医学英语常用词汇大全

西医篇：1、医院部门及科室名称2、医务人员名称3、诊断和治疗常用词汇4、常见疾病名称5、常见手术名称6、常用药物名称7、常用护理术语8、常用临床医学术语9、医疗器材10、医学英语快速记忆－后缀11、主要人体系统名称12、医院类型名称13、医学词汇14、医学常用字首与字根1.医院部门及科室名称out-patient department 门诊部In-patient department 住院部Nursing department 护理部Admission office 住院处Discharge office 出院处Registration office 挂号处Reception room, waiting room 侯诊室Consultation room 诊察室Isolation room 隔离室Delivery room 分娩室Emergency room 急诊室Ward 病房室Department of internal medicine 内科Department of surgery 外科Department of pediatrics 儿科Department of obstetrics and gynecology 妇科Department of neurology 神经科Department of ophtalmology 眼科E.N.T.department 耳鼻喉科Department of stomatology 口腔科Department of urology 泌尿科Department of orthopedic 骨科Department of traumatology 创伤科Department of endocrinology 内分泌科Department of anesthesiology 麻醉科Department of dermatology 皮肤科Department of infectious diseases 传染病科Department of pathology 病理科Department of psychiatry 精神科Department of orthopacdic surgery 矫形外科Department of cardiac surgery 心脏外科Department of cerebral surgery 脑外科Department of thoracic surgery 胸外科Pharmacy dispensary 药房Nutrition department 营养部Diet-preparation department 配膳室Therapeutic department 治疗室Operating room/Theater 手术室Blood-bank 血站Supply-room 供应室Disinfection-room 消毒室Dressing room 换药室Mortuary 太平间Record room 病案室Department of plastic surgery 矫形外科Department of physiotherapy 理疗科electrotherapy room 电疗科heliotherapy room 光疗科wax-therapy room 蜡疗科hydrotherapy room 水疗科central laboratory 中心实验室clinical laboratory 临床实验室bacteriological laboratory 细菌实验室biochemical laboratory 生化实验室serological laboratory 血清实验室X-ray room X光室doctor’s office 医生办公室nurse’s office 护士办公室2.医务人员名称director of the hospital 院长physician 内科医师chief physician 主任医师associate chief physician 副主任医师attending doctor 主治医师resident doctor 住院医师intern doctor 实习医师general practitioner 全科医师specialist 专科医师head of the nursing department 护理部主任Head nurse 护士长Student nurse 实习护士E.N.T.doctor 耳鼻喉科医师Ophthalmologist 眼科医师Dentist 牙科医师Orthopedist 骨科医师Dermatologist 皮肤科医师urologist surgeon 泌尿外科医师neurosurgeon 神经外科医师plastic surgeon 矫形外科医师anaesthetist 麻醉科医师Doctor for tuberculosis 结核科医师Physiotherapist 理疗科Doctor for infectious diseases 传染病科Dietician 营养科医师Pediatrician 儿科医师Obstetrician 产科医师Midwife 助产师Gynecologist 妇科医师Radiologist 放射科医师Epidemiologist 流行病医师Pharmacist 药剂医师Assistant pharmacist 药剂医士Laboratory technician 化验员Assistant nurse 卫生员Cleaner 清洁员Controller 总务科长Registrar 挂号员Sanitation worker 消毒员3.诊断和治疗常用词汇inspection 望诊inquiry 问诊auscultation 听诊percussion 扣诊palpation 触诊biopsy 活组织检查pathological section 病理切片endoscopy 内窥镜检查ECG(electrocardiogram) examination 心电图检查EEG(electrocardiogram) examination 脑电图检查Intravenous pyelography 静脉肾盂造影术Skin-test 皮肤试验examination by centesis 穿刺检查routine analysis of blood 血常规分析urine analysis of blood 尿常规分析red blood cell count(RBC) 红细胞计数white blood cell count(WBC) 白细胞计数general check-up 全身检查routine examination 常规检查follow-up examination 随访检查consultation 会诊emergency 急诊diagnosis 诊断prognosis 预后convalescence, recovery 康复relapse 复发treatment 治疗prescribe 开药方fill a prescription 配药injecting 打针hypodermic injection 皮下注射intramuscular injection 肌肉注射intravenous injection 静脉注射inoculating 预防注射fluid infusion 点滴注射blood transfusion 输血dose 剂量tablet 药片capsule 胶囊liquid medicine 药水powder 药粉ointment 药膏（软膏）plaster 硬膏，石膏lotion 