4.4不用或省略冠词的情况

4.4不用或省略冠词的情况
4.4.1 零冠词
在不少情况下，名词前不加冠词，可以称作零冠词（zero article）。

除上面谈到一些不用冠词的情况，还有下面这些值得注意：
1）当一个名词用作表语或同位语等表示一个领导职位时，前面常不加冠词（也可说省略掉冠词）：
In 1993 bill Clinton because (the) president of the United States.
He is still head of the organization.
This is professor Brock bank, head of the history department.
He succeeded his father as president of the company.
This is mr.kirk, director of the department of African affairs.
They appointed him minister to a foreign country.
尽管指普通员工，某些职务名称前也有不加冠词的趋势：
I’m coming back to take the job of foreign editor.
She worked as correspondent to a local newspaper.
在turn后的表语都不带冠词：
He was conservative but he turned socialist.
He has turned title of reporter.
That officer holds the rank of captain.
2）个体名词抽象化后，前面也不加冠词：
He has to get ready for college.
They decided to send their son to university.
We were at school together.
It was too early for bad.
There’s room for three more.
What time does church begin?
You should go into hospital at once.
The trees were all in flower.
The thief was sent to prison for a year.
She went by bus(boat/plane/car).
在大量短语中的名词前不加冠词，如：
From beginning to end from head to foot
From day to day from time to time
Year after year in case of
In place of on foot(holiday)
Make fun of make room for
3）表示季节、月份、日期的名词前一般不加冠词：
Spring was at hand.
She was born in April.
He is arriving on Monday.
October 1st is our national day.
如果有限定语修饰，则应加定冠词：
Nanchang uprising took place on the 1st of august,1927.
It happened in the summer of 1937.
4）在daybreak, dusk, dawn, noon, midnight, sunset ,sunrise这类名词前通常不加冠词：At daybreak we started on our journey.
The attack came just before dawn.
At dust the lights of the city come on.
The workers ate fast food at noon.
It’s getting on for midnight.
We left home at sunrise.
After sunset, the sky darkened rapidly.
Before daylight is started to drizzle.
偶尔前面可加定冠词：
The dawn here in the mountains is beautiful.
One cannot see very far in the dusk.
5）在呼语、家人及亲属名称后常不加冠词：
Be quiet, children!
Thank you, sir
Can I help you, ma’am(madam).
Can I get you anything to drink, father?
Mother is with grandma.
Auntie is the kitchen.
Big sister is playing chess with uncle.
甚至cook，nurse这样的词有时看作家庭成员，前面也可不加冠词：
Come quickly, nurse.
6）在一些并列名词前，常可不加冠词，如：
Mother and child are doing fine.
When host and quest appeared, they received a standing ovation.
Father and son went to New York by a morning train.
It has handed down from father to son for many generations.
He went head over heels into the water.
I cannot make head or tail of your letter.
此外还有不少这类并列词组，如：
Shoulder to shoulder side by side
Hand in hand arm in arm
Tit for tat step by step
Back to back face to face
Heart and soul heart-to –heart
4.4.2 冠词省略的情况
在一些情况下冠词常常省略，如：
1）新闻标题
(The) city congress (is) to be in session Friday.
(A) Hotel fire disaster.
2）通知说明
(The) lift (is) out of order.
Cut along (the) dotted line.
3）提纲
(The)Algerian crisis led to (the) downfall of (the) French government in may 1958.
(the)cause of world war two; massive re-armament,(the)invasion…
4）剧本提示
Vossilisa(open door quickly; to Alyushka): you here again?
Exit into garden.
5）书名
(an) Outline political history of the Americas
(The)BBC English dictionary。