2020届北京市海淀区高三一模英语试题(含答案)
2020届北京市海淀国际学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020届北京市海淀国际学校高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AEver wonder why there are so many people polluting the earth? Ever say to yourself：Hey, I wish that I could do more to help the environment? Have you ever thought about trying to help the earth but never really did it? Well, here are some pretty easyand skillful ideas for that green - earth desire inside you.●Turn off your computer. By leaving it on all day you are creating more CO2than a regular passenger would, driving to and from work in one day.● Ride your bike or carpool (合用汽车).Obviously, youare creating less CO2which will help the ozone(臭氧).● Make a garden. Even simply grow some plants in your kitchen, which will help produce more oxygen while eating up some of that evil CO2.● Buy local groceries. It creates less impact on the environment. Besides, you're supporting your local farmers.● Recycle. You had to see this coming. But you have no idea how much you are helping the environment by simply reusing a water bottle instead of buying a huge pack at the store.● Don't run the water while brushing. It saves you money and helps the water resources.● Open the curtains. Natural light is much prettier and it will keep the energy usage down.● Rechargeable batteries. You have no idea how much it takes to get rid of batteries. Do yourself a favor. Save some money and some energy.1. If you don't want to create more CO2, you may_______.A. turn off your computer or open the curtainsB. turn off your computer or ride your bike or carpoolC. make a garden or open the curtainsD. use rechargeable batteries or make a garden2. Which of the following can best describe the function of the first paragraph?A. Main body.B. Argument.C. Lead - in.D. Conclusion.3. The main idea of the passage is about________.A. the importance of environmental protectionB. some ways about how to prevent pollutionC. some suggestions about how to save energyD. some suggestions about environmental protectionBAt the age of 50, Nina Schoen expects to have a long lifeahead of her, but has thought a lot about death—and why people are so reluctant to talk about it: “It’s going to happen to all of us,” she says, “but it should be a more positive experience than the fear we put into it.”When she first heard about a new end-of-life process that turns the body into compost (堆肥), “I was really moved by the idea,” says Schoen, who became one of the first to reserve a spot with a Seattle-based company called Recompose, the county’s first funeral home to offer human composting.Last year Recompose began transforming bodies to soil, more formally known as natural organic reduction. Before that, end-of-life options in the U.S. were limited to burial or cremation (火化), both of which come with environmental costs—U.S. cremations alone dump 1.7 billion pounds of carbon dioxide into theatmosphere every year.Katrina Spade pioneering the composting movement has spent a decade developing the process in hopes of offering people a greener option for death care. “I wondered, ‘What if we had a choice that helps the planet rather than harms it?’” Spade tells PEOPLE. “To know that the last gesture you’ll make will be gentle and beneficial and it just feels like the right thing to do.”After she had her own two sons, she began to wonder what she might do with her body after death. A friend who knew her interest in the topic reminded her that farmers sometimes compost the body of cows, and thatsparkedan idea for her theory: “If you can compost a cow, you can probably compost a human,” she thought, and she set about designing a facility to do just that.“This is about giving people another choice,” Spade says. “At first, people react with shock—‘You really can do that?’ But so many people today are looking at their impact on the Earth. This is a popular thing because when you die, you can give back to the planet.”4. How do people react when it comes to death according to paragraph 1?A. They are unwilling to comment.B. They can face it without fear.C. They feel it a positive experience.D. They would like to compost their bodies.5. What can we know about the company Recompose?A. Its CEO is Katrina Spade.B. It is located in Seattle.C. It was founded to resist cremation.D. It has spent 10 years composting bodies.6. What does the underlined word “sparked” probably mean?A. Changed.B. Compromised.C. Quitted.D. Inspired.7. What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A. A little things in our life can bring in big outcomes.B. We human beings should do all we can to help the earth.C. Composting is so popular that we should reserve a spot soon.D. We should reject burial because of its harm to environment.CIf you’re looking for a reason to care about tree loss, this summer’s record-breaking heat waves might be it. Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit, according to arecent study. But tree cover in US cities is shrinking (缩减). A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that we lost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a five-year period. “If we continue on this path, cities will become warmer, more polluted and generally unhealthier for inhabitants,” said David Nowak, a senior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study. Nowak says there are many reasons why our tree cover is declining, including hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, insects and disease. But the one reason for tree loss that humans can control is sensible development.Nowak says there is a downside to trees too, such as pollen allergy (花粉过敏) or large tailing branches in storms, and people don’t like sweeping leaves. But, he says, there are ways cities and counties can manage trees to help communities thrive (繁荣). Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees. Unlike rural areas, it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement and asphalt (沥青). “A lot of our native trees can’t actually find a place to drop a seed so they can regenerate,” explains Greg Levine, co-executivedirector of Trees Atlanta. “That’s why the community has to go in and actually plant a tree because the areas just aren’t natural anymore.”Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property (财产). “We think we pay for our house, and sowe must maintain it. But because we don’t pay for nature, we don’t need to. And that’s not necessarily true.”8. Why does the author mention “trees can lower summer daytime temperatures”?A. To tell the temperatures in summer are high.B. To explain the reason of tree loss.C. To tell trees are helpful.D. To introduce the topic.9. How can humans control tree loss according to Nowak?A. Develop cities in reasonable ways.B. Prevent fires form damaging trees.C. Improve climate to let trees grow.D. Decrease insects in cities.10. Why do forests in cities need our help?A. Because trees don’t grow in a city environment.B. Because native trees don’t drop seeds any more.C. Because trees in urban areas can’t regenerate naturally.D. Because humans want to plant more trees.11. What is the purpose of this passage?A. Describe the importance of trees in cities.B. Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings.C. Ask people to plant trees with the author.D. Show the number of trees in theUSis declining.DWhen I was a boy, there was but one permanent ambition among my comrades in our village on the west bank of Mississippi River. That was, to be a steamboat man. We had temporary ambitions of other sorts, but they were only temporary.My father was a justice of the peace, and I supposed he possessed the power of life and death over all men and could hang anybody that offended him. This was distinction enough for me as a general thing；butthe desire to be a steamboat man kept intruding, nevertheless. One of our boys in town, who went away and was not heardof for-a long time, turned up as apprentice engineer on a steamboat. This thing shook the bottom out of all my Sunday—school teachings. That boy was notoriously worldly, and I was just the opposite. There was nothing generous about this fellow in his greatness. He would always manage to have a rusty nail to scrub while his boat stopped at our town, and he would sit on the inside guard and scrub it, where we could all see him. And wherever his boat was laid up he would come home and show off in the town in his blackest and greasiest clothes, so that nobody could help remembering that he was a steamboat man; and he used all sorts of steamboat technical terms in his talk, as if he were so used to them that he forgot common people could not understand them.This creature's career could produce but one result, and it was speedily followed. Boy after boy managed to get on the river. Despite many choices, pilot was the grandest position of all. The pilot, even in those days of trivial wages, had a princely salary—from 150—250 dollars a month, and no board payment.But our parents would not let us and our worry was the next year would find us hunting for jobs with low pay again. So by and by I ran away. I said I never would come home again till I was a pilot and could come in glory.12. Why does the writer mention his father's job in Paragraph 2?A. To show that his father was in power.B. To show that his father is cruel.C. To emphasize the job he prefers.D. To emphasize his love for his father.13. Which of the following can best conclude the writer's attitude toward the boy?A. He thought the boy was material but pitiful.B. He thought the boy was annoying but still envied him.C. He thought the boy was shallow but knowledgeable.D. He thought the boy was disrespectful but still liked him.14. Which of the following statements is Not True?A. The boy talked in a way to make others feel jealous.B. The boy's experience made other boys follow suit.C. The pilot's salary was ly high but without meals covered.D. The writer was ambitious to make his childhood dream come true.15. What rhetorical method does the underlined sentence have?A. Simile.B. Personification.C. Parallelism.D. Irony.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
海淀区2020高三一模英语试卷及答案
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海淀区高三年级第二学期期中练习
英语
2020.5.4
本试卷共 10 页， 120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
无效。
第一部分：知识运用 ( 共两节， 45 分)
第一节 语法填空 ( 共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分 ) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写
高三年级（英语）第 1页（共 10 页）
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海淀区2020高三一模英语试卷及答案word版可编辑
海淀区高三年级第二学期期中练习英语2020.5.4本试卷共10页，120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AAt 8,1 started taking art lessons 1(improve) my painting skills. However, later, I found that I focused too much on mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became more distressed when my expectations weren't matched.So, in the 11th Grade, I returned to the basics. On 2 sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released from the tight control. I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique. In fact, all I need to do is trust my 3 (create) talents and find moments of joy in life.BIn recent years, trampolining (蹦床)has become a new craze among Chinese youths. Short videos 4 (show) people's excitement about jumping back and forth on the colourful trampolines are regularly uploaded to social media. Most videos feature teenagers, but adults too have jumped on the trend, hoping to relive their childhood Compared with soccer, basketball, tennis or any other competitive sports, 5 various injuries occur from time to time, trampolining is relatively 6 (safe). However, preparation and safety always come first. You must do warm-up exercises before playing and you can't lose concentration during the movements.CA news report shows that China's urban pet consumer market 7 (expect) to break through the 200 billion yuan threshold this year. Young people in big cities are the main contributors.Nowadays, with the cost of living rising, young people 8 (suffer) from greater loneliness and pressure. They are busy working all day in a competitive environment, leaving little time for fun and friends. That may explain 9 more and more young people are choosing to keep pets 10 companionship. Apart from relieving loneliness, many scientific studies have shown that keeping a pet reduces stress and may even improve overall health.第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题L 5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
2020年北京市海淀实验中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案
2020年北京市海淀实验中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal.1. How can we describe the young author?A. He opened a small grocery store.B. He did a lot of research in the lab.C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities.D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Getting some financial support.B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.C. Reaching out to many local businesses.D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph?A. Its size needs increasing.B. Itis popular with the students.C. It has caused some safety concerns.D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.BBrown cows may not actually make chocolate milk, but pink silkworms（蚕）do produce pink silk, a team of scientists has discovered. To see if they could produce pre-dyed silk-silk that comes color1 ed, straight from the source-the team fed ordinary silkworms mulberry（桑树）leaves that had been sprayed（喷洒）with fabric（织物）dyes（染色剂）. Out of seven tested dyes, only one worked, producing a thread that reminded me of pink-dyed hair.And yes, the worms themselves take on some color1 before they produce silk. Their color1 ful diets did not affect their growth, the team, which included engineers and biologists from the CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory in India, reports in the journalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering. (The researchers didn't look too deeply into how the dyes affected the silkworms' health. After all, silkworms die when people harvest their silk.)The team made dyeing silk this way because color1 ing fabric normally uses large amounts of fresh water. The water gets polluted with dangerous chemicals in the process, requiring costly treatment before factories can send it back into waterways. Dyeing silk directly by feeding silkworms would avoid those water-washing steps. Scientists are just starting to study this idea. However, it remains to be seen if it's commercially successful. In this experiment, the Indian team tested seven dyes, which are cheap and popular in the industry.The scientists found different dyes moved through silkworms' bodies differently. Some never made it into the worms' silk at all. Others color1 ed the worms and their silk but the color1 disappears before the silk is turned into fabric. Only one dye, named "direct acid fast red", showed up in the final, washed silk threads. By the time it made it there, it was a pleasant, light pink.4. The text is most probably a(n) ________.A. science reportB. tourist guideC. animal experimentD. fashion advertisement5. Silkworms can produce pink silk because ________.A. they are born pinkB. they are dyed pinkC. they grow in pink waterD. they are fed dyed food6. Where is the experiment carried out?A. In America.B. In India.C. In Israel.D. In China.7. How many dyes have been proved successful in the experiment?A. One.B. Three.C. Five.D. Seven.CStarting at university or college can be a big challenge, especially if you’re living away from home for the first time. You arefaced with big questions such as, “Who’s going to do my washing?” “Who’s going to tidy my room?” And, most importantly, “How am I going to eat?” Yes, living on your own means cooking for yourself, and when you’re living a student lifestyle, this could be a recipe for disaster.Students, in the UK at least, often rely on generally available food such as baked beans or cheese on toast. And for the more adventurous, there’s “spag bol” — spaghetti bolognaise(肉酱意粉), that is, cooked spaghetti served with a ground beef and tomato sauce — a budget-friendly solution. If you make a huge pan of it, it can probably last you a whole week! Other low-cost options include jar sauces and oven pizzas.Recently, a British supermarket suggested that rose harissa paste, organic cider vinegar and Swiss bouillon powder were the important food materials needed for the “student cupboard”. But are these items considered essential and affordable for someone on a budget?As a matter of fact, living on a budget is certainly one barrier to eating a well-balanced diet. What’s more, some young people don’t know much about cooking, and for many young students, there are more fun things to go and do than just stay inside and cook. That’s where takeaways and microwave meals come in.What should a health-conscious student really have in his or her food cupboard? Jack Monroe, a food writer and campaigner, has words to say: baked beans, lemon juice, canned tomatoes and tomato ketchup, described as “salt, sugar, vinegar and tomato all in one handy squeezy bottle”. And should that not appeal, you can always wait till your next visit to your mum and dad for a square meal!8. What does the author indicate by “this could be a recipe for disaster”?A. Cooking is difficult for a student.B. Students must cook if they live alone.C. It is important to live independently.D. Learning to cook will cause disasters.9. What is the feature of “spag bol”?A. It is delicious.B. It is healthy.C. It saves money.D. It needs little skill.10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A. How well-balanced diets can be realized.B. How students can eat healthily with limited money.C. Why living on a budget is common among students.D Why students choose takeaways and microwave meals.11. Why does the author write the last paragraph?A. To advocate visiting parents.B. To offer some tips.C. To promote health consciousness.D. To introduce a writer.DMany of us in China enjoy adding chilies (辣椒) toour food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-oldUSman recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper—the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from serious headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News.In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people—almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning feeling that comes from eating chilies by releasing natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness” , noted BBC News.And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the death rate of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by theUniversityofVermontcame to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age,” Liu Qi, a nutritionist at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, told BBC News.Chilies have anti-cancer quality and the ability to increase our metabolism (新陈代谢). So, don't worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us—except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps.12. The example of a 34-year-old American is mentioned in Paragraph 1 to prove ________.A. chiliescan be beneficialB. chilies are popular inAmericaC. chilies can be dangerousD. serious headaches can be dangerous13. Eating chilies gives people a sense of happiness by_______.A. decreasing death rateB. releasing natural chemicalsC. curing serious headachesD. providing enough nutrition14. Which of the following statement is TRUE?A. Human are the only animals to eat chilies.B. Stomachache and headaches caused by chilies is something unusual.C. The more chilies you eat, the healthier you are.D. Chilies have anti-cancer quality but it can't increase our metabolism.15. The writer wrote the passage to ________.A. warn people of the dangers of chiliesB. ask people to eat Carolina ReaperC. encourage people to eat more chiliesD. tell people the benefits of chilies第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020 年北京市海淀区高三一模 英语试卷(带答案)
