错误可能导致读者无法理解句子的真实含义。
科技英语中的专业术语通常是特定的，并且拼写经常比较复杂。
例如，术语"nanotechnology"拼写错误为"nanotechnlogy"，这个错误将导致读者有困惑并可能无法理解整个句子。
3.语义错误：科技英语文章中的语义错误可能导致读者对句子的意义产生误解。
这些错误可能是由于词语的错误使用或句子结构的不当。
例如，使用"ensure"（确保）而不是"insure"（保险）来描述一项科技创新的保险措施，在语义上会产生错误的解读。
4.文体错误：科技英语写作中的文体错误可能是该文章的语气、时态或句子结构不适合正式的科技写作。
例如，使用第一人称代词"I"（我）在科技文章中通常被视为不正式，可以使用更客观的表达方式来代替。
例如，句子"The drug has a high efficiency"中的"efficiency"一词可能被误解为"effectiveness"（有效性）或者"efficacy"（功效），这取决于上下文。
科技英语写作中的典型错误-答案
科技英语写作中的典型错误例1改正后的句子This new method has the advantages of high efficiency and easy adjustment.例2改正后的句子This paper first discusses the features of this signal,and then describes its generation. 不过本句最好采用下列句型：This paper begins with the discussion on the features of this signal, followed by the description of its generation.例3改正后的句子The features of this device are easy operation and low price.不过比较好的一个句型是：This device is characterized by（its）easy operation and low price.例4改正后的句子Our method is different from those presented（或described）in the papers available（或published before）on（或discussing）the same problem.例5改正后的句子Only through the study of the performance of the system, can one（或we）understand（或appreciate）its advantages.例6改正后的句子This paper presents a CAD method for increasing the printing speed and improving the printing quality.例7改正后的句子 A detailed（或concrete）analysis of the ability of the component to carry loads is made.例8改正后的句子There are M polygons altogether, each of which has N vertexes. 虽然从语法角度来看，定语从句可以译成“the number of vertexes of each of which is N.” 但这种表示法不好，显得很繁琐。
实例分析英文科技论文常见错误
１ 句子成分赘余 组成句子的各个部分 叫句子成分 ，有主语 、谓语 、表语 、宾语 、 宾语补足语、定语和状语等 ，其 中主语和谓语是句子的主体部分 ，也
类似地 ，句子 中的 “ ｏ ｇ ”和 “ｕ”相 当于 中文 的 “ ｔ ｕｈ ｈ ｂｔ 虽然 ”和 “ 中连用。因此 ，上 面的句子只要保 留 “ ｏ ｇ ”便可 。 ｔ ｕｈ ｈ
一
ｌ Ｉ ＝ Ｅ
ｌ＿ ｏ０ ＿每 １
期
学 术 研 讨
实 例 分 析 英 文 科 技 论 文 常 见 错 误
蔡 卓 平
（ 国科 学 院 南 海 海 洋 研 究 所 编 辑 部 ） 中 摘 要 通过举例 深入 分析英文科技论文 中的典 型错误 … 英文科技论文写作错 误的有效措 施。 关键词 英文科技 论文 成分赘余 搭 配不一致 错误 句子成分赘余和搭 配不一致；提 出通过作者和编 辑的共 同努 力来杜绝
ｐｒ （ ａｔ 因为植物激素可 以通过导管 系统 运输 ，所 以地 上部伤害改变了 ． 地下 部的化学防御水平 。 ） 英文 中 ， “ｅａｓ”和 “Ｏ ｂｃｕｅ Ｓ”相 当于 中文 的 “ 因为 ” 和 “ 所 以” ， 两者具有一定的 因果关系 。需要注意 的是 ，在 中 中写作 中， 文 可 以 出 现 “ 为 … …所 以 … … ” 的 形 式 ，但 是 英 文 写 作 中 ， 因 “ｅａｓ”和 “Ｏ 不 能 连 用 ， 即不 能在 一 个 句 子 中 同 时使 用 ｂｃｕｅ Ｓ”
关于科技的带错误的英语作文200字简单
关于科技的带错误的英语作文200字简单English: Technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. However, there are still some misconceptions and myths surrounding technology. One common misconception is that technology always makes our lives easier. While it is true that technology can automate tasks and improve efficiency, it also brings challenges such as cybersecurity threats and job displacement. Another misconception is that technology is always reliable. In reality, technology can fail or malfunction, leading to disruptions in our daily lives. Lastly, some people believe that technology is always beneficial for society. In fact, technology can exacerbate inequality, contribute to environmental issues, and affect our mental and physical health. It is important to critically analyze the effects of technology on individuals and society to ensure that it is used responsibly and ethically.Translated content: 科技已经彻底改变了我们生活、工作和交流的方式。
英文论文写作19个高频错误整理
错误4：对于以“Only”开头的强调式状语，未将动词反置在主语前面
错误5：没有适时强调否定式
不强调否定：The performance or the durabil changed.
