简析《呼啸山庄》中男女主人公爱情悲剧的原因

摘要

《呼啸山庄》是由艾米丽·布朗特所创的世界上最伟大的小说之一。艾米丽在小说中成功的塑造了爱与恨为主题的爱情悲剧故事。自该小说诞生以来，国内外学者对于《呼啸山庄》主题的研究从未停止。本文选取希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳爱情故事原因的角度进行探究，致力通过对男女主人公所处的阶级，受到的教育，各自成长环境的变化，及各自性格原因，来分析男女主人公的爱情悲剧。通过本次研究，能够使读者对希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳的爱情悲剧有更清晰的理解和认识。

关键词：爱；恨；凯瑟琳；西斯克里夫；呼啸山庄

Contents

Abstract (i)

摘要 (ii)

1．Introduction. (1)

1.1Introduction of Emily Bronte and her Wuthering Heights (1)

1.2 Introduction of the tragic love story (1)

1.3 The structure of this paper (2)

2．Literature Review (4)

2.1 Review on the oversea studies (4)

2.2 Review on the domestic studies (4)

3．The External Reasons for the Tragedy (6)

3.1 The class barrier (6)

3.2 The educational reasons (7)

3.2.1The family education for Heathcliff and Catherine (7)

3.2.2Education conducted by European upper class (7)

4．The Internal Reasons for the Tragedy (9)

4.1 Catherine’s own reasons (9)

4.1.1 Catherine’s growing environment (9)

4.1.2 Catherine’s dual personality (9)

4.1.3 Catherine’s betrayal (10)

4.2 Heathcliff’s own reasons (10)

4.2.1 Heathcliff’s growing environment (11)

4.2.2 Heathcliff’s extreme personality (11)

4.2.3 Heathcliff’s revenge (12)

5．Conclusion (14)

References (15)

Acknowledgements (16)

1. Introduction

1.1Introduction of Emily Bronte and her Wuthering Heights

Emily Jane Bronte (July 30, 1818 – December 19, 1848) was a great British novelist and pet in the 19th century and one of the extraordinary women writers in the literary history of England, and she is also best remembered for her only novel Wuthering Heights, which is now an acknledged classic of English literature.

Emily was born at Thornton in Yorkshire. She was the younger sister of Charlotte Bronte, and the fifth of six children. It was the discovery of Emily's poetic talent by her family that led her and her sisters, Charlotte and Anne, to publish jointly a book of poems entitled Poems by Currer, Ellis and Action Bell in 1846. To evade contemporary prejudice against female writers, all three used male pseudonyms, Emily's being "Ellis Bell". She wrote many poems of her own and some of these during her short life, in the form of powerful lyrics. These lyrics have been esteemed highly as passionate utterances of the author’s innermost feelings and thoughts.

She subsequently published her only novel, Wuthering Heights, in 1847, a powerful, poetic work, but whose innovative structure somewhat puzzled critics. Although it received mixed reviews when it first came out, the book subsequently became an English literary classic.

Wuthering heights depicts the foundling boy Heathcliff after the adoption by the Earnshaw. He lived with Mr. Earnshaw’s son Hindley and daughter Catherine. Hindley treat Heathcliff badly.He insulted and maltreated Heathcliff in veery possible way afther Mr.Earnshaw’s death. At the same time, peculiar emotion occurred between Cath erine and Heathcliff. Because of her vanity and ignorance, Catherine decided to marry Linton. Heathcliff left with anger. Three years later, Heathcliff returned to revenge. He succeeded in annexing all the property of Hindley’s and the Linton’s. However,Catherine’s ghost pestered him all the time and he died in the dream with Catherine.

1.2Introduction of the tragic love story

Wuthering Heights shows us the life scenes in a deformity society through a tragic love story, outlines all kinds of the terrible events caused by the human nature in the distorted society. The title of the novel comes from the Yorkshire manor on the moors of the story (as an adjective, Wuthering is a Yorkshire word referring to turbulent weather). The narrative tale centers on the all-encompassing, passionate, but ultimately doomed love between Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff, and how this unresolved passion eventually destroys them and the people around them.The plot of story is actually spread gradually through four stages.