《雷雨》具有争议性的人物形象分析

《雷雨》具有争议性的人物形象分析

——《雷雨》中的人物形象分析

中文摘要

曹禺在《雷雨》中塑造了一批个性鲜明、性格独特的人物形象，其中蘩漪和周朴园这两个人物形象是其中最有戏又最有争议的人物，以往的评论绝大部分是褒蘩漪而贬周朴园，赞美蘩漪为追求自由和爱情而献身的精神，肯定她对封建势力及其观念作出的勇敢反叛，过分美化了蘩漪的形象；而对周朴园则是只贬不褒，往往是一片谴责和否定，将他定性为“封建暴君”，“专制魔王"，是这一出惨烈悲剧的制造者，是冷酷自私的伪善者，可谓是过分丑化了周朴园的形象。近年来情况有所改观，有些评论肯定了周朴园，认为他是值得同情的受害者；否定了蘩漪，认为她是离经叛道的变态复仇者。本人认为这些评论有的还是比较片面的。尊重文本，对这两个人物形象作了浅入分析，返璞归真，肯定了周朴园对侍萍的怀念、对蘩漪的关心，分析了周朴园认出侍萍后的言行是出于其本能的自我保护意识，其本能和良知产生剧烈碰撞，揭示了周朴园复杂矛盾的思想性格，指出他的本性是善良的，愿望是美好的，是剧本中最具悲剧性的人物形象，否定了他封建家长的专制统治和资本家的反动本质；肯定了蘩漪的反抗精神和对幸福爱情的追求，否定了蘩漪的个性解放和反封建思想，指出其只是具有新女性的表象，本质仍是旧女性。同时从两方面揭示了产生争议的原因：一方面是作家的人生经历、情感体验和创作意图与创作实际发生偏差。另一方面是读者受时代和思想观念的影响，有的人从阶级观念出发，站在自身阶级的立场上肢解人物形象，并有盲目跟风的

情形；随着时代的发展，有的读者思想解放，张扬个性，从人性论出发，得出了与传统观点、与作者完全相反的结论，虽然标新立异却不够成熟，也有些矫枉过正。新的形势下人物形象的分析应尊重文本，返璞归真。

关键词：《雷雨》人物形象分析

——Analysis of Controversial images in Thunderstorm Abstract

CAO Yu，the author of the famous novel thunderstorm，produces quite a few characters with individual and unique personalities，among whom Fanyi and Zhou Puyuan are the most dramatic and controversial．The previous remarks tO them were subject to praise the former and diminish the latter．Fanyi was admired for her spirits of seeking freedom and devoting to love and her brave resistance against feudalism．In this way,her image was over-beautified．When it came to Zhou Puyuan，however,they just condemned him as a“feudal tyrant”，“autocratic monster'’，or“origin of crime’’who produced the whole tragedy．Therefore，his image was over-uglified．Although the situation has been changed to some extent over recent years，many of the remarks are still unpractical and unfair．This paper makes a deep analysis of the two characters based on the text，

and negates Fanyi’S spirits for individualism and against feudalism，pointing out that she is still a woman of old times in essence despite of her new-times-woman image．Meanwhile，it affirms that Zhou Puyuan is missing Siping and caring Fanyi，and that his behaviors after recognizing Siping are due to his instinctive self--protective intention，and reveals his complicated and paradoxical characteristics，pointing out that he，with a kind heart and good wishes，is the most tragic image in this play．Meanwhile，the reasons for the controversy are revealed in two aspects：on one hand，there are some biases between the author’S personal experiences，feelings，and productive intention and his practical creation． On the other hand，influenced by the time and class，some of the readers dismember the characteristics based on their own class，and even go with the stream blindly．As time goes on，some open-minded and distinctive readers have used the theory of human nature to get conclusions against the traditional points or even the author,which is absolutely new but immature，sometimes overcorrects the previous．In the new situation，the characteristics should be analyzed based on the text in order to find out the original．

Keywords：thunderstorm，character image，controversy，analysis