人教版八年级上册英语第三单元知识点

Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister.
一、重点短语
1.more outgoing 更外向
2.as…as… 与…… 一样……
3.care about 关心；介意
4.the singing competition 唱歌比赛
5.be similar to 与…… 相像的/ 类似的
6. be good with 善于与…… 相处
7.the same as 和…… 相同；与…… 一致8. be different from 与…… 不同9.be good at 擅长……10.be like a mirror 像一面镜子11.the most important 最重要的12.as long as 只要；既然
13.bring out 使显现；使表现出14.get better grades 取得更好的成绩
15.reach for 伸手取16.in fact 事实上；实际上17.make friends 交朋友
18.the other 其他的
二、习惯用法
1. as+ adj./adv. 的原级+as 与…… 一样……
2.It’s+ adj.+for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事…… 的。

3.have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣be good at doing sth 擅长做某事
4.make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事want to do sth. 想要做某事
5.as…( 原级)as 与…… 一样…… not as/so…as 不如
三、词语辨析：
1. laugh v. & n. 笑
We all laughed loudly when she made a joke. 她说了个笑话，我们都大声笑起来。

We all laughed at his joke. 听了他的笑话我们都笑起来。

He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。

/ 不要高兴得太早。

（与at 连用）laugh at嘲笑
Don’t laugh at him. 别嘲笑他。

People have often laughed at stories told by seamen. 人们常常嘲笑海员所讲的故事。

Everyone laughed at his foolish antics. 大家都笑他那种愚蠢的滑稽动作。

笑；笑声We had a good laugh at his joke. 我们被他的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。

2. though conj.
①虽然；纵然；即使；尽管= although ，都不与but 连用。

Though it was raining ，he went there. 虽然当时正下着雨，他还是到那里去了。

Though he was poor, he was happy. 虽然他很穷却很快乐。

② though adv.. 不过，可是，然而，常用于句末，用逗号隔开。

Jim said that he would come.He didn’t , though.
四、重点句型
1 ．Sam has longer hair than Tom. 萨姆的头发比汤姆的头发长。

（比较级）
2 ．Both Sam and Tom can play the drums. 萨姆和吉姆两个都会敲鼓。

3 ．That's Tara ，isn't it? 那是塔拉，是不是？
4. A good friend likes to do the same things as me. 好朋友喜欢做与我一样的事情（原级）。

5 ．A good friend truly cares about me. 好朋友要真的关心我。

6. But I think friends are like books - you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.
但是我认为朋友就像书一样——只要他们是好的，你就不需要很多。

五、语法：形容词和副词的比较级
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：
1 ）原级（不作比较），修饰词very, so, too, pretty, really ；
2 ）比较级，表示“ 较……” 或“ 更……” 的意思（两者之间进行比较）, 标志词than, A or B, of the two, 修饰词much, a lot, a little ；
3 ）最高级，表示“ 最……” 的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加定冠词the ，后面可带in （of ）短语来什么比较的范围。

书上11
4 页
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级规则变化
构成方法原级比较
级最高级
单音节词和部分双音节词一般在词尾加-er
或-est high，short higher;shorter highest
shortest
以字母e 词尾的词，加-r 或-st late
fine
nice
later
finest
nicer
latest
finest
nicest
重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母，再加-er 或-est hot
big
thin
fat
hotter
bigger
thinner
fatter
hottest
biggest
thinnest
fattest
以“ 辅音字母+y” 结尾的双音节词，先把funny
easy
funnier
easier
funniest
easiest
“y” 改为“i” ，再加-er 或-est early
lovely
friendly
heavy
happy
lazy
earlier
lovelier
friendlier
heavier
happier
lazier
earliest
loveliest
friendliest
heavies t
happiest
laziest
多音节词和部分
双音节词在词前加
more 或
most
beautiful
athletic
outgoing
more
beautiful
more
athletic
more
outgoing
most
beautiful
most
athletic
most
outgoing
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级不规则变化
原级比较级最高级good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most
little less least
far farther （更远）
further （更深远）farthest( 最远) furthest （最深远）
【语法解析】
一．形容词比较级
1. 形容词的原形就是原级；比较级表示较…… 或更…… ；最高级表示最... 。

2. 比较句型: A + be 动词+ 形容词的比较级+than +B
“ A 比B 更……” （注意：A 与B 必须是同级的，即必须是人与人，物与物进行对比）
3. 副词比较级常用的句型结构：
① “A+ 实意动词+ 副词比较级+ than + B” 表示“A 比B…”
②比较A ，B 两人/ 两事物问其中哪一个较… 时用句型；
“Who/which + 谓语动词+ adj./adv. 比较级，A or B ?”
Who is thinner , Jenny or Mary?
4.much, a lot, lots of + 比较级加强语气
a bit, a little + 比较级削弱语气
even, still, far, only + 比较级
5. very, so, too, much too, pretty, quite + 原级
特殊用法
1.“ 比较级+and+ 比较级” ，意为“ 越来越” 。

多音节比较级用“more and more+ 原级”
2. “the+ 比较级(…), the+比较级(…)” 意思是：” 越… 越…”The more, the better.
3. 主is the 形比+of the two+ 名复“ 主语是两者中较...”
4. 两者在某一方面相同：A+ 谓语动词+as+ adj./adv. 原级+ as+ B. Helen is as tall as Amy.
Peter studies as hard as Tom.
表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so+ 形容词或副词原级
+as”
Eg. I am not as tall as my sister.
形容词，副词比较级前的修饰语。

当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。

注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite 等修饰。

例句
1. Who is taller, A or B? Who is the tallest, A, B or C?
2. Lisa is 8 years old, Tom is 6, so Lisa is older than Tom.
3. Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. one of 和序数词都与最高级搭配
4. is the second tallest boy in my class.
5. Shanghai is bigger than the other cities in China.
6. Shanghai is bigger than all the other cities in China.
7. Shangbai is bigger than any other city in China.
8. Shanghai is bigger than any of the other cities in China.
9. Shanghai is bigger than any city in Japan.
10. Bob is the more outgoing of the two boys.
11. Susan is much more beautiful.
12. Alice is quite beautiful.
13. Tom runs as fast as Bob.
14. Tom is as tall as Bob.
15. She is more and more beautiful. 16. She is smarter and smarter.
17. The more exercise you do, The stronger you will be.
18. The more you learn, the better grades you will get.
二、知识点
1.have fun=Have a good time 玩得开心have fun doing sth : 做某事很开心
2. do the same things as me.
the same …as… 表示：与谁一样。

3. A good fried is good at sports. （翻译）be good at… 意为擅长, 其后可接名词、代词或动名词。

同义词组：do well in
4. care about ，意为关心care for 意为关爱;
take care ( 当/ 小心) take good care of ( 照顾)=look after well
5.makes me laugh. ( 翻译) 让我发笑; make sb. do sth. 意为：让某人做某事. His father always makes him wake up before five o’clock.( 让他起床)
make sb. + 形容词：使某人保持某种状态: e.g. My friends always make me happy
6.be li ke“ 就像…”:I am like your sister.
Look like “ 外貌上的像” I look like my sister.
7.That’s why+ 句子：那就是… 的原因/ 那就是为什么…
Eg: 那就是我学习英语的原因：
8.It’s+ 形+ （for sb. ）to do sth. “ 做某事（对某人来说）是... ”
9. make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友
10. as long as 只要；既然，引导条件状语从句, 主将从现。

11. be different from 与…… 不同；be the same as 与…… 相同
12.get better grades 取得更好的成绩。