洗剂suppository 栓剂analgesics 止痛药antipyetics 退烧药antitussive 止咳药expectorant 祛痰药diuretics 利尿药hemostatic 止血药antidiarrheal 止泄药antipruritic 止痒药antidote 解毒药antirheumatic 抗风湿药anticarcinogen 抗癌药antibiotics 抗菌素anticoagulant 抗凝剂cardiac tonic 强心药vasodilator 血管舒张药vasoconstrictor 血管收缩药antiepileptic 抗癫痫药antispasmodic 解痉药sedative 镇静药anesthetics 麻醉药penicillin 盘尼西林streptomycin 链霉素gentamycin 庆大霉素aspirin 阿斯匹林morphine 吗啡dolantin 杜冷丁iodine 碘酒distilled water 蒸馏水normal saline solution 生理食盐水atropine 阿托品hormone 激素glucose 葡萄糖side effect, adverse effect 副作用operative treatment 手术疗法major operation 大手术minor operation 小手术anesthesia 麻醉general anesthesia 全身麻醉local anesthesia 局部麻醉excision, removal, resection 切除术tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术pneumonectomy 肺切除术mastectomy 乳房切除术gastrectomy 胃切除术cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术hepalobectomy 肝叶切除术splenectomy 脾切除术nephrectomy 肾切除术salpingectomy 输卵管切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术hysteromyomectomy 子宫肌瘤切除术proctectomy 直肠切除术appendectomy 阑尾切除术prostatectomy 前列腺切除术tracheotomy 气管切开术incision of abscess 脓肿切开术craniotomy 颅骨切开thoracotomy 胸廓切开laparotomy 剖腹术amputation 截肢fixation 固定hot compress 热敷cold compress 冷敷gastric lavage 洗胃enema 灌肠urethral catheterication 导尿hemostasis 止血dressing 包扎sew up the incision 缝合切口remove the stitches 拆线cardiac massage 心脏按摩artificial respiration 人工呼吸diet 饮食special diet 特定饮食low protein diet 低蛋白饮食low fat diet 低脂肪饮食low calorie diet 低热量饮食liquid diet 流质饮食semi-liquid diet 半流质饮食solid diet 固体饮食light diet 易消化的饮食vegetable diet 素食4.常见疾病名称Internal Medicine 内科Acidosis 酸中毒Adams-Stokes syndrome 亚－斯氏综合症alcoholism, alcoholic intoxication 酒精中毒alkalosis 碱中毒anaphylaxis 过敏症anemia 贫血iron deficiency anemia 缺铁性贫血megaloblastic anemia 巨幼红细胞性贫血aplastic anemia 再生障碍性贫血angiitis 脉管炎angina pectoris 心绞痛arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化apoplexy 中风auricular fibrillation 心房纤颤auriculo-ventricular block 房室传导阻滞bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘bronchiectasis 支气管扩张bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎carcinoma 癌cardiac arrhythmia 心律紊乱cardiac failure 心力衰竭cardiomyopathy 心肌病cirrhosis 肝硬化coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉硬化性心脏病Crohn disease 克罗恩病Cushing’s syndrome 库欣综合症diabetes 糖尿病diffuse intravascular coagulation 弥散性血管凝血dysentery 痢疾enteritis 肠炎gastric ulcer 胃溃疡gastritis 胃炎gout 痛风hepatitis 肝炎Hodgkin’s disease 霍奇金病hyperlipemia 高脂血症，血脂过多hyperparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能亢进hypersplenism 脾功能亢进hypertension 高血压hyperthyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进hypoglycemia 低血糖hypothyroidism 甲状腺功能减退infective endocarditis 感染性心内膜炎influenza 流感leukemia 白血病lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎lymphadenitis 淋巴结炎lymphoma 淋巴瘤malaria 疟疾malnutrition 营养不良measles 麻疹myeloma 骨髓瘤myocardial infarction 心肌梗死myocarditis 心肌炎nephritis 肾炎nephritic syndrome 肾综合症obstructive pulmonary emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿pancreatitis 胰腺炎peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡pleuritis 胸膜炎pneumonia 肺炎pneumothorax 气胸purpura 紫癜allergic purpura 过敏性紫癜thrombocytolytic purpura 血小板减少性紫癜pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎renal failure 肾功能衰竭rheumatic fever 风湿病rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎scarlet