专业术语缩写大全

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各行业名称缩写

各行业专业名称缩写大全- 什么是UI ：UI的本意是用户界面，是英文User和interface的缩写。

- 什么是GUIGraphics User Interface 图形用户界面有时也称为WIMP=Window/Icon/Menu/Pointing Device 窗口、图标、菜单、指点设备- 什么是HUIHandset User Interface 手持设备用户界面- 什么是WUIWeb User Interface 网页风格用户界面- 什么是用户界面设计：在人和机器的互动过程（Human Machine Interaction）中，有一个层面，即我们所说的界面（interface）。

从心理学意义来分，界面可分为感觉（视觉、触觉、听觉等）和情感两个层次。

用户界面设计是屏幕产品的重要组成部分。

界面设计是一个复杂的有不同学科参与的工程，认知心理学、设计学、语言学等在此都扮演着重要的角色。

用户界面设计的三大原则是：置界面于用户的控制之下；减少用户的记忆负担；保持界面的一致性。

- 什么是IA:Information Architect 信息架构- 什么是UX:user experience用户体验- 什么是HCI:human computer interaction人机交互- 什么是CHI:computer-human interaction人机交互- 什么是UCD:user -centered design用户中心设计- 什么是UPA:usability professionals' association 可用性专家协会- 什么是AI：Adobe Illustrator ；目前最权威的矢量图绘制软件，*.ai是它的格式文件。

IA在指一项工作的时候是Information Architecture，指从事这项工作的人的时候是Information Architect- 什么是CD：CorelDraw强大矢量图绘制软件。

专业术语缩写说明

缩写说明Metrics:HR Dept.:L.W.D.C: Lost Work Day Case RateQuality Dept.:COQ: Cost of QualityWIR: Wiring Incident ReportFTQ: First Time QualityWFCC: Worldwide Formal Customer Complaint PPM：Pieces per MillionRRPPM: Return & Reject Piece Per Million IPTV: Incident Per Thousand VehiclesEngineering Dept.:C/O: Changeover timeC/T: Cycle TimePDT: Planned DowntimeLT: Lost TimeDT: DowntimeOA: Operational AvailabilityOE: Operational EffectivenessPC&L Dept.:OEM： On time ShipmentsIPM: Incident Per MillionE&O: Excess & ObsoletePRR: Problem Resolving RequestMU: Material UtilizationOthers:Tpct: Total Production Cycle TimeMCR: Material Cost Reduction6SIGMADMAIC: Define, Measure, Analysis, Improve, ControlVOC: Voice of CustomerCTQ: Critical to QualitySIPOC: Supplier, Input, Process, Output, CustomerI&CIM: Innovation, & Continuos ImprovementTMAP: Though MapPMAP: Process MapMSE: Measure System EvaluationFMEA: Failure Modes and Effects AnalysisNEM: Numerical Evaluation of MetricsANOVA: Analysis of VarianceDOE : Design of ExperimentsLEAN1．DMS -- Delphi Manufacturing system⏹EEI : Employee Environment & Involvement⏹WPO: Workplace Organization⏹QS: Quality System⏹OA: Operational Availability⏹MM: material movement⏹MSD: Manufacturing System Design2．KMS -- Kaizen Manufacturing system3．OSKKK -- Observation, Standardization, Kaizen, Kaizen, Kaizen ……4．PFP -- People Focus practice5．VSM—Value Stream Mapping6．TPM: Total Production Maintenance7．PMP: Production Maintenance Partnership8．PM: Planned Maintenance9．TPS: Toyota Production System10. SMED: Single Minutes of Exchange Die12. FIFO: First In First Out13. 5S: Clear (Sort), Organize ( Straighten), Clean(Sweep), Maintain (Standardize),Continuous Improvement ( Sustain)14. NWG: Natural Work Group15. WIP: Work In Process16. PFEP: Plant For Every Part17. JIT: Just in Time18. PDCA: Plan – Do – Check – Action19. SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process20. VOC: Voice of Customer21. MSDS: Material Safety Date Sheets22. PDP: Product Development Process23. PTC: Protect The Customer24. APQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning25. SPDP: Supplier Performance Development Process26. QSA: Quality System Assessment27. SPC: Statistic Process Control28. PDAP: Production Part Approval29. DBS: Delphi Business System30. MSA: Measurement System Analysis31. FMEA: Failure Mode and Effects Analysis32. TLCC: Total Life Cycle CostEach FunctionHR Dept:HR: Human ResourcePBP: People Business PlanNWG: Natural Work GroupPPI: People Performance IndexMSDS: Material Safety Data SheetsOSHA : Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationIS&S Dept.IS&S: Information System and ServiceIT: Information TechnologyFS: Fourth ShiftMRP: Material Requirement PlanERP: Enterprise Resource PlanSAP: System, Application & ProductsJIT: Just – In – TimeSILS: Supply in Line SequenceOA: Office AutomationISP: Information Security PolicyFIS: An information System Supporting Audi A4 Production in FAW-VW BF: Back FlushOS: Operation SystemIP: Internet ProtocolPC& L:PC& L: Production Control & LogisticE & O: Excess and ObsoletePFEP: Plan For Every PartsTOR: Turn Over RateIPM: Incident Per MillionMPS: Master Production SchedulePO: Purchasing OrderMOQ: Minim Order QualityPPQ: Part Packing QualityL/T: Lead-TimeBOM: Bill of MaterialsWIP: Work In ProcessFIFO: First In First OutDOH: Day On HandPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingI/E DeptI/E: Import & ExportLMC: Logistic Management CompanyP/A: Public AffairsRDC: Regional Distribution CenterC.C : Consolidation CenterCCIB: China Commodity Inspection BranchCD: Customs DutyVAT: Value Added TaxPR/R: Problem Resolution and ReportingQuality Dept.QC: Quality ControlQSA: Quality System AssessmentDBS: Delphi Business SystemPDP: Product Development ProcessAPQP: Advanced Product Quality Planning and Control Plan PPAP: Production Part ApprovalSPDP: Supplier Performance Development ProcessMSA: Measurement System AnalysisSPC: Statistic Process ControlFMEA: Failure Mode And Effects AnalysisCSE: Customer Support EngineerIP: Improvement PlanDOE : Design of ExperimentsGage R&R : Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility SQIP: Supplier Quality Improvement Process GD&T : Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing PR/R : Problem Resolution and ReportingAE Dept.PDP: Product Development Process--PI: Product Initiation--CD: Concept Direction--CA: Concept Approval--PA: Product ApprovalAE: Application EngineeringOTS: Off- Tool- SamplesSOP: Start of ProductionOS: Start null seriesCKD: Comletely Knocked DownMPI: Muli Point InjectionPDM: Product Description ManualABS: Anti-Blacker- SystemEOP: End of ProductionCES: CATIA Electric SystemGPS: Global Positioning SystemAT: Automatic TransmissionAC: Air ConditionTDI: Turbo direction injectionSDI: Suck Diesel InjectionCAN: Controller Area NetworkSKD: Semi Knocked DownCVT: Continuously Variable TransmissionDUM: Digital Mock UpADP: Delphi Advanced Development ProcessEngineering Dept.M & TD: Machine & Tool DesignPCT: Planned Cycle TimeSWIP: Standard Work In ProcessCAD: Computer Aided DesignCAE: Computer Aided EngineeringCAM: Computer Aided ManufacturingCIP: Continuous Improvement ProcessDFA: Design for AssemblyDFE: Design for EnvironmentDFM: Define for ManufacturabilityDFMEA: Design Failure Mode and Effects AnalysisEBOM: Engineering Bill of MaterialEWO: Engineering Work OrderFM : Flow ManufacturingM-BOM: Manufacturing Bill of MaterialFinance Dept.ICRQ: Internal Control Review QuestionnairesTTM: Total travel managementABC: Analysis based on costFARS: Financial Accounting and Reporting StaffCFPR: Corporate Financial Policy & ReportingD-CAP: Delphi Corporate Accounting PoliciesOthersE/EDS: Electric/Electronic Distribution SystemDCS: Delphi Connection SystemDMS: Delphi Mechtronic SystemOCM: Organizational change ManagementAIAG: Automotive Industries Action GroupAPP: Advance Purchasing ProcessAR: Appropriation RequestASQC: American Society for Quality ControlCAMIP: Continuous Automotive Marketing Information Program CAPPLAN : Capacity Planning SystemCMVSS : Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsCP: Critical PathCPM : Critical Path MethodDD: Design and DevelopmentDV: Design ValidationFEA: Finite Element AnalysisIDR: Interim Design ReviewKCC: Key Control CharacteristicKCDS: Key Characteristic Designation SystemKPC: Key Product CharacteristicMRD: Material Required DateMVSS: Motor Vehicle Safety StandardsP-BOM: Product Bill of MaterialPC: Problem CommunicationPDR: Preliminary Design ReviewPL: Project LaunchPM: Project ManagementPR: Performance ReviewPRR: Production Readiness ReviewPV: Product ValidationPVR: Process Validation ReviewQFD: Quality Function DeploymentQRDP: quality, reliability, durability, and performance RASI: responsibility matrixRC: Requirements and ConceptsRR: Requirements ReviewSORP: Start of Regular ProductionSOW: Statement of WorkTALC: Trim-Appearance-Lighting-ColorTDP: Delphi Technology Development Process TIR: Test Incident ReportTSM: Trade Study MethodologyVSM: Variation Simulation ModelingWBS: Work Breakdown Structure。

常识和专业术语的缩写

口温36.3-37.2肛温36.5-37.3腋温36-37成人脉率60-100/min呼吸频率16-20/min成人尿比重1.015-1.025肺下移动度6-8cm肠鸣音的频率4-5/min成人男性红细胞计数（4.0-5.5）*1012/L成人女性红细胞计数（3.5-5.0）*1012/L新生儿红细胞计数（5.0-7.0）成人男性血红蛋白计数120-160G/L成人女性血红蛋白计数110-150新生儿血红蛋白170-200白细胞计数（4.0-10.0）*109/L网织细胞计数（24-84）血小板计数（100-300）内生肌酐清除率80-120ML/min血清尿素氮3.2-7.1血清蛋白总量60-80g/l血清白蛋白40-55血清球蛋白20-30血清总胆红素1.7-17.1血清直接胆红素0-4血钾3.5-5.1mmol/L血钠135-147血氯化物95-105血钙2.25-2.75血嶙0.80-1.60血清总甲状腺素74-146nmol/L空腹血糖3.9-6.0mmol/L成人颅内压70-200mmH2O（0.69-1.96KPa）儿童颅内压50-100 （0.49-0.98）基础代谢率+-10%骨盆入口钱前后径11cm骨盆入口横径13cm骨盆入口斜径12.75cm中骨盆前后径11.5cm坐骨棘间径8.5-9.5cm骨盆入口前矢状径6cm骨盆入口后矢状径8.5cm枕下前线径9.5cm枕额径11.3cm双顶径9.3cm胎儿头皮血PH 7.25-7.35新生儿呼吸频率40-45/min新生儿心率100-150/min足月儿血清胆红素<205.2早产儿血清胆红素<257新生儿血小板（150-250）*109/L新生儿收缩压60-70烧伤后第一个24小时补液量=体重（kg）*2、3度烧伤面积*1.5氧浓度=21+4*氧流量输液时间=液体总量*系数/每分钟低数*60min预产期=末次月经第一天起，月份-3（+9），日期+7儿科体重计算公式：1-6个月：体重=出生时的体重（kg）+月龄*0.77-12个月：体重=6（kg）+月龄*0.252-12岁：体重=年龄*2+8小儿身高计算公式：1岁身高75cm，2岁身高87cm2-12岁+年龄&7+75cmqd——1日1次，bid——1日2次，tid——1日3次，qid——1日4次，qod——隔日1次，qw——每周1次，biw——两周1次，q2h——每2小时1次，q8h——每8小时1次，qn——每晚睡前1次，2～3次/d——每日2～3次皮下——皮下注射，肌注——肌肉注射，静注——静脉注射静滴——静脉滴注(即打点滴) ad 至.ext. 外用 a.m. 上午A.s.t.！皮试aq.dest. 蒸馏水alt.2h. 每隔2小时一次Cito! 急速地! D.S. 给予标记g. 克h.s. 睡时I.d 皮内注射I.h 皮下注射I.m 肌肉注射I.v 静脉注射I.v.derp 静脉滴注I.v.drip 静脉滴注I.v.gtt 静脉滴注I.u 国际单位Lent! 慢慢地! m.d. 用法口授,遵照医嘱M.D.S. 混合,给予,标记M.f.pulv. 混合制成散剂mg. 毫克ml. 毫升m.s. 用法口授,遵照医嘱p.a.a. 用于患处p 单位p.c 饭后pg. 微克p.m 下午p.o. 口服pr.aur. 耳用prim.vic.No2 首剂倍量p.r.n 必要时pr.nar. 鼻用pr.nar. 鼻用pr.ocul. 眼用p.t.c. 皮试后q.6h. 每6小时q.2d. 每二天一次q.h. 每小时q.m. 每晨q.n. 每晚q.o.d. 隔日q.s. 适量q.w.d. 每周Rp. 取S. 标记,用法s.I.d. 每日一次s.o.s. 需要时St! 立即! Staim! 立即stat.! 立即! T! 皮试t.c.s. 皮试u. 单位1.颈动脉搏动检查时为什么不能双侧同时检查？答：会晕厥。

供应链专业术语缩写及含义

供应链专业术语缩写及含义供应链领域中存在大量的专业术语及缩写，这些术语在日常工作中经常被使用到，对于从事供应链相关工作的专业人士来说，熟悉并理解这些术语及缩写是至关重要的。

下面将对一些常见的供应链专业术语及缩写进行解释。

1. SCM：供应链管理（Supply Chain Management）供应链管理是指整个从原材料采购到产品最终交付给客户的整个过程。

它包括了整个供应链的规划、执行和控制，旨在最大化效率和利润。

2. ERP：企业资源规划（Enterprise Resource Planning）ERP系统是一种集成管理软件，可以帮助企业有效地规划、执行和控制各种资源，包括人力资源、财务资源、物流资源等，从而全面提升企业的运营效率。

3. JIT：即时制造（Just-In-Time）JIT是一种精确的生产方式，通过及时交付所需的零部件和原材料，减少库存和制造过程中的浪费，从而提高生产效率和降低成本。

4. ROI：投资回报率（Return on Investment）ROI是一种衡量投资收益的指标，通常以百分比的形式表示，可以帮助企业评估投资项目的盈利能力。

5. KPI：关键绩效指标（Key Performance Indicator）KPI是用于衡量企业绩效和目标实现程度的重要指标，可以帮助企业了解自身的运营状况，从而制定合适的战略和目标。

6. SCOR：供应链运营参考模型（Supply Chain Operations Reference Model）SCOR是一种用于衡量和改善供应链整体绩效的标准化方法，可以帮助企业识别和改进供应链中的各个环节。

7. 3PL：第三方物流（Third-party Logistics）3PL是指将物流服务外包给第三方物流公司，包括货运、仓储、配送等服务，可以帮助企业降低成本，提高效率。