强调否定：Neither the performance nor the durability of the engine has been changed.
错误6：表达原因的写法不符合英文习惯
不好：I thought the reason was that I was not fluent in German.
较好：I thought this was because I was not fluent in German.
不好：The reason for the engineers to choose this software was that they wanted fast computation.
较好：Statistics from the Ministry of Education of China have shown that, by 2016, the Internet access rate of elementary and high schools in China had reached 87%.
这类问题涉及以“Only after”、“Only if”、“Only in this way”等开头的句子。
错误：Only by changing the work condition, it is possible for them to finish the project.
科技英语写作指南改错总结
科技英语写作指南改错总结科技英语在现代社会中扮演着重要的角色，因此良好的科技英语写作能力对于从事科技领域的人士来说至关重要。
然而，在科技英语写作中，往往会出现一些常见的错误。
本文将对科技英语写作中的常见错误进行总结，并提供改正建议，帮助读者提高科技英语写作水平。
一、语法错误语法错误是科技英语写作中常见的问题之一。
在科技英语写作中，要特别注意主谓一致、时态使用、修饰词的位置等语法规则。
下面是一些常见的语法错误及其改正建议：1. 主谓一致错误：错误示例：The results of the experiment was inconclusive.改正建议：The results of the experiment were inconclusive.2. 时态错误：错误示例：Many scientists don't agree with the theory.改正建议：Many scientists don't agree with the theory.3. 修饰词的位置错误：错误示例：The researches conducted by the team were groundbreaking.改正建议：The groundbreaking researches conducted by the team.二、词汇错误词汇错误是科技英语写作中常见的问题之二。
在科技写作中，一些专有名词、技术术语的使用是关键。
下面是一些常见的词汇错误及其改正建议：1. 词汇搭配错误：错误示例：The researcher made an analysis about the data.改正建议：The researcher analyzed the data.2. 词义混淆：错误示例：The experiment was quite ironic.改正建议：The experiment was quite unexpected.三、表达不清在科技英语写作中，清晰而准确地表达是至关重要的。
科技错误英文作文
科技错误英文作文英文回答：Technological mistakes are an unavoidable part of human progress. While they can be frustrating, they also present an opportunity for learning and growth. One of the most common mistakes I've made is failing to properly test my code before deploying it. This has led to a number of embarrassing bugs, including one that caused my website to crash.To avoid this mistake in the future, I've adopted a more rigorous testing process. I now write unit tests for all of my code, and I use a continuous integration system to automatically run these tests every time I make a change to my codebase. This has helped me to catch a number of bugs before they could make it into production.Another common mistake I've made is not taking the time to properly document my code. This has made it difficultfor me and other developers to understand and maintain my code. To avoid this mistake in the future, I've started to write detailed documentation for all of my code. This includes writing comments in my code, as well as creating separate documentation files.Finally, I've also made the mistake of not keeping up with the latest technologies. This has led to me using outdated technologies that are no longer supported. To avoid this mistake in the future, I've made a commitment to staying up-to-date with the latest technologies. I read technology blogs and articles, and I attend conferences and meetups.By learning from my mistakes, I've become a better developer. I've learned the importance of testing, documentation, and staying up-to-date with the latest technologies. I'm confident that I can continue to learn from my mistakes and grow as a developer.中文回答：科技错误是我们进步道路上不可避免的一部分。
学习建议：谈科技英语论文撰写中的修改建议及常见错误
谈科技英语论文撰写中的修改建议及常见错误一科技英语论文撰写中的常见错误及修改建议本文从词的使用，时态，语态和长句子四个方面对科技英语论文中的常见错误进行归纳分析，提出合理的修改建议，从而帮助工科生避免常见错误的发生。
（一）词汇使用错误1.冠词的误用冠词属虚词，无实意，无数和格的变化。
不定冠词A/An用在单数可数名词前,其中，A要用在以辅音开头或是读作辅音的元音字母开头的单数可数名词的前面。
An用在元音开头的名词前；定冠词the 则主要是用于表示任何特指的名词前。
科技英语论文中常见的冠词错误有以下三种：遗漏冠词；在不需要冠词的地方使用冠词；冠词类型使用错误。