fever 猩红热septicemia 败血症syphilis 梅毒tachycardia 心动过速tumour 肿瘤typhoid 伤寒ulcerative colitis 溃疡性结肠炎upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 上消化道血Neurology 神经科brain abscess 脑脓肿cerebral embolism 脑栓塞cerebral infarction 脑梗死cerebral thrombosis 脑血栓cerebral hemorrhage 脑出血concussion of brain 脑震荡craniocerebral injury 颅脑损伤epilepsy 癫痫intracranial tumour 颅内肿瘤intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿meningitis 脑膜炎migraine 偏头痛neurasthenia 神经衰弱neurosis 神经官能症paranoid psychosis 偏执性精神病Parkinson’s disease 帕金森综合症psychosis 精神病schizophrenia 精神分裂症Surgery 外科abdominal external hernia 腹外疝acute diffuse peritonitis 急性弥漫性腹膜炎acute mastitis 急性乳腺炎acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎acute perforation of gastro-duodenal ulcer急性胃十二指肠溃疡穿孔acute pyelonephritis 急性肾盂肾炎anal fissure 肛裂anal fistula 肛瘘anesthesia 麻醉angioma 血管瘤appendicitis 阑尾炎bleeding of gastro-duodenal ulcer 胃十二指肠溃疡出血bone tumour 骨肿瘤breast adenoma 乳房腺瘤burn 烧伤cancer of breast 乳腺癌carbuncle 痈carcinoma of colon 结肠炎carcinoma of esophagus 食管癌carcinoma of gallbladder 胆囊癌carcinoma of rectum 直肠癌carcinoma of stomach 胃癌cholecystitis 胆囊炎cervical spondylosis 颈椎病choledochitis 胆管炎cholelithiasis 胆石症chondroma 软骨瘤dislocation of joint 关节脱位erysipelas 丹毒fracture 骨折furuncle 疖hemorrhoid 痔hemothorax 血胸hypertrophy of prostate 前列腺肥大intestinal obstruction 肠梗阻intestinal tuberculosis 肠结核lipoma 脂肪瘤lithangiuria 尿路结石liver abscess 肝脓肿melanoma 黑色素瘤osseous tuberculosis 骨结核osteoclastoma 骨巨细胞瘤osteoporosis 骨质疏松症osteosarcoma 骨质疏松症osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤Paget’s disease 佩吉特病perianorecrtal abscess 肛管直肠周围脓肿phlegmon 蜂窝织炎portal hypertension 门静脉高压prostatitis 前列腺炎protrusion of intervertebral disc 椎间盘突出purulent arthritis 化脓性关节炎pyogenic ostcomyclitis 化脓性骨髓炎pyothorax 脓胸rectal polyp 直肠息肉rheumatoid arthritis 类风湿性关节炎rupture of spleen 脾破裂scapulohumeral periarthritis 肩周炎tenosynovitis 腱鞘炎tetanus 破伤风thromboangiitis 血栓性脉管炎thyroid adenocarcinoma 甲状腺腺癌thyroid adenoma 甲状腺腺瘤trauma 创伤urinary infection 泌尿系感染varicose vein of lower limb 下肢静脉曲张Paediatrics 儿科acute military tuberculosis of the lung 急性粟粒性肺结核acute necrotic enteritis 急性坏死性结肠炎anaphylactic purpura 过敏性紫癜ancylostomiasis 钩虫病ascariasis 蛔虫病asphyxia of the newborn 新生儿窒息atrial septal defect 房间隔缺损birth injury 产伤cephalhematoma 头颅血肿cerebral palsy 脑性瘫痪congenital torticollis 先天性斜颈convulsion 惊厥Down’s syndrome 唐氏综合症glomerulonephritis 肾小球肾炎hemophilia 血友病infantile diarrhea 婴儿腹泻intracranial hemorrhage of the newborn 新生儿颅内出血intussusception 肠套叠necrotic enterocolitis of newborn 新生儿坏死性小肠结膜炎neonatal jaundice 新生儿黄疸nutritional iron deficiency anemia 营养性缺铁性贫血nutritional megaloblastic anemia 营养性巨幼细胞性贫血patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭poliomyelitis 骨髓灰质炎premature infant 早产儿primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核progressive muscular dystrophy 进行性肌肉营养不良pulmonary stenosis 肺动脉狭窄purulent meningitis 化脓性脑膜炎rickets 佝偻病sepsis of the newborn 新生儿败血症tetanus of the newborn 新生儿破伤风tetralogy of Fallot 法洛四联症thrush 鹅口疮，真菌性口炎varicella 水痘ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损viral encephalitis 病毒性脑炎viral myocarditis 病毒性心肌炎Gynecology and Obstetrics 妇，产科abortion 流产adenomyosis 子宫内膜异位症amniotic fluid embolism 羊水栓塞Bartholin’s cyst 巴氏腺囊肿carcinoma of