2020 年北京市海淀区高三一模英语考试逐题解析第一部分：知识运用（共两节，5 45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AAt 8, I started taking art lessons (1) ________ (improve) my painting skills. However, later, I found that I focused too much on mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became more distressed when my expectations wer en’t matched.So, in the 11 th Grade, I returned to the basics. On (2) ________ sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released from the tight control. I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique. In fact, all I need to do is trust my (3) ________ (create) talents and find moments of joy in life.1.【答案】to improve【解析】本题考查非谓语做状语；提示词improve 为动词，句子中，前面的代词I 与名词lessons，都不能充当improve 的主语，所以improve 需要做非谓语。
2020届北京市海淀区教师进修学校附属实验学校高三英语一模试题及答案
2020届北京市海淀区教师进修学校附属实验学校高三英语一模试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABrooklyn Children's MuseumFounded in 1899 as the country's first museum specifically made for children, today BCM is comprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments, masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive World Brooklyn, a small cityscape（城市风光）lined by stores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.Children's Museum of ManhattanLooking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds? Then head to Inside Art, the current show up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around the exhibits. It's ideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history and science is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.DiMenna Children's History MuseumThe hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYC. Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in on sing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.Staten Island Children's MuseumStaten Island Children's Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers hands-on experiences like the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Four and Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighter at Ladder 11, so you'll find immersive（沉浸式的）fun around every corner. Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.1. Which museum provides biology classes for kids?A. Brooklyn Children's Museum.B. Staten Island Children's Museum.C. Children's Museum of Manhattan.D. DiMenna Children's History Museum.2. What can kids do in DiMenna Children's History Museum?A. Play interesting games with great firefighters.B. Know about famous people's childhood lives.C. Run stores like adults in different small streets.D. Cook delicious local food with foreign athletes.3. Where can kids learn how to protect the environment?A. At Ladder 11.B. At the Block Harbor.C In Green Living Room. D. On a human-sized anthill.BEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full force, searching wildly for the perfect gift.Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, and graduations. This frequent experience of gift-giving cancause uncertain feelings in gift-givers. Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because gift-giving offers a powerful means to build stronger bonds, while many worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended recipients (接受者).Anthropologists describe gift-giving as a positive social process, serving various political, religious, and psychological functions. Economists, however, offer a less favorable view. According to Waldfogel, gift-giving represents an objective wasteof resources. People buy gifts that recipients would not choose to buy on their own, or at least not spend as much money to purchase (a phenomenon referred to as‘‘the deadweight loss of Christmas”).What is surprising is that gift-givers have much experience acting as both gift-givers and gift-recipients, but nevertheless tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift. In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem — gift-givers link how much they spend with how much recipients will appreciate the gift. Though it seems natural to gift-givers, such an assumption may be unfounded. Indeed, we propose that gift-recipients will be less likely to base their feelings of appreciation on the value of a gift than givers assume.Why do gift-givers assume that gift price is closely linked to gift-recipients’ feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that more expensive gifts communicate a stronger sense ofthoughtfulness and consideration. According to Camerer and others, gift-giving represents a symbolic ritual (习俗), by which gift-givers attempt to signal their positive attitudes towards the recipient and their willingness to invest resources in a futurerelationship.In this sense, gift-givers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in order to send a “stronger signal”. As for gift-recipients, they may not interpret smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration.The idea of gift-givers and gift-recipients being unable to account for the other party’s viewpoint seems confusing because people slip in and out of these roles every day. Yet, despite the experience as both givers and receivers, people often struggle to apply information gained from one role in another. In theoretical terms, people fail to use information about their own preferences and experiences to produce more efficient outcomes in their exchange relations. In practical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn to estimate their gift expense according to personal insight.4. The author uses “the deadweight loss of Christmas” in Paragraph 2 to express ________.A. gift-givers don’t spend much money during holidaysB. gift-givers don’t ask recipients what gifts they preferC. gift-givers buy improper and expensive giftsD. gift-givers have difficulty in choosing gifts5. According to the passage, people buy gifts to ________.A. receive gifts in returnB. enjoy the feeling of shoppingC. help recipients to save moneyD. better relationships with recipients6. What can we learn from the passage?A. People’s high living standards require expensive gifts.B. Gift-givers buy gifts based on their experiences as recipients.C. Anthropologists think gift-giving meets different human needs.D. Recipients judge the depth of friendship according to the gift price.7. Why did the author write this article?A. To criticize people’s gift-buying habits.B. To analyze people’s gift-giving behaviors.C. To offer advice on how to improve relationships.D. To remind people not to overlook others’ preferences.CBeing an Olympian (奥运会选手) demands focus, determination, and a competitive spirit. Plus, representing your country is a lot of pressure. However, two athletes recently showed the world another quality that is definitely worth championing.Qatar's Mutaz Essa Barshim and Italy's Gianmarco Tamberi were competing in the high jump on Sunday when they reached a stalemate (僵局). Both men had managed to jump over a surprising 2.37 meters with no faults along the way. However, after three attempts neither managed the next level of 2.39 meters.An Olympic official suggested ajump-offbetween the two friends and rivals (竞争对手) to determine who would get the gold medal. But Barshim had another plan to reward their efforts.“Can we have two golds?” he asked the official.The official agreed and the two men jumped for joy. This was the first time a gold medal had been shared since 1912. “He is one of my best friends, not only on the track, but outside the track. We work together. This is a dream come true.” shared Barshim.The decision to share the medal was particularly meaningful to Tamberi. The Italian had suffered an ankle injury that prevented him from competing in the Rio Olympics in 2016, and it nearly put an end to his career altogether. So this year he brought along his cast to this year's Olympics with “Road to Tokyo 2021” to inspire him along the way.For Barshim, the gold has topped off his already impressive medal collection, having received a bronze and a silver medal in 2012 and 2016 respectively.Despite all the glory of receiving a gold medal for their countries, their achievement means so much more. These two individuals, trying to do their very best for their countries, have provided a wonderful example to all those competing in sports. They've summed up exactly what it means to take part in a global event with a generous and compassionate (有同情心的) spirit.8. What happened to Barshim and Tamberi in the competition?A. They ended in a tie.B. They quit the competition.C. They set a new record.D. They ran out of strength.9. What does the underlined word “jump-off” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Debate.B. Vote.C. Celebration.D. Extra round.10. Why was the gold medal particularly meaningful to Tamberi?A. It could bring him a lot of money.B. It may make up for his regret in 2016.C. It was a glory for his country.D. It could complete his medal collection.11. What does the author mainly want to convey in the text?A. The importance of sharing.B. The glory of winning gold medals.C. The valuable and special team spirit.D. The considerate and sharing Olympic spirit.DBecoming famous is the dream of many, and Tian is getting closer to that dream.Tian, 30, is a white-collar worker inBeijing. On short video application Douyin, Tian has more than 2,000 fans. So far, she has received more than 50,000 likes on the Dubsmash-like app. On her page on Douyin, Tian shares everything, from her son’s daily activities, to her pet dogs, to little skits (段子) made up by her and her husband. “Making funny videos, and combining them with music is really interesting,” Tian said. “Of course, I make the videos for fun because it is quite relaxing.”China’s short video market has seen great growth, according to areport. The report said thatChina’s short video market was valued at 5.73 billion yuan ($900 million) in 2017, an increase of 184 percent. The industry value is expected to go up to the 30 billion mark in 2020. Companies like Tencent, Sohu and Iqiyi have all started providing short video content.“Short videos are popular because they are an addition to traditional audio and video content on the internet,” said Sun Jiashan with the Chinese National Academy of Arts.Fans say that the short videos help them “chill out” from a stressed-out lifestyle. “My favorite videos are all about pets,” said Zhou Na, a nurse inHefei, capital of East China’sAnhuiprovince. “After a whole day’s work, watching the 15-second videos makes me laugh, which reduces my pressure.”12. Why does Tian make short videos in Douyin?A. To get fun.B. To become a well-known person.C. To attract fans.D. To record her family’s routine.13. What’s Sun Jiashan’s opinion about short videos?A. They have huge value.B. They greatly reduce people’s pressure.C. They make people’s star dreams come true.D. They enrich internet audio and video content.14. What does the underlined words “chill out” probably mean?A. Catch a cold.B. Feel cold.C. Calm down.D. Become concerned.15. What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Every Chinese is using Douyin.B. China’s short video market is open.C. Douyin brings the Chinese great happiness.D.China’s short video market has developed rapidly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届北京市海淀区高考英语一模试题
2020届北京市海淀区高考英语一模试题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共1小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空．在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空．1．（15分）AAt 8，I started taking art lessons（1）（improve）my painting skills．However，later，I found that I focused too much on mastering different techniques．Eventually，I became more distressed when my expectations weren't matched．So，in the 11th Grade，I returned to the basics．On（2）sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me．Over time，I have been released from the tight control．I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique．In fact，all I need to do is trust my （3）（create）talents and find moments of joy in life．BIn recent years，trampolining （蹦床）has become a new craze among Chinese youths．Short videos（4）（show）people's excitement about jumping back and forth on the colourful trampolines are regularly uploaded to social media．Most videos feature teenagers，but adults too have jumped on the trend，hoping to relive their childhood．Compared with soccer，basketball，tennis or any other competitive sports，（5）various injuries occur from time to time，trampolining is relatively（6）（safe）．However，preparation and safety always come first．You must do warm﹣up exercises before playing and you can't lose concentration during the movements．CA news report shows that China's urban pet consumer market（7）（expect）tobreak through the 200 billion yuan threshold this year．Young people in big cities are the main contributors．Nowadays，with the cost of living rising，young people（8）（suffer）from greater loneliness and pressure．They are busy working all day in a competitive environment，leaving little time for fun and friends．That may explain （9）more and more young people are choosing to keep pets（10）companionship．Apart from relieving loneliness，many scientific studies have shown that keeping a pet reduces stress and may even improve overall health．第二节完形填空（共1小题；每小题L 5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑．2．（30分）I was 11 when I asked my mum for piano lessons．We were in an economic crisis and she'd recently been （1）off．She said a polite "no"．That didn't （2）me．I drew a keyboard onto a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk．I would（3）notes on an online keyboard and "play" them back on my paper one ﹣keeping the sound theymade on the computer in my head．I spent six months playing without （4） a real piano．As my mum found I was （5）about it，she bought me 10 lessons with borrowed money．I still remember the first one．I was （6）by how organic the sound of the pianowas，as I had become familiar with the （7）electronic sound．The teacher was trying to explain where middle C was，but I could （8）play all the major and minor scales．I （9）my grade one after eight lessons and got distinction．By the time I startedsecondary school，we couldn't （10）lessons again，so I returned to my paper keyboard．I passed grade three，then grade five，practising only on my piece of paper．For the grades above that，there′s an （11）that you add a certain sensitivity into your playing．The music teacher at my school said I could practise on the school's grand piano．I would wake up at 5：30 am to get there in time and play until lessons started．I'd （12）lunch and then practise after school until the caretaker kicked me out．At home，I'd have dinner，do three hours of revision，and then （13）practice until 1：00 am．My school didn't offer music A﹣level．I found the Purcell School for young musicians．The audition（试镜）was extremely（14），and I felt overwhelmed．To my amazement，I was offered a （15）．I had been told I had started playing too （16）to reach conservatoire （音乐学院）level，but when I left Purcell，I was awarded the senior piano prize．That was the point when I realized I wasn't behind everyone else．I am now at the Guildhall School in London，where I was offered a scholarship．I feel （17）：it's been 10 years since I drew my paper piano and I'm at one of the world's （18）conservatoires．The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano～what we call mental practice．It （19）key areas of the mind that are less readily accessed by piano playing alone．The paper piano helped stimulate my （20）about how music works．（1）A．laid B．pushed C．dropped D．knocked（2）A．annoy B．bother C．embarrass D．discourage （3）A．take B．sign C．click D．compose（4）A．seeing B．touching C．enjoying D．choosing（5）A．serious B．careful C．hesitant D．nervous（6）A．struck B．puzzled C．comforted D．inspired（7）A．natural B．artificial C．practical D．magical（8）A．only B．still C．hardly D．already（9）A．sat B．joined C．failed D．repeated（10）A．offer B．teach C．afford D．observe（11）A．attitude B．expectation C．opinion D．opportunity （12）A．avoid B．miss C．save D．skip（13）A．social B．mental C．mechanical D．physical（14）A．fascinating B．motivating C．frightening D．challenging （15）A．course B．reward C．place D．certificate （16）A．soon B．late C．hurriedly D．suddenly（17）A．proud B．lucky C．ambitious D．grateful（18）A．grand B．strict C．