实验动物学总结
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三 实验动物的重要性
(一)实验动物是生命科学研究的支撑条件之一 生命科学实验研究的四个支撑条件----AEIR要素 A:Animal:实验动物; E:Equipment:仪器设备; I: Information:信息; R:Reagent:试剂;
(二)实验动物在生命科学研究中被广泛应用,很多重要 的科研成果来源于实验动物
第二章 实验动物标准化
实验动物标准化的意义: 实验、工作人员的健康和生命的保证 动物生产和繁殖的保证 实验结果准确性、规律性、重复性的保证
wenku.baidu.com
内容: 按工作程序实验动物标准化划分为: ❖ 实验动物生产条件标准化 ❖ 实验动物质量标准化 ❖ 动物实验条件标准化
对应三种合格证
实验动物质量标准化的内容 一、实验动物微生物学的控制 二、实验动物遗传质量的控制 三、实验动物环境的控制 四、实验动物营养的控制
实验动物标准化的实施
一、法规体系 ❖《实验动物管理条例》,88年,国家科 委颁布,国务院批准。 ❖ 《2019版国家标准》,2019年5月1日 起实施。 国家质量技术监督检疫检验总 局。 ❖《实验动物质量管理办法》,97年,国 家科委、国家技术监督局联合制定。
❖国家实验动物种子中心管理办法》,98 年,国家科技部。
(三)实验动物是人类的替身,起着“活 的天秤”和“活的化学试剂”的作用
(四)实验动物工作实行法制化管理
动物福利的重要性
Importance of Proper Animal Care
Your primary responsibility when working with laboratory animals is to treat them humanely. With that in mind, the major challenge is to manage the animals in a way that minimizes their exposure to pain and distress and maintains the integrity of their physiological functions to facilitate the generation of reliable research data. This course will teach you how the proper treatment of animals carries the added benefit of minimizing the introduction of unwanted variables into the research process.
Alleviating Pain and Distress
Animals, like humans, can be expected to generate a stress response to novel stimuli. Handling animals very early in life, even as new-borns, to "gentle them" is a procedure that has been widely used on a variety of species to familiarize the animals with the handling process. When animals are trained this way to associate handling with pleasant circumstances they are much less likely to generate a stress response later in life when they are handled.
Pain and Distress
There is also a pragmatic point of scientific logic that supports minimizing the exposure of research animals to experimental pain or distress. Animals respond to pain and distress with changes in their normal physiology which can skew data being collected.
(二)研究范围(续)
5. 实验动物饲养管理(Laboratory animal husbandry) 6. 实验动物医学(Laboratory animal medicine) 7. 比较医学(Comparative medicine) 8. 动物实验(Animal experimental techniques)
❖《国家啮齿类实验动物种子中心引种、供 种实施细则》,98年,科技部。
❖《实验动物许可证管理办法(试行)》, 2019年,7部门联合颁发。 ❖各部门法规
Alternatives
The Three Rs:
Reduction: Reductions in the numbers of animals used to obtain information of a certain amount and precision. Refinement: Decrease in the incidence or severity of pain and distress in those animals that are used. Replacement: Substitution of insentient material for animals or substitution of a lower species, which might be less sensitive to pain and distress, for a higher species.