初中英语作文实用简要知识点

英文写作指导

一、做题步骤

一审”即审题。主要是看清楚题目要求，读懂题目所表达的含义，抓住要点，注意文体是什么，准备写作的人称和时态：如果是日记和故事，宜采用过去时态；如是简介之类的，宜采用现在时态。故事性文章一般用过去时，其中表达感受时可用现在时。说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时，举例时可用过去时。

“二写”即列纲。主要是列个提纲，考虑所要选用的单词、词组、句型，要能根据自己的英语水平，尽量扬长避短，避难就易。遇到想不起的词、句时，就用同（近）义词或同义句代替，不要使用没有把握的词句，并且要综合考虑所涉及到的情景、场合，语言要地道。

“三连”即连句成文。根据短文的内容要求，确定先写什么，后写什么，按照表述内容的情节发展和实际需要，重新排列组合已写成的句子，划分必要的段落，一般分成三段。但要注意句式的灵活运用，长、短句，简单句，复合句要搭配运用。

“四改”即修改润色全文。主要是看全文符不符合题目要求，行文是否流畅，有没有遗漏要点；语法是不是正确，包括单词的拼写、大小写、标点符号、时态、语态、单复数、主谓一致、冠词等。

*总之做到三审：体裁、时态、人称；

三思：词汇—>短语—>句式；

三查：要点、拼写和语法、连贯

文章分3段：

（1）综述：概括性强，最多2句话引入主题；

（2）正文——主要内容：层次性强，一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3个方面，每个方面最多2句话；

（3）结尾：紧扣主题，2句话内结束，尽量升华。

二、常用连接词：

连词：

1)表层次:

first, firstly, second, secondly, third,thirdly, to begin with, to start with, what is more, last, also, and then ,next, besides, at first; at last; in the end…when/while/as soon as/not… until…

in addition , finally ,on one hand ....on the other hand，each/one coin has two sides，

2)表转折；but, however, though, although, after all, in spite of, fortunately，unfortunately，at the same time…

3)表递近：in addition, besides, moreover, what`s more

4)因果because, so, because of, thanks to, due to ,for, since, owing to, as a result(of), hence, thus

5)例证for example, for instance, such as

6)表示利弊的：be good/bad for sb.; be harmful to sb.; do harm to sb.; …have great/much influence on sb.; sth. benefit sb.; sb benefit from sth.; affect; have an effect on sb.;

表示喜爱的：love/like/enjoy…; be fond of…; be interested in…; show great interest in…; lose oneself in…; put one’s heart into…;

7)总结As I see, As for me ，As we all know, in general, generally speaking, I think..., in fact ,

in a word, in brief, in conclusion, in short, in summary, to sum up, As far as I know，In my opinion

三、常见的插入语

有形容词(词组)、副词、不定式、现在分词短语、介词短语、从句以及固定短语。

1.常见的形容词(词组)、副词作插入语的有:sure enough(果然); strange; worse still(更糟糕的是); most important(最重要的是); honestly; obviously; however; otherwise; luckily; unfortunately; besides; first; second; especially; surprisingly 等。

例如: Worse still, the lion could even carry off the baby in its mouth.

We must do the experiment carefully; otherwise you'll get another result.

Honestly, I don't need it at the moment. He likes the country, especially in spring

2.常见的不定式有:to tell the truth; to be short(简单地);to begin with(首先); to be

sure(自然、当然、果然);to be honest/frank; to make things worse; to make a long story short; to speak of(值得一提的是),to be fair ,to sum up(概括地说) 等。这些插入语表示说话人的态度,在句子中作独立成份。

3.常见的介词短语有:in fact; in addition; in a word; on the other hand; in other words; in one's opinion; in that case; by the way; of course; as a rule(通常);to one's surprise; for example; on the contrary(相反);in a way(在某点上、在某种程度上); for one thing; for another (thing)等。例如:In a way, I think we both won in the game

四、文中正确使用两三个好的句型，如：宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。

1、宾语从句举例：I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful and prosperous.

2、状语从句举例：If everyone does something for the environment， our hometown will become clean

and beautiful。

3、动名词做主语举例：Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes。

it做形式主语：It’s bad for our eyes to read books in the sun。

4、常用状语从句句型：

1)时间when，not…until，as soon as

2)目的so that...；to do( 为了)

3)结果so…that...，too…to…(太……以至于……)

4)条件if，unless(除非)，as long as(只要)

5)让步though，although，even though，even if

no matter what/when/where/who/which/how

6)比较as…as…，not so…as…，than

附：

掌握常用句型：

下面只列举比较常用的。

1.in order to 为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力。

He worked very hard in order tor realize his dream.

2.so…that 他们太累了，除了伸懒腰什么都做不了。

They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.

3.would rather…than 他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己说。

He would rather listen to others than talk himself.

4.not only…but also 在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。

In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons , but also received her

doctor’s degree.

5.either…or 如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。

You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.

6.neither…nor 他是一个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。

He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading.

7.as well as 他善良又乐于助人。

He was kind as well as helpful.

8.…as well 这个小孩活泼又可爱。

The child is active and funny as well.

9.One…the other 你看见桌子上有两只笔吗？一支是红色的，另一支是黑色的。

Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.

10.Some…others 每个人都很忙，有些在读书，有些在写作。

Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing.

11.not…until 直到他告诉我发生的事，我才了解真相。