leading D．expensive（19）A．builds B．covers C．defines D．unlocks（20）A．prediction B．memory C．curiosity D．imagination第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共4小题；每小题6分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑．3．（6分）What are some of your favourite memories of the University？In preparation for each falfs 50th reunion，members of the milestone class are asked to recall campus memories for an annual Memory Book．Here's a small selection of some memories from the Class of 1969．Phyllis Jo Baunach"…I cannot forget the endless hours studying，researching，and learning in the middle of the musty books in the stacks．We did everything by hand! But the joys of ideas coming to life and understanding thorny concepts are priceless．Additionally，I cannot forget the joyful hours of Co﹣Kast rehearsals for student﹣written﹣and﹣directed plays，and the thrill of audiences' responses to our efforts．Nor willI ever forget taking voice lessons at the Eastman School of Music．This course gave meconfidence to try new musical approaches and to think on my feet．"Paul Boehm"…many sweet and lasting memories一five feet of deep snow，getting stranded on the Thruway，music at Hylie Morris's Alley，and，of course，I met my wife of 48 years，Ellen Blazer Boehm from the Class of 1972，when she was a freshman and I was a senior．As a five﹣year chemical engineering major，I had one elective to spare，and Ellen said，'How about oceanography？' So，I enrolled in oceanography with Dr．Taro Takahashi （the famous climate scientist），which awakened my environmental juices，and changed my professional direction．"Farel Vella McClure"…I truly loved my four undergraduate years at the University of Rochester．In fact，I loved it so much that I stayed an extra year to get a master's degree! I was very fortunate tohave been totally immersed in student life on campus．My memories include campaigning and winning a seat on the student government during my freshman year．Other memories include the Susan B．Anthony banquet，and sleeping in the comfy chairs in the library．I was also privileged to be selected as a student representative on the design team for the new Wilson Commons．I．M．Pei，the famous architect who designed the Louvre Pyramid，was the architect for Wilson Commons．We even visited his offices in New York to see the 'master' at work．"（1）According to the passage，Paul Boehm．A．married Ellen Blazer in 1972B．disliked his major in universityC．became a famous climate scientist laterD．discovered his interest in environmental science（2）What can we learn about Farel Vella McClure？A．She was a world﹣famous designer．B．She was active in school activities．C．She had a hard time getting her master's．D．She once met I．M．Pei at the Louvre Pyramid．（3）The three people all talked about．A．their beloved professorsB．their great friendshipC．their learning experiencesD．their beautiful campus4．（8分）Early February，I was flying up to Ohio．Well prepared，I had everything in my favour 一fuel for five hours，charts in order，my flight plan on my lap，and a beautiful clear sky．I was wrong．I had heard about Alberta Clippers coming out of Canada．I knew all about them﹣howan entire air mass was streaming along at over sixty miles an hour．That morning，the Weather Briefer informed me that an Alberta Clipper was going over Chicago about，the time I got to the airport．Chicago was some 400 miles from my destination﹣not a factor，or so I thought．That was the first hint I missed．The controller called and asked if I wanted to adjust my flight plan．I did the check and everything was in the green．So I told him no．Twenty minutes later the controller called again asking whether I wanted to adjust my flight plan．I checked everything．All was fine．I ignored that hint．I was fooled by the smooth air and limited experience with a rapidly moving air mass that was not changing violently．The Alberta Clipper was clipping along．The first blast of turbulence （气流）struck my plane．I got slammed into the roof，and then slammed sideways hitting the window with such force up my nose that I started bleeding．After a 2﹣hour flight of 100 miles，I realized fuel was now an issue．So was landing．I called Flight Following．We figured out the airport I could land．The engine stopped．So did my heart．There is no quiet as quietly stunning as this one at such an altitude．I had run out of fuel in the left tank，and only a little in my right tank．The engine quit fbr a second time．I declared an emergency．I was told that I might get another few minutes of fuel if I gently banked the airplane．Luckily，it worked．Then，the engine quit for the last time．I was a glider now．I made a long lazy spiral descent．Down I went．I stopped at the very end of the runway．I made so many mistakes，missed so many clues，and showed my ignorance so much that I beat myself up over and over again in my mind．I learned textbook descriptions of Alberta Clippers and real﹣life experience with one are totally different．I will never forget the sound of that silence．I flew home the next day．Older．Wiser．Humbler．Lucky．（1）We can know from the passage that Alberta Clippers．A．can bring snowstormsB．are quick﹣moving air massesC．are violently changing air pressureD．can lead to a sudden temperature drop（2）What mainly led to the author's missing all the hints？A．His lack of flying experience．B．His poor preparation for the journey．C．His misjudgement about the air mass．D．His overconfidence in his piloting skills．（3）Which is the right order of the events？a．I declared an emergency．b．My airplane was running out of fuel．c．I insisted on carrying on my flight plan．d．I was thrown to the roof by the violent air mass．e．I slightly banked my airplane and made a landing．A．dcbeaB．dcebaC．cdabeD．cdbae（4）The passage describes．A．a rewarding trainingB．a narrow escapeC．a painful explorationD．a serious accident5．（8分）There is certainly evidence that actors experience a blending of their real self with their assumed characters．For instance，Benedict Cumberbatch said，"My mum says I'm much more impatient with her when I'm filming Sherlock．"Mark Seton，a researcher at the University of Sydney，has even coined the term "post ﹣dramatic stress disorder" to describe the lasting effects experienced by actors who lose themselves in a role．"Actors may often prolong habits of the characters they have embodied，" he writes．A recent finding doesn't involve acting，and it indicates that merely spending some timethinking about another person seemed to rub off on the volunteers sense of self led by Meghan Meyer at Princeton University．Across several studies，these researchers asked volunteers to first rate their own personalities，memories or physical attributes，and then to perform the same task from the perspective of another person．For instance，they might score the emotionality of various personal memories，and then rate how a friend or relative would haveexperienced those same events．After taking the perspective of another，the volunteers scored themselves once again：the consistent finding was that their self﹣knowledge was now changed﹣their self﹣scores had shifted to become more similar to those they'd given for someone else．For instance，if they had initially said the trait term "confident" was only moderately related to themselves and then rated the term as being strongly related to a friend's personality，when they came to rescore themselves，they now tended to see themselves as more confident．Remarkably，this morphing of the self with another was still apparent even if a 24﹣hour gap was left between taking someone else's perspective and re﹣rating oneself．"By simply thinking about another person，we may adapt our self to take the shape of that person，"said Meyer and her colleagues．That our sense of self should have this quality might be a little discouraging，especially for anyone who has struggled to establish a firm sense of identity．Yet there is an optimistic message here，too．The challenge of improving ourselves一or at least seeing ourselves in a more positive light﹣might be a little easier than we thought．By roleplaying or acting out the kind of person we would like to become，or merely by thinking about and spending time with people who embody the kind of attributes we would like to see in ourselves，we can find that our sense of self changes in desirable ways．"As each of us chooses who to befriend，who to model，and who to ignore，" write Meyer and her colleagues，"we must make these decisions aware of how they shape not only the fabric of our social networks，but even our sense of who we are．"（1）The first two paragraphs mainly．A．state that acting requires skillsB．explain the stress that an actor facesC．show that a role leaves a mark on the actorD．stress the importance of devoting oneself to a role（2）What does the underlined phrase "rub off on" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？A．Influence．B．Strengthen．C．Confuse．D．Determine．（3）According to the study，taking the perspective of another person．A．brings changes to one's self﹣knowledgeB．motivates one to better understand himselfC．helps people deal with their identity problemsD．produces temporary effects on one's character（4）What is the significance of the study？A．It offers instructions on making friends．B．It proposes a means to improve ourselves．C．It gives advice on adjusting one's emotions．D．It presents a way to deal with stress disorder．6．（8分）In college，I was taught an elegant theory of chemical combination based on excess electrons going into holes in the orbital shell of a neighbouring atom．But what about diatomic compounds like oxygen gas？Don't ask；students aren't ready to know．In physics，in biology，in any other science classes，students frequently get that answer too．It's time to trust students to handle doubt and diversity in science．Actually，students are starting to act．They have shamed their seniors into including more diverse contributors as faculty members and role models．Young scholars rudely ask their superiors why they fail to address the extinction crises clarified by their research．The inherited authoritarian political structures of science education are becoming lame一but still remain largely unchanged from the old school days．A narrow，rigid education does not prepare anyone fbr the complexities of scientificresearch，applications and policy．If we discourage students from inquiring into the real nature of scientific truths，or exploring how society shapes the questions that researchers ask，how can we prepare them to maintain public trust in science in our "post﹣truth" world？Diversity and doubt produce creativity；we must make room for them，and stop guiding future scientists into narrow specialties that value technique over thought．In science，even foundational building blocks can be questioned．The unifying patterns of the periodic table are now questioned under closer examination．Some scientists now wonder whether the concept of biological "species" contributes more confusion than insight，and whether it should therefore be abandoned．However，such a decision would affect conservation policy，in which identification of endangered species is crucial一so it is not just an issue for basic science．Science students generally remain unaware that concepts such as elements and species are contested or are even contestable．In school，college and beyond，curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective．Public arguments among scientists often presume that every problem has just one solution．Nonetheless，uncertain advice on complex issues should be a warning that，from a future perspective，today's total scientific consensus on some policy issue might have been the result of stubbornness， a conflict of interest or worse．Just as a healthy democracy accommodates dissent and dissonance，the collective consciousness of science would do well to embrace doubt and diversity．This could start with teaching science as a great，flawed，ongoing human achievement，rather than as a collection of cut﹣and﹣dried eternal （永久的）truths．I recall a legendaiy chemistry professor who was not skilful at getting classroom demonstrations to work一but discussing what went wrong helped his students to thrive．A mathematician friend let pupils discuss every statement in the textbook until all were satisfied．They did very well in exams，and taught themselves when he was absent．Treating people at all levels as committed thinkers，whose asking teaches us all，is the key to tackling the challenges to science in the post﹣trust age．（1）The problem of current science training is that．A．students cannot become specialistsB．it goes against established science educationC．students lose trust in their teachers and professorsD．it fails to provide students with what they need in future（2）The periodic table is mentioned to prove that．A．even the widely accepted can be challengedB．students are generally ignorant of scienceC．most previous researches are out of dateD．science has been developing with time（3）It can be learnt from the passage that．A．students may be more innovative if they are allowed to doubtB．science students do not contest elements or speciesC．students should not trust established scienceD．diversity prevents progress in science（4）Which of the following statements best represents the writer′s opinion？A．Our curricula highlight the technical and hide the reflective．B．Science should be a collection of cut﹣and﹣dried eternal truths．C．Teachers should treat people at all levels as committed thinkers．D．The concept of biological species brings more confusion than insight．第二节（共1小题；每小题10分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项．选项中有两项为多余选项．7．（10分）Is there a link between social media and depression？Do social media have a negative impact on your mental health？It's complicated．In a recent study，the investigators compared social media use and depression between teens．（1）Specifically，for every hour per day that one teen spent on social media more than her peers，she likely had a 0.64﹣point higher depression score．A different study published in 2018 identified five distinct types of social mediausers．The finding was that "problematic social media use" was one of the main themes for people whose mental health was affected by social media．You can have alcohol in your life without it being a problem，or your alcohol use may become problematic．（2）There's one important thing to remember about survey research﹣just because two things happen together，it's not necessarily true that one causes the other．（3）For all we know，it could be that people who are already more depressed choose to spend more time on social media．（4）If you think that we shouldn't paint social media with one broad brush，you're on the right track．On the one hand，participants often described social media as a valuable way to cope with stress．On the other hand，cyberbullying via social media was alsoa common experience for participants．Some also said that constantly checking their ownsocial media profile was stressful．It's certainly possible that experiences like cyberbullying，comparing yourself to idealized images，and constantly monitoring your profile，are bad for your mood．It's also true for many that social media offer community support and positive messages．Given the inconclusive research，it's safe to say that at least we shouldn't write off social media altogether．（5）Anyway，you cannot use it as a crutch fbr coping with other stressors and mental health problems．A．It's the same with social media．B．Social media can be a double﹣edged sword．C．People get more opinionated about the potential problems of social media．D．They found that those who used social media more had higher depression scores．E．They reviewed all existing research and found that there were both benefits and drawbacks．F．The key to benefiting from social media may lie in using it in moderation and staying socially connected．G．For example，just because higher social media use co﹣occurs with higher levels of depression doesn't mean social media use causes depression．第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）8．（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．你的美国朋友Jim得知你对探月感兴趣，发来邮件和你讨论该话题．请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1．月亮在中国文化中的寓意；2．你对人类探月活动的看法．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．提示词：探月moon explorationDear Jim，__________Yours，Li Hua 第二节（20分）9．（20分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．请根据下面四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你确定大学志愿的过程．注意：词数不少于60．。
2020届北京市海淀区教师进修学校附属实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案