cervix 子宫颈癌carcinoma of endometrium 子宫内膜癌carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌cervicitis 宫颈炎chorio-epithelioma 绒毛膜上皮癌corpora luteum cyst 黄体囊肿dystocia 难产eclampsia 子痫edema-proteinuria-hypertension syndrome水肿蛋白尿高血压综合征（妊娠高血压综合征）endometriosis 子宫内膜异位症extrauterine pregnancy 子宫外孕hydatidiform mole 葡萄胎hyperemesis gravidarum 妊娠剧吐infertility 不育症irregular menstruation 月经失调lochia 恶露monilial vaginitis 念珠菌性阴道炎multiple pregnancy 多胎妊娠myoma of uterus 子宫肿瘤oligohydramnios 羊水过少ovarian tumour 卵巢肿瘤pelvic inflammatory disease 盆腔炎placenta previa 前置胎盘placental abruption 胎盘早期剥离pregnancy-hypertension syndrome 妊娠高血压综合症premature birth 早产premature rupture of membrane 胎膜早破postpartum hemorrhage 产后出血puerperal infection 产褥感染rupture of uterus 子宫破裂trichomonas vaginitis 滴虫性阴道炎uteroplacental apoplexy 子宫胎盘卒中vulvitis 外阴炎Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology 五官科amblyopia 弱视amygdalitis, tonsillitis 扁桃体炎astigmatism 散光carcinoma of nasopharynx鼻咽癌carcinoma of larynx 喉癌cataract 白内障tinnitus 耳鸣chalazion 霰粒肿，脸板腺囊肿colour blindness 色盲deflection of nasal septum 鼻中隔偏曲deafness 聋furuncle of nasalvestibule 鼻前庭疖glaucoma 青光眼heterotropia 斜视hyperopia 远视injury of cornea 角膜损伤ceruminal impaction 耵聍嵌塞iritis 虹膜炎keratitis 角膜炎labyrinthitis 迷路炎，内耳炎laryngitis 喉炎mastoiditis 乳突炎myopia 近视nasal sinusitis 鼻窦炎otitis media 中耳炎obstruction of larynx 喉梗阻peritonsillar abscess 扁桃体中脓肿pharyngitis 咽炎rhinitis 鼻炎Dermatoloty 皮科acne 痤疮carcinoma of skin 皮肤癌bed sore 褥疮decubitus ulcer 褥疮性溃疡drug eruption 药皮疹eczema 湿疹herpes simplex 单纯疱疹herpes zoster 带状疱疹lupus erythematosis 红斑狼疮psoriasis 牛皮癣urticaria 荨麻疹wart 疣5.常见手术名称General Sugery 普外appendectomy (appendicectomy) 阑尾切除术cholecystectmy 胆囊切除术cholecystostomy 胆囊造口术drainage of the abscess 脓肿引流enterostomy 肠造口术exploratory laparotomy 开腹探查术gastrectomy 胃切除术gastroduodenostomy 胃十二指肠吻合术hemorrhoidectomy 痔切除术hepaticotomy 肝管切开术hepatectomy 肝切除术herniorrhaphy 疝修补术ligation of lower oesophageal veins 低位食管静脉结扎pancreatectomy 胰切除术portal vena cava anastomosis 门腔静脉吻合术pyloroplasty 幽门成形术mastectomy 乳房切除术splenectomy 脾切除术thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除术thyroid lobectomy 甲状腺叶切除术vagotomy 迷走神经切断术Orthopedics 骨科amputation 截肢arthrodesis 关节固定术curettage if bone tumor 骨瘤刮除术excision of bone tumor 骨瘤切除术external fixation 外固定fasciotomy 筋膜切开术free skin graft 自由皮瓣移植internal fixation 内固定plaster cast 石膏管形plaster splintage 石膏夹板固定prosthetic replacement for joint 人工关节置换术reduction of fracture 骨折复位reduction of joint dislocation 关节脱位复位repair if ligament 韧带修补replantation if digit断指再植skeletal traction 骨牵引tenorrhaphy 腱缝合术Thoracic Surgery 胸外科aortocoronary bypass 主动脉冠状动脉分流closed drainage of pleural cavity 胸腔闭式引流complete intracardiac repair of Fallot’s Tetralogy 法洛完全修复术dilation of aortic valular stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄扩张术exploratory thoracotomy 开胸探查heart transplantation 心脏移植heart valve replacement 心脏瓣膜置换术ligation of patent ductus arteriosis 动脉导管未闭结扎术lobectomy of lungs 肺叶切除local excision of tumor of lungs 肺肿瘤局部切除术parial esophagectomy and reconstruction of esophagus食管部分切除、重建repair of auricular septal defect 房间隔缺损修补术repair if ventricular septal defect 室间隔缺损修补术repair if valvular insufficiency 瓣膜闭锁不全的修补pericardiectomy 心包切除术peicardiotomy 心包切开术pulmonary embolectomy 肺动脉栓子切除术resection of arterial