2. 介词使用错误介词常用在名词和代词之前，其情况比较复杂：介词常常一词多义，它可表示"时间"、"地点"、"原因"、"方式"甚至于表示"行为"；介词有实意；许多介词同时也是副词、形容词或者是动词；介词必须附加于名词或相当于名词功能的成分前，不能独立出现成为谓语；介词通常和动词、名词和形容词构成不同词组,不同介词搭配其所表达的具体含义也不尽相同。
在科技英语论文的撰写过程中，常常会出现介词混淆介词搭配，或是乱用介词，混用介词的现象，使文章的准确性和专业性都大打折扣。
3. 缩略词使用不规范为了简洁文章表述，在科技英语写作中常常会使用缩略词。
而然，许多作者并不了解缩略词的使用规范，导致缩略词的误用。
这不仅达不到精简文章语言表达的效果，相反还会导致表述上的不准确，让读者难以理解。
在科技英语论文中使用缩略词时要遵循以下几点原则：题名中一般不要使用缩略词；关键词中不要使用缩略词或者名词全称与缩略词相结合；对于较长的名词，倘若是第一次出现在摘要或是正文中，在第一次出现时要在其后的括号中标注其缩略词，在其再次出现在文章其他部分时，则可以直接使用其缩略词。
4. 名词化结构名词化现象是正式语体的显著特点之一，名词化结构的使用频率越高，文体的正式程度就越高。
科技英语写作语法错误举例
科技英语写作语法错误举例from: The ACS Style Guide: A Manual for Authors and Editors, Chapter 2, 1986 The ACS Style Guide: A Manual for Authors and Editors, 2nd Edition, 19971Subject-Verb Agreements例1 Application of this technique to studies on phytoplankton biomass and its environments are described.[说明] The subject is ―application‖, which is singular.Application of this technique to … is described.Sometimes, two singular subjects join ed by ―and‖ cause this error.例2 Growth and isolation of M13 virus was described.→Growth and isolation of M13 virus were described.Exception: A subject that is plural in form but singular in effect takes a singular verb.例3 The name and address of each contributor is given on the title page.例4 Research and development is attracting a growing number of young scientists.However, when two or more subjects are joined by ―or‖, the verb takes the number of the closest subject.例5 Application or uses were noted.Uses or application was noted.例6 The appropriate metal ion concentration or the rate constants were used.The rate constants or appropriate metal ion concentration was used.Collective nouns take a singular verb when the group as a whole is meant; in that case they are often preceded by the word ―the‖. Collective nouns take a plural verb when individuals of the group are meant; in that case, they are often preceded by the word ―a‖.contents majority rangecouple number seriesdozen pair varietygroup例7 The series is arranged in order of decreasing size.[说明] Refers to the series as a unit.例8 A series of compounds were tested.[说明] Refers to each compound.例9 The number of metal amides synthesized was the largest to date. (Refers to the number as a unit.)A number of metal amides were synthesized. (Refers to each amide.)例10 The series of compounds was prepared to test the hypothesis. (Refers to the series as a unit.)A series of compounds were tested. (Refers to each compound.)例11 A series of low molecular weight phenolphthalein epoxy resins ( M n＝500～700) hasbeen prepared from phenolphthalein and epichlorohydrin using K2CO3(Na2CO3)/H2O as catalysts instead of NaOH/H2O.→A series of low molecular weight phenolphthalein epoxy resin s (M n＝500～700) heve been prepared from phenolphthalein and epichlorohydrin using K2CO3(Na2CO3)/H2O as catalysts instead of NaOH/H2O.―Data‖ can be a singular or plural noun.例12 Experimental data that we obtained are compared with previously reported results.[说明] Refers to the data as individual results.例13 After the data are distributed, we can meet to discuss them.→After the data is distributed, we can meet to discuss it.[说明] Refers to the whole collection of data as one unit.例14 None of the samples were soluble.→None of the samples was soluble.[说明] Refers to individuals.例15 This group of workers are well aware of their responsibilities.→This group of workers is well aware of its responsibilities.