2020届北京市海淀区教师进修学校附属实验学校高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf you are looking for recommendations on biographies(传记) that will educate you, comedies that will make your belly ache or stories that present the unique challenges women face every day, read on.“Pride and Prejudice”by Jane AustenA classic thatnever gets old. Set in ruralEnglandin the early 19th century, this tale centers around the Bennet family, a family of five daughters and their two parents who are desperate to find at least one of the daughters a wealthy match. Austen’s story focuses on the tension between marrying for love instead of just for power and fame, and also the unique pressure on women to find financial security by way of marriage at the time.“Women in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the WorldWomen in Science: 50 Fearless Pioneers Who Changed the World”by Rachel IgnotofskyIt is a sweetly illustrated and educational book that highlights the contributions of 50 women in the fields of technology, science, engineering and mathematics, from present day all the way back to 360 AD.“Good Night Stories for Rebel GirlsGood Night Stories for Rebel Girls”by Elena FavilliIt tells the stories of female heroes from years ago and present day. With color1 portraits and biographies that are short and sweet, this book is a page-turner for anyone wanting to learn about influential women in the past and present.“Becoming”by Michelle ObamaWe wouldn’t be able to write this list without including Michelle Obama’s memoir. “Becoming” has the former FLOTUS discussing her childhood, family, motherhood, her own FLOTUS impact, the pressures of being part of the first Black family in the White House and balancing her public life now. And of course she writes all about meeting her husband and the many unique challenges they faced too.1. What didthe Bennetsintend to do?A.To marry their daughters to rich men.B.To lessen pressure on their daughters.C. To help their daughters marry for true love.D. To make their daughters financially independent.2. Whose book will attract a teen interested in science?A. Jane Austen’s.B.Rachel Ignotofsky’s.C.Elena Favilli’s.D.Michelle Obama’s.3.What do the four books have in common?A.They are all classics.B.They are all biographies.C.They are all related to the female.D. They are all about heroes.BAfter almost an entire year of not going shopping and vacationing, you find the numbers reflected by your bank account meet your heart’ s desire.Now the most important question comes, what to do with the earnings? Should you fulfill dreams of the present, invest in preserving the future or perhaps keep saving it for a rainy day?Our elders always try to teach us the value of money and its moral weakness. One may be on a winning streak (连续成功) now, but it will not always be so. One will have days when there will be no sunshine but only rain, and their luck will hide behind those thick grey clouds. Save for those rainy days, they say. Do not spend too much, live within a budget,refrain fromcredit no matter how small and save for the future.Since the very first time we earn our own money from a summer job or earning our first salary, the lessons start. In fact, the pocket money that we receive when we are children begins the process of learning how to best manage one’ s money.People often think like this — one day when I have enough money, I will travel the world. Then, once we do earn enough money, tomorrow’ s plans start shadowing our present ones. However, is it wise to keep living for that future? Will we still enjoy or even be able to backpack in our 50s? How will we ever enjoy our present if we are constantly living for the future?Good questions, aren’ t they? I say travel but don’ t let yourself run dry, treat yourself to some luxuries but also keep enough for your necessities, and enjoy your present but with a plan for the foreseeable future. Life is for the living, so live it sensibly.4. Why do elders teach us to save money?A. Because there are more rainy days in life.B. Because no one can win streak.C. Because good days may end.D. Because money can’t buy everything.5. What does the underlined phrase “refrain from” mean in Paragraph 3?A. select fromB. hold backC. rely onD. prefer to6. Which of the following opinions would the author agree?A. To enjoy yourself in the right time.B. To wait to travel until we have enough money.C. To go backpacking in our 50s.D. To live for the future.7. What should we do with the earnings according to the author?A. We should save all for rainy days.B. We should fulfill our dreams.C. We should entertain ourselves.D. We should live the present wisely.CThe beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning, but is running on the sand good for your body? It can be, but it’s important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.Running on the beach can be a good thing. It’s certainly different from running on a track or a pavement. For starters, sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven (不平坦的) surface. As you push off, you’re going to lose some of your push as the sand moves. So, you’re not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or a pavement. But this unevenness has anupside: It gives your body an extra workout, forcing you to exercise muscles that don’t get as much use during runs on firm surfaces. For example, your feet, ankles and lower back might feel sorer and more tired than usual after a beach run just because the surface is constantly moving and changing step to step.You also might feel sore afterward because beaches tend to slope (倾斜) down to the water. If you’re going for a long run on the beach, you might notice that one side of your body might feel sorer because you’re putting more pressure on it due to the slope.Some beach runners prefer to run barefoot — not wearing anything on feet. However, if you’re not used to barefoot running, start slowly and don’t run long distances at first. That’s because running barefoot uses moredifferent muscles than running with shoes does, and it’s important to strengthen these muscles and adapt your feet. If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it, go for it!Running on the sand can be a smart choice for you, because running on softer ground surfaces can reduce muscle damage.8. Why is it difficult to run on the beach for starters?A. The soft surface makes people fall over easily.B. People need to run carefully on its smooth surface.C. Running on its uneven surface takes much effort.D. It’s hard to keep one’s balance on its hard surface.9. Which of the following best explains “upside” underlined in Paragraph 2?A. Advantage.B. Reason.C. Character.D. Challenge.10. What’s the author’s attitude to barefoot running?A. Critical.B. Supportive.C. Doubtful.D. Uncaring.11. The passage can probably be found in ______.A. A primary school textbookB. A tourist guideC. A sports magazineD. A scientific reportDPlastic is piling up in ecosystems all over the world. Although its harmful impacts on both species and ecosystems have been documented, a few animals—like bowerbirds and hermit crabs—are doing what they can to recycle it. And according to a recent study, wild bees in Canada have joined the effort, which is a rare observation of behavioral flexibility in species especially insects, in increasingly plastic-rich environments.The researchers found two species of leafcutter bees putting plastic into their nests. One of the bees they studied, the alfalfa leafcutter bee, normally bites off pieces of leaves and flowers while the second bee gathers sticky substances from trees. Leafcutter bees don't build big nests or store honey like honeybees, choosing instead small nests in underground holes, tree holes or cracks（裂缝）in buildings. But the researchers found that three of eight brood cells（育雏巢室）contained pieces of plastic bags, replacing 23 percent of the cut leaves in each cell on average.While they don't make honey,alfalfa leafcutter bees still make money for theU. S. and Canadian farmers by pollinating（给......传授花粉）crops including alfalfa , carrots and melons. The European insects were introduced toNorth America in the 1930s for that purpose, and they've since become wild, joining the continent's many native species of leafcutter bees.In a separate study conducted in Argentina between 2017 and 2018, researchers found a bee nest made entirely of plastic, which consisted of three separate cells. It's the first known example of such construction worldwide. Compared to the other nests the researchers examined, which were made of natural materials, this one had a pretty lower success rate of the bees' survival. One of the cells had a dead baby bee , another seemed to have housed an adult that had left the nest, and the third was unfinished.12. What does the animals' use of plastic show according to the study?A. How widely plastic is used.B. How strange the behavior of wildlife is.C. How some wildlife is adapting to plastic.D. How plastic pollution has harmed them.13. What do leaves mean to alfalfa leafcutter bees?A. Food.B. Shelter.C A plastic substitute. D. Traditional nest materials.14. Which is one characteristic of leafcutter bees?A. They have great economic value.B. They store honey like honeybees.C. They prefer to live in tree holes.D. They have evolved into a new species.15. What was the nest made entirely of plastic like?A. It might be warmer.B. It might be unhealthy.C. It might be easy to finish.D. It might be recyclable.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届北京市海淀区高考英语一模试卷
高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）ARay Tokuda，a 54-year-old Japanese American，is proud of the title his school has given him．He is a Shifu，a Chinese word literally meaning a master，mentor or senior practioner of martial arts．Tokuda has reason to be proud．He has been involved with Chinese martial arts for almost four decades．After learning them at the martial arts school in New Mexico State，today he is among the most experienced kung fu teachers of the school．Practicing martial arts two to three hours and helping students improve their skills have become Tokuda's daily routine．He expects to practice and teach martial arts for the rest of his life．"I'm still learning．It's worth more than a lifetime to learn Chinese martial arts，" he said．"Once I started，I just couldn't stop．I think it's also the magic of Chinese culture．" Tokuda was sent to the martial arts school when he was 10．He still remembers how unwilling he was when starting out．"My father had always wanted to learn Chinese martial arts but never got the chance，so he put his kid in，" he said．"I was so afraid at that time because I thought kung fu was all about fighting．"But things changed after he learned that martial arts were more than punching and kicking．"One of the things martial arts teach me is overcoming adversity，" Tokuda said．"As a little kid，my first lesson was like，oh，look，this is a thing that I can get through by diligence，perseverance（毅力）and dedication，and that was priceless for my life．"Learning Chinese martial arts opened a gateway for him to better understand Chinese culture because he could hear a lot of ancient Chinese kung fu-related stories．"It is like in America，where we hear stories about knights in shining armor and King Arthur and noble deeds done，" he said．"I feel martial arts preserve something of ancient China that can't be found in books．They are sort of an oral history．"Tokuda has also been invited to various events in his home state to showcase traditional Chinese culture，including the dragon dance and lion dance，which he also learnt at the martial arts school．Because of this，he is now considered a cultural envoy （使者）in the eyes of the public．1.Tokuda didn't want to learn kung fu because he had thought it was ______ ．A. practicalB. magicalC. violentD. difficult2.From the passage，what can we learn about Tokuda？______A. He learnt martial arts from his father．B. He is the founder of the kung fu school．C. He learnt from martial arts how to deal with difficulties．D. He is the most experienced kung fu teacher of his state．3.Which of the following words can best describe Tokuda？______A. Modest and friendly．B. Devoted and persevering．C. Talented and humorous．D. Motivated and considerate．BNew App Helps People Remember Faces Large gatherings such asweddings and conferences can be socially overwhelming．Pressure tolearn people's names only adds to the stress．A new facial-recognition appcould come to the rescue，but privacy experts recommend proceeding withcaution．The app，called SocialRecall，connects names with faces via smartphone cameras and facial recognition，potentially avoiding the need for formal introductions．"It breaks down these social barriers we all have when meeting somebody，" says Barry Sandrew，who created the app and tested it at an event attended by about 1，000 people．After receiving an invitation to download SocialRecall from an event organizer，the user is asked to take two selfies and sign in via social media．At the event，the app is active within a previously defined geographical area．When a user points his or her phone camera at an attendee's face，the app identifies the individual，displays the person's name，and links to his or her social media profile．To protect privacy，it recognizes only those who have agreed to participate．And the app's creators say it automatically deletes users' data after an event．Ann Cavoukian，a privacy expert who runs the Privacy by Design Center of Excellence praises the app's creators for these protective measures．She cautions，however，that when people choose to share their personal information with the app，they should know that "there may be unintended consequences down the road with that information being used in another context that might come back to bite you．"The start-up has also developed a version of the app for individuals who suffer from prosopagnosia，or "face blindness，" a condition that prevents people from recognizing individuals they have met．To use this app，a person first acquires an image of someone's face，from either the smartphone's camera or a photograph，and then tags it with a name．When the camera spots that same face in real life，the previously entered information is displayed．The collected data are stored only on a user's phone，according to the team behind the app．4.SocialRecall is used to ______ ．A. take photosB. identify peopleC. organize eventsD. make friends5.Paragraph 3 is mainly about ______ ．A. how the app worksB. how the app was createdC. what makes the app popularD. what people can do with the app6.SocialRecall helps people with prosopagnosia by ______ ．A. giving names to the photos kept in their smartphonesB. collecting information previously entered in the phoneC. providing the information of a person when they first meetD. showing the person's information when it spots a stored face7.What can we learn about SocialRecall from the passage？______A. It may put people's privacy at risk．B. It has caused unintended consequences．C. It can prevent some communication disorders．D. It is praised by users for its protective measures．CGOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience．That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school，which might not be so encouraging．But is it actually true？Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen，in Germany，thought she would try to find out．Her result，however，is not quite what might be expected．As she reports in Psychological Science this week，she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational （职业的）training for work．However，it was not the case that university broadened minds．Rather，work seemed to narrow them．Dr．Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2，095 German youngsters．The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers．One was of personality traits，including openness，conscientiousness（认真）and so on．The other was of attitudes，such as realistic，investigative and enterprising．They administered both tests twice-once towards the end of each volunteer's time at school，and then again six years later．Of the original group，382 were on the intermediate track，from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes，and it was on these that the researchers focused．University beckoned for 212 of them．The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job．When it came to the second round of tests，Dr．Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly．Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality，either-except in one crucial respect．They had become more conscientious．That sounds like a good thing，certainly compared with the common public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones．But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying．In the university group，again，none were detectable．But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature．And that might restrict their choice of careers．Some investigative and enterprising jobs，such as scientific research，are，indeed beyond the degreeless．But many，particularly in Germany，with its tradition of vocational training，are not．The researchers mention，for example，computer programmers and finance-sector workers as careers requiring these traits．If Dr．Golle is correct，and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people's choices，that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration．8.Which of the following can best replace "beckoned for" in Paragraph 2？______A. Examined．B. Attracted．C. Organized．D. Recognized．9.What can we learn from the research？______A. The degreeless have not changed in personalities．B. Going to university is a mind-broadening experience．C. Working straight after school narrows people's minds．D. College students pride themselves on their education．10.According to the last two paragraphs，______ ．A. college students enjoy a very good public imageB. the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitudeC. the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasksD. people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training11.What is the author's attitude towards the finding？______A. Concerned．B. Optimistic．C. Unclear．D. Sceptical．DSmile! It makes everyone in the room feel better because they，consciously or unconsciously，are smiling with you．Growing evidence shows that an instinct for facial mimicry（模仿）allows us to empathize with and even experience other people's feelings．If we can't mirror another person's face，it limits our ability to read and properly react to their expressions．A review of this emotional mirroring appears on February 11 in Trends in Cognitive Sciences．In their paper，Paula Niedenthal and Adrienne Wood，social psychologists at the University of Wisconsin，describe how people in social situations copy others' facial expressions to create emotional responses in themselves．For example，if you're with a friend who looks sad，you might "try on" that sad face yourself without realizing you're doing so．In "trying on" your friend's expression，it helps you to recognize what they're feeling by associating it with times in the past when you made that expression．Humans get this emotional meaning from facial expressions in a matter of only a few hundred milliseconds．"You reflect on your emotional feelings and then you generate some sort of recognition judgment，and the most important thing that results in is that you take the appropriate action-you approach the person or you avoid the person，" Niedenthal says．"Your own emotional reaction to the face changes your perception of how you see the face in such a way that provides you with more information about what it means．"A person's ability to recognize and "share" others' emotions can be prevented when they can't mimic faces．