8. WMS：仓储管理系统（Warehouse Management System）WMS是一种用于管理仓储操作的软件系统，可以帮助企业实现仓储作业的自动化和规范化，提高仓储效率。

临床专业术语缩写

专业术语缩略语英文全称中文全称ADE AdverseＤrug Event药物不良事件ADＲAdｖerｓe DruｇReaｃtion 药物不良反应AE Aｄverse Event 不良事件ＡI Asｓistant Iｎｖｅsｔigaｔor 助理研究者BMI Body Mass Iｎdex 体质指数ＣI Ｃｏ—inveｓtigatｏr 合作研究者CＯI Coordinatiｎg Ｉｎvｅstｉgａｔoｒ协调研究者CRＡＣliｎical Reseaｒch Aｓsoｃiaｔｅ临床监查员（临床监察员)CRC ClinicaｌResearch Coｏrdｉｎａtor 临床研究协调者CＲF Ｃａｓe Ｒeｐoｒt Ｆorｍ病历报告表CRＯContracｔReｓearcｈOrganizａtion 合同研究组织CＳA Clｉｎicａl Ｓtudy Applｉｃａtｉon临床研究申请CTA Clｉnical Trｉal Appｌicatiｏn 临床试验申请CＴX Clinｉcａl ＴriaｌEｘemption 临床试验免责CTP CｌinicaｌTrial Pｒotｏcoｌ临床试验方案ＣTＲCliniｃalＴrｉalＲepoｒt 临床试验报告DＳMＢDａｔa Sａfety aｎd moｎitoｒing Bｏａｒd数据安全及监控委员会EDC Electronic Dａta Captｕre 电子数据采集系统EDＰEｌｅcｔronic Daｔa Pｒｏcessing 电子数据处理系统FDＡＦood ａnｄDｒug Administｒaｔiｏn 美国食品与药品管理局FR Fｉnal Rｅport 总结报告ＧCP Goｏd Clinicａl Praｃtｉce 药物临床试验质量管理规范GLP Gｏod Labｏｒａtory Ｐracｔicｅ药物非临床试验质量管理规范GMP Ｇｏod Manufactuｒｉng Prａctｉce 药品生产质量管理规范ＩＢIｎveｓｔiｇaｔor’s Brochure 研究者手册ＩC Informed Coｎsent 知情同意ＩCＦInｆormｅd CｏnｓenｔＦorm 知情同意书ICH IｎternatioｎａlＣoｎｆerｅnce ｏｎHaｒｍｏnｉzation国际协调会议IDM Indeｐendent Ｄａta Ｍoｎitｏring 独立数据监察ＩDMC Independｅｎt Ｄａta Monitｏring Cｏmmittee独立数据监察委员会IEC Ｉndeｐeｎdent Ethics Commiｔtee 独立伦理委员会IND ＩnvestigationaｌNeｗＤrug 新药临床研究IＲB ＩnsｔitutｉonａｌReview Bｏａrd 机构审查委员会ＩVD IｎViｔrｏＤiａgｎｏｓtic 体外诊断IVRS ＩntｅracｔivｅVoiｃeＲｅsｐｏnｓe Syｓtｅm互动语音应答系统MA Marketing Ａpprovａl/Ａｕthoｒiｚａtioｎ上市许可证MCＡMｅdiciｎes Ｃoｎtrｏl Agency 英国药品监督局MＨW Minｉsｔｒy of Hｅaｌth anｄWｅlfａｒｅ日本卫生福利部NDA NeｗDｒｕg Applicaｔｉon新药申请NEＣNeｗＤrｕg Entｉty 新化学实体ＮIH Natｉoｎal Insｔitutes of Heaｌth国家卫生研究所(美国)PI Principａl Iｎveｓtigator 主要研究者ＰL Pｒodｕct Licｅnｓe 产品许可证PＭA Pre-ｍarkｅt Approvａｌ(Aｐplicａtｉon）上市前许可(申请)ＰSI Sｔａtｉsticiaｎs in the Pharmacｅｕtical Ｉnduｓtry 制药业统计学家协会ＱA QuaｌityＡssｕrance 质量保证ＱＣＱｕalitｙContrｏl 质量控制ＲA Regｕlatoｒy Ａuthｏｒｉties 监督管理部门SA SiteＡｓｓessment 现场评估SAE ＳeｒioｕｓAdｖerｓe Evｅｎt 严重不良事件SAP StatｉｓticaｌAnalｙsisＰlan统计分析计划SAＲSerious AdversｅReactiｏn严重不良反应SD SourcｅＤａta/Dｏｃumｅｎt 原始数据/文件SＤSubjｅct Diary 受试者日记SFDA ＳｔatｅFood ａｎd Ｄrug Adｍinistratiｏn国家食品药品监督管理局SDV Ｓｏurce Data Verｉfｉcation 原始数据核准ＳＥＬSubjｅct EnroｌlmenｔLog 受试者入选表SI Ｓub-inveｓtigator 助理研究者SI Sponｓoｒ-Investｉgａtｏr 申办研究者ＳIC Subｊeｃt Iｄentiｆicatｉon Coｄe 受试者识别代码SOＰStanｄard ＯperaｔiｎｇPrｏceduｒe 标准操作规程ＳPL SｔｕｄｙPerｓｏｎｎｅl Lisｔ研究人员名单SSＬSｕbjｅct Ｓcreeniｎg Lｏg 受试者筛选表T＆R Teｓt aｎd Referｅｎce Pｒoducｔ受试和参比试剂UAE Ｕnexpected AdversｅEｖent 预料外不良事件ＷＨO WorlｄＨeaｌtｈOrganｉzａｔion 世界卫生组织WHＯ—ICDRAＷHO Inｔｅrnational Cｏnｆerence of DruｇＲｅguｌatｏry Aｕtｈorｉtｉes WHO国际药品管理当局会议Actiｖe Ｃｏnｔｒol 阳性对照、活性对照Audiｔ稽查ＡudiｔReport 稽查报告Audiｔoｒ稽查员BlanｋCoｎtｒoｌ空白对照Blｉnding/ｍaskiｎｇ盲法/设盲Cａse Hｉstoｒy 病历Clinｉｃａl study 临床研究Clinicａl Triａl 临床试验Cｌinｉcａl Trｉal Reporｔ临床试验报告Cｏmpliance依从性Coordinaｔing Comｍittｅe协调委员会Cross—over Ｓtｕdy交叉研究Ｄouble Blinｄing 双盲EndpoinｔCｒiteria／meaｓuｒｅmenｔ终点指标ＥssenｔiaｌDｏｃumenｔａｔion 必需文件EｘclusｉoｎCrｉteria 排除标准Inclusion Criｔｅriａ入选表准InfｏrmａtioｎＧathering 信息收集Iｎｉtiａl Meｅtinｇ启动会议Ｉｎspｅcｔion检察/视察InstitutiｏnＩｎsｐection 机构检察ＩｎvestiｇａtionａｌPrｏdｕct试验药物Ｉｎvestigator 研究者Monitor监查员（监察员)Mｏｎｉtoｒiｎg 监查(监察）Ｍoｎiｔｏriｎg Plaｎ监查计划(监察计划）Mｏnitｏrｉng Reporｔ监查报告（监察报告)Mｕlti—cｅｎteｒTrial 多中心试验Ｎon—clinicaｌStｕdy非临床研究Original MeｄicａｌＲeｃoｒd 原始医疗记录Oｕtcome Assｅｓsmenｔ结果评价Paｔient Fiｌｅ病人档案Patiｅnt Hｉstｏry 病历Pｌacebo安慰剂ＰlacebｏＣontrol 安慰剂对照PｒeclｉnｉcaｌStudy 临床前研究Prｏtocｏｌ试验方案ProtocoｌAｍenｄments 修正案Randomization 随机Ｒｅferｅｎce Pｒoducｔ参比制剂Ｓample Size样本量、样本大小Seriouｓness严重性Seｖerity 严重程度Sinｇle Ｂlｉnding 单盲Sponsor 申办者StudｙAｕdｉt 研究稽查Suｂjｅｃt受试者Suｂjｅct Enｒollmｅnt 受试者入选Subjeｃt Enrollment Loｇ受试者入选表Subjｅct Idｅｎtifiｃａtion Code Lｉst 受试者识别代码表Subject Ｒecｒuitmeｎt受试者招募Sｔudy Siｔe 研究中心Sｕbｊect Scrｅening Ｌog 受试者筛选表Ｓystem Audit 系统稽查Tｅst Ｐrｏｄｕｃｔ受试制剂Tｒｉal Initｉal Meetｉng 试验启动会议Tｒiａl Mａster Ｆｉle 试验总档案Trｉal Objｅcｔiｖe 试验目的Triｐle Bｌinding 三盲Ｗash—ｏut 洗脱Ｗash-out Periｏｄ洗脱期。

专业英文缩写

Run in hole (RIH)Pull out of hole (POOH)Nipple up (N/U)Rig up (R/U)Rig down (R/D)Make up (M/U)Pick up (P/U)Back off (B/O)Slack off (S/O)Crossover (X/O)Blowout preventer (BOP)Subsurface safety valve (SSSV)Sliding side door (SSD) = Sliding sleeve Plug back total depth (PBTD)Total vertical depth (TVD)Measured depth (MD)Measurements while drilling (MWD) Logging while drilling (LWD)Seismic while drilling (SWD)Drill collar (DC)Drill pipe (DP)High weight drill pipe (HWDP)Kick off point (KOP)Rotation kelly bushing (RKB)Wear bushing (WB)Casing (CSG)Tubing (TBG)High rate water pack (HRWP)Wire line (W/L)Electrical submersible pump (ESP)Shut-in tree pressure (SITP)Emergency shut down (ESD)Outside diameter (OD)Inside diameter (ID)Expandable sand screen (ESS)Horse power (HP)Thru-tubing inflatable permanent cement retainers (TTIPCR) Make up tool string to end of tubing as follows:Run tool string in the well at a moderate speed not to exceed 100ft/min.Circulate at low rate if possible while running in.Hold this pressure for five minutes.Monitor pump pressure.Observe and record SITP.Drop a setting ball into the tubing and pump down at 4.0bpm.W/L set a 2.75” blanking plug in Y-tool. POOH and R/D.Run comlpetion string (5-1/2”tailp ipe + ESS + EIS + 7”liner + EIS + 7”liner + 7”liner hanger) with 5-1/2”float shoe located at 3129.9m MD.FlushMitigateSensorSidetrackResin coatedImplementRetrieveStraddle assemblyBullheadDisengageDisconnectDepressurize =bleed off pressuretubing 油管christmas tree 采油树packer 封隔器choke 油嘴adjustadle choke 可调油嘴master valve 总闸门choke manifold 试油树,油阻管汇flow line 出油管,输油管separater 分离器burner 燃烧器blower 鼓风机wireline unit 试井绞车lubricator 试井绞车防喷盒sliding side door 滑套循环接头downhole tool 下井工具shifting tool 变位工具needle valve 针形阀flow meter 流量计level meter 液位器landing nipple 联顶短节perforated nipple 带孔短节seal nipple 密封短节no-go nipple 终端短节locator 定位器entry guide 进入导向nuckle joint 铰链接头，快速双联stuffing box 防喷盒，盘根盒chiksan joint 活动弯头hydro-spring tester 液压弹簧测验仪pump-out reversing 反循环接头slip joint sub 伸缩联接shear pin 安全销amerada gage 井底压力计bottom-hole sempler 井底取样器equalzing valve 平衡阀production platfrom 采油平台2.试油的一般词汇collect data 取数据flow test 流量试验flow 放喷flow rate 流量flowing pressure 流动压力well-head pressure 井口压力bottom-hole pressure 井底压力well-head flowing pressure 井口流压bottom-hole flowing pressure 井底流压tubing pressure 油管压力casing pressure 套管压力pressure decline 压力降shut-in 关井shut-in pressure 关井压力pressure gradient 压力梯度reservoir pressure 油层压力hydrostatic pressure 静水压力bottom-hole temperature 井底温度temperature gradient 温度梯度geothermal gradient 地温梯度thermal expansion 热膨胀pour point 流动点static pressure 静压build-up 压力恢复build-up curve 压力恢复曲线GOR gas oil ratio 油气比draw down 压力差draw-down test 稳定排液法fkowing life 自喷期natural flow 自喷inch water 英寸水柱gas gravity 天然气比重olifice plate 测气孔板chart 卡片，卡板calibration 刻度conversion chart 换算图表function 函数，功能scanning 扫描production test 试油injection test 注入试验DST drill stem test 中途测试, 地层测试acidifing 酸化处理kill the well 压井production(daily production) 产量(口产量) oil reservoir 油层gas reservoir 气层condensate 凝析油well cleaning 洗井formation damage 生产层损坏fracture 压裂sand trouble 砂堵swabbing 抽吸bubble 气泡break down 破裂dry hole 干井air bath 气浴associated gas 伴生气flare stack 火舌管carbonic acid gas 二氧化碳spent acid 废酸oil fence 油垣emulsifying agent 乳化剂emulsion breaker 破乳剂water cushion 水垫stripper well 低产井decline of production 产量下降七．废井，拖航1.废井abondoned well 报废井marine cutter 水力割刀releasing spear 套管打捞矛2.拖航towing 拖航main tug boat 主拖轮tow line 拖缆，拖绳marker buoy 指点浮标slowing buoy 抛标location buoy 井位浮标mooring rope 系泊绳，龙须缆location 井位on location 定位anchor winch 锚机mile 英里knot 节，海里heading 航向，船首的方向jack up 升船jack down 降船jacking system 升降系统semisubmersible drilling unit 半潜式钻井船crane 吊车submerged pump 潜水泵desolinator 造水机boiler 锅炉generator 发电机plunger pump 柱塞泵fuel oil tank 燃料缸waist oil tank 污油缸bilge tank 船底水舱hull 船身deck 甲板helicopter port 飞机平台pipe rack 管架leg 桩腿air gap 气隙jeting 冲沉垫pre-load test 压载ebb tide 平潮high tide 涨潮strand 搁浅mat 沉垫mud 浮泥游泥current 海流tide 潮流八.钻井船1.设备，空间drilling barge 钻井船jack-up type drilling unit 自升式钻井船center rack 中间管架pipe yard 管子站starboad 右航the port side 左航living quarter 居住区engine room 机舱office 办公室jack house 升降室control room 控制室hatch 升降口dog house 值班室turbine 涡轮turbine generator 涡轮发电机turbo-jet engine 涡轮喷气式发电机2.工具，器材hammer 锤wrench 扳pincers 钳子wire 钢丝nail 钉子hose 软管line 管线flexible joint 挠性接头shackle 猫卸扣，联接环paint 油漆angle 角钢stainless steel 不锈钢fresh water 淡水drill water 钻井水portable water 饮料水gasoline 汽油diesel oil 柴油lubricating oil 润滑油grease 黄油machine oil 机油aviation fuel 航油antifreefes 不冻液welding electrode 焊条bench clamp 台钳scissors 剪子，剪刀tweezers 镊子adhesive tape 胶布，橡皮膏tape measure 卷尺，皮尺refrigerant 制冷剂3.机械部分parts 零件o-ring 密封圈gasket 密封衬垫packing 衬垫，填密washer 垫圈lockwasher 锁紧垫圈bolt 螺栓nut 螺母pin 销子roll pin 滚销slip ring 滑环retainer 挡环adapter 接头sub 短节rod 杆connector 联接器union 联管节pulley 滑轮，（滑轮）槽gear 齿轮clamp 夹子mandrel 心轴shaft 轴spring 弹簧screw 螺钉screwdriver 螺丝刀，改锥holder 支承support 支架cover 外壳socket 插座spare parts 备件4.人员superviser 监督interpreter 翻译drilling crew 钻井队员drilling foreman 钻井队长tool pusher 钻井技师tour tool pusher 领班driller 司钻asistant driller 副司钻derrick man 井架工floor man 钻台工drilling engineer 钻井工程师drilling technician 钻井技术员mud engineer 泥浆工程师mechanic 机械工，机工roustabout 装卸工，水手welder 电焊工crane operator 吊车工electrician 电工diver 潜水员cook 炊事员doctor 大夫material man 材料员barge engineer 平台工程师radio operator 电报员5.单位M.meter 米Km.kilometer 千米，公里Cm.centimeter 厘米mm millimeter 毫米in inch 英寸ft feet 英尺mile 英里l liter 升，公升kiloliter 千斤ton 吨g gram 克kg kilogram 千克，公斤gal gallon 加仑bbl barrel 桶length 长度area 面积ibs pound 磅volume 体积mesurment 容积weight 重量6.行为hit 打push 推pull.draw 拉tie knot 系上unfasten, loosen 解开take off 拆卸put, lay 放lift, raise 起，举，升get down 下，降brush, polish 擦put in order 整理measure 量，测量throw away 扔掉throw 扔，投cut off 割断，切断welding 电焊spot welding 点焊take place, shift 交替put dope on, grease up 抹油maintenance 保养维修overhaul 大修preservation 安全install, rig up, set 安装take off, rig down 拆卸operate, run 开，操作tearing down, disassemb lying 拆下cleaning 清洗，清扫repair 修理7.现象be broken, be damaged 破坏，出毛病out of order, trouble 故障wear 磨损normal 正常abnormal 异常8.其他spud-in 开钻rig up 安装钻机rig down 拆卸钻机supply boat 供应船loading 装船unloading 卸船helicopter 直升飞机beacon 导航仪V.II.FF 高频电话drop anchor 抛锚pick up anchor. pull anchor 起锚welky talky 对讲机variable load 可变载荷contractor 承包者pallet 货架safety belt 安全带helmet 安全帽flash light 手电筒life boat 救生艇life raft 救生筏life jacket 救生衣draft 吃alarm 警报mooring 系留，系泊sounding gauge 测深管fan duct 通风导管air vent 通气anchor 锚guide rail 导轨handrail 栏杆，扶手by-pass 旁通storm 风暴safety factor 安全系数typhoon 台风stress 应力error 误差sewage 污水suspended well 暂停wild cat 初探井，野猫井exploratory well 详探井appraisal well 详探井contract 合同exploration 勘探sludge 污泥stratigraphic test 基准井stand-by time 等候时间nitrogen 氮dock 船*switch 开关boring 钻孔pollution 污染ballast control 调整压载strain 变形hydraulic 液压radio 无线电weather forecast 气象预报swell 涌drilling report 钻井报表steps 扶梯aboard 靠船rust 锈lathe 车床stand-by boat 值班船panel 面板recorder 记录仪power source 电源九．地质1.岩石，形状sedimentary rocks 沉积岩Igneous rocks 火成岩matamorphic rocks 变质岩sand 砂sandstone 砂岩silt 粉砂siltstone 粉砂岩quartjite 石英岩calcareous sandstone 钙质砂岩tuffaceous sandstone 凝灰质砂岩clay 粘土shale 页岩mudstone 泥岩Dolomite 白云岩Maristone 泥灰岩Coal 煤Evaporites 蒸发盐岩Grpsum 石膏Anhydrite 硬石膏Diorite 闪长岩Gabbro 辉长岩Peridotite 橄榄岩Porphyry 斑岩basalt 玄武岩slat 枚岩marble 大理岩schist 片岩serpentine 蛇纹岩gneiss 片麻岩mica 云母tuffaite 层凝灰岩coquina 贝壳灰岩glauconite 海绿岩hornffels 角页岩biotite 黑云母fine sand 细粒砂medium sand 中粒砂coarse sand 粗粒砂carbonate rock 碳酸盐岩limestone 石灰岩sand limestone 砂质石灰岩halite 盐岩chert 燧石tuff 凝灰岩granite 花岗岩dacite 英安岩rhyplite 流纹岩andesite 安山岩dolerite 粒玄岩hornblende 角闪石green tuff 绿色凝灰岩feldspar 长石orthoclse 正长石agglomerate 集块岩pumise 浮石scoria 火山渣pyrite 黄铁矿magnetite 磁铁矿caloite 方解石zeolite 沸石gyain size 粒度granule 细砾pebble 中砾boulder 巨砾conglomerate 砾石briccia 角砾石hard 硬soft 软compast 细致，致密loose 疏松porous 多孔的angular 有棱角round 圆的lignite 褐煤bentonite 膨润土，膨润岩kaolinite 高岭石kaolin 高岭土carbon disculfide 二硫化碳plate tectonics 板块构造syncline 向斜geanticline 地背斜geosycline 地向斜synclinorium 复向斜anticlinorium 复背斜nose structure 鼻状构造inelined anticline 倾斜背斜recumbent anticline 伏卧背斜overturned anticline 倒转背斜asymmetrical anticline 不对称背斜fracture 断裂active fault 活断层reverse fault 逆断层lateral migration 横向运移vertical migration 垂直运移stratification 层理false beding 假层理beding plane 层理面Stratified 层状的cross beding 交错层cross spread 交叉排列lenticular sand trap 透镜状圈闭permeability trap 渗透状圈闭stratigraphic trap 地层圈闭structural trap 构造圈闭reef trap 礁块圈闭pinch out trap 尖灭圈闭strike 走向epeirogenetic movement 造陆运动orogenic 造山运动cementation 胶结作用diagenesis 成岩作用sedimentary basin 沉积盆地marine deposits 海相沉积structual low 构造凹陷subsurface structural map 地下构造图seismic section 地震剖面图2.地史3.测井解释geologic age 地质年代era 代period 纪epoch 世age 期system 系series 统stage 阶straigraphic succession 地层层序Ar. archaeozoic era 太古代Pt. proterozoic era 元古代Pz. paleozoic era 古生代∈. cambrian period 寒武纪O. ordovician period 奥陶纪S. silurian period 志留纪D. devonian period 泥盆纪C. carboniferous period 石炭纪P. permian period 二叠纪Mz. Mesozoic era 中生代T. triassic period 三叠纪J. jorassic period 侏罗纪K. cretaceous period 白垩纪Kz. Cenozoic era 新生代E. paleogene period 早第三纪N. neogene period 晚第三纪R. trtiary period 第三纪Q. quaternary period 第四纪log interpretation 测井解释compacted sand 压实的砂岩soft formation 软地层tight formation 致密的地层interval 井段permable formation 渗透层rock matrix 岩石骨架formation water resistivity 地层水电阻率trur formation resistivity 地层电阻率salinity of formation water 地层水的矿化度porosity 孔隙度gross porosity 总孔隙度fracture porosity 裂缝孔隙度secondary porosity 次生孔隙度effective porosity 有效孔隙度water saturation 含水饱和度residual oil saturation 残余油饱和度moveable hydrocarbon 可动油气residual hydrocarbon 残余油气boffom hole teamperature 井底温度logarithmic scale 对数比例尺hybrid scale 混合比例尺hybrid linear- 线性—指数混合exponential scale 比例尺movable oil curve 可动油曲线resitivity-porpsity 电阻率—孔隙度交绘crossplotting 图法litho-porosity crossplot 岩性—孔隙度交绘图epilog 最终成果测井解释图4.其它reservoir 储油层source rock 生油层source bed 生油层trap 油捕，圈闭cap rock 盖层gas cap 气顶basement rocks 基岩closure 闭合构造fold 褶皱domal structure 圆顶，穹隆fault 断层fault trap 断层圈闭antiline 背斜，背斜构造antiline strata 背斜层unconformity 不整合uplift 隆起ancient life 古生物pollen 花粉fossil 化石crystallization 结晶weathering 风化作用resistivity 电阻率permenbility 渗透率water-bearing bed 含水层pore 孔隙porosity 孔隙率continental 大陆架geochemistry 地球化学ground water 地下水chlorine 氯。

