五年级小学英语阅读理解详细讲解与练习
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部编五年级小学英语阅读理解详细讲解与练习
一、阅读信息文中找。
小学阶段的阅读试题答案,基本都能在所给的阅读文中找到所需信息。学生只需带着问题或关键词以寻读的方式,快速在文章中寻找所需信息,切记不可任凭自己的想象,随心所欲的回答。如本班有位同学在做一道阅读填空:Tim and his friend in the sea.没有通过寻找关键词,在文章中寻找的方式,而是根据自己的猜测写出play.
二、寻找信息的顺序性。
一篇阅读文章之后的若干试题,通常依据自上而下的顺序出题。(当然也有个别例外)第一道题所需信息通常在文中的首段,学生只需在文章的第一部分寻找,第二题的信息,则无需从文章的开始浏览,只要从第一个信息之后寻读即可,后面的题依次往下寻找。最后一道题的信息,基本在文章的末段。了解了寻找信息的顺序性,学生无需花费较多的时间一遍又一遍通读全文,增加信息量,干扰阅读理解,影响做题速度。
三、如何快速寻找所需信息
在那到一篇阅读试题时,大部分学生首先会不自觉地通读全文,甚至因思考文中的生词而花费较多的时间,然后再回到试题时,头脑中关于文章的信息已所剩无几。正确的方法是,首先仔细阅读试题,圈出试题中的关键词。如何识别关键词,需要老师在平时的阅读教学中指导、判断。比如:am, is, are , do, did, can, to, of 等虚词通常不可能是关键词,而名词、动词、副词通常为关键词。填空试题:We kites and butterflies in spring. 在看到这道题时,首先引导学生猜测并分析关键词,有同学找出kites, butterflies, spring三个关键词。到底哪个能够更好地帮助我们快速找到所需信息呢?比较这三个单词,单词kites, butterflies之前是所缺信息,一般不可能是首选单词,这时可以快速浏览后面的试题,会发现第二题有单词summer,第三题有单词autumn,第四题有单词winter,这几个单词帮助我们确定spring是第一关键词,而且后面三道题的第一关键词依次是summer,autumn and winter.根据此信息,仔细阅读每段的首句,快速确定与spring有关的段落,其他段落不必阅读。那么,学生会很快找到文章的第二段与spring有关。然后再根据第二关键词kites, butterflies寻找所需信息,带着这两个关键词,在文章的第二段中,找出含有此单词的句子,并做下划线注释,We can fly kites, We can catch butterflies . 缩小寻找范围之后,再判断那个是所需单词,由于kites之前有 can fly 两个单词,到底哪一个才是正确的答案呢?这时我们可以判断那个单词离kites最近,最终确定单词fly 。然后试读句子:We fly kites.省略单词can,不影响正确表达,仍然通顺。
对于阅读文中的问答题,方法基本相同。首先找出问题中的关键词,然后带着关键词在文章中寻找答案。试题Where are Tim and his friends?通常疑问词都是关键词,通过疑问词Where,知道所需信息是地点,同时根据另一关键词Tim, friends,能过快速在文中找到:Tim and his friends are at the beach. At the beach 是地点单词,即我们所需的信息。
四、判断正误。
对于阅读试题中的判断正误题,相对比较简单,但学生的出错率仍然较大,究其原因,学生不懂判断的方法,通常是读完试题之后,凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致,仍需找出试题中的关键词,带着关键词,在文中寻找所需信息,然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致,如一致则正确,,反之错误。试
题:Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在试题中寻找关键词:Mary,sick, Mother,doctor.带着这些关键词,在文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题,所以我们将答案定位于文章的首段,文中:Mother says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not sick信息不一致,所以不正确。最后一题:The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一题,信息基本在文章的末断,我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后,同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.试题中:not hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符,所以错误。
阅读理解1:选择正确的答案,把编号写在前面的括号里
There are seven days in a week . They are Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday . Sunday is the first day of the week . In Sunday , I am playing cards with my friends . Monday is the second . We are walking to school . Tuesday is the third . I often do my homework . Wednesday is the fourth . We are flying kites in the park . Thursday is the fifth . We do my math . Friday is the sixth . We are working hard at school . Saturday is the seventh . We are having fun together .
( )1、There are days in a week .
A、six
B、 five
C、seven
( )2、What is the first day of a week ? .
A、Monday
B、Saturday
C、Sunday
( ) 3、What am I doing in Tuesday ? .
A、do my homework .
B、fly kites .
C、do my math .
( )4、The fifth day of a week is .
A、Friday
B、Thursday
C、Wednesday
( )5、In Saturday , we are .
A、doing my homework
B、flying kites
C、having fun together
阅读理解2:判断下列句子意思与短文是否相符,用“T”或“F”表示
My Family
I have a happy family. My father is a police officer. He is tall. He likes to play basketball and checkers. My mother is a teacher. She likes to watch TV and read books. I am a student. I am a boy. I like to play on the computer. I am shorter than my father and my mother. We like to eat noodles. We like to go for a walk after supper. We are a happy family.
( ) 26. My father is a police officer.
( ) 27. My father is short.
( ) 28.My father likes to play football and checkers.
( ) 29.My mother is a teacher.
( ) 30.My mother likes to watch TV and read books.
( )31.I am a student. I am a girl.
( )32.I like to play on the computer.
( ) 33.I am taller than my mother.
( ) 34.We like to eat soup.
( ) 35.We are a happy family.
阅读理解3:选择正确的答案,把编号写在前面的括号里。