This is a common complaint for people with motor diseases，like facial paralysis（瘫痪）from a stroke，or even due to nerve damage from plastic surgery．Niedenthal notes that the same would not be true for people who suffer from paralysis from birth，because if you've never had the ability to mimic facial expressions，you will have developed compensatory ways of interpreting emotions．People with social disorders associated with mimicry or emotion-recognition damage，like autism（自闭症），can experience similar challenges．"There are some symptoms in autism where lack of facial mimicry may in part be due to limitation of eye contact，" Niedenthal says．Niedenthal next wants to explore what part in the brain is functioning to help with facial expression recognition．A better understanding of that part，she says，will give us a better idea of how to treat related disorders．12.According to the passage，facial mimicry helps ______ ．A. experience one's own feelings clearlyB. change others' emotions quicklyC. respond to others' expressions properlyD. develop friendship with others easily13.We can know from Paragraph 4 and 5 that ______ ．A. people with motor diseases may also suffer from autismB. people born with facial paralysis may still recognize emotionsC. people with social disorders can't have eye contact with othersD. people receiving plastic surgery have difficulty in mimicking faces14.According to Niedenthal，the next step of the study will focus on ______ ．A. how we can treat brain disordersB. what can be done to regain facial mimicryC. how our brain helps us with emotional mirroringD. what part of our brain helps recognize facial expression15.The passage is written to ______ ．A. discuss how people react positively to others' smilesB. draw people's attention to those with social disordersC. introduce a new trend in facial expression recognitionD. explain how emotional mirroring affects people's empathy二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Benefits of Sports Doing sports is a physical，mental and social adventure．It's a great way for children to take a break from academics and release extra energy．It also helps them lead fuller and happier lives as regular sports have proven to improve overall well-being．The physical benefits of doing sports are probably the most obvious．Regardless of your fitness level when you start playing sports，you'll notice an increase in your overall fitness once you're involved．(1) Basketball players focus on strength training；football players work on speed while track athletes train through longer runs．The training process helps promote physical fitness and performances in competitions．(2) Playing sports contributes to mental health，helping to increase confidence andself-worth．A pat on the back，high-five from a teammate，or handshake after a match really boosts a child's confidence．Words of praise and encouragement from the coach，parents and other players raise the self-worth．(3) So after a game，it's a better idea to ask "Did you enjoy the game？" rather than "Did you win？"Children who participate in sports might also benefit from the social aspect，feeling part of a group，building up accountability and leadership．(4) Teamwork involves both being dependable as a teammate and learning to rely on your teammates to achieve a positive outcome．Teamwork breeds accountability and challenges you to be responsible for your actions．Being part of a team gives you an opportunity to be a leader．Discipline is another social advantage．Most organized sports require a strict training and practice schedule．As a student-athlete，you need to balance academics and athletics．(5) There is no shortage of reasons to find a sport to get involved in．Are you ready to go？Pick one and get moving!A．It's not just your body that benefits from sports．B．Therefore，playing sports is going to make you more fit．C．But remember，a child's self-worth should not be distinguished by victory or loss．D．If you play group sports，you'll be part of a team that takes direction from a coach．E．Nearly every sport requires physical activity and the skills needed to be competitive．F．Among these，learning how to function as part of a team is the most important advantage．G．Only with strict discipline can you be successful both in the classroom and in the sports field．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）My Perfect Imperfect Life A few years ago，I was standing at the barre （扶手杠）waiting for my adult ballet class when I heard a voice behind me．"So，do you have this perfect life？"My first reaction was to (21) who was being asked such an odd question．Then I remembered there were only two of us in the room．When I turned (22)，the other woman was looking straight at me．I had no idea how to answer it．Was she (23)？Who has a perfect life？Sure，occasionally I did find the perfect dress or the perfect pair of shoes，(24) never would I use that word to describe anything about me or my life．I felt a twinge of guilt for somehow giving her that (25)．She watched me．I finally (26) to whisper a quick "No"．By then，the teacher had entered the room and turned on the music to start class．With a sigh of(27)，I moved my feet into the best position．But as soon as my knees bent for our first pose，I realized my (28) had been disturbed．This woman's words wouldn't (29) echoing in my thoughts．I wanted to know how she came up with her very mistaken(30)．If she knew anything about my life，she never would have had the (31) to ask me that question．I did my best to do our floor exercises in front of the mirror．For a few moments，I didn't see the usual(32) of my older self attempting to use a beautiful art form to(33) my gracefulness．I only saw the little girl whose father died when she was two，the child who walked home from elementary school every day to an empty house，who learned to sew her own clothes to (34) money．Perfect．My life had been far from it．When those memories (35)，I was left with a vision of the woman I had become，the woman(36) by all those things I considered imperfect．I now saw the woman who had learned to be self-reliant，who(37) her family and her friends，who didn't take life for granted．Was that the "perfect" this woman had detected？I still don't know，but I no longer feel (38) or feel like I must keep track of all the difficult times to prove my life isn't (39)．If ever again asked whether my life is perfect，I would havea different(40)．Because now I see that，despite all its imperfection，it is．21. A. notice B. understand C. wonder D. expect22. A. up B. away C. over D. around23. A. fair B. serious C. anxious D. wise24. A. but B. or C. for D. and25. A. intention B. instruction C. impression D. information26. A. learned B. managed C. agreed D. planned27. A. sadness B. surprise C. pleasure D. relief28. A. concentration B. patience C. confidence D. effort29. A. escape B. keep C. stop D. stand30. A. idea B. advice C. reason D. theory31. A. right B. urge C. excuse D. honor32. A. reflection B. preference C. appearance D. expression33. A. experience B. describe C. replace D. improve34. A. collect B. earn C. spend D. save35. A. faded B. failed C. floated D. flashed36. A. buried B. shaped C. watched D. followed37. A. changed B. welcomed C. valued D. protected38. A. worried B. guilty C. cautious D. desperate39. A. comfortable B. ordinary C. perfect D. meaningful40. A. solution B. message C. approach D. answer四、语法填空（本大题共3小题，共15.0分）41.Old Tom had four sons．He wanted them (1) （learn）not to judge things tooquickly．So he sent them to look at an apple tree in different seasons．The first son went in winter，the second in spring，the third in summer，and the youngest inautumn．When they all came back，he called them together to describe (2) they had seen．The sons had different (3) （opinion）．Tom then told them that they shouldn't judge a tree，or a person，by only one season．42.Everyone (1) （love）snow．But when school stays open despite the snow，it can bereally annoying．However，there is one upside of going to school (2) a cold winter day：you might be smarter．So far，researchers who study the brain (3) （find）that cold temperatures make us think more quickly since messages travel faster among our brain cells．So the scientists say (4) （hang）out on a cold morning may boost the result of any test that day．43. A black hole is a spot in space that has (1) （power）gravity．Its gravity is so strongthat it pulls everything nearby into it，stars，planets and other things．Black holes form when a star dies．When that happens，a huge amount of matter crowds into a very small space，(2) becomes very dense．Black holes (3) （talk）about in 1783 first．That year，one scientist said that in the universe，there might be places with strong gravity to trap light，although he didn't use the term "black hole"．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他暑假将来北京参加"外国人唱中国歌大赛"，希望你为他推荐一首中文歌曲．请给他回邮件，内容包括：1．推荐曲目；2．推荐理由；3．你的祝愿．注意： 1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim，------------Yours，Li Hua45.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，以"A New Way to Explore the Forbidden City"为题，用英语写一篇短文向校刊"英语园地"投稿，记述上周末你带英国朋友Jim游览故宫的全过程．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：二维码 QR code答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】C 【小题3】B【解析】答案：1-3CCB1．C．细节理解题．根据文章第四段he said．"I was so afraid at that time because I thought kung fu was all about fighting．"可知他说："当时我很害怕，因为我觉得功夫就是打架．"由此可见，德田不想学功夫，因为他认为功夫很暴力．故选C．2．C．细节理解题．根据文章第五段"One of the things martial arts teach me is overcoming adversity，" Tokuda said．可知德田说："武术教会我的一件事就是克服逆境．由此可见，他从武术中学会了如何应对困难．故选C．3．B．推理判断题．根据文章第五段Tokuda said．"As a little kid，my first lesson was like，oh，look，this is a thing that I can get through by diligence，perseverance（毅力）and dedication，and that was priceless for my life．"由此可见，德田说："作为一个孩子，我的第一堂课是，哦，看，这是一件我可以通过勤奋、毅力和奉献来完成的事情，这对我的生活来说是无价的．"结合后来他对中国武术的执着和喜爱可知，Devoted and persevering忠心耿耿，坚持不懈．符合德田的性格和经历，故选B．本文主要讲述了一位54岁的日裔美国人雷．德非常喜欢中国武术，他在美国用自己所学的中国武术在传递中国文化．考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．4.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】A【解析】B A D A略略8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】D 【小题4】A【解析】1． B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段 Of the original group， 382 were on the intermediate track， from which there was a choi ce between the academic and vocational routes， and it was on these that the researchers focu sed． University beckoned for 212 of them在原有群体中，382人处于中间轨道，在学术和职业路线之间有选择，研究人员集中在这一点上．大学向其中212人招手．可知意为吸引，招手；故选B．2．C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段However， it was not the case that university broadened minds． Rather， work seemed to n arrow them然而，这并不是大学扩大思想的案例．相反，工作似乎缩小了他们的范围．可知毕业后直接工作会狭隘人们的思维；故选C．3．D．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段Some investigative and enterprising jobs， such as scientific research， are， indeed beyond the degreeless． But many， particularly in Germany， with its tradition of vocational traini ng， are not可知由于职业培训，人们对调查工作的兴趣较少；故选D．4．A．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段 If Dr． Golle is correct， and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germ any prides itself on are narrowing people's choices， that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration可知作者对调查结果的态度是关心的；故选A本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了去大学应该是一种思想拓展的体验，但新的研究表明其实不是这样．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．12.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】D 【小题4】D【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段If we can't mirror another person's face， it limits our ability to read and properly react to thei r expressions如果我们无法镜像另一个人的脸，它限制了我们阅读并对他们的表达做出适当反应的能力．可知面部模仿帮助适当回应其他"表达"；故选C．2．B．细节理解题．根据文章第四段 Niedenthal notes that the same would not be true for people who suffer from paralysis fro m birth， because if you've never had the ability to mimic facial expressions， you will have developed compensatory ways of interpreting emotions可知患有面瘫的人仍可识别情感；故选B．3．D．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段Niedenthal next wants to explore what part in the brain is functioning to help with facial expr ession recognition尼登塔尔接下来想探索大脑中的哪个部位起到帮助面部表情识别的作用．可知根据尼登塔尔，研究的下一步将集中于我们大脑的哪一部分帮助识别面部表情；故选D．4．D．细节理解题．根据文章第一段 Growing evidence shows that an instinct for facial mimicry（模仿） allows us to empathize with and even experience other people's feelings．面部模仿的本能使我们能够同情甚至体验他人的感受．可知文章是为了解释情感镜像如何影响人们的移情；故选D本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了越来越多的证据表明，面部模仿的本能使我们能够同情甚至体验他人的感受．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．16.【答案】【小题1】E 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】F 【小题5】G【解析】E A C F G略略21.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】A 【小题5】C【小题6】B 【小题7】D 【小题8】A 【小题9】C 【小题10】A 【小题11】B 【小题12】A 【小题13】D 【小题14】D 【小题15】A 【小题16】B 【小题17】C 【小题18】B 【小题19】C 【小题20】D【解析】C D B A C B D A C ABA D D A B C B C D41.【答案】【小题1】to learn 【小题2】what/whatever 【小题3】opinions【解析】1． to learn 2． what/whatever 3． opinions略略42.【答案】【小题1】loves 【小题2】on 【小题3】have found 【小题4】hanging【解析】1． loves．考查动词，主语是everyone，一般事实使用一般现在时，故填loves．2． on．考查介词，具体某一天前面用介词on，故填on．3． have found．考查时态，主语是researchers，根据so far，可知使用现在完成时，故填have found．4． hanging．考查非谓语，动名词作主语，在冷天玩耍可能会得到好成绩，故填hanging．文章讲述了一则新发现，在寒冷的冬天去上学可能会更聪明．考查语法填空．做题时要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步结合上下文的逻辑关系以及相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式．43.【答案】【小题1】powerful 【小题2】which 【小题3】were talked【解析】1． powerful．考查形容词，修饰名词gravity，强大的引力，故填powerful．2． which．考查连词，非限定性定语从句，先行词是small space，在定语从句中做主语，故填关系代词which．3． were talked．考查被动，黑洞被谈论，表示被动，根据in 1783，可知填写过去时，holes是复数名词，故填were talked．文章讲述了黑洞的概念，特点以及发展等等．考查语法填空．做题时要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步结合上下文的逻辑关系以及相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式．44.【答案】Dear Jim，How is it going？ I'm so glad to hear you will come to Beijing and participate in the Chinese Singing Competition for Foreigners this summer vacation． For the song to choose， I highl y recommend Moli Hua， Jasmine Flower， which is representative of Chinese folk music．My recommendation is based on the following reasons． First of all， it enjoys wide popularity， so there's no doubt it will attract the audience's attention once you start to sing． Moreo ver， this song has beautiful melody and simple lyrics， which are relatively easy for you to learn in a short time． At the same time， the soothing tunes will make your learning process pleasant and comfortable． I bet you are bound to stand out among all the competitors．I sincerely hope my recommendation can be helpful and wish you a wonderful performance ． When you come to Beijing， remember to let me know， since I'd like to be there to chee r for you．Yours，Li Hua【解析】略略45.【答案】Last weekend， my friend Jim and I tried a new way to explore the Forbidden City， which l eft me a deep impression．（介绍活动内容）To avoid wasting time on the spot for the tickets， we tried making reservations online． Th e whole process just took us several minutes before the message popped out that the tickets ha d been successfully booked（高分句型一）．（预约成功）The next day's visit amazed both of us． On arriving， impressed by the magnificent architec ture， we couldn't wait to start our exploration． While wandering around the galleries， we were attracted by the delicate chinaware． To our excitement， we could scan the QR code t o listen to the introduction， which gave us a deeper insight into their history．（高分句型二）（参观紫禁城的建筑、画廊以及扫码听介绍）In the afternoon， we had a unique experience in the VR theatre． With the VR goggles on， we found ourselves back to the time when the palace was being constructed． As we "buil t" the wall brick by brick， we realized how much effort was put into accomplishing the gran d work of architectural art．（参观VR体验馆）Before we left， I led Jim to the souvenir center for cultural creative products． All the cups ， notebooks and other products there bear certain elements of royal life． Jim was satisfied with his final choice of a Chinese fan． After this visit， I found the Forbidden City both tra ditional and modern because our rich and profound history was made alive here!（离开前购买纪念品）【解析】高分句型：1．The whole process just took us several minutes before the message popped out that the ti ckets had been successfully booked在网上预约成功显示之前，我们预约的整个过程只花费了我们几分钟的时间．该句中before引导一个时间状语从句，而that引导的是一个宾语从句．2．To our excitement， we could scan the QR code to listen to the introduction， which ga ve us a deeper insight into their history．令我们兴奋的是，我们可以扫码收听对紫禁城的介绍，这给了我机会更深的了解他们的历史．该句中To our excitement为介词短语作状语，which引导一个非限制性定语从句．我们在写作文的时候，一般应该把亮点句型放在明显的位置，以便于能够吸引阅卷老师的眼球；同时对于高分句型的使用也要慎重，应该用自己有把握的句子，特别是高考时，应该以正确为首要目的．另外，长短句的搭配使用会使文章显得灵活，不死板，是写作。
2020届北京市海淀区高三一模英语试题(带答案解析)
A news report shows that China's urban pet consumer market7．(expect) to break through the 200 billion yuan threshold this year. Young people in big cities are the main contributors.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In recent years, trampolining (蹦床) has become a new craze among Chinese youths. Short videos4．(show) people's excitement about jumping back and forth on the colourful trampolines are regularly uploaded to social media. Most videos feature teenagers, but adults too have jumped on the trend, hoping to relive their childhood.
I was 11 when I asked my mum for piano lessons. We were in an economic crisis and she'd recently been11off. She said a polite “no”.
2020届北京市海淀区高三一模英语试题(解析版)
Nowadays, with the cost of living rising, young people___8___(suffer) from greater loneliness and pressure. They are busy working all day in a competitive environment, leaving little time for fun and friends. That may explain___9___more and more young people are choosing to keep pets___10___companionship. Apart from relieving loneliness, many scientific studies have shown that keeping a pet reduces stress and may even improve overall health.
For the grades above that, there was an____21____that you add a certain sensitivity into your playing. The music teacher at my school said I could practise on the school's grand piano. I would wake up at 5:30 am to get there in time and play until lessons started. I'd____22____lunch and then practise after school until the caretaker kicked me out. At home, I'd have dinner, do three hours of revision, and then____23____practice until 1:00 am.