[说明] Refers to the group as a unit.Units of measurement are treated as collective nouns and therefore take a singular subject.例16 The mixture was stirred, and 5 mL of diluent were added.→The mixture was stirred, and 5 mL of diluent was added.例17 Five grams of NaCL were added to the solution.→Five grams of NaCL was added to the solution.例18 Three weeks are needed to complete the experiment.→Three weeks is needed to complete the experiment.Nouns ending in ics and denoting a scientific discipline are usually singular.dynamics mechanicskinetics physicsmathematics thermodynamicsMechanics involves the application of Newton’s three laws of motion.The kinetics of electron transfer to and from photogenerated radicals was examined by laser flash photolysis.The thermodynamics is governed by the positions of the valence and conduction bands.Compound subjects containing the words ―each‖, ―every‖, and ―everybody‖ may take singular verbs.例19 Each flask and each holder was sterilized before use.Both components of the compound subject must contain the words in question. Otherwise, the verb must be plural.例20 Each student and all of the professors were invited.Sometimes, one of these words is implicit; such cases take a singular verb.例21 Each name and address is entered into the database.Indefinite pronouns themselves (or adjectives combined with the indefinite pronoun ―one‖) can be the subject of the sentence.• Those that take a singular verb are ―each‖, ―either‖, ―neither‖, ―no one‖, ―every one‖, ―anyone‖, ―someone‖, ―everyone‖, anybody‖, somebody‖, and everybody‖.例22 Each was evaluated for its effect on metabolism.例23 Neither disrupts the cell membrane.例24 Regarding compounds 1—10, every one reacts with the control agent.例25 Someone measures the volume every day.• Those that take a plural verb are ―several‖, ―few‖, ―both‖, ―’and ―many‖.例26Several were evaluated for their effects on metabolism.例27Few disrupt the cell membrane.例28Regarding compounds 1 and 2, both react with the control agent.例29Many were chosen to be part of the study.• Those that take either a singular or plural verb, depending on context, are ―some‖, ―any‖, ―none‖, ―all‖, and ―most‖. The number of the object of the preposition determines the number of the indefinite pronoun related to it.例30Some of the money was stolen.例31Some of the books were lost.例32Not all the disks are here; some were lost.When a fraction is the subject of the sentence, the number of the attendant object of the preposition determines the number of the subject.例33One‐third of the precipitate was dissolved.例34One‐fourth of the electrons are excited.例35The remainder of the compounds are yet to be described.When a subject and its predicative disagree in number, the verb takes the number of the subject.例36The preparation and structure determination of these three compounds are the topic of paper.例37The topic of this paper is the preparation and structure determination of these three compounds.2 Restrictive and Nonrestrictive ClausesWhen a clause in a compound sentence is restrictive, the clause is necessary to the sense of the sentence, the sentence would become pointless without the clause. Restrictive clauses are best introduced by ―that‖, not ―which‖.例38 It was necessary to fined a blocking group which would react with the amino groupbut not with the hydroxyl.→It was necessary to fined a blocking group that would react with the amino group but not with the hydroxyl.A phrase or clause is nonrestrictive if it adds information but is not essential ; that is, thesentence does not lose its meaning if the phrase or clause is deleted.Nonrestrictive phrase and clause are set off by commas.