修辞学
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• 在翻译中，有些转移修饰语与汉语中的表 达习惯基本相同，这时就可按其形式译为 中文，如：We spent a sleepless night. 可译为：我们度过了一个不眠之夜。
• 转移修饰语在英语中，尤其在英语文学作 品中十分常见，在翻译是，如对这种修辞 格不熟悉，就可能造成理解和翻译错误。 • But they heard her laugh, right by the porch, and the tune stopped on a wrong, high, startled note.
• We are told to respect gray hairs. • Do you enjoy Shakespeare? • The whole city turned out to watch the street performance.
• d. transferred epithet—A transferred epithet is a figure of speech in which an adjective or descriptive phrase is transferred, most commonly, from a person to a thing. e.g. (转移修饰语) • The plowman (庄稼汉, 把犁人) homeward plods his weary way.) • 疲倦不堪的庄稼汉吃力地向家走去.
• 不过，他们听到了她的笑声，就在门廊边 上。琴拉得走了调，在一个令人吃惊的高 音上打住了。
• 不过，他们听到了她的笑声，就在门廊边 上。爷爷吃了一惊，琴拉得走了调，冒出 个高音就停住了
• E. Litotes [laitouti;z] • It is an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite. • It is no laughing matter. • It is not unpleasant to see a good film now and then. (It is pleasant to see a good film now and then. )
• Unemphatic: The inhabitants of the city were robbed, killed, and starved. • Emphatic: The inhabitants of the city were robbed, starved, and killed.
修辞复习 • Figures of Speech (修辞手段) • a. simile (The world is like a stage.) • b. metaphor (The world is a stage.)
• c. metonymy——A metonymy consists in the use of the name of another which is closely associated with it or which it clearly suggests. (转 喻，换喻 ) e.g. • The kettle boils. 表示：The water in the kettle boils. • The Pentagon has not yet made clear its decision. (Pentagon refers not to the building but to the U.S. Defense Ministry )
• After an unthinking moment, she put her pen into her month.
• 过了一会，她想不出什么来，就把钢笔含 在嘴里。 • There was an amazed silence among the people.
• 人们十分惊讶，但都默不作声
• Weak: His lecture is most informative, I think. • Revised: His lecture, I think, is most informative.
• a. Arrange a series of items in climatic order, that is, in an order that starts from the least important to the most important (or from the general to the specific) • • Unemphatic: He is a famous writer, a sportsman, and a widower. • Emphatic: He is a widower, a sportsman, and famous writer.
2. Sentence Emphasis. • Emphasis refers to the use of rhetorical devices to show the relative importance of ideas in the sentence. The following devices may help to achieve emphasis. • • a. Placwenku.baidu.com important words in important positions. • The most prominent position in a sentence is the end, and the position of second importance is the beginning.
• Place the important in the main clause, the unimportant in the subordinate clause.
• 转移修饰语在英语中，尤其在英语文学作 品中十分常见，在翻译是，如对这种修辞 格不熟悉，就可能造成理解和翻译错误。 • But they heard her laugh, right by the porch, and the tune stopped on a wrong, high, startled note.
• We are told to respect gray hairs. • Do you enjoy Shakespeare? • The whole city turned out to watch the street performance.
• d. transferred epithet—A transferred epithet is a figure of speech in which an adjective or descriptive phrase is transferred, most commonly, from a person to a thing. e.g. (转移修饰语) • The plowman (庄稼汉, 把犁人) homeward plods his weary way.) • 疲倦不堪的庄稼汉吃力地向家走去.
• 不过，他们听到了她的笑声，就在门廊边 上。琴拉得走了调，在一个令人吃惊的高 音上打住了。
• 不过，他们听到了她的笑声，就在门廊边 上。爷爷吃了一惊，琴拉得走了调，冒出 个高音就停住了
• E. Litotes [laitouti;z] • It is an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite. • It is no laughing matter. • It is not unpleasant to see a good film now and then. (It is pleasant to see a good film now and then. )
• Unemphatic: The inhabitants of the city were robbed, killed, and starved. • Emphatic: The inhabitants of the city were robbed, starved, and killed.
修辞复习 • Figures of Speech (修辞手段) • a. simile (The world is like a stage.) • b. metaphor (The world is a stage.)
• c. metonymy——A metonymy consists in the use of the name of another which is closely associated with it or which it clearly suggests. (转 喻，换喻 ) e.g. • The kettle boils. 表示：The water in the kettle boils. • The Pentagon has not yet made clear its decision. (Pentagon refers not to the building but to the U.S. Defense Ministry )
• After an unthinking moment, she put her pen into her month.
• 过了一会，她想不出什么来，就把钢笔含 在嘴里。 • There was an amazed silence among the people.
• 人们十分惊讶，但都默不作声
• Weak: His lecture is most informative, I think. • Revised: His lecture, I think, is most informative.
• a. Arrange a series of items in climatic order, that is, in an order that starts from the least important to the most important (or from the general to the specific) • • Unemphatic: He is a famous writer, a sportsman, and a widower. • Emphatic: He is a widower, a sportsman, and famous writer.
2. Sentence Emphasis. • Emphasis refers to the use of rhetorical devices to show the relative importance of ideas in the sentence. The following devices may help to achieve emphasis. • • a. Placwenku.baidu.com important words in important positions. • The most prominent position in a sentence is the end, and the position of second importance is the beginning.
• Place the important in the main clause, the unimportant in the subordinate clause.