外贸术语大全中英文缩写

外贸术语大全中英文缩写
1. FOB，Free On Board 的缩写，哎呀，就像你把货物交到船上，责任就转移啦！比如说，“这批货我们报的是 FOB 价格哦！”
2. CIF，Cost Insurance and Freight 的缩写，嘿，这可包含了成本、保险和运费呢！像“这次交易我们走 CIF 啦！”
3. CFR，Cost and Freight 的缩写，哇塞，就是成本加运费呀！“我们按 CFR 条款来操作这次订单！”
4. EXW，Ex Works 的缩写，这不就是工厂交货嘛！“我们只负责EXW 哦，后面的就看你们啦！”
5. L/C，Letter of Credit 的缩写，哈哈，信用证可重要啦！“对方开了个 L/C 来保证付款呢！”
6. T/T，Telegraphic Transfer 的缩写，嘿呀，电汇呀！“他们通过T/T 给我们打款啦！”
7. B/L，Bill of Lading 的缩写，哇哦，提单可是很关键的单证呢！“赶紧把 B/L 准备好呀！”
8. D/P，Documents against Payment 的缩写，嘿嘿，付款交单呢！“这次我们要求做 D/P 结算哦！”
9. D/A，Documents against Acceptance 的缩写，哟呵，承兑交单呀！“这次对方同意 D/A 啦！”
10. MOQ，Minimum Order Quantity 的缩写，哈哈，最小起订量呀！“这个产品的 MOQ 可不能太低哦！”
我的观点结论就是：这些外贸术语缩写真的超实用，掌握了它们，在外贸领域就能更加得心应手啦！。

酒店前台专业术语常见缩写及解释

酒店前台专业术语常见缩写1)RM= room 房间2)D/O=due out 预退/预离3)P/B=Pay by 由…付费4)P/F=Pay for 为…付费5)G/F=guarantee for 为…担保6)G/B= guarantee by 由..担保7)O/S=outside guest 非住店客人8)S/O=sleep out 外宿9)ID=identification card 身份证10)TA=Travel Agent 导游/旅行社11)CC=Credit Card 信用卡12)CA=Cash 现金13)AUTH=Authorization 预授权14)DEP=Deposit 押金15)DNC=Do not change 勿改16)WI=Walk in 散客17)FIT=frequent individual traveler 散客18)GTD=Guaranteed 担保19)CXL=cancel 取消20)POA=pay own account 自付21)PTY=party 团队22)GRP=group 团队23)L/O=late check out 延迟退房24)EXT=extend 续住25)HDC=half day of charge 半天房费26)FDC=full day of charge 全天房费27)FOC=Free of charge 免费28)RR/RT=room rate /room charge 房费29)UPG=upgrade 升级30)UPS=up sell 增值销售31)COMP=complimentary 免费32)HSE=house use 自用33)ETA=expected time of arrival 预抵日期34)ETD=expected time of departure 预离日期35)RC= registration card 入住登记单36)RSVN=reservation 预订37)BBF=breakfast 早餐38)CBF=child breakfast 儿童早餐39)DND=do notdisturb 请勿打扰40)DNM=do not move 勿动41)pkg=package 套餐/包价42)pax=people 人员43)N/A=no answer 无应答44)NB=no baggage 无行李45)N/S=no show 未到预订46)OT=overtime 加班47)PA=Public area48)PSB=public security bureau 公安局49)P/u=pick up 接机50)RO=reservation order 订单酒店前台常用术语解释1)Advance Deposit1.预付定金是指旅客在酒店定房时，酒店为确保经济效益（尤其在旺季）向客人收取的一笔定金。