aneurysm动脉瘤切除术Urology 泌尿科cystoplasty 膀胱成形术cystostomy 膀胱造口术nephrectomy 肾切除术nephrostomy肾造口术nephrolithotomy肾石切除术orchiectomy睾丸切除术prostatectomy前列腺切除术renal biopsy肾活检renal transplantation肾移植urethra-lithotomy输尿管结石切除urethroplasty 尿道成形术vasoligation 输精管结扎术Neurosurgery 神经外科decompression 减压术excision of brain tumor 脑瘤切除术exploratory craniotomy开颅探查术lobectomy （脑）叶切除术removed of intracranial hematoma 颅内血肿清除术repair of dura defect 硬脑膜缺损修补术Dentistry 牙科dental prosthetics 镶牙filling 牙填充orthodontic treatment 牙矫正术periodontal treatment 牙周治疗tooth extraction 拔牙Gynecology & Obstetrics 妇产科amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术cervicectomy 子宫颈切除术cesarean section 剖宫产术剖腹产culdocentesis 后穹隆穿刺术dilatation of the cervix 宫颈扩张术excision of Bartholin cyst 巴氏腺囊肿切除术hysterectomy 子宫切除术induction of labor 引产术ovarian cystectomy 助产术oophorectomy 卵巢切除术salpingectomy 输卵管切除术sterilization 绝育术uterine curetlage 刮宫术vulvectomy 外阴切除术Ophthalmology & Otorhinolaryngology 五官科aspiration of cataract 白内障吸出术closed reduction of nasal bone 鼻骨闭合复位corneal grafting 角膜移植enucleation of eyeball 眼球摘除术excision of turbinates 鼻甲切除术extraction of intra-ocular foreign body 眼内异物摘除laryngectomy and laryngostomy 喉切除术和喉造口术lens extraction 晶体摘除mastoidectomy 乳突切开术myringotomy 鼓膜切开术myringoplasty 鼓膜成形术nasal polypectomy 鼻息肉切除术septoplasty （鼻）中隔成形术sinusotomy 鼻窦切开术submuscous resection of nasal septum 鼻中隔粘膜下切除术tonsillectomy 扁桃体切除术tympanoplasty 鼓室成形术6.常用药物名称Antibiotics 抗生素albomycin 白霉素ampicillin 氨苄青霉素berberine 黄连素carbenicillin 羧苄青霉素cephaloridine 先锋霉素IIcephtlothin 先锋霉素Ichloromycetin 氯霉素erythromycin 红霉素furbenicillin 呋苄青霉素gentamycin 庆大霉素griseofulvin 灰黄霉素kanamycin 卡那霉素meecamycin, medemycin 麦迪加霉素，麦迪霉素neomycin 新霉素penicillin G 青霉素Gpolymyxin B 多粘菌素Bstreptomycin 链霉素terramycin 合霉素terramycin 土霉素Sulfonamides and Furane Derivatives 磺胺类及呋喃类药furacilin 呋喃西林furazolicone 呋喃唑酮，痢特灵sulfacetamide (SA) 磺胺醋酰sulfaciazine (SD) 磺胺嘧啶sulfadimidine (SM2) 磺胺二甲嘧啶sulfamethoxazole 新诺明，磺胺甲噁唑trimethoprim (TMP) 增效磺胺Sedatives and Tranquilizers 镇静、安定药chlordiazepoxide, librium 利眠宁chlorpromazine, wintermine 氯丙嗪,冬眠药diazepam, valium 地西泮，安定fluphenazine 氟奋乃静meprobamate, miltown 甲丙氨酯，眠尔通oryzanol 谷维素pentobarbital 戊巴比妥perphenazine 奋乃静phenobarbital, luminal 本巴比妥，鲁米那Analgesics 镇痛药codeine phosphate 磷酸可待因dolantin, pethidine 度冷丁，哌替啶opium tincture 阿片酊pentazocine 镇痛新Analgesics 解热镇痛药analgin 安乃近aspirin 阿司匹林aspirin compound tablet (APC) 复方阿司匹林butazolidin, butazone 保泰松chlofenamic acid 抗风湿灵，氯灭酸indomethacin, indacin 吲哆美辛，消炎痛ibuprofen 布洛芬paracetamol 对乙酰氨基酚，扑热息痛phenacetin 非那西丁somedon 索密痛Atitussives and Bronchial Spasm Relaxants 镇咳、解痉药aerosol isoprenaline异丙肾上腺素气雾剂aminophylline 氨茶碱carbetapentane, toclase 咳必清brown mixture棕色合剂，复方干草合剂chloperastine 咳平ephedrine 麻黄素isoprenaline 异丙肾上腺素salbutamol 舒喘灵Drags for Digestive Diseases 消化系统疾病用药yeast 酵母片Lactasin, biofermin 乳酶生pancreatin 胰酶pepsin 胃蛋白酶atropine 阿托品belladonna extract 颠茄浸膏benactyzine 胃复康probanthine 普鲁苯辛sodium bicarbonate 小苏打vitamin U 维生素Uranitidine 雷尼替丁liquid paraffin 液体石蜡magnesium sulfate 硫酸镁dehydrocholic acid 去氢胆酸glucurone 肝泰乐glutamic acid 谷氨酸sodium taurocholate 胆酸钠Drugs for Cardiovascular Diseases 心血管疾病用药lidocaine 利多卡因mexiletine 美西律oxprenolol 氧烯洛尔，心得平procainamid hydrochloride 盐酸普鲁卡因胺propranolol dinitrate 普萘洛尔，心得安persantin 双咪哌胺醇，潘生丁quinidine 奎尼丁verapamil 异博定nitroglycerine 硝酸甘油nifedipine 