可任意分度的插齿机齿轮加工回转工作台的设计

可任意分度的插齿机齿轮加工回转工作台的设计

THE DESIGN OF GEAR PROCESSING ROTARY TABLE ON RANDOM INDEXING GEAR SHAPER

摘要

插齿机作为齿轮加工机床的一种，已逐步体现出其加工的优越性，在滚齿机、铣齿机上无法加工的一些齿轮，如双联齿轮和内齿轮，在插齿机上可加工制造出来。在本课题的设计中，采用步进电机控制回转工作台的转角。在单片机的控制下，步进电机每秒钟发出的脉冲数决定了工作台的转位角度，使该插齿机成为真正意义上的可任意分度加工，进而可实现加工任意齿数的齿轮。

本课题所设计的回转工作台是用单片机作为控制系统来控制步进电机的转速，动力由步进电机发出，通过齿轮传动和蜗轮蜗杆传动，将动力传递到蜗轮上，蜗轮的转动再带动主轴转动，从而实现与主轴夹紧的工件的转动。所设计的回转工作台实用、简单、可靠、效率高。

关键词步进电机；回转工作台；单片机；任意分度

Abstract

As one kind of the gear finishing lathes, the gear shaper has manifested the superiority in processing gradually, on the gear-hobbing machine, the gear cutter cann’t be true, for exampl- e,the twin gear and the annular gear, but they can be processed on the gear shaper. In this design, I use a step-by-step the electrical machinery to control the corner of rotary table.Under the control of monolithic integrated circuit, the number of pulse of the step-by-step electrical machinery each second can be sent out to decide the rotary table’s indexing angle, making the gear shaper to become the random indexing processing in the true sense .And then, the gear processing which is mentioned willfully might be realized.

The rotary table designed in this topic is controled by the monolithic integrated circuit to control the rotational speed of step-by-step electrical machinery, the step-by-step electrical machinery send out the power firstly, through the gear drive and the worm gear worm drive, then the power is transmisted to worm gear , and worm gear-rotating makes the main axle rotate the same time, and then,it comes to be realized that the work piece clamped with main axle come to rotate.In my opinion，this design of the rotary table is practical, simple, reliable, and the efficiency is high.

Keywords step-by-step the electrical machinery the rotary table the monolithic integrated circuit random indexing

目录

1 绪论 (1)

1.1 本课题的背景及应解决的主要问题 (1)

1.2 本课题的研究目的和现实意义 (1)

1.3 插齿概述 (2)

1.4 插齿机类型与适用范围 (2)

1.4.1 插齿机类型 (2)

1.4.2 各种插齿机的适用范围 (3)

1.5插齿机的工作原理及其参数 (3)

1.5.1 插齿机的外观图 (3)

1.5.2 插齿机的工作原理 (4)

1.5.3 插齿机的参数 (5)

2 设计方案选择 (6)

2.1 分度工作台 (6)

2.2 数控回转工作台 (6)

2.2.1 开环数控转台 (6)

2.2.2 闭环数控回转工作台 (7)

3 工作台设计 (8)

3.1 步进电机的选择与控制 (8)

3.1.1 步进电动机的特点与种类 (8)

3.1.2 步进电动机的选择 (9)

3.1.3 步进电动机的控制 (9)

3.2 蜗轮蜗杆设计计算 (14)

3.2.1 蜗杆传动输入参数 (14)

3.2.2 接触疲劳强度计算 (15)

3.2.3 确定蜗轮蜗杆的主要尺寸 (16)

3.2.4 确定蜗轮蜗杆的传动效率 (16)

3.2.5 选择蜗轮蜗杆的精度等级 (17)

3.2.6 蜗轮蜗杆传动的热平衡计算 (17)

3.3 齿轮设计计算 (18)

3.3.1 齿轮设计输入参数 (18)

3.3.2 齿轮的材料及热处理 (18)

3.3.3 齿轮的基本参数 (18)

3.3.4 齿面接触疲劳强度校核 (20)