例39The current-voltage curves, which are shown in Figure 6, clearly demonstrate the reversibility of all four processes.例40Melvin Calvin, who won the Nobel Prize in 1961, elucidated the biochemical pathways in photosynthesis.3Dangling Modifiers （悬垂修饰语）何谓Dangling Modifiers （悬垂修饰语）• A dangling modifier is a word or phrase that does not clearly and logically modify another word in the sentence. In scientific writing, passive voice is often necessary (―the solutions were heated‖; melting points were determined‖), but its use can lead to dangling modifiers.• The understood subject is usually the same as in the main clause.Walking across the field, we saw a plane fly past.(= As we were walking …,we saw …)• 与句子主语没有联系的短语修饰语，即动词短语的逻辑主语（隐含主语）与主句主语不一致。
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【错误翻译】This kind of new method have the advantage of high efficiency, easy adjustment.
专业外语—— 科技英语写作中典型错误分析
例1
【汉语原句】 这种新方法具有效率高、容 易调整的优点。
【错误翻译】This kind of new method have the advantage of high efficiency, easy adjustment.
【错误翻译】This kind of new method have the advantage of high efficiency, easy adjustment.
推荐翻译：This device is characterized by (its) easy operation and low price.
【错误翻译】The features of this device are easy in operation and low in price.
例4
【汉语原句】强调指出了光强随圆柱体直径变化 的正弦规律。
【正确翻译】This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and then describes its generation.
【错误分析】语法上，本句没错误。但由于这是一 个并列复合句，一般来说两个并列句中的语态 （有时时态）应该一致。所以做如下修改。
【错误分析】本句主语是features，所以其表语不 能用easy in operation and low in price,而只能用 名词短语,这叫做“主表对等”。如果主语是具 体的东西，我们就可以说This device is good in quality。
【正确翻译】The features of this device are easy operation and low price.或 The device features easy operation and low price.
【错误翻译】The features of this device are easy in operation and low in price.
【正确翻译】The features of this device are easy operation and low price.或 The device features easy operation and low price.
【错误翻译】The sine law of the variance of the light intensity brought due to the variance of the cylinder diameter has been pointed out emphatically.
【错误翻译】The sine law of the variance of the light intensity brought due to the variance of the cylinder diameter has been pointed out emphatically.
【正确翻译】This new method has the advantages of high efficiency and easy adjustment.
【错误分析】 (1)不用this kind of new method， 汉语中的“种”如果在英语中表示只有一种东 西时，不能或不必译出来，如“一种算法”， “一种方法”，“一种元素”；(2)have→has； (3)优点有两个，所以advantages →advantage； (4)优点只有两个，所以之间的连接用and而不用 “，”，更不能用“、”。
【正确翻译】 The sine law of the variation of the light intensity with the cylinder diameter has been emphasized.
【错误分析】不妥有三处。(1)科技文中“变化” 常用“variation”或“change”，而很少用 “variance”；(2)A随着B变化应用固定搭配， “the variation of A with B”；(3)point out emphatically 虽然表达没有错，但是常用 emphasize。
例2
【汉语原句】本文首先讨论了这种信号的特点， 然后讨论了它的产生。
【错误翻译】This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and then its generation is described.
【错误翻译】This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and then its generation is described.
【正确翻译】This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and then describes its generation.
推荐翻译：This paper begins with the discussion on the features of the signal, followed by the description of its generation.
【错误翻译】This paper first discusen its generation is described.
例3
【汉语原句】这台设备的特点是操作简便，价格 低廉。
【错误翻译】The features of this device are easy in operation and low in price.