初中宾语从句专题

学员姓名: 年级：初三课时数：2 辅导科目：英语学科教师: 讲义审核：授课主题宾语从句专题

教学目标掌握宾语从句构成方法及主要考点

重点：掌握宾语从句三要素

教学重难点

难点：掌握宾语从句时态的问题，whether和if的区别

授课日期及时段2020年月日

教学内容

一、什么是宾语从句

由一个句子来充当宾语，这样的复合句叫宾语从句。例如：

He speak English . （这是简单句，不是宾语从句）

（动词）（名词宾语）

He says （that）he can speak English. （宾语从句）

（动词）（句子宾语）

He says（that）he can speak English.

（主句）（从句）

二、宾语从句三要素

宾语从句三要素

（连接词）引导词★语序★时态

三、用法详解

考点1：连接词（引导词）：

（1）所接从句为陈述句时，由that连接。（that在句中不作成分，无意义，可省略）【例句】She tells us. She will help us with maths . （合并为一句）

She tells us（that）she will help us with maths .

她说她会帮我们学数学

（2）所接从句为一般疑问句时，由if或whether连接。

（if/whether意为“是否”，在句中不作成分，但有意义，不可省略。）

【例句】He asks us. Will she help us with maths ? （合并为一句）

He asks us if/whether she will help us with maths

（3）连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what引导

连接副词when, where, why, how引导

【例句】1) He wants to know. When will she come back?（合并为一句）

He wants to know when she will come back.

2)Could you tell me why the train is late?

3)Do you know where he lives ?

4) He asks us how she helps us with maths.

5) He wants to know which of toys you like best .

6) They believed what you said.

7) Do you know whose book it is?

8) He asked who could answer the question.

9) He asks us whom/who we invited.

典型例题

1 ) I wonder ______ you would like to come to my birthday party.

A. that

B. whether

C. that if

D. that whether 2 ) —Do you remember______ he came here? —Of course I do. His father drove him here.

A. whether

B. when

C. how

D. why 3）Can you tell me _______ ?

A. whom will be your choice

B. whom your choice will be

C. which of us will you choose

D. which of us you will choose

考点2：宾语从句的语序

(1)宾语从句的语序：陈述语序，即主谓语序(引导词在句首)。 【例句】1) When did he leave? I don’t know. 合并为一句

I don’t know when he left. （√ ）（陈述语序） I don’t know when did he leave.（×）（疑问语序）

2) Do you know ？ 合并为一句 Whose book is it ?

Do you know whose book it is ?（√ ）（陈述语序）

(2)宾语从句的否定转移：当动词think, believe, suppose, expect 后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称时，其否定通常转移到主句上。 I don’t think we need waste much time on it. 我想我们不必在这上面花太多时间。 I don’t believe that it is true. 我相信那不是真的。

4）请翻译：

我觉得她对这部几十年前拍的电影不感兴趣。

小练一下

引导词+主语+谓语

5）— Do you know ______ for Shanghai last night? — At 9:00.

A. what time he leaves

B. what time does he leave

C. what time he left

D. what time did he leave

6）—Can you tell me ____ the first prize, Tom? —Last year.

A. when you got

B. when did you get

C. when you will get

D. when you will get

考点3：宾语从句的时态：

(1)当主句的谓语动词为现在或将来时态（并非只指一般现在时，也可以是一般将来

时，现在进行时等现在时态）时，从句的谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。

1）主现从任意

(2)当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，宾语从句的谓语动词必须用与过去时态相关的时

态。

注意：过去时态并非只指一般过去时，只要是过去的时态形式即可。

2）主过从过

注意以下这种结构：

Could you tell me when I can leave ?

“could” 在此表委婉语气，不是指过去时, 所以从句用“can” （即根据从句自身需要来

确定时态），而不能用“could”。