硝苯地平，心痛定isosorbide dinitrate 硝酸异山梨酯，消心痛digoxin 地高辛digitoxin 洋地黄毒甙cedilanid 西地兰Antihypertensive Drugs 抗高血压药atenolol 氨酰心安captopril 开博通，卡托普利furazosin 派唑嗪methyl dopa 甲基多巴nimodipine tablet尼莫地平片reserpine 利血平sodium nitroprusside 硝普钠vertical 降压灵dibazol 地巴唑Antituberculosis Drugs 抗结核药ethambutol 乙胺丁醇isoniazid 异烟肼para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) 对氨基水杨酸pyrazinamide 吡嗪酰胺rifampin利福平Antifungal and Antiviral Agents 抗真菌及抗病毒药amphotericin 二性霉素clotrimazole 克霉唑flagyl 灭滴灵，甲硝唑ketoconazole 酮康唑nystatin 制霉菌素amantadine 金刚烷胺，金刚胺moroxydine(ABOB) 病毒灵，吗啉胍Antianemic Agents 抗贫血药calcium leucovorin 甲酰四氢叶酸钙，甲叶钙cobalt chloride 氯化钴ferric ammonium citrate 枸橼酸铁胺，柠檬酸铁胺ferrous sulfate 硫酸亚铁，硫酸低铁folic acid 叶酸iron dextran 右旋糖酐铁lliver extract 肝精vitamin B12 维生素B12Anti-allergic Agents 抗过敏药calcium gluconate 葡萄糖酸钙chlorpheniramine 扑尔敏diphenhydramine, benadryl 苯海拉明，苯那君histaglobulin 组织胺球蛋白promethazine, phenergan 异丙嗪，非那根Anthelminthics 驱肠虫药areca 槟榔levamisole 左旋咪唑，驱钩蛔piperazine citrate 驱蛔灵Vitamins 维生素compound rutin 复方芦丁calcium pantothenate 泛酸钙nicotinamide(NAA) 烟酰胺nicotinic acid(NA) 烟酸pyritinol hydrochloricde 脑复新vitamin A 维生素Avitamin B1 维生素B1vitamin B2, riboflavin维生素B2，核黄素vitamin B6, pyridoxine 维生素B6，吡哆醇vitamin B compound 复合维生素Bvitamin C, ascorbic acid 维生素C，抗坏血酸vitamin D2, calciferol 维生素D2，骨化醇vitamin D3, cholecalciferol 维生素D3，胆维丁vitamin E, tocopherol 维生素E，生育酚Hormones 激素corticotrophin (ACTH) 促肾上腺皮质激素cortisone 可的松desoxycorticosterone (DOCA) 去氧皮质酮dexamethasone 地塞米松fluocinolone acetonide 肤轻松hydrocortisone氢化可的松prednisolone强的松龙，去氢氢化可的松prednisone 强的松，去氢可的松chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) 绒毛膜促性腺激素，绒膜激素clomiphene 克罗米芬estradiol benzoate 苯甲酸雌二醇medroxyprogesterone acetate, provera 安宫黄体酮megestrol 甲地孕酮methyltestosterone 甲基睾丸素progesterone 黄体酮stillboestrol 乙烯雌酚testosterone propionate 丙酸睾丸素Cancer Chemotherapeutic Drugs and Drugs on the Immune System 肿瘤化疗制剂及免疫系统用药Adriamycin 阿霉素azathioprine(AZP) 硫唑嘌呤cyclophosphamide(CTX) 环磷酰氮芥cyclosporine A 环孢霉素A，环孢灵cytarabine 阿糖胞苷dactinomycin 放线菌素D，更生霉素fluorouracil 氟尿嘧啶hydrocortisone 氢化可的松，氢可的松interferon 干扰素levamisole 左旋四咪唑，左咪唑methotrexate 甲氨蝶呤thiotepa 塞替哌thymosin 胸腺素vincristine(VCR) 长春新碱Agents Used for Metabolic Diseases 治疗代谢性疾病用药insulin 胰岛素Lugol’s solution 卢戈尔液glibenclamide 格列本脲，优降糖propylthiouracil 丙基硫氧嘧啶phenformin 苯乙双胍，降糖灵tapazole 甲巯咪唑，他巴唑thyroid 甲状腺，甲状腺剂tolbutamide 甲磺丁脲，甲糖宁protamine zinc insulin (PZI) 精蛋白锌胰岛素（长效）Fluids for Infusion 静脉输液concentrated sodium chloride injection 浓氯化钠注射液5% glucose in normal saline (GNS) 5％葡萄糖盐水5% glucose solution (GS) 5％葡萄糖溶液Normal saline(NS) 生理盐水10% potassium chloride 10％氯化钾Ringer’s solution 林格溶液，复方氯化钠溶液5% sodium bicarbonate 5％碳酸氢钠28.75% sodium glutamate 28.75％谷氨酸钠11.2% sodium lactate 11.2％乳酸钠Biological Products 生物制品aprotinin 抑肽酶bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine 卡介苗cytochrome C 细胞色素Cdiphtheria antitoxin (DAT) 白喉抗毒素Gamma globulin 丙种球蛋白Hyaluronidase 透明质酸酶lysozyme 溶菌酶pancreatin 胰酶streptokinase(SK) 溶栓酶，链激酶tetanus antitoxin 破伤风抗霉素urokinase 尿激酶Eye and ENT Drugs 眼、耳、鼻、喉用药atropine 阿托品borax 硼沙chloramphenicol eye drops 氯霉素滴眼液cortisone acetate eye drops 醋酸可的松滴眼液homatropine 后马托品sodium sulfacetamide 磺胺醋酰钠boric acid alcohol 硼酸酒精chloramphenicol glycerin 氯霉素甘油滴耳液ephedrine nose drops 麻黄素滴鼻液furacilin solution 呋喃西林溶液neomycin solution 新霉素溶液Drugs for External Use 外用药ammonia solution 氨溶液bromo-geramine 苯扎溴铵，新洁尔灭hibitane 氯已定，洗必泰mercurochrome 红汞phenol 酚potassium permanganate(PP) 高锰酸钾silver nitrate 硝酸银turpentine oil 松节油hydrogen peroxide 双氧水gentian violet 甲紫，紫药水Anesthetics 麻醉药ether 乙醚ethyl chloride 氯乙烷procaine 普鲁卡因sodium pentothal 硫喷妥钠lidocaine 利多卡因fluothane 氟烷7.