专业英文简写、缩写汇总

A°absolute temperature绝对温度AAamino acid氨基酸AAmerican Association of Anatomists美国解剖学家协会AAgricultural Adjustment Administration (U.S.A.)农业调整管理局[美]AAAamino acid analyzer氨基酸分析仪AAAamino acid availability氨基酸利用率AAmerican Angus Association美国安格斯牛协会AAapparent available amino acid表观可利用氨基酸AAASAmerican Association for the Advancement of Science美国科学促进协会AABAmerican Association of Bioanalysts美国生物分析学家协会AABAssociation of Applied Biologists应用生物学家协会[英]AABGAAmerican Association of Botanical Gardens and Arboretums美国植物园与树木园协会AABPAmerican Association of Bovine Practioners美国牛医师协会AACCAmerican Association of Cereal Chemists美国谷物化学师协会AACCAsociacion Argentina de Criadores de Caprinos阿根廷山羊饲养员协会AACCAsociacion Argentina de Criadores de Cebu阿根廷瘤牛饲养员协会AAEAAmerican Agricultural Economics Association美国农业经济学协会AAEAAmerican Agricultural Editors Association美国农业编辑协会AAEEAmerican Association of Economic Entomologists美国昆虫学家协会AAFCOAssociation of American Feed Control Officials美国饲料监督官协会AAFEAmerican Association of Feed Exporters美国饲料出口商协会AAGBAAmerican Angora Goat Breeder's Association美国安哥拉山羊育种者协会AAIEAssociation of Applied Insect Ecologists应用昆虫生态学家协会AALASAmerican Association for Laboratory Animal Science美国实验动物学协会AAMAmerican Association of Microbiology美国微生物学会AAPAAsociacion Argentina de Produccion Animal阿根廷畜产协会AAPCCAmerican Association of Poison Control Centres美国毒物控制中心协会AAPCOAssociation of American Pesticide Control Officials美国农药控制官员协会AARMAmerican Association of Range Management美国牧场管理协会AASAmerican Academy of Sciences美国科学院AASBTAmerican Association of Sugar Beet Technologists美国甜菜技师协会AASCOAssociation of American Seed Control Officials美国种子检验员协会AASEAssociation for Applied Solar Energy(U.S.A.)应用太阳能协会[美]AASPAmerican Association of Swine Practioners美国猪医师协会AASWAmerican Association of Scientific Workers美国科学工作者协会AAUPAmerican Association of University Professors美国大学教授联盟AAVMCAssociation of American Veterinary Medical Colleges美国兽医学院协会AAVNAmerican Association of Veterinary Nutritionists美国兽医营养学家协会AAZPAAmerican Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums美国动物园水族馆协会ABair blast鼓风ABartificial breeding人工配种ABAAlexandra business association (of Egypt)(埃及)亚历山大商业协会ABAAmerican Bantam Association美国小型鸡协会ABAAmerican Beefalo Association美国皮弗洛牛协会ABAAmerican Buffalo Association美国水牛协会ABAabscisic acid脱离(落)酸ABBAAmerican Brahman Breeders Association美国婆罗门牛育种者协会ABCAgricultural Bank of China中国农业银行ABCair blast cooled气流冷却的ABFAmerican Beekeeping Federation美国养蜂联合会ABHRAmerican Bay Horse Registry美国栗色马良种登记ABLCAmerican Brown Leghorn Club美国褐色来航鸡协作组ABMAAAmerican Black Maine-Anjou Association美国黑曼安茹牛协会ABOCFAssociation of British Organic and Compound Fertilizers英国有机与复合肥料协会ABPEacute bovine pulmonary emphysema牛急性肺气肿ABROAnimal Breeding Research Organization(英国)家畜育种研究组织ABSAmerican Breeders Service美国良种服务社ABZAssociation of British Zoologists英国动物学家协会ACacre英亩ACavailable carbohydrate可利用碳水化合物ACAAmerican Corriedale Association美国考力代羊协会ACAAmerican Cattle Association美国养牛协会ACAAmerican Chianina Association美国契安尼那牛协会ACBAssociation of Clinical Biochemists临床生物化学家协会[英]ACBAAmerican Cavy Breeders Association美国豚鼠育种者协会ACBRCTAAssociation for Cooperation in Bana Research in the Caribbean and Tropical America加勒比海与热带美洲香蕉研究合作协会ACCAAmerican Cotton Cooperative Association美国棉花合作协会ACDIAgricultural Cooperative Development International国际农业合作开发处ACEalcohol-chloroform-ether mixture乙醇-氯仿-醚混合物ACGFAustralian Citrus Growing Federation澳大利亚柑橘种植联合会ACGRCAmerican Checkered Giant Rabbit Club美国间格纹大型(毛皮用)兔协作组ACIWLPAmerican Committee for International Wild Life Protection美国国际野生动物保护委员会ACLAMAmerican College of Laboratory Animal Medicine美国实验动物医学学会ACPacyl carrier protein酰载体蛋白ACPRAmerican Crossbred Pony Registry美国杂种小型马良种登记ACRAAmerican Cotswold Record Association美国考兹伍德羊良种记录协会ACSAustrian Chemical Society奥地利化学学会ACSIROAustralian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(英联邦)澳大利亚联邦科学及工业研究组织ACSSAmerican Cheviot Sheep Society美国雪维特羊学会ACTAgricultural Central Trading (U.K.)农业发展委员会ACTHadrenocorticotrophic hormone促肾上腺皮质素ACWFAll China Women's Federation中华全国妇女联合会A.D.average deviation平均偏差ADapparent digestibility表观消化率ADAAmerican Dairy Association美国乳业协会ADAAmerican Dietic Association美国食物学会ADAAapparent digestive amino acid表观可消化氨基酸ADBAsian Development Bank亚洲开发银行ADBCAgricultural Development Bank of China中国农业发展银行ADCAgricultural Development Council农业发展委员会[美]ADCAAmerican Dexter Cattle Association美国德克斯特牛协会ADCSAfrican Demonstration Centre on Sampling Agricultural Surveys (FAO)(联合国粮农组织)非洲典型农业抽样调查示范中心ADEapparent digestible energy表观可消化能ADEAssociation for Development of Enterprises企业发展协会ADEZAssociation pour le Developpement des Etudes Zootechniques动物饲养技术研究发展协会ADFAlbanian Development Fund阿尔巴尼亚发展基金ADFacid detergent fiber酸性洗涤纤维ADFAAustralian Dried Fruit Association澳大利亚干果协会ADGaverage daily gain平均日增重ADGAAmerican Dairy Goat Association美国乳山羊协会ADIacceptable daily intake日允许摄取量ADLacceptable defect level容许缺陷标准ADMRAAmerican and Delaine-Merino Record Association美国细毛美利奴羊良种记录协会ADMSAmerican Donkey and Mule Society美国驴骡协会ADPadenosine diphosphate二磷酸腺苷ADPAnnual Development Programme(of Bangladesh)(孟加拉)年度发展计划ADPGadenosine diphosphate glucose二磷酸腺苷葡萄糖ADPIAmerican Dairy Products Institute美国乳品协会ADRAAnimal Disease Research Association (U.K.)动物疾病研究协会[英]ADSAAmerican Dairy Science Association美国奶(牛)业协会a.e.acid equivalent酸当量(农药)AEabsolute error绝对误差AEagricultural engineer农业工程师AEBAmerican Egg Board美国鸡蛋委员会AERIAgricultural Economics Research Institution (British)农业经济学研究学会[英]AESAgricultural Economics Society(china)中国农业经济学会AESagricultural experiment station农业试验站AESAmerican Entomological Society美国昆虫学会AESAgricultural Engineering Society (Australia)农业工程学会[澳]AFAAmerican Forestry Association美国林业协会AFCArea Forecast Centre区域(气象)预报中心[美]AfDBAfrican Development Bank非洲开发银行AFEAAmerican Farm Economic Association美国农场研究协会AFGCAmerican Forage and Grassland Council美国饲草和草地协会AFSAcademy of Forestry Sciences (China)中国林业科学院AFSAmerican Fisheries Society美国渔业学会AGCAmerican Grassland Council美国草原理事会AGRISInternational Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology (GAO)国际农业科学技术情报系统(联合国粮农组织)AHCAmerican Horse Council美国马委员会AHCAmerican Horticultural Council美国园艺理事会AHDMAAnimal Health Division of Ministry of Agriculture农业部兽医卫生处[英]AHHSAmerican Hackney Horse Society美国海克尼挽马学会AHIAnimal Health Institute家畜保健研究所AHIAmerican Honey Institute美国草原理事会AHITIAnimal Health and Industry Traing Institute家畜保健与工业培训学会[肯尼亚]AHRAArabian Horse Registry of American美国阿拉伯马良种登记AHRSThe ad Hoc ResearchScheme (India)(印度)临时研究计划AHSAgricultural History Society (U.S.A.)农业史学会[美]AHSAmerican Horticultural Society美国园艺学会AHSAAmerican Hampshire Sheep Association美国汉普夏羊协会AHTAnimal Health Trust家畜保健托拉斯[英]AHYAnimal Health Yearbook家畜卫生年鉴a.i.active ingredient有效成分AIartificial insemination人工授精AⅠanaphase I第一次减数分裂后期AIASAustralian Institute of Agricultural Science澳大利亚农业科学研究所AIBSAmerican Institute of Biological Sciences美国生物学研究所AICAgricultural Institute of Canada加拿大农业研究所AICAAmerican-International Charolais Association美国国际夏洛来牛协会AICCAssociation International de Chimic Cerealiers国际谷物化学协会AICEAgriculture Institute of Crop Ecology美国作物生态学会AIDAgency for International Development国际开发署[美]AIDPAAssociation Internationale de la Distrbution des Produits Alimentaires国际食品供应协会AIFRBAmerican Institute lf Fishery Research Biologists美国渔业研究生物学家学会AIHRAmerican Indian Horse Registry美国印第安马良种登记AIIAAAssociation des Ingenieurs des Industries Agricoles et Alimentaires农业与食品工业工程师协会[法]AINAmerican Institute of Nutrition美国营养学会AIRIAnimal Industry Research Institute (Australia)畜产品加工业研究所[澳]AISAustralian Illawarra Shorthorn澳洲依拉华拉短角牛,澳洲短角牛AISFAssociazione Italiana Sviluppo Foraggere意大利饲料开发协会AIVPAAssociation Internationale Veterinaire de Production Animale国际畜产兽医协会AJAAmerican Journal of Anatomy美国解剖学报AJARAustralian Journal of Agricultural Research澳大利亚农业研究学报AJBSAustralian Journal of Biological Science澳大利亚生物科学杂志AJCCAmerican Jersey Cattle Club美国娟姗牛协作组AJDTAustralian Journal of Dairy Technology澳大利亚乳品工艺杂志AJEAAHAustralian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry澳大利亚实验农业和畜牧业杂志AJSAmerican Journal of Science美国科学杂志AJSAAmerican Junior Shorthorn Association美国小短角牛协会AJSAAmerican Junior Simmental Association美国小西门塔尔牛协会AJVRAmerican Journal of Veterinary Research美国兽医研究学报AKRSPAga Khan Rural Support Programme 阿迦评农村支持项目ALAAmerican Landrace Association美国兰德瑞斯猪协会Ala.alanine丙氨酸ALPAAsociacion Latinoamericana de Produccion Animal拉丁美洲畜产品协会ALRCANTI-Locust Research Centre (U.K.)蝗虫防治研究中心[英]ALVAvailable lysine value可利用赖氨酸值A&Magricultural and mechanical农业与机械的AMAAmerican Management Association美国企业管理协会AMAAmerican Marketing Association美国产品销售协会,美国运销协会AMAAgricultural Marketing Administration农产品销售管理局[美]AMAAmerican Mustang Association美国牧区马协会AMAAAmerican Maine-Anjou Association美国曼安茹牛协会AMASAssociation Mondiale d'Aviculture Scientifique世界科学养禽协会AMDECAgricultural Marketing Development Executive Committee (U.K.)农产品销售发展执行委员会[英]AMEapparent metabolism energy表观代谢能AMGAAmerican Murray Grey Association美国墨累灰牛协会AMHAAmerican Morab Horse Association美国摩拉伯马协会AMIAmerican Meat Institute美国肉品研究所AMIFAmerican Meat Institute Foundation美国肉品研究基金AMPAdenosine monophosphate一磷酸腺苷AMPAAsociancion Mexicana de Produccion Animal墨西哥畜产协会AMSAgricultural Marketing Service (U.S.A.)农产品销售局[美]AMSAgricultural Machinery Society (China)中国农机学会AMSAmerican Meteorological Society美国气象学会AMSAAmerican Meat Science Association美国肉品学协会AMSSAmerican Milking Shorthorn Society美国短角奶牛学会AMTDAAgricultural Machinery and Tractor Dealers' Association (U.K.)农业机械与拖拉机商协会[英]AMZAssociation Mondiale de Zootechnie世界家畜饲养协会AMZAustralian Milking Zebu澳大利亚乳用瘤牛ANCAAmerican National Cattlemen's Association美国养牛协会ANRCAnimal Nutrition Research Council (U.S.A.)动物营养研究委员会[美]ANSIAmerican National Standards Institute美国国家标准协会ANTAssessment of New Techniques新技术评价[英]ANTU alpha-naphthylthiourea安妥(杀鼠剂)AOACAssociation of Official Agricultural Chemists官方农业化学家协会[美]AOCSAmerican Oil Chemists Society美国油脂化学家协会AOMactive oxygen method(油脂)活性氮测定法AOMPAustralian Objective Measurement Project澳大利亚(销售羊毛)客观测定方案AOQaverage outgoing quality平均抽检质量a.p.analytic pure分析纯(试剂)APacid proof耐酸的APavailable phosphorus有效磷APAantipernicious anemia factor抗恶性贫血因子,维生素B12APAWaerobically processed animal waste有氧处理厩肥APBFAccredited Poultry Breeders Federation[U.K.]合格家禽饲养员联合会[英]APCautomatic phase control自动相位调整APFanimal protein factor动物蛋白因子APFAssociation of Pacific Fisheries (U.S.A.)太平洋渔业协会[美]APHanterior pituitary hormone垂体前叶激素APHAAmerican Paint Horse Association美国花毛马协会APHAAmerican Polled Hereford Association美国无角海福特牛协会APHAAmerican Public Health Association美国公共卫生协会APHCAAnimal Production and Health Commission for Asia亚洲畜牧生产与保健委员会APHFAmerican Poultry and Hatchery Federation美国禽场与孵化场联合会APHISAnimal, Plant and Health Inspection Service动植物卫生检验处APHSAmerican Poultry Historical Society美国家禽史学会APIAArkansas Poultry Improvement Association阿肯色州家禽改良协会APPRCAmerican Partridge Plymouth Rock Club美国鹧鸪普利茅斯洛克鸡协作组APPROXapproximate近似,约计APSAmerican Phytopathological Society美国植物病理学会APSAmerican Pomological Society美国果树学会AQLAcceptable Quality Level合格品质量水平,质量合格标准ARAdvanced Registry(乳牛)高级注册ARanalytical reagent分析试剂ARatrophic rhinitis(猪)萎缩性鼻炎ARAAmerican Remount Association美国候补军马协会ARBAAmerican Rabbit Breeders' Association美国家兔育种者协会ARBAAmerican Romney Breeders' Association美国罗姆尼羊育种者协会ARCAmerican Render Council美国油脂协会ARCAgricultural Research Council农业研究理事会[英]ARCAssociated Research Center联合研究中心ARCRLAgricultural Research Council Radiobiological Laboratory (U.K.)农业研究理事会放射生物实验室[英]ARCURPBAgricultural Research Council Unit of Reproductive Physiology and Biochemistry(英国剑桥)农业研究理事会生殖生理与生物化学研究室ARFAgricultural Research Fund (Kenya)肯尼亚农业研究基金Argargine精氨酸ARIAgricultural Research Institute农业科学研究所ARIABAgricultural Research Institute and Agricultural Board (U.S.A.)农业研究所与农业局[美国]ARPassimilation regulating protein调节同化的蛋白ARSBAAmerican Rambouillet Sheep Breeders Association美国兰布列羊育种者协会ARSUSDAAgricultural Research Service of United States Department of Agriculture美国农业部农业研究院ASAcademy of Science科学院ASAmerican Standard美国标准ASAAmerican Shorthorn Association美国短角牛协会ASAAmerican Soybean Association美国大豆协会ASAAmerican Standards Association美国标准协会ASAAmerican Simmental Association美国西门塔尔牛协会ASAAmerican Society of Agronomy美国农学会ASA;ASYAAmerican Stockyards Association美国牲畜场协会ASABAssociation for the Study of Animal Behaviour (U.K.)动物习性研究协会[英]ASAEAmerican Society of Agricultural Engineers美国农业工程师协会ASAPAmerican Society of Animal Production美国畜产学会ASAmerican Society of Agricultural Sciences美国农业科学协会ASBAmerican Society of Biochemists美国生物化学家协会ASBAssociation of Southeastern Biologists东南地区生物学家协会[美]ASBAAmerican Shorthorn Breeder's Association美国短角牛育种协会ASBAAmerican Standardbred Breeders' Association美国纯种马育种者协会ASBCAmerican Society of Biological Chemists美国生物化学家学会ASCRAAmerican Standard Chinchilla Rabbit Association美国标准青紫兰兔协会ASDARAssociation pour la Selection et le Developpement des Animaux de Race 种畜选育协会ASFAfrican Swine Fever非洲猪瘟ASGROWAssociated Seed Growers, Inc.( U.S.A.)种子繁殖者联合公司[美]ASHAAmerican Shire Horse Association美国夏尔重挽马协会ASHAAmerican Suffolk Horse Association美国萨福克马协会ASHBAAmerican Saddle Horse Breeders' Association美国骑乘马育种者协会ASHBAAmerican Scotch Highland Breeders' Association美国苏格兰高原牛育种者协会ASHSAmerican Society for Horticultural Science美国园艺学会ASIAmerican Soybean Institute美国大豆研究所ASMAmerican Society for Microbiology美国微生物学学会ASMAmerican Society of Mammalogists美国哺乳动物学家学会ASPAmerican Standard of Perfection美国家禽品种标准Asp.aspartic acid天门冬氨酸ASPCAmerican Sheep Producers Council美国绵羊生产者委员会ASPCAAmerican Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals美国防虐待动物协会ASPPAmerican Society of Plant Physiologists美国植物生理学家协会ASRAAmerican Shropshire Registry Association美国雪洛伯夏羊注册协会ASREAmerican Society of Refrigerating Engineers美国制冷工程师学会ASSAgricultural Support Subsidies支农补助金[英]ASSOPOMACAssociation of Common Market Potato Breeders (Germany)共同市场马铃薯育种者协会[德国]ASSSAmerican Suffolk Sheep Society美国萨福克羊协会ASTMAmerican Society for Testing and Materials美国试验和材料学会ASYAAmerican Stockyards Association美国牲畜场协会ASZAmerican Society of Zoologists美国动物学家学会ATAAmerica Tree Association美国树木协会ATBAgricultural Traing Board (U.K.)农业培训局[英]ATCCAmerican Type Culture Collection美国标准菌库ATFAAmerican Turpentine Farmers Association美国脂农协会ATPadenosine triphosphate三磷酸腺苷ATPaseadenosine triphosphatase三磷酸腺甙酶ATTF/ASARECAAgricultural Technology Transfer Fund of Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in East and Central Africa加强中非和东非农业研究协会农业技术转让基金AUManimal-unit-month月畜单位AusAIDAustralian Assistance for International Development澳大利亚国际开发署AVacid value酸价,酸值AVAAustralian Veterinary Association澳大利亚兽医协会AVCAssociation of Vitamin Chemists美国维生素化学工作者协会AVHAAssociation Veterinaire d Hygiene Alimentaire兽医食品卫生协会[法]AVMAAmerican Veterinary Medical Association美国兽医协会AVTRWAssociation of Veterinary Teachers and Re-search Workers (U.K.)兽医教师与研究工作者协会[英]AWactual weight实际重量AWwater activity水分活度AWAAmerican Waterfowl Association美国水禽协会AWBAgricultural Wages Board (U.K.)农业工资局[英]AWBAustralian Wool Board澳大利亚羊毛局AWCAustralian Wool Corporation澳大利亚羊毛公司AWCAmerican Wool Council美国羊毛委员会AWFAmerican Wildlife Foundation美国野生动物基金会AWPAAmerican Walking Pony Association美国小型走马协会AWPAAmerican Wood-Preservers' Association美国护林人员协会AWTAAustralian Wool Testing Authority澳大利亚羊毛检验局AWWAAmerican Water Works Association美国给水工程学会AWWMAssociation of Wholesale Woollen Merchants Ltd.(U.K.)羊毛批发商有限公司[英]AYCAmerican Yorkshire Club美国约克夏猪协作组BAABritish Agrochemicals Association英国农用化学品协会BAACBank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperation (Thailand)(泰国农业和农业合作银行)BAAPBritish Association of Animal Production英国畜产品协会BACABritish Agricultural Contractors' Association英国农业承包商协会BACAHBritish Association of Consultants in Agriculture andHorticulture英国与园艺顾问协会BACEBureau of Agricultural Chemistry and Engineering (U.S.A.)农业化学与工程局[美]BAEBureau of Agricultural Economics农业经济局[澳]BAEBureau of Agricultural Economics[U.S.A.]农业经济局[美]BAEBureau of Agricultural Engineering[U.S.A.]农业工程局[美]BAGMABritish Agricultural & Garden Machinery Association英国农业与园艺机械协会BAGSFAMBritish Association of Grain, Seed, Feed and Agricultural Merchants英国谷物、种子、饲料与农产品商人协会BAHSBritish Agricultural History Society英国农业史学会BAIBureau of Animal Industry (U.S.A.)畜产工业局[美]BAICBureau of Agricultural and Industrial Chemistry (U.S.A)农业与工业化学局[美]BAPPBritish Association of Pig Producers英国养猪商协会BASBritish Association of Standard英国标准协会BASCBiological Abstracts Subject in Context生物学主题索引,生物学关键词索引BATCBritish-American Tobacco Company英[[#A12E]]美烟草公司BAWRABritish Australian Wool Realization Association英国澳大利亚羊毛交易协会BBABritish BeeKeepers' Association英国养蜂者协会BBABritish Bloodstock Association英国纯种家畜协会BBBABritish Bird Breeders' Association英国禽鸟育种者协会BBCFBritish Bacon Curers' Federation英国腌肉加工商联合会BBKCBritish Bee-Keeping Center英国养蜂中心BBSBritish Biophysical Society英国生物物理学会BCABritish Chicken Association英国小鸡协会BCAICBritish Columbia Artificial Insemination Center不列颠哥伦比亚人工授精中心[加]BCBritish Cattle Breeders' Club英国牛育种者协作组BCCPbiotin carboxyl carrier protein生物素羟基载体蛋白BCFGBritish Columbia Fruit Growers'不列颠哥伦比亚水果种植者协会[加]BCFSBritish Columbia Forestry Society不列颠哥伦比亚林业学会[加]BCGBacillus Calmett-Guerin卡介苗BCGABritish Cotton Growing Association美国棉花种植协会BCIABeef Cattle Improvement Association肉牛改良协会[美]BCPCBritish Crop Protection Council英国作物保护委员会BCTbrucellosis card test布氏杆菌纸版(凝集)试验BDAABio-dynamic Agricultural Association生物动力学农业协会BDCBusiness Development Center商业发展中心BDFABritish Dairy Farmers' Association英国乳牛场主协会BDHCABelgian Draft Horse Corporation of America美国比利时重挽马公司BDIBureau of Dairy Industry乳业局[美]BDMABritish Disinfectant Manufacturers' Association英国消毒剂制造商协会BEGEBIBureau d'Etudes et de Gestion des Elevages Bovins Intensifs集约养牛研究管理局[法]BEMBBritish Egg Marketing Board英国禽蛋销售委员会BEPQBureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine (U.S.A.)昆虫学与植物检疫局[美]BESBiological Engineering Society生物工程学会BFABritish Fellmongers' Association英国皮毛商协会BFCIThe Bast Fiber Crops Institute (China)麻类研究所[中国]BFCSBritish Friesian Cattle Society英国黑白花牛学会BFMABritish Farm Mechanization Association英国农场机械化协会BFMIRABritish Food Manufacturing Industries Research Association英国食品工业研究协会BFPCBritish Farm Produce Council英国农场生产委员会BFTABritish Fur Trade Alliance英国毛皮贸易同盟BGFBana Growers Forestry (China)香蕉种植者联合会[澳]BGSBritish Goat Society英国山羊学会BGSBritish Grassland Society英国牧场学会BHABritish Horse Association英国马协会BHAbutylated hydroxyanisole丁基羟基茴香醚bhpbrake horse power制动马力BHSBritish Horse Society英国马协会BHTbutylated hydroxytolune2,6-二丁基羟基甲苯,丁基对甲酚BIFBeef Improvement Federation肉牛改良联合会[美]BIFBeijing Institute of Forestry (China)北京林学院[中]BIOSISBiosciences Information Service of Biological Abstracts生物学文摘生物科学情报服务局[美]BLbasic line基线BLMBureau of Land Management土地管理局BMbasic metabolism基础代谢率bmepbrake mean effective pressure制动有效平均压力BMESBiomedical Engineering Society生物医学工程学会[美]BMSBritish Mycological Society英国真菌学会BMSGMABritish Maize Starch and Glucose Manufacturers Association英国玉米淀粉与葡萄糖制造商协会BMVFBundesmarktverband fur Vieh und Fleisch联邦家畜和肉类市场联合会[德]BNISTBureau National des Informations Scientifiques et Techniques国家科学技术情报局[法]B.O.D.biochemical oxygen demand生物需氧量BPBritish Pharmacopoeia英国药典BPBHABritish Poultry Breeders and Hatcheries Association英国家禽饲养与孵化商协会BPCABritish Pest Control Association英国虫害控制协会BPFBritish Poultry Federation英国家禽联合会BPHSBritish Percheron Horse Society英国泼雪龙重挽马学会BRABeef Recording Association(英)肉牛(生产性能)BRACBangladesh Rural Advancement Committee孟加拉国农村促进委员会BRCBritish Rabbit Council英国家兔委员会BRDbovine respirator disease牛呼吸道病BRIBiological Research Institute生物研究所[美]BRMbiological response modifier生物反应调节剂BSBiological Society生物学学会[美]BSBritish standard英国标准BSAbovine serum albumin牛血清白蛋白BSAbody surface area体表面积BSABotanical Society of America美国植物学会BSALSBritish Society for Agricultural Labor Science英国农业劳动科学学会BSBCBritish Social Biology Council英国社会生物学委员会BSCBiological Stain Commission生物染色委员会[美]BSCBABrown Swiss Cattle Breeders' Association瑞士褐牛育种者协会BSCPBiological Sciences Communication Project生物学交流计划[美]BSEbovine spongiform encephalopathy牛海绵状脑病,疯牛病BSFVbovine shipping fever virus 牛运输热病毒BSIBritish Standard Institute英国工业协会BSRAEBritish Society for Research in Agricultural Engineering英国农业工程研究学会BSSBritish Sheep Society英国绵羊学会BSSBritish Standard Specification英国标准规范BSSSBritish Society of Soil Science英国土壤学会BSTblood serological test血清学试验BSTbovine somatotrophin牛生长激素BTGCABurley Tobacco Growers Cooperative Association伯利烟草种植者合作协会[美]BTUBritish thermal unit英国热量单位BTVBoynton's tissue vaccine彭登组织(猪瘟)疫苗BVbiological value(蛋白质)生物价值BVABritish Veterinary Association英国兽医协会BVCBritish Veterinary Codex英国兽医药典BVDbovine virus diarrhea牛病毒性腹泻,牛黏膜综合征BVPbiological value of protein蛋白质生物学价值bwbody weight体重BWABritish Waterfowl Association英国水禽协会BWCBritish Wool Commission英国羊毛委员会BWCCBritish Weed Control Council英国杂草控制委员会BWDbacillary white diarrhea(雏鸡)白痢BWFBritish Wool Federation英国羊毛联合会BWMBBritish Wool Marketing Board英国羊毛销售委员会CAASChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences中国农业科学院CABCommonwealth Agricultural Bureau(原)联邦农业局[英]CABICenter for Agricultural Biology, International国际农业与生物中心CaBPcalcium binding protein钙结合蛋白质CACCodex Alimenterius Commission食品标准委员会[国际]CACRCouncil for Agricultural and Chemurgic Research (U.S.A.)农业与农业化学研究理事会[美]CAFSChinese Academy of Forestry Science中国林业科学院CAIconfused artificial insemination错乱人工授精CAMCrassulacean Acid Metabolism景天植物代谢酸Can. Dept. Agr.Canadian Department of Agriculture加拿大农业部CAOPTCouncil of American Official Poultry Tests美国家禽政府测定委员会CAPcatabolite activator protein降解物激活蛋白,分解代谢产物激活蛋白CAP6-chloro-6-17-acetoxy-progesterone氯地孕酮CAPCommittee on Agricultural Policies (of ECE)农业政策委员会(欧洲经济委员会)CASthe Chinese Academy of Sciences中国科学院CASCCCanadian Agricultural Services Coordinating Committee加拿大农业服务协调委员会CASSChinese Academy of Social Science中国社会科学院CBAECommonwealth Bureau of Agricultural Economics联邦农业经济局[英]CBDSTCommonwealth Bureau of Dairy Science and Technology (U.K.)联邦乳酪科学与技术局[英]CBPFCCommonwealth Bureau of Pastures and Field Crops (U.K.)联邦牧草与大田作物局[英]CCACanadian Cooperative Association加拿大合作协会CCACCanadian Council on Animal Care加拿大动物饲养协会CCAHCCentral Council for Agricultural and Horticultural Co-operation (U.K.)中央农业与园艺合作理事会[英]CCFACodex Committee on Food Additive食品添加剂标准委员会CCFHCodex Committee on Food Hygiene国际食品卫生标准委员会CCK contagious conjunctivokeratis传染性结膜角膜炎ccmcubic centimeter立方厘米CCNcere-cortical necrosis大脑皮质坏死CCWcounter-clockwise反时针方向的C.D.cow day(牛)放牧日CD critical density临界密度CDACanadian Department of Agriculture加拿大农业部CDCCommonwealth Development Corporation联邦发展合作CDcaesarean-derived colostrum-deprived剖宫产禁食初乳的CDFCommonwealth Development Framework联邦发展框架CDPcytidine diphophate胞苷二磷酸CECCommittee for Environmental Conservation环境保护委员会CFCommittee of Fisheries [FAO]渔业委员会[联合国粮农组织]CFcrude fider粗纤维CFACanadian Federation of Agriculture加拿大农业联合会CFACanadian Forestry Association加拿大林业协会CFACommonwealth Forestry Association (U.K.)联邦林业协会[英]CFIAChina Feed Industry Association中国饲料工业协会CFMSCommercial Farm Management Service农业管理服务组织CFScondensed fish solubles浓缩鱼汁CFTACanadian Food Technologists' Association加拿大食品工艺师协会CFTRICentral Food Technological Research Institute(印度)中央食品工艺研究所CGICredit Guarantee Institution信贷担保机构C.G.R.crop growth rate作物生长率CHOcarbohydrate碳水化合物,糖类CICETEChina International Center for Economic and Technical Exchange中国国际经济技术交流中心CIDA Canadian International Development Assistance加拿大国际开发署CILBCEPCommission Internationale de Lutte Biologique Contre les Ennemis des Plantes国际生物控制委员会[法]CIMMTCentro International de Mejoramiento de Maizy Trigo国际玉米和小麦改良中心[墨西哥]CIVCentro de Investigaciones Veterinarias兽医学研究中心CIVBPThe Control Institute of Veterinary Bioproducts andPharmaceuticals (China)兽医药品监察所[中]CLPCouncil for Livestock Protection家畜保护委员会[美]CMCclump microscopic count直接镜检菌落数CMCcarboxymethyl cellulose羧甲基纤维素CMDCCentral Milk Distributive Committee中央牛奶分配委员会CMScarboxymethyl starch羧甲基淀粉CMTCalifornia mastis test加利福尼亚乳房炎试验CNABSIECChina National Animal Breeding Stock Import and Export Corporation 中国种畜进出口公司CNCOFIECChina National Cereals, Oils and Food-stuffs Import and Export Corporation中国粮油食品进出口总公司CNEConfederation Nationale de l'Elevage全国畜牧联合会[法]CNFQCChina National Feed Quality Control中国国家饲料质量监督检验中心CNMIECChina National Machinery,Import and Export Corporation中国机械进出口公司CNNPABIECChina National Native Produce and Animal By-products Import and Export Corporation中国土产畜产进出口总公司CNRZCentre National de Recherches Zootechniques国立畜牧研究中心[法]CNTIECChina National Textiles Import and Export Corporation中国纺织品进出口总公司CoAcoenzyme A辅酶ACODchemical oxygen demand化学需氧量CODAZRCommittee on Desert and Arid Zones Research (U.S.A.)沙漠与干旱地区研究委员会[美]COFICouncil of Forest Industries of British Columbia不列颠哥伦比亚森林工业理事会[加]COGECAGeneral Committee for Agricultural Cooperation in the European Union 欧盟农业合作综合委员会COSTEDCommittee on Science and Technology in the Developing Countries发展中国家科学技术委员会CPcrude protein粗蛋白质C/Pratio energy (calorie) protein ratio能量蛋白比CPACCommittee for Promotion and Advancement of Cooperatives促进合作委员会CPCIZComite Permanent des Congres Internationaux de Zoologie国际动物学大会常设委员会[法]CRDchronic respiratory disease(家禽)慢性呼吸道病CSAPCanadian Society of Animal Production加拿大畜产学会CSASCanadian Society of Animal Science加拿大畜牧学会CSHcotton seed hull 棉籽壳CSIRCouncil for Scientific and Industrial Research科学与工业研究理事会[澳]CSIROCommonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization联邦科学与工业研究组织[澳]CSLcorn steep liquor玉米浆CSMcorn-soya-milk玉米[[#A12E]]大豆[[#A12E]]牛乳CSMcotton seed meal棉籽粕CSPconcentrated soybean protein浓缩大豆蛋白CSTACanadian Society of Technical Agriculturists加拿大技术农学家协会CSZCanadian Society of Zoologists加拿大动物学家学会CTCchlortetracycline金霉素,氯四环素CTFCoffee Trade Federation (U.K.)咖啡贸易联合会[英]CTPItotal performance index for cow母牛总生产性能指数CUConsumers Union消费者联盟CUECOOPConfederation Uruguya de Entidades Cooperatives乌拉圭合作社联合会CUSWDASACouncil of U.S. Universities for Soil and WaterDevelopment in Arid and Subhumid Area美国大学干旱与半干旱地区水土开发理事会CUTCredit Union of Thailand泰国信贷联盟C.V.coefficient of variation变异系数CVMACanadian Veterinary Medical Association加拿大兽医协会CWRLCitrus Wastage Research Laboratory (Australia)柑橘损耗研究实验室[澳]CWSCanadian Wildlife Service加拿大野生动物局CWUChemical Workers Union化学工作者联合会[美]Cys.Cystine胱氨酸DAdevelopmental age发育年龄dAdeoxyadenosine脱氧腺苷dA dTtailing脱氧腺苷脱氧胸苷加尾,dA dT加尾DAAOd-amino acid oxidaseD-氨基酸氧化酶DABDeutsches Apothekerbuch德国药典DACDevelopment Assitance Committee (of OECD)(经济与合作发展组织)发展援助委员会DAFSDepartment of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland苏格兰农业与渔业部[英]DANS1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulphonyl chloride1-二甲基氨萘-5-磺酰(一种荧光色素)DAOdairy advisory officer奶牛辅导员DAPdiammonium phosphate磷酸氢二铵DAPdiaminopimelic acid二氨基庚二酸DAPQSDalian Animal and Pant Quarantine Service (China)大连动物植物检疫所[中]DBHA3,5-ditertbuly-4-hydroxyanisole3,5-二特丁基-4-羟基茴香醚dCdeoxycytidine脱氧胞苷DCdry cure干腌(猪肉)。

