改革后英语四级新题型总结一览
四级的题型变化有哪些
四级的题型变化有哪些大学英语四级考试（CET-4）对于许多大学生来说是一项重要的英语能力测试。
随着教育理念的更新和社会对英语应用能力要求的变化，四级考试的题型也在不断调整和改变。
接下来，让我们详细探讨一下四级考试题型的变化。
听力部分的变化较为显著。
以往，听力可能更侧重于短对话和短文听力，而如今，长对话和篇章听力的比例有所增加。
这意味着考生需要在更长的听力材料中捕捉关键信息，对听力的专注力和信息处理能力要求更高。
同时，听力材料的内容也更加多样化，涵盖了学术、社会、文化等多个领域，不再局限于常见的日常生活场景。
这就要求考生具备更广泛的知识背景和词汇量，以便更好地理解听力内容。
阅读部分的题型也有所调整。
传统的阅读理解题型中，细节理解题和主旨大意题的比例可能相对固定。
但现在，推理判断题和语义猜测题的比重逐渐上升。
这需要考生不仅仅是读懂文章表面的意思，更要能够深入理解作者的意图，进行逻辑推理和分析。
而且，阅读材料的题材更加丰富，包括科技、人文、环保等热门话题，篇幅也有所增加。
这就考验了考生的阅读速度和理解深度，同时也对词汇量和语法知识提出了更高的要求。
写作部分的变化主要体现在命题形式上。
过去可能更多的是给定一个具体的话题，让考生进行阐述。
而现在，题目更加灵活多样，可能会给出一段材料、一幅图表或者一个观点，要求考生进行分析和评论。
这种变化要求考生具备更强的批判性思维和分析问题的能力，能够清晰地表达自己的观点，并提供有力的论据支持。
此外，对于语言的准确性和多样性也有更高的标准，避免重复和单一的表达。
翻译部分的变化也值得关注。
以前可能更多的是一些常见的句子翻译，而现在则倾向于段落翻译。
翻译的内容不再局限于日常生活场景，而是涉及到中国的历史、文化、社会等多个方面。
这就要求考生对中国的特色词汇和表达方式有一定的了解和掌握，同时要能够灵活运用所学的英语语法和词汇，将中文准确、流畅地翻译成英文。
总之，四级考试的题型变化反映了对考生英语综合应用能力要求的不断提高。
2023年大学_大学英语四、六级考试新题型调整的说明
2023年大学英语四、六级考试新题型调整的说明2023年大学英语四、六级考试新题型调整的说明调整后六级听力部分的试题结构见下表：测试内容测试题型题量分值比例长对话2篇选择题(单选)8题8%(每题1分)听力篇章2篇选择题(单选)7题7%(每题1分)讲座/讲话3篇选择题(单选)10题20%(每题2分)1、六级听力之不变原来的长对话题型不变，依然是2篇。
但题目数量由7道题增至8题，依然每题1分;篇章听力题型不变，但题目数量由原来的3篇共10道题减少至2篇共7题，每题1分。
题型及难度没有变化，考生可参考旧题。
2、六级听力之变化短对话取消，听写取消。
增加讲座/讲话题型3篇共10道题，每题2分，是六级听力考试乃至全卷的关键。
下面我们就来详细解析一下新题型：Now listen to the following recording and answer questions 16 to 19.16. A) They investigate the retirement homes in America.B) They are on issues facing senior citizens in America.C) They describe the great pleasures of the golden years.D) They are filled with fond memories of his grandparents.17. A) The loss of the ability to take care of himself.B) The feeling of not being important any more.C) Being unable to find a good retirement home.D) Leaving the home he had lived in for 60 years.18. A) The loss of identity and self-worth.B) Fear of being replaced or discarded.C) Freedom from pressure and worldly cares.D) The possession of wealth and high respect.19. A) The urgency of pension reform.B) Medical care for senior citizens.C) Finding meaningful roles for the elderly in society.D) The development of public facilities for senior citizens.原文：Moderator:Hello Ladies and Gentleman, it gives me great pleasure to introduce our keynote speaker for todays session, Dr. Howard Miller. Dr. Miller, Professor of Sociology at Washington University, has written numerous articles and books on the issues facing older Americans in our graying society for the past 15 years. Dr. Miller:Dr. Miller: Thank you for that introduction. Today, Id like to preface my remarks with a story from my own life which I feel highlights the common concerns that bring us here together. Several years ago when my grandparents were well into their eighties, they were faced with the reality of no longer being able to adequately care for themselves. My grandfather spoke of his greatest fear, that of leaving the only home they had known for the past 60 years. Fighting back the tears, he spoke proudly of the fact that he had built their home from the ground up, and that he had pounded every nail and laid every brick in the process. The prospect of having to sell their home and give up their independence, and move into a retirement home was an extremely painful experience