2020 年北京市海淀区高三一模 英语试卷(带答案)
2020 年北京市海淀区高三一模英语考试逐题解析第一部分：知识运用（共两节，5 45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
AAt 8, I started taking art lessons (1) ________ (improve) my painting skills. However, later, I found that I focused too much on mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became more distressed when my expectations wer en’t matched.So, in the 11 th Grade, I returned to the basics. On (2) ________ sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released from the tight control. I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique. In fact, all I need to do is trust my (3) ________ (create) talents and find moments of joy in life.1.【答案】to improve【解析】本题考查非谓语做状语；提示词improve 为动词，句子中，前面的代词I 与名词lessons，都不能充当improve 的主语，所以improve 需要做非谓语。
2020届北京市海淀实验中学高三英语一模试卷及答案
2020届北京市海淀实验中学高三英语一模试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIt’s a tempting habit for them to look at their smartphone rather than make eye contact with someone. There is so much to look at: photographs, social media feeds, messages and emails. No wonder they are glued to their screens. But is it good for them?There have been many claims about the damage looking at screens does to our eyesight. Some people feared staring at a small bright box could make us short-sighted. This is a particular concern for children and young people, who spend a higher percentage of time using electronic devices. BBC reporter, Rory Jones, says, “There is enough evidence that no matter how long teenagers are spending looking at screens, they come across information about issues such as anorexia and self-harm that could prove damaging to their mental health.”But a new study says time in front of computers and phones might not be as bad for young people as many think. Research by the Oxford Internet Institute examined data from more than 17,000 teenagers in theUK,Irelandand theUnited States. Their study concluded that most links between life satisfaction and social media use were tiny, accounting for less than 1% of a teenager’s wellbeing. Professor Przybylski, director of research, said, “99.75% of a person’s life satisfaction has nothing to do with their use of social media.” The research found that family, friends and school life all had a greater impact on wellbeing.So, does this mean young people can spend longer looking at social media? TheOxfordresearchers are confident about its findings and that any connection between screen time and mental health is very small. Dr. Max Davie, officer for health improvement at theRoyalCollege, calls the study a “small first step”, but he says there are other issues to explore, such as screen time’s interference(干预) with other important activities like sleep, exercise and time with family or friends. Perhaps for now, the “right” amount of screen time is only a matter of personal judgement.1. What is people’s common belief concerning screen time?A. Looking at screens does harm to young people.B. Screen time provides a chance for teenagers to learn.C. Most teenagers get near-sighted due to looking at screens.D. A small amount of time online does little harm to teenagers.2. What can we learn from the new study by the Oxford Internet Institute?A. Screen time has a great influence on people’s daily activities.B. The right amount of the screen time is related to its content.C. There is a close link between social media and self-satisfaction.D. Social bonds play a more significant role in people’s wellbeing than social media.3. Where is the passage most probably taken from?A. A science fiction.B. A science magazine.C. A research paper.D. An economics book.BYou don't generally expect to put yourself in the public eye whenyou go on vacation. However when a British couple, Jessica and Edward, flew to Crete, they found themselves attracting a lot of attention after coming across a large sum of money in the street.At first, their Crete vacation hadn't been anything outside of the norm. However, it was as they were exploring the souvenir shops that everything changed. The couple were just walking down the street when Jessica suddenly kicked something lying on the ground. It looked a bit like a make-up bag and so they assumed that someone had lost it.Without hesitation, Jessica picked up the bag and opened it. She was shocked to see a lot of money in it-a total of 7,100 Euros. There was probably a lot they could do with all that money. However, the couple didn't have it in them to steal what belonged to someone else. Going to the police was the first thought that came to mind when Jessica saw the money. She didn't consider that there was any other choice, so the couple handed over the money to the local police.The police found the owner, an elderly woman, and informed the couple that the woman wanted to meet them. When they eventually met at the police station, the woman was so overcome with emotion that she wouldn't stop hugging and blessing them, although they insisted they were just doing the right thing.News of what the couple had done quickly made its way around the island. The locals wanted to show them their gratitude. This included receiving free taxi rides and even an offer to have their hotel room upgraded. The couple appreciated the kindness, but it was all getting to be a bit too much. They just wanted to have a normal vacation.They are probably hoping that they fly a little more under the radar during their next vacation. There's only so much attention that these two lovebirds can handle.4. What is the first reaction of the couple after finding the money?A. They decided to do all with that money.B. They bought something in souvenir shops.C. They turned it over to the local police station.D. They tried to look for the owner by themselves.5. Which o£ the following can best describe the locals in Crete?A. Polite and hard-working.B. Kind and grateful.C. Sociable and honest.D. Rich and determined.6. Why do the couple hope to “fly a little more under the radar" in the last paragraph?A. They want to take fewer flights.B. They can't handle more radars.C. They hope to gain less attention.D. They don't have more money.7. What can we learn from the text?A. Good things come to kind people.B. The early bird catchesthe worm.C. Behind bad luck conies good luck.D. Money is too much for strangers.CImagine the feeling of swinging at a baseball going 100 miles per hour—without leaving your living room, or being in race car as it roars down the track, while you are sitting on the couch.These are just some of the ways that sports business leaders say virtual reality (VR) will revolutionize how people train for and experience sports. Virtual and augmented（增强的）realities are together known as mixed reality (MR). “American footballers are already using VR to better train their minds andread the field,” Ludden said. “This can allow players to perfect their skills without risking injury.”Canadian company D-BOX Technologies designs and produces moving seats found in cinema and theme parks. It is now moving into sports, and shows its Formula One (F1) racing simulator（模拟器）. The seats stimulate the force of gravity, speed and every shaking as Fl champion Lewis Hamilton zips around city streets.A simulation seat uses pre-programed data now. Someday, though, it could use real-time information sent by the car. “They couldbroadcast live content through a network in pop-up theaters around the world,” Ludden said. Say you want to experience the true stress of a batter being up against major-league baseball pitcher. “You can have a heartbeat added to the sensation on the seat and then you can feel it, boom, boom,” Maheu explained. “When he swings and hits the ball, you can have an impact.”One day, fans around the world could physically experience every game from their favorite player in real time.Ludden said that current and near-future technology could create “augmented stadiums” for live audiences. Panasonic launched its “Smart Venue” plans which included the overlaying of graphics, advertisements, player statistics and replays on the field of play at a pro football game. “If you are seated in the cheap seats, you can see this really useful.” “Fans may someday join in stadium wide games, using the field as a virtual gaming platform,” Ludden added.8. What does the underlined phrase “read the field” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Get off the playing field.B. Build up a football court.C. Judge the situation on the field.D. Ask players to play on the spot.9. What does Maheu think audiences can do in the future baseball game?A. Enjoy live content in any theater.B. Program the simulation seats in advance.C. Control the force and speed of the baseball.D. Experience the real time game with the player.10. What does Ludden mainly describe in the last paragraph?A. The origin of VR.B. A future stadium.C. An advertisement platform.D. The expectations of audiences.11. What is the main idea of the text?A. VR can improve players' skills for sports.B. VR increases fans' joy in the baseball game.C. VR can improve sports experience for players and fans.D. VR promises a new future for football players and games.DThe prevalence of melanoma (黑素瘤) has been rapidly rising around the world for nearly a century. While some of the increase may be due to better detection, researchers also believe it’s because we’re spending more time outdoors in the sun, vacationing to warmer climates during the winter and using tanning beds. That rise is concerning, since melanoma is the most dangerous kind of skin cancer.Most of us know to cover up and apply sunscreen on hot, sunny days, but when fall arrives, we tend to drop those habits. Experts warn that’s a mistake. Though there’s less need for sun protection after summer ends, exposure to UV rays still adds up.What precautions you should take to defend against melanoma during the cooler months depends on whereyou are in the world. That’s because the further away you are from the equator, the more UV rays weaken in the winter. “In southern England or Canada, the daily dose of UVA on a clear summer day is 6.5 times higher than on a clear winter day,” says Professor Brian Diffey of the British Association of Dermatologists. “People in those countries typically receive only about 5% of their annual UV exposure in the winter months.”But no matter where you are, even during colder, lower risk months, it’s a mistake to put your sun-protection habits on ice. “It’s important to wear sun-screen when there is a lot of glare from the snow,” says Victoria Mar, director of the Victorian Melanoma Service at Alfred Hospital in Melbourne, Australia.Finally, you should monitor your moles(痣). “Early detection of melanoma is vital for successful treatment,” says Diffey. If it’s caught before it spreads to other parts of the body, the patient will have 99 % of chance to survive for five years. If it’s caught late, that can drop to 25%. Warning signs are a mole that’s changing size, shape or colour, or one that’s asymmetrical — sometimes referred to as “ugly duckling” moles. If you have concerns, talk to your doctor.12. What’s the main cause of the rise ofmelanoma?A. The climate change.B. Better detection.C. More exposure to the sun.D. The increase ofskin cancer.13.What’s a mistake according to experts?A. Applying sunscreen in summer.B. Wearing sun-screen when there is snow.C. Using sunscreen during lower risk months.D. Dropping sun-protection habits in winter.14. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. Prevention is better than cure.B. Health is better than wealth.C. A disease known is half cured.D. When the sun comes in, the doctor comes out.15. What is the best title of the text?A. Detect Melanoma.B. Beware Winter Rays.C. Monitor Your Moles.D. Spend Less Time Outdoors.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年北京市海淀实验中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析
2020年北京市海淀实验中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIn his 402nd anniversary year, Shakespeare is still rightly celebrated as a great language master and writer. But he was not the only great master of play writing to die in 1616, and he is certainly not the only writer to have left a lasting influence on theater.While less known worldwide, Tang Xianzu is considered one of Chinas greatest playwrights and is highly spoken of in that country of ancient literary and dramatic traditions.Tang was born in 1550 inLinchuan,Jiangxiprovince. Unlike Shakespeare's large body of plays,poems and sonnets (十四行诗), Tang wrote only four major plays: The Purple Hairpin, Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》), A Dream under the Southern bough, and Dream of Handan. The latter three were constructed around a dream narrative, a way through which Tang unlocked the emotional dimension of human desires and ambitions and explored human nature beyond the social and political limits of that time.Similar to Shakespeare, Tang's success rode the wave of a renaissance (复兴) in theater as an artistic practice. As in Shakespeare'sEngland, Tang's works became hugely popular inChinatoo. During Tang'sChina, his plays were enjoyed performed, and changed. Kunqu Opera, a form of musical drama, spread from southernChinato the whole nation and became a symbol of Chinese culture. Combining northern tune and southern music, kunqu Opera was known for its poetic language, music, dance movements and gestures. Tang's works benefited greatly from the popularity of kunqu Opera, and his plays are considered classics of kunqu Opera.While Tang and Shakespeare lived in a world away from each other, there are many things they share in common, such e humanity of their drama, their heroic figures, their love for poetic language, a lasting popularity and the anniversary during which we still celebrate them.1. Why is Shakespeare mentioned in the first paragraph?A. To describe Shakespeare's anniversary.B. To introduce the existence of Tang Xianzu.C. To explain the importance of Shakespeare.D. To suggest the less popularity of Tang Xianzu.2. What's possibly one of the main theme of Tang's works?A. Social reality.B. Female dreams.C. Human emotions.D. Political environment.3. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of Kunqu Opera on Tang's works.B. Tang's success in copying Shakespeare's styles.C. The way Kunqu Opera became a symbol of Chinese culture.D. Tang's popularity for his poetic language and music.BByteDance（字节跳动）Group’s TikTok, an overseas version of Chinese short video sharing app Douyin, faces an existential crisis in the United States, as murmurs of a “crackdown”（强制取缔）from the White House forced the Chinese company toengage in talks on selling its US business to Microsoft.TikTok is the fastest-growing registered global mobile internet app, with more than 100 million users, and its rapid growth, especially in the US, is seen as a threat to Facebook. The US government has long viewed globally competitive Chinese high-tech companies including Huawei as a threat and done whatever it could to crack down on（打击）them in the name of “national security”.The US government has not introduced any specific policy against TikTok only threatened it through a number of unclear statements.According to the latest media reports, Microsoft is prepared to press ahead withthe negotiations to take over TikTok’s US operations and complete the negotiations by Sept 15, following talks between Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella and US President Donald Trump.This means that TikTok will have to hand its fate over to some unpredictable power, and even have to sell its assets without the option of setting a price.The US government has failed to find a reasonable legal excuse to deal with TikTok. All private data of TikTok’s US users are stored in the US and are unlikely to be transferred. Considering the US government is trying to deal with TikTok in a political way, TikTok should consider incorporating（合并）the dispute into the US legal process to assert（坚持）its legal rights and interests.TiKTok’s core value lies in its unique algorithms,a product of artificial intelligence that represents the expertise of Chinese engineers and programmers with high-value intellectual property.The US government’s move, which has forced ByteDance to sell TikTok to a US company, is similar to a forced technology transfer and an example of the US’ openseizureof Chinese intellectual property.If ByteDance sells TikTok to a US company for “security reasons", that would set a dangerous precedent, motivating other countries where TikTok operates to follow the US administration's example and cause a chain reaction.ByteDance is a young Chinese private company that cannot deal with a political game played by the US. But as a Chinese company that has gone global, ByteDance has reasons to take up legal means to defend its legal rights. The Chinese government can also consider examining whether the technology transfer in the deal violates China’s law and harms the country’s national interests.4. What is the most valuable as for TikTok?A. Its global popularity.B. Its artificial intelligence.C. Its registered global mobile internet app.D. Its private data of TikTok’s worldwide users.5. Why does the American government force the Chinese company to hand over TikTok’s US operations to a US company?A. Out of so-called political reasons.B. Out of so-called debt reasons.C. Out of so-called technical reasons.D. Out of so-called security reasons.6. What does the underlined word “seizure”probably mean in Para. 8?A. An untrue spoken statement about someone.B. The use of legal authority to take sth from sb.C. The crime of stealing sth from a person or place.D. The act of trying to hurt somebody using physical violence.7. What can be the best title for the news report?A. TikTok must defend its rights legallyB. TikTok is seen as a threat to FacebookC. ByteDance has to sell TikTok to a US companyD. ByteDance agrees to transfer technologyCConcrete is the world's most consumed material after water. Because it already surrounds us in the built environment, researchers have been exploring the idea of using concrete to store electricity—turning buildings into giant batteries. The idea has been gaining ground as we have come to increasingly rely on renewable energyfrom the wind and sun: rechargeable batteries are necessary when the breeze dies down or darkness falls.Experimental concrete batteries have only managed to hold a small part of what a traditional battery does. But one team now reports in Buildings that it has developed a rechargeable original model that could represent a more than 900 percent increase in stored charge, compared with earlier attempts.A live-in concrete battery might sound unlikely. Still, "you can make a battery out of a potato," notes Aimee Byrne. In a future where sustainability is key, she likes the idea of buildings that avoid waste by providing shelter and powering electronics.Although the new design stores more than 10 times as much power as earlier attempts, it still has a long way to go: 200 square meters of it "can provide about 8 percent of the daily electricity consumption" of a typical U.S. home, Zhang says.This is not enough to compete with today's rechargeable devices. "We're getting milliamps (毫安) out of concrete batteries—we're not getting amps (安培), "Byrne says." We're getting hours as opposed to days of charge." But she adds that" concrete batteries are completely in their childhood, compared to other battery designs." The earliest batteries were simple andbulky. Researchers experimented with new materials and designs for more than a century to develop today's small devices. Byrne suggests concrete-based energy storage could undergo a similar evolution. "The whole idea