Exposition
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20
QUESTIONS AND “POINTS TO LEARN”
… we have followed each selection with
analytical questions, among which the instructor can pick and choose if he wishes. …Following each group of questions is a list of “points to learn” about the principles of writing illustrated in the selection.
25
韵文：
有节奏韵律的文学体裁，也指用这种体裁 写成的文章，包括诗、词、歌、赋等（区别于‘散 文’） 散文：1. 指不讲究韵律的文章（区别于‘韵文‘) 2. 指除诗歌、戏剧、小说以外的文学作品， 包括杂文、随笔、特写等。
26
CATEGORIES OF PROSE
Expositon: The setting forth of a systematic explanation of or argument about any subject.说明(文) Narration: the process of relating a sequence of events; or another term for a narrative. 叙述；叙述故事 Description: is the art of translating perceptions into words. All description thus involves two elements: the object—that which is seen or heard—and the observer—he who sees or hears it. According to which predominates, description is of two basic types: objective and impressionistic. (Writing Prose, p. 138)
18
To
acquaint the student with the diversity of the
subjects, purposes, and techniques of good prose is the intention of tstandard not superficial
23
An
Introduction
24
WHAT IS PROSE?
The
form of written language that is not organized according to the formal patterns of verse; although it will have some sort of rhythm, the significant unit being the sentence rather than the line. (Oxford Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms, 1990, p. 180.)
4
Kant said that the point of Enlightenment was to overcome our ‗immaturity‘ by daring to think for ourselves, rather than accepting the authority of others. Foucault summarizes: ― we are in a state of ‗immaturity‘ when a book takes the place of our understanding, when a spiritual director takes the place of our conscience, and when a doctor decides for us what our diet is to be‖. --Foucault: A Very Short Introduction by Gary Cutting
7
Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma -which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. --Commencement address delivered by Steve Jobs at Stanford University on June 12, 2005.
8
The main interest in life and work is to become someone else that you were not in the beginning.
If anyone could change me , could make me not me , it was you ---- Congfu Panda
Exposition The Delicate Art of the Forest Emotive Component of Meaning The Big Bull Market Oxford As I See It Beginnings and Closings Education as a Philosophy
11
自由的思想。没有独立自由的思想，结论都给限定了 了，还奢谈什么“论辩”！？这个让人可以独立自由 思想的环境，必须是容忍多样性的，至少要容忍多样 性的观点。 --陈心想：《追问大学学什么》，《读书》2010年第 10期 薛勇《北大批判》
12
TEXTS SELECTED FOR THIS SEMESTER
9
如果说我曾经教苏菲任何事的话，那就是：要有批判 性的思考态度。黑格尔称之为否定的思考。--《苏菲 的世界》p.499-500
10
大学学什么
北大不教的东西到底是什么呢？从薛先生的书里，大 概可以 概括为：大学学什么，正确的专业意识，读和写，以 及论辩。 郑也夫先生有一篇演讲稿，就是“大学教育教什么？ ”归纳为三个方面：读书、写论文和思考，理工科还 要加上实验。 我很赞同薛先生的一个观点：“什么是大学生活的核 心？在我看来，最重要的就是disputation（论辩） 。这种‘论辩’，并不一定是公开的口头辩论，而更 多的是在心灵中默然进行的是非辨析，是一种永无止 境的精神努力。”可是论辩的前提是什么？那是独立
21
WHAT IS THE BEST WAY OF READING PROSE?
…we
can only say that to us close attention to a writer’s means of expressing what he says is the best way of reading—really reading—what the writer has to say. It is just this attention to how the writer works that is most important to the student of composition.
15
Writing Prose: Techniques and Purposes
by
Thomas Kane and Leonard Peters
16
17
WHAT DOES THIS TEXTBOOK OFFER?
This
book offers the student examples of good writing. One learns to write by imitation—an imitation of the basic patterns, form, and structures In short, our assumption is this: the student of composition should study good prose to learn to write good prose.
22
AIMS TO BE ACHIEVED
How
to say what he does know with clarity and precision. Before a student tries to wrestle with Great Ideas, he should at least have mastered some of the holds.
13
COURSE EVALUATION (100%)
Attendance: 10% Performance in class: 10% Assignment: 10% Final written exam: 70% (see next slide)
14
FINAL EXAM
Rhetoric devices Vocabulary Reading comprehension Paraphrase Translation (English Chinese) Questions
journalistic appeal or timeliness or an introduction to great ideas, but high quality.
19
ABOUT THE EXCERPTS
The
first section of the book reprints short, but self-contained, excerpts from books and essays rather than whole pieces, a procedure that we think has two advantages. First, it keeps the model closer to the length of the average student theme. Second, it allows the student to focus upon a limited number of writing problems.
5
MICHEL FOUCAULT
6
Michel Foucault (French: [miʃɛl fuko]; born PaulMichel Foucault) (15 October 1926 – 25 June 1984) was a French philosopher, social theorist, historian of ideas, and literary critic.
2
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Critical thinking Develop reading habit Learn to write by reading good prose, by analysis and imitation.
3
CRITICAL THINKING
Critical
thinking has been described as ―reasonable reflective thinking focused on deciding what to believe or do.‖ It has also been described as ―thinking about thinking.‖
WRITING PROSE PRESENTED BY YOU NANCHUN
1
You Nanchun 游南醇 School of Foreign Studies South China Normal University Email: younanchun@ Teaching blog: /tblogs/younc/
QUESTIONS AND “POINTS TO LEARN”
… we have followed each selection with
analytical questions, among which the instructor can pick and choose if he wishes. …Following each group of questions is a list of “points to learn” about the principles of writing illustrated in the selection.
