毕业设计(论文)-马路清扫车设计

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摘要

发动机是汽车的中枢。保洁车采用的是直列四缸汽油发动机，其结构简单、维修方便、造价低廉、工作可靠、宽度小、易布置。冷却方式采用风冷，系统简单、维修简便，与水冷相比，省去了消耗铜材的水箱。摩擦式离合器其工作原理是在动力传递路线上的输出和输入端设计有主动和从动两块摩擦盘，通过摩擦盘的结合来控制动力的传导和切断。发动机产生的转矩在实际使用的转速范围内几乎没有变化，所以当起步或上坡时，可通过大幅度降低转速来增加转矩，发挥这种作用的装置就是变速器。对称式锥齿轮普通差速器由行星齿轮、半轴齿轮、行星齿轮轴和速器壳等组成，是一个差速传动机构，用来保证各驱动轮在各种运动条件下的动力传递，避免轮胎与地面间的打滑。

关键词：发动机；离合器；变速器；差速器

ABSTRACT

Engine is the center of automobile. The insure clean vehicle to adopt is the 4 straight row gasoline engines of big jar, its structure is simple , maintenance convenience and cost are cheap , work is reliable , width is little, easy to arrange. It is air-cooling, system is simple , has simple to service, and is water-cooling to compare , economize consumes the water tank of copper material. Its friction type clutch working principle is when power transmits the export and input end design on route have is active and driven move two pieces of friction plate, the conduct that passes through the combination of friction plate to control power and cut off. In the scope of rotational speed and that torque uses in reality that engine produces do not change , so when start or go to slope , the installation that may increase torque through reducing rotational speed substantially and plays this equipment is transmission. The symmetrical type ordinary differential have bevel gear is a bad fast main transfer machinery by the compositions such as planet gear, the gear of axle shaft, axes of planet gear and differential shell , transmits used for the power to guarantee that host wheel motivity transfer each in various drive conditions , avoids that the skid between tyre and ground.

Keywords：Engine；Clutch；Transmission；Differential

目 录

1 绪论 (1)

1.1课题背景 (1)

1.1.1保洁车简介 (1)

1.1.2保洁车的组成 (1)

1.2课题相关研究 (1)

1.3课题意义及本文主要工作 (1)

1.3.1选题的意义 (1)

1.3.2本文主要工作及结构 ............................................ 1 2 汽车草图布置 . (2)

2.1搜集和绘制有关总成部件的外形图 (2)

2.2基准线的选择及其画法 (2)

2.2.1车架上平线 (2)

2.2.2前轮中心线 (2)

2.2.3汽车中心线 (2)

2.2.4地面线 (2)

2.2.5前轮铅垂线 (2)

2.3车厢及驾驶室的布置 (3)

2.4垃圾箱布置 ....................................................... 4 3 汽车主要参数的选择 . (5)

3.1汽车主要尺寸参数的选择 (5)

3.1.1轴距L (5)

3.1.2 前、后轮距B 1与B 2 (5)

3.1.3汽车外轮廓尺寸 (5)

3.1.4汽车的前悬F L 和后悬R L (5)

3.2汽车质量参数的确定 (6)

3.2.1汽车的装载量G m (6)

3.2.2汽车的整备质量0m (6)

3.2.3汽车的总质量 (6)

3.2.4汽车的整备质量利用系数0m (6)

3.2.5汽车的轴荷分配 (6)

3.3汽车主要性能参数的选择 (6)

3.3.1汽车的动力性参数 (6)

3.3.2汽车的燃料经济性参数 (7)

3.3.3汽车的机动性参数 (7)

3.3.4汽车操纵稳定性参数 ............................................ 8 4 发动机的选型 . (9)