销售中可能遇到和一些专业术语和英文缩写

投资回报率：简写：ROI ，Return On Investment。是指通过投资而应返回的价值，它涵盖了企业的获利目标。利润和投入的经营所必备的财产相关，因为管理人员必须通过投资和现有财产获得利润。
净资产收益率：简写：ROE，Rate of Return on Common Stockholders’ Equity。净资产收益率又称股东权益收益率，是净利润与股东权益的百分比。该指标反映股东权益的收益水平，指标值越高，说明投资带来的收益越高。
财务部 General Accounting Department
销售部 Sales Department
国际部 International Department
广告部 Advertising Department
企划部 Planning Department
研发部 Research and Development Department(R&D)
CRM: 客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management)
JIT: 即时管理(Just In Time)
KM：知识管理 (Knowledge Management)
LTC: 最小总成本法(Least Total Cost)
LUC: 最小单位成本 (Least Unit Cost)
秘书室 Secretarial Pool
销售相关名词：
KA：Key Accounts（原：主要客户）大卖场，大型连锁
DM：Deliver Message Direct Mail 宣传单张
POP：Point of the purchase (原：据点上的购买）店头广告

专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照(A-L)

专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照(A-L)A:Actuator 执行器A:Amplifier 放大器A:Attendance员工考勤A:Attenuation衰减AA:Antenna amplifier 开线放大器AA:Architectural Acoustics建筑声学AC:Analogue Controller 模拟控制器ACD:Automatic Call Distribution 自动分配话务ACS:Access Control System出入控制系统AD:Addressable Detector地址探测器ADM:Add/Drop Multiplexer分插复用器ADPCM:Adaptive Differential ulse Code Modulation 自适应差分脉冲编码调制AF:Acoustic Feedback 声反馈AFR:Amplitude /Frequency Response 幅频响应AGC:Automati Gain Control自动增益控制AHU:Air Handling Unit 空气处理机组A-I:Auto-iris自动光圈AIS:Alarm Indication Signal 告警指示信号AITS:Acknowledged Information Transfer Service确认操作ALC:Automati Level Control 自动平衡控制ALS:Alarm Seconds 告警秒ALU:Analogue Lines Unit 模拟用户线单元AM:Administration Module管理模块AN:Access Network 接入网ANSI:American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会APS:Automatic Protection Switching 自动保护倒换ASC:Automati Slope Control 自动斜率控制ATH:Analogue Trunk Unit 模拟中继单元ATM：Asynchrous Transfer Mode 异步传送方式AU- PPJE:AU Pointer Positive Justification 管理单元正指针调整AU:Administration Unit 管理单元AU-AIS:Administrative Unit Alarm Indication SignalAU告警指示信号AUG:Administration Unit Group 管理单元组AU-LOP:Loss of Administrative Unit Pointer AU指针丢失AU-NPJE:AU Pointer Negative Justification管理单元负指针调整AUP:Administration Unit Pointer管理单元指针AVCD:Auchio &Video Control Device 音像控制装置AWG:American Wire Gauge美国线缆规格BA:Bridge Amplifier桥接放大器BAC:Building Automation & Control net建筑物自动化和控制网络BAM:Background Administration Module后管理模块BBER:Background Block Error Ratio背景块误码比BCC:B-channel Connect ControlB通路连接控制BD:Building DistributorBEF:Buiding Entrance Facilities 建筑物入口设施BFOC:Bayonet Fibre Optic Connector大口式光纤连接器BGN:Background Noise背景噪声BGS: Background Sound 背景音响BIP-N:Bit Interleaved Parity N code 比特间插奇偶校验N位码B-ISDN:Brand band ISDN 宽带综合业务数字网B-ISDN:Broad band -Integrated Services Digital Network 宽带综合业务数字网BMC:Burst Mode Controller 突发模式控制器BMS:Building Management System 智能建筑管理系统BRI:Basic Rate ISDN 基本速率的综合业务数字网BS:Base Station基站BSC:Base Station Controller基站控制器BUL：Back up lighting备用照明C/S: Client/Server客户机/服务器C:Combines 混合器C:Container 容器CA:Call Accounting电话自动计费系统CATV:Cable Television 有线电视CC:Call Control 呼叫控制CC:Coax cable 同轴电缆CCD:Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件CCF:Cluster Contril Function 簇控制功能CD:Campus Distributor 建筑群配线架CD:Combination detector 感温，感烟复合探测器CDCA:Continuous Dynamic Channel Assign 连续的动态信道分配CDDI:Copper Distributed Data 合同缆分布式数据接口CDES:Carbon dioxide extinguisbing system 二氧化碳系统CDMA:Code Division Multiplex Access 码分多址CF:Core Function 核心功能CFM:Compounded Frequency Modulation 压扩调频繁CIS:Call Information System 呼叫信息系统CISPR:Internation Special Conmittee On Radio Interference 国际无线电干扰专门委员会CLNP:Connectionless Network Protocol 无连接模式网络层协议CLP:Cell Loss Priority信元丢失优先权CM:Communication Module 通信模块CM:Configuration Management 配置管理CM:Cross-connect Matrix交叉连接矩阵CMI:Coded Mark Inversion传号反转码CMISE:Common Management Information Service公用管理信息协议服务单元CPE:Convergence protocol entity 会聚协议实体CR/E:card reader /Encoder (Ticket reader )卡读写器/编码器CRC:Cyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗佘校验CRT:Cathode Ray Tabe 显示器，监视器，阴极射线管CS: Convergence service 会聚服务CS:Cableron Spectrum 旧纳档块化技术CS:Ceiling Screen 挡烟垂壁CS:Convergence Sublayer合聚子层CSC:Combined Speaker Cabinet 组合音响CSCW:Computer supported collaborative work 计算机支持的协同工作CSES:Continuius Severely Errored Second 连续严重误码秒CSF:Cell Site Function 单基站功能控制CTB:Composite Triple Beat 复合三价差拍CTD：Cable Thermal Detector 缆式线型感温探测器CTNR:carrier to noise ratio 载波比CW:Control Word 控制字D:Directional 指向性D:Distortion 失真度D:Distributive 分布式DA:Distribution Amplifier 分配的大器DBA:Database Administrator数据库管理者DBCSN:Database Control System Nucleus数据库控制系统核心DBOS:Database Organizing System 数据库组织系统DBSS:Database Security System 数据库安全系统DC:Door Contacts大门传感器DCC:Digital Communication Channel数字通信通路DCN:Data Communication Network 数据通信网DCP-I:Distributed Control Panel -Intelligent智能型分散控制器DCS:Distributed Control System集散型控制系统DDN:Digital Data Network 数字数据网DDS:Direct Dignital Controller直接数字控制器DDW:Data Describing Word 数据描述字DECT:Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication增强数字无绳通讯DFB:Distributed Feedback 分布反馈DID:Direct Inward Dialing 直接中继方式，呼入直拨到分机用户DLC:Data Link Control Layer 数据链路层DLI:DECT Line InterfaceDODI:Direct Outward Dialing One 一次拨号音DPH:DECT PhoneDRC:Directional Response Cahracteristics 指向性响应DS:Direct Sound 直正声DSP:Digital signal Processing 数字信号处理DSS：Deiision Support System 决策支持系统DTMF:Dual Tone Multi-Frequency 双音多频DTS:Dual -Technology Sensor 双鉴传感器DWDM:Dense Wave-length Division Multiplexing 密集波分复用DXC:Digital Cross-Connect 数字交叉连接E:Emergency lighting照明设备E:Equalizer 均衡器E:Expander 扩展器EA-DFB:Electricity Absorb-Distributed Feedback 电吸收分布反馈ECC:Embedded Control Channel 嵌入或控制通道EDFA:Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier掺饵光纤放大器EDI:Electronic Data Interexchange 电子数据交换EIC:Electrical Impedance Characteristics 电阻抗特性EMC：Electro Magnetic Compatibiloty 电磁兼容性EMI:Electro Magnetic Interference 电磁干扰EMS:Electromagnetic Sensitibility 电磁敏感性EN:Equivalent Noise 等效噪声EP:Emergency Power 应急电源ES:Emergency Sooket 应急插座ES:Evacuation Sigvial疏散照明ESA:Error SecondA 误码秒类型ＡESB:ErrorSecondB 误码秒类型ＢESD:Electrostatic Discharge静电放电ESR:Errored Second Ratio 误码秒比率ETDM:Electrical Time Division Multiplexing电时分复用ETSI:European Telecommunication Standards Institute欧洲电信标准协会F:Filter 滤波器FAB:Fire Alarm Bell 火警警铃FACU:Fire Alarm Contrlol Unit 火灾自动报警控制装置FC:Failure Count 失效次数FC:Frequency Converter 频率变换器FCC:Fire Alarm System 火灾报警系统FCS:Field Control System 现场总线FCU：Favn Coil Unit风机盘管FD:Fire Door 防火门FD:Flame Detector 火焰探测器FD:Floor DistributorFD:Frequency Dirsder 分频器FDD:Frequency Division Dual 频分双工FDDI：Fiberdistributed Data Interface光纤缆分布式数据接口。