25
韵文：
有节奏韵律的文学体裁，也指用这种体裁 写成的文章，包括诗、词、歌、赋等（区别于‘散 文’） 散文：1. 指不讲究韵律的文章（区别于‘韵文‘) 2. 指除诗歌、戏剧、小说以外的文学作品， 包括杂文、随笔、特写等。
26
CATEGORIES OF PROSE
Expositon: The setting forth of a systematic explanation of or argument about any subject.说明(文) Narration: the process of relating a sequence of events; or another term for a narrative. 叙述；叙述故事 Description: is the art of translating perceptions into words. All description thus involves two elements: the object—that which is seen or heard—and the observer—he who sees or hears it. According to which predominates, description is of two basic types: objective and impressionistic. (Writing Prose, p. 138)
18
To
acquaint the student with the diversity of the
subjects, purposes, and techniques of good prose is the intention of tstandard not superficial
23
An
Introduction
24
WHAT IS PROSE?
The
form of written language that is not organized according to the formal patterns of verse; although it will have some sort of rhythm, the significant unit being the sentence rather than the line. (Oxford Concise Dictionary of Literary Terms, 1990, p. 180.)
4
Kant said that the point of Enlightenment was to overcome our ‗immaturity‘ by daring to think for ourselves, rather than accepting the authority of others. Foucault summarizes: ― we are in a state of ‗immaturity‘ when a book takes the place of our understanding, when a spiritual director takes the place of our conscience, and when a doctor decides for us what our diet is to be‖. --Foucault: A Very Short Introduction by Gary Cutting
7
Your time is limited, so don't waste it living someone else's life. Don't be trapped by dogma -which is living with the results of other people's thinking. Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice. And most important, have the courage to follow your heart and intuition. They somehow already know what you truly want to become. Everything else is secondary. --Commencement address delivered by Steve Jobs at Stanford University on June 12, 2005.
8
The main interest in life and work is to become someone else that you were not in the beginning.
If anyone could change me , could make me not me , it was you ---- Congfu Panda
Exposition The Delicate Art of the Forest Emotive Component of Meaning The Big Bull Market Oxford As I See It Beginnings and Closings Education as a Philosophy
11
自由的思想。没有独立自由的思想，结论都给限定了 了，还奢谈什么“论辩”！？这个让人可以独立自由 思想的环境，必须是容忍多样性的，至少要容忍多样 性的观点。 --陈心想：《追问大学学什么》，《读书》2010年第 10期 薛勇《北大批判》
12
TEXTS SELECTED FOR THIS SEMESTER
9
如果说我曾经教苏菲任何事的话，那就是：要有批判 性的思考态度。黑格尔称之为否定的思考。--《苏菲 的世界》p.499-500
10
大学学什么
北大不教的东西到底是什么呢？从薛先生的书里，大 概可以 概括为：大学学什么，正确的专业意识，读和写，以 及论辩。 郑也夫先生有一篇演讲稿，就是“大学教育教什么？ ”归纳为三个方面：读书、写论文和思考，理工科还 要加上实验。 我很赞同薛先生的一个观点：“什么是大学生活的核 心？在我看来，最重要的就是disputation（论辩） 。这种‘论辩’，并不一定是公开的口头辩论，而更 多的是在心灵中默然进行的是非辨析，是一种永无止 境的精神努力。”可是论辩的前提是什么？那是独立
21
WHAT IS THE BEST WAY OF READING PROSE?
…we
can only say that to us close attention to a writer’s means of expressing what he says is the best way of reading—really reading—what the writer has to say. It is just this attention to how the writer works that is most important to the student of composition.
15
Writing Prose: Techniques and Purposes
by
Thomas Kane and Leonard Peters
16
17
WHAT DOES THIS TEXTBOOK OFFER?
This
book offers the student examples of good writing. One learns to write by imitation—an imitation of the basic patterns, form, and structures In short, our assumption is this: the student of composition should study good prose to learn to write good prose.
22
AIMS TO BE ACHIEVED
How
to say what he does know with clarity and precision. Before a student tries to wrestle with Great Ideas, he should at least have mastered some of the holds.
13
COURSE EVALUATION (100%)
Attendance: 10% Performance in class: 10% Assignment: 10% Final written exam: 70% (see next slide)
14
FINAL EXAM
Rhetoric devices Vocabulary Reading comprehension Paraphrase Translation (English Chinese) Questions
journalistic appeal or timeliness or an introduction to great ideas, but high quality.
19
ABOUT THE EXCERPTS
The
first section of the book reprints short, but self-contained, excerpts from books and essays rather than whole pieces, a procedure that we think has two advantages. First, it keeps the model closer to the length of the average student theme. Second, it allows the student to focus upon a limited number of writing problems.
5
MICHEL FOUCAULT
6
Michel Foucault (French: [miʃɛl fuko]; born PaulMichel Foucault) (15 October 1926 – 25 June 1984) was a French philosopher, social theorist, historian of ideas, and literary critic.
2
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Critical thinking Develop reading habit Learn to write by reading good prose, by analysis and imitation.
3
CRITICAL THINKING
Critical
thinking has been described as ―reasonable reflective thinking focused on deciding what to believe or do.‖ It has also been described as ―thinking about thinking.‖
WRITING PROSE PRESENTED BY YOU NANCHUN
1
You Nanchun 游南醇 School of Foreign Studies South China Normal University Email: younanchun@ Teaching blog: /tblogs/younc/