for them. It was,in my grandfathers own words, like having a limb cut off. He exclaimed in a forceful manner that he felt he wasnt important anymore.For them and some older Americans, their so-called “golden years”are at times not so pleasant, for this period can mean the decline of not only ones health but the loss of identity and self-worth. In many societies, this self-identity is closely related with our social status, occupation, material possessions, or independence. Furthermore, we often live in societies that value what is “new” or in fashion, and our own usage of words in the English language is often a sign of bad news for older Americans. I mean how would your family react if you came home tonight exclaiming, “Hey, come to the living room and see the OLD black and white TV I brought!” Unfortunately, the word “old” calls to mind images of the need to replace or discard.Now, many of the lectures given at this conference have focused on the issues of pension reform, medical care, and the development of public facilities for senior citizens. And while these are vital issues that must be addressed, Id like to focus my comments on an important issue that will affect the overall success of the other programs mentioned. This has to do with changing our perspectives on what it means to be a part of this group, and finding meaningful roles the elderly can play and should play in our societies.First of all, Id like to talk about . . .16. What does the introduction say about Dr. Howard Millers articles and books?17. What is the greatest fear of Dr. Millers grandfather?18. What does Dr. Miller say the “golden years” can often mean?19. What is the focus of Dr. Millers speech?解：这是一篇关于老龄化社会，老年人的晚年生活等问题的演讲。
大学英语四级新老题型对比分析
一 新老题型对比分析 老四级包括5大部分：一是听力理解20题20分，时间20分钟；二是阅读理解20题40分，时间35分钟；三是词汇用法与语法结构30题15分，时间20分钟；四是完形填空或简答或英译汉，20题或5题，共10分，时间15分钟；最后是写作1题15分，时间30分钟。
合计91题，100分，时间120分钟。
新四级由四大部分构成：听力理解时间35分钟，包括两个部分：听力对话占15%，含8个短对话共8道多项选择题和2个长对话共7道多项选择题；听力短文占20%：含3篇短文理解共10道多项选择题和一篇短文复合式听写共8词3句。
听力理解占总分的35%，合计249分。
阅读理解时间40分钟，分为两个部分：仔细阅读理解时间25分钟，占25%，含两个小部分(篇章阅读理解包括2篇文章10道多项选择题；篇章词汇理解或短句问答是一篇文章，考法是15选10的选词填空或简答)；快速阅读理解时间15分钟，占10%，包括是非判断7题及句子填空或其它3题。
阅读理解占总分的35%，合计149分。
完形填空或改错时间15分钟，1篇文章，20道多项选择题或改错，占总分的10%，合计70分。
写作和翻译时间35分钟，分为两个部分：写作时间30分钟，占15%，共106分；中译英时间5分钟，占5%，共36分。
合计20%，142分。
通过对比，我们发现：新四级60%的题型沿用了老四级题型，加入了40%的新题型。
题型增加，题量加大，速度要求加快；但同时每种题型的难度降低。
新四级考试取消了词语用法和语法结构、英译汉两种过时题型，而完型填空和写作没有任何变化。
听力的比例提高到35%，短对话、短文理解和短文听写沿用了老四级的题型，只有长对话是新题型，只是题材选用对话、讲座、广播电视节目等更具真实性的材料。
阅读部分下降为35%，其中篇章阅读理解沿用了老四级题型，篇章词汇理解和快速阅读是新题型。
同时增加了英译汉和六级的改错题型。
同时，从2005年6月起，四级考试成绩开始采用满分为710分的计分体制，不设及格线；成绩报道方式由考试合格证书改为成绩报告单，即考后向每位考生发放成绩报告单，报道内容包括：总分及听力、阅读、完型或改错、写作四项单项分。
全国大学英语四级翻译 CET4 四级翻译新题型技巧讲解
长嗟短叹 －－ sighing deeply 发号施令－－ issue orders 土崩瓦解－－ fall apart 两面三刀－－ two-faced tactics
3. 词类转换
词类变形和转换，是英语语言的一个很重要的特 点，尤其是名词、动词、形容词这三种最主要的 词类。
译直）译与意译相互关联，互为补充，两种译法可以并用
二、 汉译英的基本技巧
1. 增词 为了充分传达原文含义，必须增补词语，以求达意.
北京是中国的政治、文化中心。这里你可以游览万 里长城、故宫、颐和园等。
Beijing is a political and cultural center that offers some scenic attractions: the Great Wall, the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace etc.
Practice Please.
省名词
见到自己的故乡，他想起了童年的情景。
The sight of his native place called back his
childhood.