酒店前台专业术语常见缩写及解释

专业术语(缩写)列表---新手入门参考

专业术语(缩写)列表---新手入门参考AALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) 算术逻辑单元注：主要功能是进行二进制的算术运算，如加减乘(不包括整数除法)。

CCg (C Graphics)注：NVIDIA 推出的一种高级着色语言,代表的是绘图显示用的C语言。

CMP (Chip Multi-Processor) 片上多处理器注：单个芯片上实现SMP，每一个处理器内核就是一个相对简单的单线程处理器。

CMP允许线程在多个内核上并行执行，从而利用线程级并行性来提高系统性能。

CMT (Chip Multi-threading) 片上多线程注：在一块芯片上集成多个MT处理器内核，构造出支持TLP的SMP系统。

CMT＝CMP＋MT。

CPI (Cycles Per Instruction) 每指令时钟数注：处理器中每条指令执行所需的系统时钟数。

CTA(Cooperative Thread Array) 互相合作的线程组注：也称为Thread block；线程间允许彼此同步，通过共享内存交换数据。

CUBLAS (CUDA Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) CUDA基本线性代数子程序注：CUDA提供的函数库，在硬件驱动上实现，编程时可直接使用。

CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) 统一计算架构注：由NVIDIA推出的，建立在GPU基础之上的通用计算开发平台。

EECC (Error Checking and Correcting) 错误检查和纠正注：一种内存数据的错误检查与纠正技术，占用的额外位宽小，实际数据位宽增加一倍，校验比特只增加1位。

FFPU (Float Point Unit) 浮点运算单元注：专用于浮点运算的处理器，典型的运算包括加、减、乘、除、平方根运算等。

Ggrid 网格注：一组thread block，以1维、2维或3维组织，共享全局内存。

专业名词英文缩写解释

IBP：紧急后备控制盘
PEDC：单元控制器
其他
DK254：区间公里标简称，指区间公里标DK25+400处。
W5912：道岔名称
CBTC：Communications-Based Train Control的缩写，基于通信的列车控制系统。
折返线I道、折返线II道、存车线I道、存车线II道。
JD1、JD2指进段信号机；CD1、CD1指出段信号机。
SC：车站计算机系统
AG：闸机
TVM：自动售票机
TCM：自动查询机
BOM：半自动售票机
PTCM：手持式检票机简称
ES：编码分拣机
PSD：Platform screen doors屏蔽门
PED：端门
EED：应急门
ASD：滑动门
DCU：门控单元
FIX：固定门
LCB：就地控制盒
PSC：中央控制盘
PSL：就地控制盘
1500V：直流1500伏电压等级
400V：交流400伏电压等级
GIS：气体绝缘组合电器设备
REF542：ABB公司的后备保护装置,35KV开关柜保护装置名称
RED615：ABB公司的差动保护装置，35KV开关柜保护装置名称
SEPCOS：赛雪龙公司的直流保护装置
PSCADA：电力监控系统
通信专业
CCTV：闭路电视监控系统
CC：车载控制器
FSB：全常用制动
EB：紧急制动
ESB：紧急停车按钮
DTI：发车倒计时器
TOD：列车信号显示屏
PFA：信号电源屏A屏/ PFB：信号电源屏B屏
MFA：车站联锁A机/MFB：车站联锁B机
MTOR：车载输入/输出
PTOP：ATS服务器内联锁通信进程

专业术语缩写大全

专业术语常用名词缩写中英文对照请选择您所要查询的字母:A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-L-M-O-P-R-S-T-U-VA:Actuator 执行器A:Amplifier 放大器A:Attendance员工考勤A:Attenuation衰减AA:Antenna amplifier 开线放大器AA:Architectural Acoustics建筑声学AC:Analogue Controller 模拟控制器ACD:Automatic Call Distribution 自动分配话务ACS:Access Control System出入控制系统AD:Addressable Detector地址探测器ADM:Add/Drop Multiplexer分插复用器ADPCM:Adaptive Differential ulse Code Modulation 自适应差分脉冲编码调制AF:Acoustic Feedback 声反馈AFR:Amplitude /Frequency Response 幅频响应AGC:Automati Gain Control自动增益控制AHU:Air Handling Unit 空气处理机组A-I:Auto-iris自动光圈AIS:Alarm Indication Signal 告警指示信号AITS:Acknowledged Information Transfer Service确认操作ALC:Automati Level Control 自动平衡控制ALS:Alarm Seconds 告警秒ALU:Analogue Lines Unit 模拟用户线单元AM:Administration Module管理模块AN:Access Network 接入网ANSI:American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会APS:Automatic Protection Switching 自动保护倒换ASC:Automati Slope Control 自动斜率控制ATH:Analogue Trunk Unit 模拟中继单元ATM：Asynchrous Transfer Mode 异步传送方式AU- PPJE:AU Pointer Positive Justification 管理单元正指针调整AU:Administration Unit 管理单元AU-AIS:Administrative Unit Alarm Indication SignalAU告警指示信号AUG:Administration Unit Group 管理单元组AU-LOP:Loss of Administrative Unit Pointer AU指针丢失AU-NPJE:AU Pointer Negative Justification管理单元负指针调整AUP:Administration Unit Pointer管理单元指针AVCD:Auchio &Video Control Device 音像控制装置AWG:American Wire Gauge美国线缆规格BA:Bridge Amplifier桥接放大器TOPBAC:Building Automation & Control net建筑物自动化和控制网络BAM:Background Administration Module后管理模块BBER:Background Block Error Ratio背景块误码比BCC:B-channel Connect ControlB通路连接控制BD:Building DistributorBEF:Buiding Entrance Facilities 建筑物入口设施BFOC:Bayonet Fibre Optic Connector大口式光纤连接器BGN:Background Noise背景噪声BGS: Background Sound 背景音响BIP-N:Bit Interleaved Parity N code 比特间插奇偶校验N位码B-ISDN:Brand band ISDN 宽带综合业务数字网B-ISDN:Broad band -Integrated Services Digital Network 宽带综合业务数字网BMC:Burst Mode Controller 突发模式控制器BMS:Building Management System 智能建筑管理系统BRI:Basic Rate ISDN 基本速率的综合业务数字网BS:Base Station基站BSC:Base Station Controller基站控制器BUL：Back up lighting备用照明C/S: Client/Server客户机/服务器TOPC:Combines 混合器C:Container 容器CA:Call Accounting电话自动计费系统CATV:Cable Television 有线电视CC:Call Control 呼叫控制CC:Coax cable 同轴电缆CCD:Charge coupled devices 电荷耦合器件CCF:Cluster Contril Function 簇控制功能CD:Campus Distributor 建筑群配线架CD:Combination detector 感温，感烟复合探测器CDCA:Continuous Dynamic Channel Assign 连续的动态信道分配CDDI:Copper Distributed Data 合同缆分布式数据接口CDES:Carbon dioxide extinguisbing system 二氧化碳系统CDMA:Code Division Multiplex Access 码分多址CF:Core Function 核心功能CFM:Compounded Frequency Modulation 压扩调频繁CIS:Call Information System 呼叫信息系统CISPR:Internation Special Conmittee On Radio Interference 国际无线电干扰专门委员会CLNP:Connectionless Network Protocol 无连接模式网络层协议CLP:Cell Loss Priority信元丢失优先权CM:Communication Module 通信模块CM:Configuration Management 配置管理CM:Cross-connect Matrix交叉连接矩阵CMI:Coded Mark Inversion传号反转码CMISE:Common Management Information Service公用管理信息协议服务单元CPE:Convergence protocol entity 会聚协议实体CR/E:card reader /Encoder (Ticket reader )卡读写器/编码器CRC:Cyclic Redundancy Check 循环冗佘校验CRT:Cathode Ray Tabe 显示器，监视器，阴极射线管CS: Convergence service 会聚服务CS:Cableron Spectrum 旧纳档块化技术CS:Ceiling Screen 挡烟垂壁CS:Convergence Sublayer合聚子层CSC:Combined Speaker Cabinet 组合音响CSCW:Computer supported collaborative work 计算机支持的协同工作CSES:Continuius Severely Errored Second 连续严重误码秒CSF:Cell Site Function 单基站功能控制CTB:Composite Triple Beat 复合三价差拍CTD：Cable Thermal Detector 缆式线型感温探测器CTNR:carrier to noise ratio 载波比CW:Control Word 控制字D:Directional 指向性TOPD:Distortion 失真度D:Distributive 分布式DA:Distribution Amplifier 分配的大器DBA:Database Administrator数据库管理者DBCSN:Database Control System Nucleus数据库控制系统核心DBOS:Database Organizing System 数据库组织系统DBSS:Database Security System 数据库安全系统DC:Door Contacts大门传感器DCC:Digital Communication Channel数字通信通路DCN:Data Communication Network 数据通信网DCP-I:Distributed Control Panel -Intelligent智能型分散控制器DCS:Distributed Control System集散型控制系统DDN:Digital Data Network 数字数据网DDS:Direct Dignital Controller直接数字控制器DDW:Data Describing Word 数据描述字DECT:Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunication增强数字无绳通讯DFB:Distributed Feedback 分布反馈DID:Direct Inward Dialing 直接中继方式，呼入直拨到分机用户DLC:Data Link Control Layer 数据链路层DLI:DECT Line InterfaceDODI:Direct Outward Dialing One 一次拨号音DPH:DECT PhoneDRC:Directional Response Cahracteristics 指向性响应DS:Direct Sound 直正声DSP:Digital signal Processing 数字信号处理DSS：Deiision Support System 决策支持系统DTMF:Dual Tone Multi-Frequency 双音多频DTS:Dual -Technology Sensor 双鉴传感器DWDM:Dense Wave-length Division Multiplexing 密集波分复用DXC:Digital Cross-Connect 数字交叉连接E:Emergency lighting照明设备TOPE:Equalizer 均衡器E:Expander 扩展器EA-DFB:Electricity Absorb-Distributed Feedback 电吸收分布反馈ECC:Embedded Control Channel 嵌入或控制通道EDFA:Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier掺饵光纤放大器EDI:Electronic Data Interexchange 电子数据交换EIC:Electrical Impedance Characteristics 电阻抗特性EMC：Electro Magnetic Compatibiloty 电磁兼容性EMI:Electro Magnetic Interference 电磁干扰EMS:Electromagnetic Sensitibility 电磁敏感性EN:Equivalent Noise 等效噪声EP:Emergency Power 应急电源ES:Emergency Sooket 应急插座ES:Evacuation Sigvial疏散照明ESA:Error SecondA 误码秒类型ＡESB:ErrorSecondB 误码秒类型ＢESD:Electrostatic Discharge静电放电ESR:Errored Second Ratio 误码秒比率ETDM:Electrical Time Division Multiplexing电时分复用ETSI:European Telecommunication Standards Institute欧洲电信标准协会F:Filter 滤波器TOPFAB:Fire Alarm Bell 火警警铃FACU:Fire Alarm Contrlol Unit 火灾自动报警控制装置FC:Failure Count 失效次数FC:Frequency Converter 频率变换器FCC:Fire Alarm System 火灾报警系统FCS:Field Control System 现场总线FCU：Favn Coil Unit风机盘管FD:Fire Door 防火门FD:Flame Detector 火焰探测器FD:Floor DistributorFD:Frequency Dirsder 分频器FDD:Frequency Division Dual 频分双工FDDI：Fiberdistributed Data Interface光纤缆分布式数据接口。

计算机缩写术语完全介绍

计算机缩写术语完全介绍计算机专业英语, 缩写在使用计算机的过程中，你可能会碰到各种各样的专业术语，特别是那些英文缩写常让我们不知所云，下面收集了各方面的词组，希望对大家有帮助。

一、港台术语与内地术语之对照由于港台的计算机发展相对快一些，许多人都去香港或台湾寻找资料，但是港台使用的电脑专业术语与内地不尽相同，你也许曾被这些东西弄得糊里糊涂的。

---------------------------港台术语内地术语埠接口位元位讯号信号数码数字类比模拟高阶高端低阶低端时脉时钟频宽带宽光碟光盘磁碟磁盘硬碟硬盘程式程序绘图图形数位数字网路网络硬体硬件软体软件介面接口母板主板主机板主板软碟机软驱记忆体内存绘图卡显示卡监视器显示器声效卡音效卡解析度分辨率相容性兼容性数据机调制解调器---------------------------二、英文术语完全介绍在每组术语中，按照英文字母的排列顺序来分类。