is that we're looking far into the future," she says. "We're playing the long game with it."8. What can we learn about the concrete batteries?A. They become increasingly renewable.B. They are the most consumed batteries.C. They are being developed by researchers.D. They will replace energy from the wind and sun.9. Why does Byrne mention a battery out of a potato?A. To show it is easy to build concrete batteries.B. To argue it is possible to develop concrete batteries.C. To make her statement more interesting.D. To call on people to protect the environment.10. What does the underlined word "bulky" in Paragraph 5 mean?A. HeavyB. CheapC. EfficientD. Small.11. What doesByrne think of concrete batteries?A. They beat today's rechargeable devices.B. They are simple and bulky.C. They have a doubtful future.D. They have a long way to go.DA North Atlantic right whale calf(幼崽) was discovered dead on the beach of an island off North Carolina. The male newborn was found on North Core Banks, part of the Cape Lookout National Seashore. The reports indicate that the animal died during birth or shortly after, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA). Scientists took DNA to determine the calf’s mother.This is the beginning of the right whale’s reproduction(繁殖) season, which begins mid-November and runs through mid-April. NOAA called this death a disastrous start to the season. Each new right whale calf brings so much hope for this badly endangered animals, and losses like this have a great impact on their recovery, NOAA said.The right whale is one of the rarest marine mammals(哺乳动物) in the world, according to NOAA. They will soon be extinct unless something is done to save it, researchers warn. This kind of whale has been experiencing an Unusual Death Event over the past three years, according to NOAA. Since 2017, at least 32 dead and 13 seriously wounded whales have been documented by the organization. “This means more than 10 percent of the remaining population,” according to NOAA.NOAA posted a piece of news on Monday, the same day they announced the calf’s death, warning boaters to be watchful as the whales are migrating(迁徙) nearly 1,000 miles along the Atlantic Coast. The organization calls for boaters to be watchful, slow down and to give these endangered whales plenty of room. They also ask all fishermen to remove their unused nets from the ocean to help avoid possibledamage.12. Why did scientists take DNA of the calf?A. To save its mother.B. To confirm its identity.C. To determine the time of its death.D. To uncover the cause of its death.13. How many right whales are left according to the passage?A. About 40.B. About 50.C. About 400.D. About 500.14. What do we know aboutNorth Atlanticright whales?A. Their reproduction season usually last about half a year.B. They are the rarest marine mammals in the world.C. They are experiencing a high death rate of newborns.D. Their habitat runs nearly 1,000 miles along the coast.15. What’s the main purpose of the news posted on Monday?A. To announce the calf’s unusual death.B. To remind boaters to watch the whales.C. To protect the boats against the whales.D. To assist the whales’ seasonal migration.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届北京海淀外国语实验学校高中部高三英语一模试题及参考答案
2020届北京海淀外国语实验学校高中部高三英语一模试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADive with Big SharksOur shark dive adventures make use of hookah systems and shark cages. A hookah system is a system of providing air from the surface to divers down below. Cage divers breathe by using a regulator connected to an air hose.Is SharkDiving Dangerous?Yes. You could get sunburnt. You could hit your head on the top bunk getting out of bed. You could fall overboard. As for a shark attack, according to the International Shark Attack File, you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or a deer.Pricing & DetailsOne day Cage Diver Adventure $ 875Our expert shark diver team will accompany you to the best viewing areas within the Marine Sanctuary. There, we'll drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view you'll never forget.No dive experience is necessary. Our cages sit just below the surface. You'll be able to breathe comfortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage, taking photos and having fun.Top Shark Adventure $ 375If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away, we offer great top-side shark viewing from our observation deck(甲板). Help scan the horizon for fins and watch for sharks attacking their prey(猎物).Important NoteThere's No Shark GuaranteeAlthough we go to the best places at the best time of year, we cannot guarantee you'll see sharks. We've been very successful in past shark seasons and expect another incredible year. However, if we see no sharks, there is no refund(退款).1.Which of the following is TRUE about the two adventures?___________.A.Top Shark Adventure makes use of hookah systems.B.Cage Diver Adventure offers you a view of the bottom of the sea.C.Cage Diver Adventure is less interesting than the other.D.Top Shark Adventure is suitable for those worried about danger.2.We can learn from the advertisement that there might be a risk that____________.A.you fail to achieve your purpose of the tripB.you are out of breath deep down in the seaC.you are hurt by a shark while diving thereD.you suffer from lack of skill in shark diving3.It can be inferred from the advertisement that shark diving is____________.A.difficult but excitingB.challenging and tiringC.amazing and enjoyableD.expensive but popularBExperts are warning about the risks of extremely picky(挑剔的)eating after a teenager living on a diet of chips and crisps developed lasting sight loss. Eye doctors inBristolcared for the 17-year-old after his sight had gone to the point of blindness. Tests showed he had serious vitamin deficiency(缺乏). Dr. Denize Atan, who treated him at the hospital, said, “His diet was basically a portion of chips from the local fish and chip shop every day. He also used to snack on crisps and sometimes white bread and ham, and not really any fruit and vegetables.”The teenager saw his doctor at the age of 14 because he had been feeling tired and unwell. At that time he suffered from vitamin B12 deficiency, but he did not stick with the treatment or improve his poor diet. Three years later, he was taken to theBristolEyeHospitalbecause of progressive sight loss.He was not overweight or underweight, but he had lost minerals from his bones, which was really quite shocking for a boy of his age. In terms of his sight loss, he met the standards of being blind. “He had blind spots right in the middle of his sight,” said Dr Denize Atan, “That means he can’t drive and would find it reallyarduousto read, watch TV or recognize faces.”Dr Denize Atan said that parents should learn about the harm that can be caused by picky eating, and turn to experts for help. For those who are concerned , she advised, “It’s best not to be anxious about picky eating , and instead calmly introduce one or two new foods with every meal.” She said multivitamin tablets can supplement(补充) a diet, but cannot take the place of eating healthily. “It’s much better to take in vitamins through a varied and balanced diet,” she said, adding that too manycertain vitamins , including vitamin A, can be harmful ,“so you don’t want to overdo it.”4. What does Dr Denize Atan imply in paragraph 1?A. The diet of the boy is not balanced.B. Fruit and vegetables are rich in vitamins.C. Picky eating is common among teenagers.D. The cause of the boy’s disease is unknown.5. Why did the boy go to see his doctor at the age of 14?A. To improve his poor diet.B. To get some help to lose weight.C. To be treated for his discomfort.D. To slow down his progressive sight loss.6. What does the underlined word “arduous” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Important.B. Easy.C. Necessary.D. Difficult.7. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A. Reasons why the boy is seriously ill.B.Suggestions for the boy’s family to care for him.C. Advice for parents worried about picky eating.D. Waysof taking in enough vitamins and minerals.CCalifornia's August Complex Fire tore through more than 1,600 square miles of forest last summer,burning nearly every tree in its path. It was the largest wildfire in the state's recorded history, breaking the record previously set in 2018. After the fire, land managers must determine where to most efficiently plant new trees.A predictive mapping model called the Postfire Spatial Conifer Restoration Planning Tool recently described in Ecological Applications could inform these decisions, saving time and expense. The tool can “show where young trees are needed most, where the forest isn't going to come back on its own, where we need to intervene（干预）if we want to maintain forests," says lead author Joseph Stewart, an ecologist at the University of California, Davis.To develop the model, Stewart and his colleagues classified data collected from more than 1,200 study plots in 19 areas that burned between 2004 and 2012. They combined these data with information on rainfall, geography, climate, forest composition and bum severity.Theyalso included how many seeds sample conifer trees （针叶树）produced in 216locations over 18 years, assessing whether the trees release different numbers of seeds after a fire.The tool's potential benefits are significant, says Kimberley Davis, a conservation scientist attheUniversityofMontana, who was not involved in the study. Those managers will still have to make hard decisions, such as which species to plant in areas that may experience warmer and drier conditions resulting from climate change, but the model provides some research-based guidance to help the forests recover.8. What challenge do land managers face after the wildfire?A. Lack of wood supplies.B. Where to plant new trees best.C. How to save the burned trees.D. Loss of trees and wild animals.9. What's the main idea of paragraph 2?A. The function of the tool.B. The disadvantages of the tool.C. The improvement of the tool.D. The development of the tool.10. What does the underlined word "They" refer to?A. The study plots.B. The data.C. Stewart and his colleagues.D. The seeds.11. What isDavis' attitude towards the tool?A. Skeptical.B. Ambiguous.C. Tolerant.D. Optimistic.DImagine that youare a superhero. Your superpowers are activated by a special suit. The suit communicates with your brain. It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought. By concentrating on strength, for example, you can kick a soccer ball across a field. By focusing on swift actions, you can jump to the top of a tree.Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy. To scientists, though, it is a very real goal. They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk. These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same. Unlike other bionic devices, these robotic “super suits” do not communicate with muscles and nerves. Instead, they have a direct line to the brain.In 2005, doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson, who had lost her right arm in an accident. Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex (大脑皮层运动区). Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head. After she recovered, researchers pluggedHutchinson’s receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers. Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers. The computerscould interpretHutchinson’s brain signals to move the arm.Soon,Hutchinson, the computer, and the robotic arm became a team.Hutchinsonwas even able to lift her hand and drink from a cup. “She smiled when she put down that drink—that’s everything.” says Donoghue, a brain scientist.Today other scientists are building on that success. One of those scientists is Dr. Miguel Nicolelis, who designed a whole-body bionic equipment. In 2014, a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Miguel’s full-body exoskeletons.The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the man’s cap. By thinking about kicking, he sent signals to a computer on his back. The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick. Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.12.Which can best describe the tone of paragraph 1?A. Narrative and serious.B. Persuasive and critical.C. Informative and objective.D. Descriptive and imaginative.13. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A. Reason of the experiment.B. Results of the experiment.C. Process of the experiment.D. Significance of the experiment.14. Why is Dr. Miguel’s exoskeleton special?A. It can be used on animals.B. It can move the whole body.C. It was supported by computers.D. It was connected directly to the brain.15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Robotic suits may be widely used to help disabled people.B. Exoskeleton is more common thanHutchinson’s bionic arm.C.Scientific experiments are commonly carried out in football fields.D. Disabled athletes can now play football again with the help of computer.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020届北京市海淀实验中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案
2020届北京市海淀实验中学高三英语第一次联考试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFilms to watch in MarchGretaA lonely young waitress finds a handbag on aNew Yorksubway train. Luckily, the address is inside, so she returns it to the piano teacher who left it there. She then discovers that the piano teacher makes a habit of dropping bags around the city on purpose to make new friends. Directed by Neil Jordan, the actors are attractive. Grace Moretz is the waitress and Isabelle Huppert is the one who admires her. Thanks to them, Greta winds up being far more enjoyable than it has any right to be.The AftermathThe Aftermath is one of the few World WarⅡ-related films. Based on Rhidian Brook’s novel,this touching romantic movie is starred by Keira Knightley, who is the wife of a British officer. She hates the Germans because her son was killed in an air raid. But is there a chance that a tall, dark andhandsome man might persuade her to overcome her hate?Captain MarvelIt took Marvel Studios a decade to finally make a female superhero. It’s also the first Marvel film to be directed by a woman, who has directed Half Nelson and Missisippi Grind. Captain Marvel is set in the 1990s. The Oscar-winning Brie Larson stars as Carol Danvers, a US Air Force fighter pilot, while Samuel L Jackson, as usual, plays Nick Fury.DumboDumbo is a classic Disney cartoon, who has big ears and there have been plenty of those kind of movies in recent years.Burtonalways has inspirations to direct such kind of movies from Edward Scissorhands to Miss Peregrine’s Home for Peculiar Children. Magical figures have always been his favorite characters.1. What makes Captain Marvel special?A. Winning Oscar.B. Its female director.C. Time setting.D. A woman pilot.2. Which film is better for a 7-year-old kid to watch?A. The AftermathB. Captain MarvelC. GreteD. Dumbo3. Where can you most probably read the text?A. Reader’s DigestB. NatureC. Scientific AmericanD. National GeographicBLearning to say “yes, and”When I first heard about the improvisation (即兴交流) class, I was hesitating. As a quiet and shy girl, I feared improvising in front of strangers. However,I knew I wanted to work as a science communicator after finishing my Ph.D., so it seemed like a perfect opportunity to learn how to speak and communicate with others effectively. I signed up, knowing the experience would give me help.During our first class, we learned an important concept of improvisation: “yes, and.” It means that, as improvisers, we’d better accept what fellow performers say. If someone says that rhinos (犀牛) are librarians, for example, then rhinos are librarians. We do not question the logic; we say “yes” and then continue with the scene as if nothing is wrong.The first few scenes were hard, but as weeks turned into months, I became more comfortable andeven started to enjoy our classes. I became better at listening, relating to my conversation partners, and communicating clearly in the moment. Once when I was giving a presentation about my science, an audience member surprised me with a question that didn’t grow out of the information I’d presented. Instead of getting confused and nervous, I took the “yes, and” approach—accepting the question and letting my mind focus on why it was asked. That helped me find an appropriate answer. I got pretty excited about it.The benefits of improvisation go beyond communication. Before attending the class, I would get stuck when my experiments produced unexpected data, thinking that I had made a mistake. But now, instead of getting discouraged, I will stay open to the possibility that the results are real, keep exploring the data and end up identifying a new type of cell—one that isn’t behaving as expected.I think all scientists can benefit from this lesson. If the data say rhinos are librarians, then it’s worth findingout whether rhinos are, in fact, librarians. As scientists, our job isn’t to challenge data that support a preconceived (先入为主的) story, but to say “yes, and.”4. Why did the author attend the improvisation class?A. To get a different experience.B. To finish her Ph.D. at university.C. To give up her job as a science communicator.D. To improve her speaking and communicating ability.5. What was the author’s change after attending the improvisation class?A. She formed her own idea quickly.B. She came up with lots of creative responses.C. She paid more attention to the logic of answers.D. She became a good listener before giving an opinion.6. The author mentions applying the “yes, and” approach to her scientific experiments to ______.A. explain the process of using the methodB. prove the benefits of the improvisation classC. share her own research experiences with readersD. attract fellow scientists to attend the improvisation class7. What can be inferred about scientists from the last paragraph?A. They should attend the improvisation class.B. They should question all preconceived ideas.C. They should carry on research by admitting earlier data.D. They should try to improve their professional knowledge.CPlanned missions to the moon need to hurry up to avoid hitting one of the busiest periods for extreme space weather, according to scientists conducting the most in-depth ever research on solar storm timing.Scientists at theUniversityofReadingstudied 150 years of space weather data to look into patterns in the timing of the most extreme events,which can be extremely dangerous to astronauts and satellites. This new research on space weather timing allows predictions to be made for extreme space weather. Therefore, it could be used to plan the timing of activities, which could be affected by extreme space weather, for example, major space missions.The researchers found for the first time that extreme space weather events are more likely to occur early in or late solar cycles-such as the one just starting. The findings may have influences on the NASA-led Artemis mission. It plans to make humans return to the moon in 2024, but can be put off to the late 2020s.Professor Mathew Owens, a space physicist at theUniversityofReading, said, “Until now, the most extreme space weather events were thought to berandomin their timing. Though there is no set pattern of the events, thisresearch suggests they are more predictable.”In the new study, the scientists used a new method applying statistical modelling to storm timing for the first time. Previous research generally focused on how big extreme space weather events can be, based on observations of previous events. Predicting their timing is far more difficult because extreme events are rare, so there is ly little historic data to identify patterns. The findings suggest that any major planned space missions , which is beyond the next five years, will have to consider the higher probability of extreme space weather late in the present solar cycle between 2026 and 2030.8. What can we learn about the study from the first two paragraphs?A. It has lasted just 150 years.B. It doesn't refer to space weather data.C. It shows space weather has no effect on astronauts.D. It makes it possible to predict extreme space weather.9. Why might the NASA-led Artemis mission be put off?A. To research solar cycles.B. To avoid effects of space weather.C. To meet the needs of the astronauts.D. To make humans return to Earth in 2024.10. What does the underlined word “random“ in paragraph 4 probably mean?A. Irregular.B. Easy.C. Limited.D. Changeless.11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The study is useful for future space missions.B. The planned space missions should be put off.C. Extreme space weather will happen before 2026.D. Previous observations make no difference to the study.DI’ve long believedthat positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve.It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity, and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility.Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences, including the challenging ones like anger, disappointment and sadness. Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviorsand mindsets to meet different situational needs, and adapting when circumstances change.However, emotionally flexible people are not chameleons (变色龙) whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing. Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life, and stick to their deeply held values.I’ve learned a new word that I’d like to share with you: Eudaimonia (幸福感). Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism (享乐主义), the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. Both are philosophical approaches to happiness, and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a more sustainable, satisfying model.Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle, who got the term from the Greek word “daimon,” which means “true nature.” Tome, walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness. What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible.12. What is the author’s belief?A. People should live alone.B. People can’t always be happy.C. People can’t always achieve their goals.D. People should pursue true achievements.13. What do enmotionally flexible people commit themselves to?A. Their strongly believed values.B. Their different needs.C. Permanent happiness.D. The pursuit of hedonism.14. How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author?A. By being honest to others.B. By changing true nature.C. By keeping realstically optimistic.D. By pursuing pleasure constantly.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. What is the meaning of eudaimonia?B. What should we do to keep positive?C. How can we keep happy forever?D. Why can’t people be happy all the time?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020年北京市海淀区教师进修附属实验学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案
2020年北京市海淀区教师进修附属实验学校高三英语一模试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AUnique LighthousesAugust 7 is National Lighthouse Day. It's a day to celebrate the lights that guide us home and the historic importance of lighthouses and their keepers, who not only guided ships into harbor but also played key roles in naval battles across the globe. Check out these fantastic lighthouses across the globe as well as recommendations on the best places to stay near them.Cape Byron Lighthouse, Byron Bay, AustraliaThe Cape Byron Lighthouse in Byron Bay, Australia was built in the early 20th century to help protect the Australian coastline. Today, it's a beautiful location to watch the sunrise. Within walking distance is the Watermark, a perfect place to stay and get some much-needed rest and relaxation from daily life.Lighthouse of Chania, Crete, GreeceThe Lighthouse of Chania, Crete is one of the oldest surviving lighthouses in the world, dating back to the sixteenth century. Travelers can take a walk along its long pier (码头) during the sunset. Located near the pier to the lighthouse is a hotel from 1890, which offers beautiful views of the bay.Key West Lighthouse, Key West, Florida, USAThe Key West Lighthouse was built in 1825 to help guide ships entering the port. Travelers can enjoy climbing up the lighthouse to reach the wonderful sea views and can stay at the KimptonLighthouse Hotel, with easy access to the lighthouse and the Ernest Hemingway Home and Museum.Pigeon Point Lighthouse, Pescadero, California, USAThe Pigeon Point Lighthouse in Pescadero, California was built in1871 to help ships navigate (导航) the region's dangerous coastline. Today, the lighthouse is a state landmark, and the quarters where the lighthouse keepers lived have been turned into a hostel, making it a great home base to explore the outdoors, spot whales and watch the stars.1. Why is National Lighthouse Day celebrated?A. To show the hard life of lighthouse keepers.B. To instruct how to guide ships into harbor.C. To honor lighthouses and their keepers.D. To stress the importance of light.2. Of the following lighthouses, which is the oldest?A. Cape Byron Lighthouse.B. Lighthouse of Chania.C. Key West Lighthouse.D. Pigeon Point Lighthouse.3. What do the listed lighthouses have in common?A. They are all located in the USA.B. They have becometourist attractions.C. They offer accommodation to visitors.D. They are good spots to watch the sunrise.BIn the northern part ofAustin there once lived an honest family by the name of Smothers. The family had John Smothers, his wife and their five-year-old daughter.One night after supper the little girl was ill with a serious stomachache, and John Smothers hurried downtown to get some medicine. He never came back. The mother was very sad over her husband's disappearance, and it was nearly three months before she married again, and moved to San Antonio. The little girl recovered and in time grew up to womanhood. After a few years had rolled around, the little girl also married in time, and she also had a little girl of five years. She still lived in the same house where theydweltwhen her father had left and never returned.By an unbelievable coincidence her little girl was taken with the same stomachache on the same night of the disappearance of John Smothers, who would now have been her grandfather if he had been alive. “I will go downtown and get some medicine for her,” said John Smith(for it was he whom she had married). “No, no, dear John,” cried his wife. “You, too, might disappear forever, and then forget to come back.” So John Smith did not go, and together they sat by the bedside of little Pansy. After a little while Pansy seemed to grow worse, and John Smith again wanted to go for medicine, but his wife would not let him.Just then, the door suddenly opened and an old man with long white hair entered the room. “Hello, here is grandpa,” said Pansy. She had recognized him before any of the others. The old man drew a bottle of medicine from his pocket and gave Pansy a spoonful. She got well immediately. “I was a little late,” said John Smothers, “as I waited for a street car.”4. What happened after John Smothers disappeared?A. His daughter took some medicine.B. His wife left for San Antonio.C. Pansy immediately had a stomachache.D. John Smith went for medicine.5. What does the underlined word “dwelt” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Lived.B. Left.C. Returned.D. Married.6. What is the relationship between John Smothersand Pansy?A. Husband and wife.B. Father and daughter.C. Grandfather and granddaughter.D. Father and son.7. How could Pansy's mother feel when she saw John Smothers?A. Worried.B. Sad.C. Uninterested.D. Surprised.CHave you ever been sad because of failure? Please remember, for quite often achieving what you set out to do is not the most important thing.A boy decided to dig a deep hole behind his house. As he was working, a couple of older boys stopped by to watch. “What are you doing?” asked one of the visitors. “I want to dig a hole all the way through the earth!” the boy answered excitedly. The older boys began to laugh, telling him that digging a hole all the way through the earth was impossible. After a while, the boy picked up a jar. He showed it to the visitors. It was full of all kinds of stones and insects. Then he said calmly and confidently, “Maybe I can’t finish digging all the way through the earth, but look at what I’ve found during this period!”Theboy’s goal was far too difficult, but it did cause him to go on. And that is what a goal is for－to cause us to move in the direction we have chosen, in other words, to cause us to keep working!Not every goal will be fully achieved. Not every job will endup with a success. Not every dream will come true. But when you fall short of your aim, maybe you can say, “Yes, but look at what I’ve found along the way! There are so many wonderful things having come into my life because I tried to do something!” It is in the digging that life is lived. It is the unexpected joy on the journey that really makes sense.8. The older boys laughed at the boy because he was thought to be______.A. braveB. impoliteC. foolishD. warm-hearted9. Why did the boy show the jar to the older boys?A. To drive them away.B. To show what he had found in digging.C. To show how beautiful the jar was.D. To attract them to join him in the work.10. What can be learnt from the fourth paragraph of the text?A. No dream can come true.B. All work will end successfully.C. Goals shouldn’t be set too high.D. Goals will make us work harder.11. The best title for the text should be______.A. A Boy Dug a HoleB. Joy in the JourneyC. No Pain, No GainsD. Failure Is the Mother of SuccessDI’ve long believedthat positive living isn’t about being optimistic every minute of every day. That kind of permanently happy state can’t be the goal, because it’s impossible to achieve.It turns out that psychological research finds true happiness comes from authentic positivity, and authentic positivity comes from emotional flexibility.Being flexible emotionally means being open to the full range of emotional experiences, including the challenging ones like anger, disappointment and sadness. Emotional flexibility means being able to shift behaviors and mindsets to meet different situational needs, and adapting when circumstances change.However, emotionally flexible people are not chameleons (变色龙) whose outlook changes based on which way the wind is blowing. Instead, emotional flexibility is a skill that helps people judge the complexities of daily life, and stick to their deeply held values.I’ve learned a new word that I’d like to share with you: Eudaimonia (幸福感). Eudaimonia is the opposite of hedonism (享乐主义), the idea that happiness comes from the constant pursuit of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Eudaimonia, by contrast, encourages us to pursue meaning and authenticity, growth and honest joy. Both are philosophical approaches to happiness, and recent psychological thought is leaning toward eudaimonia as a moresustainable, satisfying model.Eudaimonia was first mentioned by Aristotle, who got the term from the Greek word “daimon,” which means “true nature.” Tome, walking a positive path means accepting that we each have positive true nature and permanent goodness. What we learn from the concept of eudaimonia is that we are best equipped to realize this nature when we are emotionally honest and flexible.12. What is the author’s belief?A. People should live alone.B. People can’t always be happy.C. People can’t always achieve their goals.D. People should pursue true achievements.13. What do enmotionally flexible people commit themselves to?A. Their strongly believed values.B. Their different needs.C. Permanent happiness.D. The pursuit of hedonism.14. How can people gain eudaimonia according to the author?A. By being honest to others.B. By changing true nature.C. By keeping realstically optimistic.D. By pursuing pleasure constantly.15. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?A. What is the meaning of eudaimonia?B. What should we do to keep positive?C. How can we keep happy forever?D. Why can’t people be happy all the time?第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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海淀区高三年级第二学期期中练习英语试题本试卷共10页，120分。
考试时长100分钟。
考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题 1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
At 8, 1 started taking art lessons ___1___ (improve) my painting skills. However, later, I found that I focusedtoo much on mastering different techniques. Eventually, I became more distressed when my expectations weren't matched.So, in the 11th Grade, I returned to the basics. On ___2___ sketchbook I forced myself to draw whatever interested me. Over time, I have been released from the tight control. I have learned that a good painting is not about having perfect technique. In fact, all I need to do is trust my ___3___ (create) talents and find moments of joy in life. 【答案】1. to improve2. a3. creative【解析】这是一篇记叙文。
文章讲述了，作者小时候太专注于绘画技巧，画技却未提高让作者很痛苦，在11年级时，作者画自己喜欢的东西，这让作者明白要相信自己的创造性天赋和找寻生活中快乐的时刻。
【1题详解】考查动词不定式。
分析语境可知，此处表目，意为“为了”，所以用动词不定式（to do）。
故填to improve。
【2题详解】考查冠词。
分析语境可知，此处指“在一本素描本上”，表泛指，用不定冠词a。
故填a。
【3题详解】考查形容词。
名词talents需要形容词修饰，所以此空用形容词。
故填creative。
B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In recent years, trampolining (蹦床) has become a new craze among Chinese youths. Short videos ___4___(show) people's excitement about jumping back and forth on the colourful trampolines are regularly uploaded to social media. Most videos feature teenagers, but adults too have jumped on the trend, hoping to relive their childhood.Compared with soccer, basketball, tennis or any other competitive sports, ___5___ various injuries occur from time to time, trampolining is relatively ___6___ (safe). However, preparation and safety always come first. Youmust do warm-up exercises before playing and you can't lose concentration during the movements.【答案】4. showing5. where6. safer【解析】这是一篇说明文。
文章讲述了，蹦床运动在中国青少年中很受欢迎，但在玩蹦床时还是要提前热身并注意安全。
【4题详解】考查现在分词。
此句已有谓语are regularly uploaded且无连词，此空用非谓语动词，名词短语Short videos 和动词show是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词（doing）表主动做名词Short videos的后置定语。
故填showing。
【5题详解】考查定语从句关系词。
此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是any other competitive sports，指地点，在从句中做状语，所以用关系副词where。
故填where。
【6题详解】考查比较级。
由语境可知，此处指蹦床与足球、篮球、网球或任何其他经常发生各种伤害的竞技运动相比，它相对地更安全，所以用形容词比较级。
故填safer。
C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。
在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A news report shows that China's urban pet consumer market ___7___ (expect) to break through the 200 billion yuan threshold this year. Young people in big cities are the main contributors.Nowadays, with the cost of living rising, young people ___8___ (suffer) from greater loneliness and pressure. They are busy working all day in a competitive environment, leaving little time for fun and friends. That mayexplain ___9___ more and more young people are choosing to keep pets ___10___ companionship. Apart from relieving loneliness, many scientific studies have shown that keeping a pet reduces stress and may even improve overall health.【答案】7. is expected8. are suffering9. why 10. for【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。
文章讲述了，因为孤独、压力和没时间交朋友，中国年轻人养宠的越来越多，养宠可以排解孤独、减轻压力和改善健康状况。
【7题详解】考查时态和语态。
此处缺乏谓语动词，讲的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时，主语China's urban pet consumer market（单数）和动词expect是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，be expected to do意为“被期望做……”故填is expected。
【8题详解】考查时态。
此处缺乏谓语动词，由Nowadays和语境可知，此处指中国年轻人正在承受着更大的孤独和压力，所以用现在进行时（am/is/are doing），表“正在……”，主语young people是复数。
故填are suffering。
【9题详解】考查宾语从句引导词。
explain后面接了一个宾语从句，由语境可知，此处指原因，所以用引导词why。
故填why。
【10题详解】考查介词。
由语境可知，此处指“为了陪伴”，表目的，所以用介词for。
故填for。
第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题L 5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I was 11 when I asked my mum for piano lessons. We were in an economic crisis and she'd recently been___11___ off. She said a polite “no”．That didn't ___12___ me. I drew a keyboard onto a piece of paper and stuck it on my desk. I would ___13___ notes on an online keyboard and “play” them back on my paper one —keeping the sound they made on the computer in my head. I spent six months playing without ___14___ a real piano. As my mum found I was ___15___ about it, she bought me 10 lessons with borrowed money.I still remember the first one. I was ___16___ by how organic the sound of the piano was, as I had become familiar with the ___17___ electronic sound. The teacher was trying to explain where middle C was, but I could___18___ play all the major and minor scales.I ___19___ my grade one after eight lessons and got distinction. By the time I started secondary school, wecouldn't ____20____ lessons again, so I returned to my paper keyboard. I passed grade three, then grade five, practising only on my piece of paper.For the grades above that, there was an ____21____ that you add a certain sensitivity into your playing. The music teacher at my school said I could practise on the school's grand piano. I would wake up at 5:30 am to get therein time and play until lessons started. I'd ____22____ lunch and then practise after school until the caretaker kickedme out. At home, I'd have dinner, do three hours of revision, and then ____23____ practice until 1:00 am.My school didn't offer music A-level. I found the Purcell School for young musicians. The audition （试镜）was extremely ____24____ and I felt overwhelmed. To my amazement, I was offered a ____25____.I had been told I had started playing too ____26____ to reach conservatoire （音乐学院）level but when I left Purcell, I was awarded the senior piano prize. That was the point when I realized I wasn't behind everyone else. I am now at the Guildhall School in London, where I was offered a scholarship. I feel ____27____: it’s been 10 years since I drew my paper piano and I'm at one of the world's ____28____ conservatoires.The irony is that I continue to do a lot of my practice away from the piano: what we call mental practice. It____29____ key areas of the mind that are less readily accessed by piano playing alone. The paper piano helped stimulate my ____30____ about how music works.11. A. laid B. pushed C. dropped D. knocked12. A. annoy B. bother C. embarrass D. discourage13. A. take B. sign C. click D. compose14. A. seeing B. touching C. enjoying D. choosing15. A. serious B. careful C. hesitant D. nervous16. A. struck B. puzzled C. comforted D. inspired17. A. natural B. artificial C. practical D. magical18 A. only B. still C. hardly D. already19. A. sat B. joined C. failed D. repeated20. A. offer B. teach C. afford D. observe21. A. attitude B. expectation C. opinion D. opportunity22. A. avoid B. miss C. save D. skip23. A. social B. mental C. mechanical D. physical24. A. fascinating B. motivating C. frightening D. challenging25. A. course B. reward C. place D. certificate26. A. soon B. late C. hurriedly D. suddenly27. A. proud B. lucky C. ambitious D. grateful28. A. grand B. strict C. leading D. expensive29. A. builds B. covers C. defines D. unlocks30. A. prediction B. memory C. curiosity D. imagination【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. A 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. C 21. B 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。