小学英语四种时态.docx
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pep 小学英语四大基本时态
一、一般现在时
1. 一般现在时表示一般情况下经常发生的动作或存在的状态。常与usually,
sometimes, often, always等词连用。
be的变化遵循“我用am,你用are, is用在
2. 一般现在时的谓语动词为be 动词时,
他她它,复数全用are ”的规律。
3.一般现在时的谓语动词为其它动词时,当主语为第三人称单数时,动词要用第三人
称单数形式。如: Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜欢汉语。
4.动词第三人称单数的变化规则:
(1)一般的动词,直接在词尾加s,如: cook-cooks, like-likes.
(2)以 s, x,sh,ch ,o等结尾的动词,加es,如: wash-washes, watch-watches,
go-goes, do-does.
(3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的动词,变y 为 i,再加es,如:study-studies.
(4)不规则变化,如: have-has.
否定句:主语 + be + not +其它。如:He is not a worker.他不是一名工人。
一般疑问句: Be + 主语 +其它如: Are you a student
(2)行为动词的变化。
否定句:主语 + don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:I don't like bread.
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:He doesn't like PE.
一般疑问句: Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它如:Do you often play chess
当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does 构成一般疑问句。如:Does she like PE
特殊疑问句:疑问词 +一般疑问句如: How does your father go to work
现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作。常与 now连用,当句首有 look, listen
时,也用现在进行时。
2.现在进行时肯定句的基本结构为:主语+ be 动词 +动词的现在分词( doing ,即动词的ing 形式 )
(1)其中 be 动词随着主语的变化而变化,be 动词包括 am, is, are。
(2)动词现在分词的变化规则:
A 一般情况下,直接在动词后加ing ,如: cook-cooking.
B 以不发音的 e 结尾的动词,去掉 e 后加 ing ,如: make-making, dance-dancing.
C 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,双写末尾字母后加ing,如: run-running, swim-swimming.
D 以ie结尾的动词,变ie为 y ,再加ing,如: lie-lying, die-dying.
3.现在进行时的否定句:在be 动词后面加 not 。
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句:把be 动词提到句首,首字母大写,句尾改成问号
一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示在过去的某一时间里发生的事情,我们用动词的过去式来表示。常
与 yesterday, last night,just now, a moment ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。
动词在一般过去时中的变化:
(1)am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。( was not=wasn’t )
(2)are在一般过去时中变为were。( were not=weren’t )
were的句子,其否定句、疑问句的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定(3) 带有was
或
句在 was 或 were 后加 not ,一般疑问句把was 或 were 提到句首。
3.句中没有 be 动词的一般过去时的句子:
否定句: didn ’ t + 动词原形,如: Jim didn ’t go home yesterday.
一般疑问句:在句首加did ,句子中的动词过去式变回原形,如:Did Jim go home
yesterday
4.动词过去式变化规则:
(1)一般情况下,在动词原形后面加ed,如: cook-cooked.
(2)以不发音的 e 结尾的单音节词,只加d,如:taste-tasted.
(3)以辅音字母加y 结尾的词,变y 为i ,再加ed,如:study-studied.
(4)以重读闭音节或 r 结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的词,要双写这个字母后再加
ed,如: stop-stopped.
(5)不规则变化,如: go-went, sit-sat.
二十一、一般将来时
1.一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。常常与tomorrow, next Sunday等时间状语连用。
2.基本结构:
(1) be going to do sth.
(2) will do sth.
3.否定句:在 be 动词( am, is, are, was, were)或 will 后加 not 。
4.一般疑问句 : 把 be 动词或 will提到句首, some改为 any, and 改为 or ,第一、二人
称互换。
范文:
1.过去时: ( 动词用过去式 )
Last Weekend
I was busy last weekend. On Saturday morning, I went to the
park with my grandparents. We went fishing there. In the afternoon, I
played ping-pong with my friends. It was funny! On Sunday
morning, I read books and did my homework at home. In the
afternoon, I went shopping with my mother. In the evening, I
played chess with my father. I was very happy last weekend.
2.将来时:( be going to +动词原形或will +动词原形)be going
to=will
Sunday Plan
I am going to have a busy Sunday. In the morning, I am going to the park
with my grandparents. We will go fishing there. In the afternoon , I am going to play ping-pong with my friends. Then we will go to the cinema. In the evening,
I am going to read books
and do my homework at home. Then I will play chess with my father.
It will be a funny day!
3.一般现在时:(第一人称:动词用原形)
My Sunday
I have a busy Sunday.In the morning,I often go the park
with my grandparents. Sometimes we go fishing there.In the
afternoon , I often play ping-pong with my friends. Then we go to
the cinema. In the evening,I often read books and do my homework
at home.Then I often play chess with my father. Sunday is fun!
4.一般现在时:(三单:注意人称、动词 +S)
My family