1、CPU3DNow!（3D no waiting，无须等待的3D处理）AAM（AMD Analyst Meeting，AMD分析家会议）ABP（Advanced Branch Prediction，高级分支预测）ACG（Aggressive Clock Gating，主动时钟选择）AIS（Alternate Instruction Set，交替指令集）ALAT（advanced load table，高级载入表）ALU（Arithmetic Logic Unit，算术逻辑单元）Aluminum（铝）AGU（Address Generation Units，地址产成单元）APC（Advanced Power Control，高级能源控制）APIC（Advanced rogrammable Interrupt Controller，高级可编程中断控制器）APS（Alternate Phase Shifting，交替相位跳转）ASB（Advanced System Buffering，高级系统缓冲）ATC（Advanced Transfer Cache，高级转移缓存）ATD（Assembly Technology Development，装配技术发展）BBUL（Bumpless Build-Up Layer，内建非凹凸层）BGA（Ball Grid Array，球状网阵排列）BHT（branch prediction table，分支预测表）Bops（Billion Operations Per Second，10亿操作/秒）BPU（Branch Processing Unit，分支处理单元）BP（Brach Pediction，分支预测）BSP（Boot Strap Processor，启动捆绑处理器）BTAC（Branch Target Address Calculator，分支目标寻址计算器）CBGA (Ceramic Ball Grid Array，陶瓷球状网阵排列)CDIP (Ceramic Dual-In-Line，陶瓷双重直线)Center Processing Unit Utilization，中央处理器占用率CFM（cubic feet per minute，立方英尺/秒）CMT（course-grained multithreading，过程消除多线程）CMOS（Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体）CMOV（conditional move instruction，条件移动指令）CISC（Complex Instruction Set Computing，复杂指令集计算机）CLK（Clock Cycle，时钟周期）CMP（on-chip multiprocessor，片内多重处理）CMS（Code Morphing Software，代码变形软件）co-CPU（cooperative CPU，协处理器）COB（Cache on board，板上集成缓存，做在CPU卡上的二级缓存，通常是内核的一半速度））COD（Cache on Die，芯片内核集成缓存）Copper（铜）CPGA（Ceramic Pin Grid Array，陶瓷针型栅格阵列）CPI（cycles per instruction，周期/指令）CPLD（Complex Programmable Logic Device，?}?s可程式化元件）CPU（Center Processing Unit，中央处理器）CRT（Cooperative Redundant Threads，协同多余线程）CSP（Chip Scale Package，芯片比例封装）CXT（Chooper eXTend，增强形K6-2内核，即K6-3）Data Forwarding（数据前送）dB（decibel，分贝）DCLK（Dot Clock，点时钟）DCT（DRAM Controller，DRAM控制器）DDT（Dynamic Deferred Transaction，动态延期处理）Decode（指令解码）DIB（Dual Independent Bus，双重独立总线）DMT（Dynamic Multithreading Architecture，动态多线程结构）DP（Dual Processor，双处理器）DSM（Dedicated Stack Manager，专门堆栈管理）DSMT（Dynamic Simultaneous Multithreading，动态同步多线程）DST（Depleted Substrate Transistor，衰竭型底层晶体管）DTV（Dual Threshold Voltage，双重极限电压）DUV（Deep Ultra-Violet，纵深紫外光）EBGA（Enhanced Ball Grid Array，增强形球状网阵排列）EBL（electron beam lithography，电子束平版印刷）EC（Embedded Controller，嵌入式控制器）EDEC（Early Decode，早期解码）Embedded Chips（嵌入式）EPA（edge pin array，边缘针脚阵列）EPF（Embedded Processor Forum，嵌入式处理器论坛）EPL（electron projection lithography，电子发射平版印刷）EPM（Enhanced Power Management，增强形能源管理）EPIC（explicitly parallel instruction code，并行指令代码）EUV（Extreme Ultra Violet，紫外光）EUV（extreme ultraviolet lithography，极端紫外平版印刷）FADD（Floating Point Addition，浮点加）FBGA（Fine-Pitch Ball Grid Array，精细倾斜球状网阵排列）FBGA（flipchip BGA，轻型芯片BGA）FC-BGA（Flip-Chip Ball Grid Array，反转芯片球形栅格阵列）FC-PGA（Flip-Chip Pin Grid Array，反转芯片针脚栅格阵列）FDIV（Floating Point Divide，浮点除）FEMMS：Fast Entry/Exit Multimedia State，快速进入/退出多媒体状态FFT（fast Fourier transform，快速热欧姆转换）FGM（Fine-Grained Multithreading，高级多线程）FID（FID：Frequency identify，频率鉴别号码）FIFO（First Input First Output，先入先出队列）FISC（Fast Instruction Set Computer，快速指令集计算机）flip-chip（芯片反转）FLOPs（Floating Point Operations Per Second，浮点操作/秒）FMT（fine-grained multithreading，纯消除多线程）FMUL（Floating Point Multiplication，浮点乘）FPRs（floating-point registers，浮点寄存器）FPU（Float Point Unit，浮点运算单元）FSUB（Floating Point Subtraction，浮点减）GFD（Gold finger Device，金手指超频设备）GHC（Global History Counter，通用历史计数器）GTL（Gunning Transceiver Logic，射电收发逻辑电路）GVPP（Generic Visual Perception Processor，常规视觉处理器）HL-PBGA: 表面黏著,高耐热、轻薄型塑胶球状网阵封装HTT（Hyper-Threading Technology，超级线程技术）Hz（hertz，赫兹，频率单位）IA（Intel Architecture，英特尔架构）IAA（Intel Application Accelerator，英特尔应用程序加速器）ICU（Instruction Control Unit，指令控制单元）ID（identify，鉴别号码）IDF（Intel Developer Forum，英特尔开发者论坛）IEU（Integer Execution Units，整数执行单元）IHS（Integrated Heat Spreader，完整热量扩展）ILP（Instruction Level Parallelism，指令级平行运算）IMM: Intel Mobile Module, 英特尔移动模块Instructions Cache，指令缓存Instruction Coloring（指令分类）IOPs（Integer Operations Per Second，整数操作/秒）IPC（Instructions Per Clock Cycle，指令/时钟周期）ISA（instruction set architecture，指令集架构）ISD（inbuilt speed-throttling device，内藏速度控制设备）ITC（Instruction Trace Cache，指令追踪缓存）ITRS（International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors，国际半导体技术发展蓝图）KNI（Katmai New Instructions，Katmai新指令集，即SSE）Latency（潜伏期）LDT（Lightning Data Transport，闪电数据传输总线）LFU（Legacy Function Unit，传统功能单元）LGA（land grid array，接点栅格阵列）LN2（Liquid Nitrogen，液氮）Local Interconnect（局域互连）MAC（multiply-accumulate，累积乘法）mBGA (Micro Ball Grid Array，微型球状网阵排列)nm（namometer，十亿分之一米/毫微米）MCA（machine check architecture，机器检查体系）MCU（Micro-Controller Unit，微控制器单元）MCT（Memory Controller，内存控制器）MESI（Modified, Exclusive, Shared, Invalid：修改、排除、共享、废弃）MF（MicroOps Fusion，微指令合并）mm（micron metric，微米）MMX（MultiMedia Extensions，多媒体扩展指令集）MMU（Multimedia Unit，多媒体单元）MMU（Memory Management Unit，内存管理单元）MN（model numbers，型号数字）MFLOPS（Million Floating Point/Second，每秒百万个浮点操作）MHz（megahertz，兆赫）mil（PCB 或晶片?丫值拈L度?挝唬?1 mil = 千分之一英寸）MIPS（Million Instruction Per Second，百万条指令/秒）MOESI（Modified, Owned, Exclusive, Shared or Invalid，修改、自有、排除、共享或无效）MOF（Micro Ops Fusion，微操作熔合）Mops（Million Operations Per Second，百万次操作/秒）MP（Multi-Processing，多重处理器架构）MPF（Micro processor Forum，微处理器论坛）MPU（Microprocessor Unit，微处理器）MPS（MultiProcessor Specification，多重处理器规范）MSRs（Model-Specific Registers，特别模块寄存器）MSV（Multiprocessor Specification Version，多处理器规范版本）NAOC（no-account OverClock，无效超频）NI（Non－Intel，非英特尔）NOP（no operation，非操作指令）NRE（Non-Recurring Engineering charge，非重?}性工程?M用）OBGA（Organic Ball Grid Arral，有机球状网阵排列）OCPL（Off Center Parting Line，远离中心部分线队列）OLGA（Organic Land Grid Array，有机平面网阵包装）OoO（Out of Order，乱序执行）OPC（Optical Proximity Correction，光学临近修正）OPGA（Organic Pin Grid Array，有机塑料针型栅格阵列）OPN（Ordering Part Number，分类零件号码）PAT（Performance Acceleration Technology，性能加速技术）PBGA（Plastic Pin Ball Grid Array，塑胶球状网阵排列）PDIP (Plastic Dual-In-Line，塑料双重直线)PDP（Parallel Data Processing，并行数据处理）PGA（Pin-Grid Array，引脚网格阵列）,耗电大PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carriers，塑料行间芯片运载)Post-RISC（加速RISC，或后RISC）PR（Performance Rate，性能比率）PIB（Processor In a Box，盒装处理器）PM（Pseudo-Multithreading，假多线程）PPGA（Plastic Pin Grid Array，塑胶针状网阵封装）PQFP（Plastic Quad Flat Package，塑料方块平面封装）PSN（Processor Serial numbers，处理器序列号）QFP（Quad Flat Package，方块平面封装）QSPS（Quick Start Power State，快速启动能源状态）RAS（Return Address Stack，返回地址堆栈）RAW（Read after Write，写后读）REE（Rapid Execution Engine，快速执行引擎）Register Contention（抢占寄存器）Register Pressure（寄存器不足）Register Renaming（寄存器重命名）Remark（芯片频率重标识）Resource contention（资源冲突）Retirement（指令引退）RISC（Reduced Instruction Set Computing，精简指令集计算机）ROB（Re-Order Buffer，重排序缓冲区）RSE（register stack engine，寄存器堆栈引擎）RTL（Register Transfer Level，?捍嫫鬓D?Q?印Ｓ搀w描述?Z言的一?N描述?哟危? SC242（242-contact slot connector，242脚金手指插槽连接器）SE（Special Embedded，特别嵌入式）SEC（Single Edge Connector，单边连接器）SECC（Single Edge Contact Cartridge，单边接触卡盒）SEPP（Single Edge Processor Package，单边处理器封装）Shallow-trench isolation（浅槽隔离）SIMD（Single Instruction Multiple Data，单指令多数据流）SiO2F（Fluorided Silicon Oxide，二氧氟化硅）SMI（System Management Interrupt，系统管理中断）SMM（System Management Mode，系统管理模式）SMP（Symmetric Multi-Processing，对称式多重处理架构）SMT（Simultaneous multithreading，同步多线程）SOI（Silicon-on-insulator，绝缘体硅片）SOIC (Plastic Small Outline，塑料小型)SONC（System on a chip，系统集成芯片）SPGA（Staggered Pin Grid Array、交错式针状网阵封装）SPEC（System Performance Evaluation Corporation，系统性能评估测试）SQRT（Square Root Calculations，平方根计算）SRQ（System Request Queue，系统请求队列）SSE（Streaming SIMD Extensions，单一指令多数据流扩展）SFF（Small Form Factor，更小外形格局）SS（Special Sizing，特殊缩放）SSP（Slipstream processing，滑流处理）SST（Special Sizing Techniques，特殊筛分技术）SSOP (Shrink Plastic Small Outline，缩短塑料小型)STC（Space Time Computing，空余时间计算）Superscalar（超标量体系结构）TAP（Test Access Port，测试存取端口）TBGA（Tie Ball Grid Array，带状球形光栅阵列）TCP: Tape Carrier Package（薄膜封装）,发热小TDP（Thermal Design Power，热量设计功率）Throughput（吞吐量）TLB（Translate Look side Buffers，转换旁视缓冲器）TLP（Thread-Level Parallelism，线程级并行）TMP（Threaded Multi-Path，线程多通道）TPI（True Performance Initiative/index，真实性能为先/指标）TQFP (Thin Plastic Quad Flat Pack，薄型方面平面封装)Trc（Row Cycle Time，列循环时间）TrD（Transistor Density，晶体管密度）TSOP（Thin Small Outline Plastic，薄型小型塑料）USWC（Uncacheabled Speculative Write Combination，无缓冲随机联合写操作）VALU（Vector Arithmetic Logic Unit，向量算术逻辑单元）VFSD（Vertex Frequency Stream Divider，顶点频率流分隔）VID（VID：Voltage identify，电压鉴别号码）VLIW（Very Long Instruction Word，超长指令字）VPU（Vector Permutate Unit，向量排列单元）VPU（vector processing units，向量处理单元，即处理MMX、SSE等SIMD指令的地方）VSA（Virtual System Architecture，虚拟系统架构）VTF（VIA Technical Forum，威盛技术论坛）XBar（Crossbar，交叉口闩仲载逻辑单元）XP（Experience，体验）XP（Extra performance，额外性能）XP（eXtreme Performance，极速性能）散热器TFT（Tiny Fin Technology，微型鳍片技术）2、主板3GIO（Third Generation Input/Output，第三代输入输出技术）ACR（Advanced Communications Riser，高级通讯升级卡）ADIMM（advanced Dual In-line Memory Modules，高级双重内嵌式内存模块）AGTL+（Assisted Gunning Transceiver Logic，援助发射接收逻辑电路）AIMM（AGP Inline Memory Module，AGP板上内存升级模块）AMR（Audio／Modem Riser；音效／调制解调器主机板附加直立插卡）AHA（Accelerated Hub Architecture，加速中心架构）AOI（Automatic Optical Inspection，自动光学检验）APU（Audio Processing Unit，音频处理单元）ARF（Asynchronous Receive FIFO，异步接收先入先出）ASF（Alert Standards Forum，警告标准讨论）ASK IR（Amplitude Shift Keyed Infra-Red，长波形可移动输入红外线）AT（Advanced Technology，先进技术）ATX（AT Extend，扩展型AT）BIOS（Basic Input/Output System，基本输入/输出系统）CNR（Communication and Networking Riser，通讯和网络升级卡）CSA（Communication Streaming Architecture，通讯流架构）CSE（Configuration Space Enable，可分配空间）COAST（Cache-on-a-stick，条状缓存）DASP（Dynamic Adaptive Speculative Pre-Processor，动态适应预测预处理器）DB: Device Bay，设备插架DMI（Desktop Management Interface，桌面管理接口）DOT（Dynamic Overclocking Technonlogy，动态超频技术）DPP（direct print Protocol，直接打印协议DRCG（Direct Rambus clock generator，直接RAMBUS时钟发生器）DVMT（Dynamic Video Memory Technology，动态视频内存技术）E（Economy，经济，或Entry-level，入门级）EB（Expansion Bus，扩展总线）EFI（Extensible Firmware Interface，扩展固件接口）EHCI（Enhanced Host Controller Interface，加强型主机端控制接口）EISA（Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture，增强形工业标准架构）EMI（Electromagnetic Interference，电磁干扰）ESCD（Extended System Configuration Data，可扩展系统配置数据）ESR（Equivalent Series Resistance，等价系列电阻）FBC（Frame Buffer Cache，帧缓冲缓存）FireWire（火线，即IEEE1394标准）FlexATX（Flexibility ATX，可扩展性ATX）FSB（Front Side Bus，前端总线）FWH（Firmware Hub，固件中心）GB（Garibaldi架构，Garibaldi基于ATX架构，但是也能够使用WTX构架的机箱）GMCH（Graphics & Memory Controller Hub，图形和内存控制中心）GPA（Graphics Performance Accelerator，图形性能加速卡）GPIs（General Purpose Inputs，普通操作输入）GTL+（Gunning Transceiver Logic，发射接收逻辑电路）HDIT（High Bandwidth Differential Interconnect Technology，高带宽微分互连技术）HSLB（High Speed Link Bus，高速链路总线）HT（HyperTransport，超级传输）I2C（Inter-IC）I2C（Inter-Integrated Circuit，内置集成电路）IBASES（Intel Baseline AGP System Evaluation Suite，英特尔基线AGP系统评估套件）IC（integrate circuit，集成电路）ICH（Input/Output Controller Hub，输入/输出控制中心）ICH-S（ICH-Hance Rapids，ICH高速型）ICP（Integrated Communications Processor，整合型通讯处理器）IHA（Intel Hub Architecture，英特尔Hub架构）IMB（Inter Module Bus，隐藏模块总线）INTIN（Interrupt Inputs，中断输入）IPMAT（Intel Power Management Analysis Tool，英特尔能源管理分析工具）IR（infrared ray，红外线）IrDA（infrared ray，红外线通信接口，可进行局域网存取和文件共享）ISA（Industry Standard Architecture，工业标准架构）ISA（instruction set architecture，工业设置架构）K8HTB（K8 HyperTransport Bridge，K8闪电传输桥）LSI（Large Scale Integration，大规模集成电路）LPC（Low Pin Count，少针脚型接口）MAC（Media Access Controller，媒体存储控制器）MBA（manage boot agent，管理启动代理）MC（Memory Controller，内存控制器）MCA（Micro Channel Architecture，微通道架构）MCH（Memory Controller Hub，内存控制中心）MDC（Mobile Daughter Card，移动式子卡）MII（Media Independent Interface，媒体独立接口）MIO（Media I/O，媒体输入/输出单元）MOSFET（metallic oxide semiconductor field effecttransistor，金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管）MRH-R（Memory Repeater Hub，内存数据处理中心）MRH-S（SDRAM Repeater Hub，SDRAM数据处理中心）MRIMM（Media-RIMM，媒体RIMM扩展槽）MSI（Message Signaled Interrupt，信息信号中断）MSPCE(Multiple Streams with Pipelining and Concurrent Execution，多重数据流的流水线式传输与并发执行）MT=MegaTransfers（兆传输率）MTH（Memory Transfer Hub，内存转换中心）MuTIOL（Multi-Threaded I/O link，多线程I/O链路）NGIO（Next Generation Input/Output，新一代输入/输出标准）NPPA（nForce Platform Processor Architecture，nForce平台处理架构）OHCI（Open Host Controller Interface，开放式主控制器接口）ORB（operation request block，操作请求块）ORS（Over Reflow Soldering，再流回焊接，SMT元件的焊接方式）P64H（64-bit PCI Controller Hub，64位PCI控制中心）PCB（printed circuit board，印刷电路板）PCBA（Printed Circuit Board Assembly，印刷电路板装配）PCI（Peripheral Component Interconnect，互连外围设备）PCI SIG（Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group，互连外围设备专业组）PDD（Performance Driven Design，性能驱动设计）PHY（Port Physical Layer，端口物理层）POST（Power On Self Test，加电自测试）PS/2（Personal System 2，第二代个人系统）PTH（Plated-Through-Hole technology，镀通孔技术）RE（Read Enable，可读取）QP（Quad-Pumped，四倍泵）RBB（Rapid BIOS Boot，快速BIOS启动）RNG（Random number Generator，随机数字发生器）RTC（Real Time Clock，实时时钟）KBC（KeyBroad Control，键盘控制器）SAP（Sideband Address Port，边带寻址端口）SBA（Side Band Addressing，边带寻址）SBC（single board computer，单板计算机）SBP-2（serial bus protocol 2，第二代串行总线协协）SCI（Serial Communications Interface，串行通讯接口）SCK (CMOS clock，CMOS时钟)SDU（segment data unit，分段数据单元）SFF（Small Form Factor，小尺寸架构）SFS（Stepless Frequency Selection，步进频率选项）SMA（Share Memory Architecture，共享内存结构）SMT（Surface Mounted Technology，表面黏贴式封装）SPI（Serial Peripheral Interface，串行外围设备接口）SSLL（Single Stream with Low Latency，低延迟的单独数据流传输）STD（Suspend To Disk，磁盘唤醒）STR（Suspend To RAM，内存唤醒）SVR（Switching Voltage Regulator，交换式电压调节）THT（Through Hole Technology，插入式封装技术）UCHI（Universal Host Controller Interface，通用宿主控制器接口）UPA（Universal Platform Architecture，统一平台架构）UPDG（Universal Platform Design Guide，统一平台设计导刊）USART（Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter，通用同步非同步接收传送器）USB（Universal Serial Bus，通用串行总线）USDM（Unified System Diagnostic Manager，统一系统监测管理器）VID（Voltage Identification Definition，电压识别认证）VLB（Video Electronics Standards Association Local Bus，视频电子标准协会局域总线）VLSI（Very Large Scale Integration，超大规模集成电路）VMAP（VIA Modular Architecture Platforms，VIA模块架构平台）VSB（V Standby，待命电压）VXB（Virtual Extended Bus，虚拟扩展总线）VRM（Voltage Regulator Module，电压调整模块）WE（Write Enalbe，可写入）WS（Wave Soldering，波峰焊接，THT元件的焊接方式）XT（Extended Technology，扩充技术）ZIF（Zero Insertion Force, 零插力插座）芯片组ACPI（Advanced Configuration and Power Interface，先进设置和电源管理）AGP（Accelerated Graphics Port，图形加速接口）BMS（Blue Magic Slot，蓝色魔法槽）I/O（Input/Output，输入/输出）MIOC: Memory and I/O Bridge Controller，内存和I/O桥控制器NBC: North Bridge Chip（北桥芯片）PIIX: PCI ISA/IDE Accelerator（加速器）PSE36: Page Size Extension 36－bit，36位页面尺寸扩展模式PXB: PCI Expander Bridge，PCI增强桥RCG: RAS/CAS Generator，RAS/CAS发生器SBC: South Bridge Chip（南桥芯片）SMB（System Management Bus，全系统管理总线）SPD（Serial Presence Detect，连续存在检测装置）SSB: Super South Bridge，超级南桥芯片TDP: Triton Data Path（数据路径）TSC: Triton System Controller（系统控制器）QPA: Quad Port Acceleration（四接口加速）3、显示设备AD（Analog to Digitalg，模拟到数字转换）ADC（Apple Display Connector，苹果专用显示器接口）ASIC（Application Specific Integrated Circuit，特殊应用积体电路）ASC（Auto-Sizing and Centering，自动调效屏幕尺寸和中心位置）ASC（Anti Static Coatings，防静电涂层）ASD（Auto Stereoscopic Display，自动立体显示）AGC（Anti Glare Coatings，防眩光涂层）AG（Aperture Grills，栅条式金属板）ARC（Anti Reflect Coating，防反射涂层）BLA: Bearn Landing Area（电子束落区）BMC（Black Matrix Screen，超黑矩阵屏幕）CCS（Cross Capacitance Sensing，交叉电容感应）cd/m^2（candela/平方米，亮度的单位）CDRS（Curved Directional Reflection Screen，曲线方向反射屏幕）CG-Silicon（Continuous Grain Silicon，连续微粒硅）CNT（carbon nano-tube，碳微管）CRC（Cyclical Redundancy Check，循环冗余检查）CRT（Cathode Ray Tube，阴极射线管）CVS（Compute Visual Syndrome，计算机视觉综合症）DA（Digital to Analog，数字到模拟转换）DDC（Display Data Channel，显示数据通道）DDWG（Digital Display Working Group，数字化显示工作组）DEC（Direct Etching Coatings，表面蚀刻涂层）Deflection Coil（偏转线圈）DFL（Dynamic Focus Lens，动态聚焦）DFP（Digital Flat Panel，数字平面显示标准）DFPG（Digital Flat Panel Group，数字平面显示标准工作组）DFS（Digital Flex Scan，数字伸缩扫描）DIC: Digital Image Control（数字图像控制）Digital Multiscan II（数字式智能多频追踪）DLP（digital Light Processing，数字光处理）DOSD: Digital On Screen Display（同屏数字化显示）DPMS（Display Power Management Signalling，显示能源管理信号）Dot Pitch（点距）DQL（Dynamic Quadrapole Lens，动态四极镜）DSP（Digital Signal Processing，数字信号处理）DSTN（Double layers Super Twisted Nematic，双层超扭曲向列，无源矩阵LCD）DTV（Digital TV，数字电视）DVI（Digital Visual Interface，数字化视像接口）ECD（ElectroChromic Display，电铬显示器）EFEAL（Extended Field Elliptical Aperture Lens，可扩展扫描椭圆孔镜头）FED（Field Emission Displays，电场显示器)Flyback Transformer（回转变压器）FPD（flat panel display，平面显示器）FRC: Frame Rate Control（帧比率控制）GLV（grating-light-valve，光栅亮度阀）HDMI（High Definition Multimedia Interface，高精度多媒体接口）HDTV（high definition television，高清晰度电视）HVD（High Voltage Differential，高分差动）IFT（Infinite FlatTube，无限平面管，三星丹娜）INVAR（不胀铜）IPS（in-plane switching，平面开关）LCD（liquid crystal display，液晶显示屏）LCOS: Liquid Crystal On Silicon（硅上液晶）LED（light emitting diode，光学二级管）L-SAGIC（Low Power-Small Aperture G1 wiht Impregnated Cathode，低电压光圈阴极管）LTPS（Low-Temperature Poly-Si，低温多晶硅）LVD（Low Voltage Differential，低分差动）LVDS（Low Voltage Differential Signal，低分差动信号）LRTC（LCD Response Time Compensation，液晶响应时间补偿）LTPS（Low Temperature Polysilicon，低温多硅显示器）MALS（Multi Astigmatism Lens System，多重散光聚焦系统）MDA（Monochrome Adapter，单色设备）Monochrome Monitor（单色显示器）MS: Magnetic Sensors（磁场感应器）MVA（multi-domain vertical alignment，广域垂直液晶队列）OEL（organic electro-luminescent，有机电镀冷光）OLED（Organic light-emitting diode，有机电激发光显示器）OSD（On Screen Display，同屏显示）PAC（psycho-acoustic compensation，心理声学补偿）P&D（Plug and Display，即插即显）PDP（Plasma Display Panel，等离子显示器）Porous Tungsten（活性钨）PPI（Pixel Per Inch，像素／英寸）RGB（Red、Blue、Green，红、蓝、绿三原色）ROP（raster operations，光栅操作）RSDS: Reduced Swing Differential Signal（小幅度摆动差动信号）SC（Screen Coatings，屏幕涂层）Single Ended（单终结）Shadow Mask（点状阴罩）SXGA（Super eXtended Graphics Array，超级扩展型图形阵列）STN（Super Twisted Nematic，超扭曲向列，无源矩阵）TCO（The Swedish Confederation of Professional Employees，瑞典专业工作人员联合会）TDT（Timeing Detection Table，数据测定表）TMDS（Transition Minimized Differential Signaling，转换极低损耗微分信号）TN（Twisted Nematic，扭曲液晶向列，无源矩阵LCD）TN+film（twisted nematic and retardation film，扭曲液晶向列+延迟薄膜）TICRG: Tungsten Impregnated Cathode Ray Gun（钨传输阴级射线枪）TFT（thin film transistor，薄膜晶体管，有源矩阵LCD）Trinitron（特丽珑）UCC（Ultra Clear Coatings，超清晰涂层）UFB（Ultra-Fine&Bright，新概念超亮度液晶显示屏）UXGA (Ultra Extended Graphics Array，极速扩展图形阵列）VAGP: Variable Aperature Grille Pitch（可变间距光栅）VBI: Vertical Blanking Interval（垂直空白间隙）VESA（Video Electronics Standards Association，视频电子标准协会）VGA（video graphics array，视频图像阵列）VDT（Video Display Terminals，视频显示终端）VRR: Vertical Refresh Rate（垂直扫描频率）VW（Virtual Window，虚拟视窗）XGA（eXtended Graphics Array，扩展型图形阵列）YUV（亮度和色差信号）4、视频3D：Three Dimensional，三维3DCG（3D computer graphics，三维计算机图形）3DS（3D SubSystem，三维子系统）A-Buffer（Accumulation Buffer，积聚缓冲）AA（Accuview Antialiasing，高精度抗锯齿）ADC（Analog to Digital Converter，模数传换器）ADI（Adaptive De-Interlacing，自适应交错化技术）AE（Atmospheric Effects，大气雾化效果）AFC（Advanced Frame Capture、高级画面捕获）AFR（Alternate Frame Rendering，交替渲染技术）Anisotropic Filtering（各向异性过滤）APPE（Advanced Packet Parsing Engine，增强形帧解析引擎）AR（Auto-Resume，自动恢复）AST（amorphous-silicon TFT，非晶硅薄膜晶体管）AV（Analog Video，模拟视频）AV（Audio & Video，音频和视频）B Splines（B样条）BAC（Bad Angle Case，边角损坏采样）Back Buffer，后置缓冲Backface culling（隐面消除）Battle for Eyeballs（眼球大战，各3D图形芯片公司为了争夺用户而作的竞争）Bilinear Filtering（双线性过滤）B.O.D.E（Body、Object、Design、Envioment，人体、物体、设计、环境渲染自动识别）BSP（Binary Space Partitioning，二进制空间分区）CBMC（Crossbar based memory controller，内存控制交叉装置）CBU（color blending unit，色彩混和单位）CEA（Critical Edge Angles，临界边角）CEM（cube environment mapping，立方环境映射）CG（C for Graphics/GPU，用于图形/GPU的可编程语言）CG（Computer Graphics，计算机生成图像）Clipping（剪贴纹理）Clock Synthesizer，时钟合成器compressed textures（压缩纹理）Concurrent Command Engine，协作命令引擎CSC（Colorspace Conversion，色彩空间转换）CSG (constructive solid geometry，建设立体几何）CSS（Content Scrambling System，内容不规则加密）DAC（Digital to Analog Converter，数模传换器）DCD（Directional Correlational De-interlacing，方向关联解交错）DCT（Display Compression Technology，显示压缩技术）DDC（Dynamic Depth Cueing，动态深度暗示）图像DDP（Digital Display Port，数字输出端口）DDS（Direct Draw Surface，直接绘画表面）Decal（印花法，用于生成一些半透明效果，如：鲜血飞溅的场面）DFP（Digital Flat Panel，数字式平面显示器）DFS: Dynamic Flat Shading（动态平面描影）,可用作加速Dithering（抖动）Directional Light，方向性光源DM（Displacement mapping，位移贴图）DME（Direct Memory Execute，直接内存执行）DOF（Depth of Field，多重境深）dot texture blending（点型纹理混和）DOT3（Dot product 3 bump mapping，点乘积凹凸映射）Double Buffering（双缓冲区）DPBM（Dot Product Bump Mapping，点乘积凹凸映射）DQUICK（DVD Qualification and Integration Kit，DVD资格和综合工具包）DRA（deferred rendering architecture，延迟渲染架构）DRI（Direct Rendering Infrastructure，基层直接渲染）DSP（Dual Streams Processor，双重流处理器）DVC（Digital Vibrance Control，数字振动控制）DVI（Digital Video Interface，数字视频接口）DVMT（Dynamic Video Memory Technology，动态视频内存技术）DxR: DynamicXTended Resolution（动态可扩展分辨率）DXTC（Direct X Texture Compress，DirectX纹理压缩，以S3TC为基础）Dynamic Z-buffering（动态Z轴缓冲区）,显示物体远近,可用作远景E-DDC（Enhanced Display Data Channel，增强形视频数据通道协议，定义了显示输出与主系统之间的通讯通道，能提高显示输出的画面质量）Edge Anti－aliasing（边缘抗锯齿失真）E-EDID（Enhanced Extended Identification Data，增强形扩充身份辨识数据，定义了电脑通讯视频主系统的数据格式）eFB（embedded Frame Buffer，嵌入式帧缓冲）eTM（embedded Texture Buffer，嵌入式纹理缓冲）Execute Buffers，执行缓冲区Embosing，浮雕EMBM（environment mapped bump mapping，环境凹凸映射）Extended Burst Transactions，增强式突发处理Factor Alpha Blending（因子阿尔法混合）Fast Z-clear，快速Z缓冲清除FB（fragment buffer，片段缓冲）FL（fragment list，片段列表）FW（Fast Write，快写，AGP总线的特殊功能）Front Buffer，前置缓冲Flat（平面描影）FL（Function Lookup，功能查找）FMC（Frictionless Memory Control，无阻内存控制）Frames rate is King（帧数为王）FRC（Frame Rate Control，帧率控制）FSAA（Full Scene/Screen Anti－aliasing，全景/屏幕抗锯齿）Fog（雾化效果）flip double buffered（反转双缓存）fog table quality（雾化表画质）F-Buffer（Fragment Stream FIFO Buffer，片段流先入先出缓冲区）GPT（Graphics Performance Toolkit，图形性能工具包）FRJS（Fully Random Jittered Super-Sampling，完全随机移动式超级采样）Fur（软毛效果）GART（Graphic Address Remappng Table，图形地址重绘表）GI（Global Illumination，球形光照）GIC（Gold Immersion Coating，化金涂布技术，纯金材质作为PCB最终层，提升信号完整性）GIF（Graphics Interchange Format，图像交换格式）Gouraud Shading，高洛德描影，也称为内插法均匀涂色GPU（Graphics Processing Unit，图形处理器）GTF（Generalized Timing Formula，一般程序时间，定义了产生画面所需要的时间，包括了诸如画面刷新率等）GTS（Giga Textel Sharder，十亿像素填充率）Guard Band Support（支持保护带）HAL（Hardware Abstraction Layer，硬件抽像化层）HDR（High Dynamic Range，高级动态范围）HDRL（high dynamic-range lighting，高动态范围光线）HDVP（High-Definition Video Processor，高精度视频处理器）HEL: Hardware Emulation Layer（硬件模拟层）HLSL（High Level Shading Language，高级描影语言）HMC（hardware motion compensation，硬件运动补偿）Hierarchical Z（Z分级）high triangle count（复杂三角形计数）HOS（Higher-Order Surfaces，高次序表面）HPDR（High-Precision Dynamic-Range，高精度动态范围）HRAA（High Resolution Anti－aliasing，高分辨率抗锯齿）HSI（High Speed Interconnect，高速内连）HSR（Hidden Surface Removal，隐藏表面移除）HTP（Hyper Texel Pipeline，超级像素管道）HWMC（Hardware Motion Compensation，硬件运动补偿）ICD（Installable Client Driver，可安装客户端驱动程序）iDCT（inverse Discrete Cosine Transformation，负离散余弦转换）IDE（Integrated Development Environment，集成开发环境）Immediate Mode，直接模式IMMT（Intelligent Memory Manager Technology，智能内存管理技术）Imposters（诈欺模型）IPEAK GPT（Intel Performance Evaluation and Analysis Kit - Graphics Performance Toolkit，英特尔性能评估和分析套件 - 图形性能工具包）IPPR: Image Processing and Pattern Recognition（图像处理和模式识别）IR（Immediate Rendering，直接渲染）IRA（immediate-mode rendering architecture，即时渲染架构）IQ（inverse quantization，反转量子化）ITC（Internal True Color，内部真彩色）IVC（Indexed Vertex Cache，索引顶点缓存）JFAA（Jitter Free Anti Aliasing，自由跳跃进抗锯齿）JGSS（Jittered Grid Super-Sampling，移动式栅格超级采样）JPRS（Jittered pseudo random sampling，抖动假取样）Key Frame Interpolation，关键帧插补large textures（大型纹理）LE（low end，低端）LF（Linear Filtering，线性过滤，即双线性过滤）LFB（Linear Frame-Buffer，线性帧缓冲）LFM（Light Field Mapping，光照区域贴图）lighting（光源）lightmap（光线映射）LMA（Lightspeed memory Architecture，光速内存架构）Local Peripheral Bus（局域边缘总线）LOD（Levels-of-Detail，细节级）Lossless Z Compression，无损Z压缩LPF（Low-past filter，低通道滤波器）LSR（Light Shaft Rendering，光线轴渲染）mipmapping（MIP映射）MAC（Mediocre Angle Case，普通角采样）Matrix Vertex Blending，矩阵顶点混和MCM（Multichip Module，多芯片模块）Membrane lighting，隔膜光线Mipmap LOD Bias Adjustment（映射LOD偏移调节）Modulate（调制混合）Motion Compensation，动态补偿motion blur（模糊移动）MPPS：Million Pixels Per Second，百万个像素/秒MRT（Multiple Render Targets，多重渲染目标）MSAA（multisampling Scene/Screen Anti－aliasing，多重采样抗锯齿）Multiplicative Texture Blending（乘法纹理混合）Multi-Resolution Mesh，多重分辨率组合Multi Threaded Bus Master，多线程主控Multitexture（多重纹理）MVSD（Motion Vector Steered de-interlacing，移动向量控制解交错）MXM（Mobile PCI Express Module，移动PCI Express模块）NURBS（Non Uniform Relational B Splines，非统一相关B样条）nerest Mipmap（邻近MIP映射，又叫点采样技术）NGP（Next-Generation Graphics Port，下一代图形接口）NSR（nVidia Shading Rasterizer，nVidia描影光栅引擎）NXL（NVIDIA XPress Link，nViadia X紧迫链路）OGSS（Ordered Grid Super-Sampling，顺序栅格超级采样）ORB（Online ResultBrowser，在线分数浏览）OTES（Outside Thermal Exhaust System，向外热排气系统）Overdraw（透支，全景渲染造成的浪费）partial texture downloads（并行纹理传输）Parallel Processing Perspective Engine（平行透视处理器）。

