高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试卷

绝密★考试结束前2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语国家概况试卷(课程代码 00522)本试卷共8页，满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。

考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。

答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。

2．第一部分为选择题。

必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

3．第二部分为非选择题。

必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。

4．合理安排答题空阀，超出答题区域无效。

第一部分选择题ⅠMULTIPLE CHOICERead the following unfinished statement or questions each unfinished statement or question,four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.(50 points,1 point each)Vikings,who came from ,atacked carious parts of England from the end of the 8th century.Celts began to arrive at Britain around and kept coming until the arrical of the Romans.the Bristish kings, was known as “the confessor”because of his religious piety.Ⅱ AlfredHarold EdwardDomesday Book states all the following EXCEPT .history of the land ownership of the landvalue of the land extent of the landspirit of Magna Carta was .increasing of the powers of serfslimitation of the powers of the kingincreasing of the powers of the Church.limitation of the powers of the Church.causes of the Hundred Years’s War was partly and partly economic.British history,the First Civil War broke out in .main causes for Henry Ⅷ’s religious reform of the Church were the following EXCEPT .from the pope’s need for moneydesire for change and reform in the Churchresentment for the pricvilege and wealth of the clergy9. was the only monarch that was condemned to death and executed in British history.ⅠⅡⅠⅡgood result of the argricultural enclosure was that .were ecicred from their lands.erupted in many areas where the peasant farmers wentnew class hostility was introduced into tural relationshiosbecame bigger and bigger units as the great bought up the smallIndustrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social and economic organization in Britain in the .16th century and early 17th century17th century and early 18th century18th century and early 19th century19th century and early 20th centuryof the following is TRUE about Britain in World War Ⅱ?lost all her natonal wealth .was left gravely impoverished.devoted half of her strength to the war.entered a period of economic and financial boom.13. ,who found that his policy of appeasement of German aggression was no longer tenable ,was forced to declare war on Germany on Setember 3,1939.ⅥⅡJanuary 1973,Britain finally because a full member of the .Economic CommunityAtlantic Treaty Organizationof Petroleum Exportiong Countriesinterval between General Elections in the years.two major parties in Britain since 1945 are .Whig Party and the Tory PartyLabor Party and the Liberal Party.Labor Party and the Conservative Party.Conservative Party and the Liberal Partythe .,government ministers are responsible collectively to for all Cabinet decisions.Queen ParliamentPrivy Council Prime MinisterBritain, is the largest of the Free Churches ,originated in the 18th century following the evangelical revival under John Wesley(1703-1791).Methodist Church Baptist ChurchChurch of England Church of Scotlandof the following is NOT a feature of the Open University?is a non-residential university.is open to all to become students.admits students only from Britain.offers degree and other courses for adult students of all ages.20. ,the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe,has its traditional home in England.21. In the late 15th century, supported by the Spanish Queen,Christopher Columbus, ,discovered the New World.Italian navigator Danish navigatorEnglish navigator Portuguese navigator22. One of the features of the early colonists which play a role in the formation of American character is .intoleranceof individual rightsform of governmentof individual enterprise23. In September 1783, was signed and Britain recognized the independence of the United States.Articles of Confederation Bill of RightsDeclaration of independence Treaty of ParisArticles of confedration was very important in all the following Except that . provided for no king.declared independence from Great Britain.was a written constitution for the United States.created a central government in the form of a Congress.American Civil War broke out mainly because .Lincoln was elected presidentBeecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin was publishedsouthern states controlled land ,raw materials and labor tha the North neededsouthern states broke away from the Union and formed the Confederate State of America 26. On August 4,1914,American President issued an official statement proclaiming American neutrality in the First World War.Truman RooseveltWilsonthe .,the first blow to the stock market came on October 24,1929,which wascalled .black Monday black Fridayblack Thursday black Tuesday28. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to .social security systemsgovernment regulation and controlindustries from deceloping too fastD.“save American democracy”as the himself put itAmerican containment policy towards the Soviet Union ,made by President Truman in 1949,lasted until .30. was the result of struggle between the great powers for control of the world and military expansion of the countries of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy and militarist Japan.Cold War Korean WarFirst World War Second World War31. was NOT a comerstone of the postwar American Economic boom.investment in agricultureever-increasing military spendingmanufacturing for the growing new communitiesconstruction boom to provide houses and schools for all children32. In Feberuary 1972, President visited China and met Chairman Mao and the two coutntries issued the Shanghai Communique.the postwar years the United States continued to emphasize government involvement and adopted the in running the economy.theory theoryDoctrine policiesfrom the stagnation,the American economy is now facing another problem of . debts and trade deficit debts and trade surplusand trade deficit and trade surplusthree giants in auto industry in the .Motors,Fotors,Ford,ChryslerMotors,Toyota,ChrslerMotors,Nissan,ChryslerMotors,Volkswagen,Chrysler36. According to the provisions for constitutional amendment,the Congress may initiate an amendment by a vote in each house.order to be successful,a candidate for the must receive at least ecectoral votes.ambassadors,ministers and consuls appointed by the must be confirmed by the .Court Departmentstatement about the American political parties in NOT true?general,America has a two-party system.Constitution makes no provisions for political parties.parties are the basis of the American political system.Democrats and the Republicans dominate politics only at the federal level.40. were those American writers who reported truthfully and objectively the lifein the slums in the last decades of the 19th century and first decade of the 20th century.Prairie Provinces which lie west of Ontario are ideal for and are thinlysettled.wheat42. After the Seven Years’War from 1756 to 1763,the French were forced to give up Of Canada to Britain.eastwhole northwestthe Statute of Westminster in 1931,Canada .Newfoundland as its tenth provincea member of the Commonwealth of Nationsrich oil dields in Alberta and other western procincesthe Seaway for further growth in economy1921the British signed the Anglo-Irish Treaty to .a civil warIreland out of World WarⅡthe Irish Republican Armyan Irish Free State in Northern IrelandⅧ was the first king to bring all under English control.of Australia lies between 20℃ and 35℃ which is a area in the world.and wet and dryand windy and sunnyAustralia,traffic drives on the of the road.lineside sideAustralia,as people with different traditions and customs interact with each other,a peculiar blend of different will be emerging.Lake of Taupo was formed by a(n) .tsunami floodearthquake volcanic eruption,earthquakes in New Zealand do not usually cause many deaths.land is hillyare many mountain lakesareas of the country are not heavily populatedcentral plateau in North Island is dominated by 3 volcanic mountains第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSGive a one-sentence answer to each of the following your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. (30 Points,3 points each)was one of the most far-reaching consequences of the Second World War to Britain? is the current heir to the British throne according to law and convention?kind of service does the National Health Service(NHS)provide in the .?does Oxbridge stand for?is the major difference between the Puritans and the Pilgrims in American colonial times?important proclamation did Predident Lincoln issue to make the Civil War a just one ? is the basic instrument of American government and the supreme law of the land? is America’s most important patriotic holiday?is the name of the radio educational system through which children learn their lessons in Australia?how many states and territories does Anstralia have?Ⅲ.TERM EXPLANATIONExplain each of the following terms in your answer in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words.(20 points,5 points each)DeathListCuban Missile Crisis。