常用护理术语Nursing processes 护理过程assessment 估计nursing diagnosis 护理诊断planning 计划intervention (implementation, management) 措施（实施、管理）evaluation 评价Daily care of the patient 对病人的日常护理morning (evening) care, AM (HS) care 晨（晚）间护理bedmaking 整理床铺oral hygiene (mouth care) 口腔卫生brushing the teeth 刷牙flossing the teeth 清牙垢denture care 清洗假牙bathing 洗澡cleanliness and skin care 清洁与皮肤护理perineal care 洗会阴hair 梳头shaving 刮脸Care of nails and feet 指甲修剪和洗脚changing hospital gowns 更换住院服装massage 按摩bedsore care 褥疮护理Measurement of vital signs 测量生命体征taking oral (rectal, axillary) temperature量口腔（直肠、腋下）体温taking a radial pulse 测量桡动脉脉搏counting respirations 计呼吸次数measuring (taking) blood pressure 量血压Catheterization 导管插入术cardiac catheterization 心导管插入术laryngeal catheterization喉插管术retro-urethral catheterization 逆行导尿管插入术urethral catheterization 尿道导管插入术Clean techniques, medical asepsis 消毒灭菌asepsis 无菌（法）integral asepsis 完全无菌disinfection 消毒concomitant (concurrent) disinfection 随时消毒，即时消毒steam disinfection 蒸汽消毒terminal disinfection 终末消毒disinfection by ultraviolet light 紫外线消毒Sterilization 灭菌，消毒chemical sterilization 化学灭菌法fractional sterilization 间歇灭菌法intermittent sterilization 间歇灭菌法mechanical sterilization 器械灭菌法Decompression 减压（术）oardiac decompression 心减压术cerebral decompression 脑减压术orbital decompression 眼眶减压术decompression of decompression 心包减压术gastro-intestinal decompression 胃肠减压术decompression of rectum 直肠减压术decompression of spinal cord 脊髓减压术Dialysis透析peritoneal dialysis腹膜透析hemodialysis 血液透析Drainage 引流、导液aspiration (suction) drainage 吸引导液（引流）closed drainage 关闭引流法negative pressure drainage 负压吸引法open drainage 开放引流法postural drainage 体位引流法vaginal drainage 阴道引流法vesicocelomic drainage 膀胱腹腔引流Drainage 灌肠barium enema钡灌肠blind enema肛管排气法contrast enema对比灌肠glycerin enema甘油灌肠high (low) enema 高（低）位灌肠magnesium sulfate enema 硫酸镁灌肠retention (non-retention) enema 保留（无保留）灌肠soapsuds enema 肥皂水灌肠turpentine enema 松节油灌肠Feeding 饲，喂养Forced (forcible) feeding 强制喂养intubtaion (tube) feeding 管饲法nasal feeding 鼻饲法rectal feeding 直肠营养法Heat and clod applications 冷、热敷applying hot compresses 热敷applying hot soaks 湿热敷assisting the patient to take a sitz bath 帮病人坐浴applying hot water bottles 用热水瓶applying an ice bag (collar0 用冰袋applying cold compresses 冷敷giving a cold (an alcohol) sponge bath 冷水（酒精）擦浴Infusion 输入，注入glucose infusion 葡萄糖液输注glucose-saline infusion 葡萄糖－盐水输注saline infusion 盐水输注Injection 注射endermic (intracutaneous) injection 皮内注射hypertonic saline injection 高渗盐水注射hypodermic injection 皮下注射intramuscular injection 肌内注射intraocular injection 眼球注射intrapleural injection 胸膜腔注射intrauterine injection 子宫内注射nasal injection 鼻内注射peritoneal injection 腹膜腔注射rectal injection 直肠注射subconjunctival injection 结膜下注射urethral injection 尿道注射vaginal injection 阴道注射Irrigation 冲洗vaginal irrigation 阴道冲洗bladder irrigation 膀胱冲洗continuous irrigation 连续冲洗法mediate irrigation 间接冲洗法Isolation 隔离、分离strict isolation 严密隔离contact isolation 接触隔离respiratory isolation 呼吸隔离drainage (secretion) precautions 引流预防措施enteric precautions 肠道预防措施blood (body fluid) precautions 血液（体液）预防措施protective isolation 保护性隔离Lavage 灌洗blood (systemic) lavage 血液毒素清洗法ether lavage (腹腔内)乙醚洗法gastric lavage 洗胃intestinal lavage 洗肠peritoneal lavage 腹膜腔灌洗pleural lavage 胸膜腔灌洗Medication 药疗，投药，给药endermic medication 皮内透药法hypodermatic medication 皮下投药法intramuscular medication 肌肉投药法ionic medication 离子透药疗法nasal medication 鼻内投药法oral medication 口服法rectal medication 直肠投药法sublingual medication 舌下投药法transduodenal medication 十二指肠内投药法vaginal medication 阴道投药法Suctioning 吸气引液upper airway suctioning 上呼吸道抽吸法nasogastric suctioning 鼻胃抽吸wound suctioning 伤口吸引Transfusion 输血arterial transfusion 动脉输血blood transfusion 输血direct (immediate ) transfusion 直接输血drip transfusion 滴注输(血)液indirect transfusion 间接输血plasma transfusion 输血浆serum transfusion 输血清venous transfusion 静脉输血，静脉输液Diet nursing 伙食护理absolute diet (fasting) 禁食balanced diet 均衡伙食convalescent diet 恢复期饮食diabetic diet 糖尿病饮食eucaloric diet 适当热量饮食fat-free diet 无脂饮食salt-free diet 无盐饮食fever diet 热病饮食full diet 全食，普通饮食half diet 半食high caloric diet 高热量饮食high-carbohydrate diet 高糖类饮食high-protein (protein rich) diet 高蛋白饮食invalid diet 病弱者饮食light diet 易消化饮食liquid diet 流质饮食high fat diet 高脂饮食low fat diet 低脂饮食low caloric diet 低热量饮食low-protein diet 低蛋白饮食low-residue diet 低渣饮食nourishing diet 滋补饮食obesity diet 肥胖病饮食prenatal diet 孕期饮食regimen diet 规定食谱smooth (soft) diet 细软饮食Preparing the patient for the surgery 为病人手术前做准备shaving the patient’s skin (skin prep) 备皮anesthesia 麻醉Postoperative care 手术后护理coughing and deep-breathing exercises 咳嗽呼吸练习applying elastic stockings 穿弹性袜applying elastic bandages 用弹性绷带Emergency care (first aid) 急救护理cardiopulmonary resuscitation 心肺循环复苏术mouth-to-mouth(mouth-to-nose,mouth-to-stoma) resuscitation 口对口（口对鼻，口对颈部小口）循环复苏术emergency care for fainting (shock, stroke) victims昏厥（休克、中风）患者急救emergency care used to control hemorrhage 止血急救emergency care given to help a patient who is vomiting呕吐患者急救emergency care for a patient during a seizure 癫痫发作急救hospice care 临终护理postmortem care 死后护理8.常用临床医学术语diseases 疾病acute diseases 急性病advanced diseases 病沉重期，晚期疾病chronic diseases慢性病communicable diseases 传染病complicating diseases 并发病congenital diseases 先天性疾病acquired diseases 后天性疾病contagious diseases接触性传染病endemic diseases 地方病epidemic diseases 流行病functional diseases 机能病、官能病infectious diseases 传染病inherited diseases 遗传病malignant diseases恶性病nutritional diseases 营养病occupation diseases 职业病organic diseases 器质性病paroxysmal diseases 阵发性病periodical diseases 周期病primary(principal)diseases原发（主导）病secondary diseases 继发病sexual(venereal, social)diseases 性病terminal diseases 绝症wasting diseases 消耗性疾病chief complaint 主诉clinical manifestation 临床表现delivery history 分娩史etiology病因学family history 家族史history, medical history 病史precipitating(induced)诱因marital status婚姻状况menstrual history 月经史menarche 初潮menopause闭经past history既往史pathogenesis 发病机制personal history 个人史symptoms 症状cardinal symptom 主要症状classical symptom 典型症状concomitant symptom 伴发症状constitutional(systemic) symptom 全身症状indirect symptom 间接症状induced symptom 诱发症状local symptom 局部症状mental symptom精神症状symptom-complex (syndrome)symptom 综合症，症候群signs体征antecedent 前驱征assident (accessory) 副征commemorative 后遗症sign of death 死征diagnostic诊断征sign of disease 病征subjective 自觉征，主观征vein sign静脉征。