常用计算机专业缩写术语

常用计算机专业缩写术语MTBF,即平均无故障时间1．DSL 数字用户线路2．ADSL 非对称数字用户线路3．ISP 因特网服务提供商4．B/S 浏览器/服务器5．C/S 客户端/服务器6．URL 统一资源定位器7．HTML 超文本标记语言8．TLD 顶级域名9．E-Mail 电子邮件10.IM 即时通信11.FTP 文件传输协议12.HTTP 超文本传输协议13.WW 万维网14.OS 操作系统15.GUI 图形用户界面16.IT 信息技术17.DBMS 数据库管理系统18.DB 数据库19.NOS 网络操作系统20.PDA 个人数字助理21.ASCII 美国标准信息交换代码22.EBCDIC 扩充的二进制编码的十进制交换码23.CPU 中央处理器24.ALU 算术逻辑单元25.CU 控制单元26.RAM 随机存储器27.ROM只读存储器28.BIOS基本输入输出系29.CMOS 互补金属氧化物半导体30.DRAM 动态随机存储器31.SDRAM 同步动态随机存储器32.NIC 网络接口卡33.ISA 工业标准结构总线34.PCI 外设连接接口35.AGP 图形加速器端口B 通用串行总线37.MIDI 音乐设备数字接口38.I/O 输入输出设备39.OSI 开放互联参考模型40.TELNET 远程登录41.CAI 计算机辅助教学42.CAD 计算机辅助设计43.CAM 计算机辅助制造44.CAT 计算机辅助测试45.OLE 对象链接与嵌入46.SQL 结构化数据查询语言47.DDL 动态链接库48.GSM 数字通信49.CDMA 码分多址传输技术50.VCD 视频压缩光盘51.DVD 数字视频光盘52.UPS 不间断电源53.DOS 磁盘操作系统54.FAT 文件分配表55.OOP 面向对象程序设计56.CSS 层叠格式表57.XML 可扩展标记语言58.ARP 地址解析协议59.ATM 异步传输模式60.MAN 城域网N 局域网62.WAN 广域网63.MIPS 每秒百万次指令64.RGB 红绿蓝65.WCDMA 宽带码分多址传输技术66.HUB 集线器67.OA 办公自动化68.ODBC 开放数据库连接69.BBS 公告牌系统70.SMTP 简单邮件传输协议71.IIS 信息服务器72.P-P 即插即用73.OO 面向对象74.RIP 路由选择信息协议75.ISDN 综合业务数字网76.IRQ 终端请求77.PPP 点到点协议78.ISA 工业标准结构79.CGI 公共网关接口80.VRML 虚拟现实模型语言81.ICQ 网上寻呼82.CD-ROM光盘驱动器83. EBCDIC 扩展的二进制编码十进制交换码84.ODBC 开放数据库连接。