(省动词)
他连续讲了两小时的法语，没有出现任何错误。 He has been speaking in French for two hours
汉译英的 基本技巧
一、翻译的基本方法： 直译 ＆ 意译
直译：保持原文内容、又保持原文形式，基 本保留原有句子结构，不是死译。
意译：只保持原文内容、不保持原文形式， 更多考虑英语的特点。
如： 我们的朋友遍天下。 Our friends are all over the world. (直译) We have friends all over the world.（意
大学英语四级新题型讲解
大学英语四级新题型讲解：总述：新样题的考试内容将包括写作（及翻译）、快速阅读及仔细阅读、听力、综合测试（完型填空或改错）等大四部分。
考试各部分测试内容、题型和所占比例如下表所示：需要提醒考生注意的是，新题型考试的整个过程也作了相应调整。
写作30分钟快速阅读15分钟听力35分钟仔细阅读25分钟完型填空15分钟翻译（汉译英）5分钟整个考试时间共长125分钟。
1）写作部分：包括短文写作（15%）和句子汉译英（5%），所占比重20%，占总分710分的142分。
根据考试大纲，题裁可能会涉及记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，但是从近几年的考试特点来看，多种题裁的结合，尤其是应用文等形式的写作应该是考试的重点方向。
从过去几年的作文内容和新增设翻译（汉译英）部分来看，都充分体现了“侧重考查考生实际英语运用能力”，可以肯定地说，曾经一度流行的“三段论”模式不会再频繁出现。
2）听力部分：题量和比例，增加快速阅读理解测试大大增加，考试时间长度增加了15分钟（旧题型约为20分钟），占249分，充分体现了新教学大纲规定的“听读并重”的原则。
旧题型短对话8题，内容与难度与老题型相当。
新题型长对话2篇长对话，共7个问题。
旧题型短文听力：包括3篇短文多项选择题和一篇复合式听力（compound dictation）。
3）阅读部分：新四级在测试阅读能力方面手段丰富，主要表现在提醒的多样化，这就对考生的阅读能力提出了更高的要求。
这个部分不仅考查理解能力、快速阅读技巧、篇章综合把握能力。
一句话，难度大大提高，充分体现了考试大纲中所说的：阅读和运用想结合的特点。
内容包括：仔细阅读部分（careful reading）占25%。
这个部分由两个部分组成：旧题型多项选择题：从过去的4篇改为2篇。
新题型选词填空为：从一篇220字左右的文章中，留出10个单词的空格，从给出的15个备选单词中选出10个填入文章相应处，使文章意思通顺，表达正确。
这部分主要考察考生对词汇的认知和语法的理解。
英语四级听力新题型解析及答题技巧精选全文
可编辑修改精选全文完整版英语四级听力新题型解析及答题技巧英语四级听力新题型解析及答题技巧从2016年开始，英语四级听力部分题型有了一些改变，针对这种改变我们应该如何有针对性的进行备考，今天我们来讲一讲关于听力部分题型改变之新增题型——短篇新闻类答题技巧。
一、四级听力题型变化自2016年6月考试起，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会将对四级考试的听力试题作局部调整。
调整的相关内容说明如下：1.取消短对话。
2.取消短文听写。
3.新增短篇新闻(3段)，每段设置2—3个小题，共7题，每小题1分，新闻长度130—190词。
4.长对话(2段)由原来的共7题调整为共8题，每小题1分，对话长度不变。
5.短文理解(3段)题型不变，分值由原来的'每小题1分调整为每小题2分。
6.考试时间由原来的35分钟减为25分钟。
二、新闻英语文体特点(一) 新闻报道“六大要素”新闻报道里的“六大要素”即常说的“人物(who)、时间(when)、地点(where)、事件(what)、原因(why)和方式(how)”。
在英语短新闻或内容提要中至少包括其中三个要素：who，what和when，这些是新闻报道中最具价值的三要素。
(二) 倒金字塔结构所谓倒金字塔结构，也称为倒叙法，即按新闻事实重要程度由要点到细节逐步扩展，安排全文。
倒金字塔结构把最重要的事实置于全文的第一句中，即新闻导语(the news lead)。
导语告知听众最新鲜、最关心、最重要的事实，如事件(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)以及原因(why)和方式(how)。
新闻导语是对整条新闻内容的高度概括，听懂了导语，也就听懂了新闻的主要内容。
当然，由于新闻报道的侧重点不同，有时新闻导语可能只包含其中的几个要素。
(三) 新闻英语词汇特点1.常用词汇表示特殊含义新闻报道常使用某些常见词汇来表达事实和事件，这些词汇经过长期使用逐渐取得与新闻报道相联系的特殊意义，成为新闻体词语(journalistic words)。
四级新题型简介
解题第二步：寻读 寻读（scanning），是指以问题为线索、带着问题去寻找某一特定信 息的阅读。 对于四六级考试的快速阅读来说，寻读就是在读过文章后面的题之后， 以题干中的某些词为线索，到原文中去寻找出处的过程。由于快速阅 读题对于内容的理解能力要求并不高，所以寻读技能的高低直接影响 着考生做题时间的长短。 所以，以什么词为定位词（或线索词）到原文中去查找是很关键的。 寻读常用的定位词有：（1）数字、年代；（2）第一次出现的人名、 地名等专有名词；（3）事物的性质特征或比较关系；（4）题干中不 同于其他题的新信息。这些定位词在原文中的形式和在题干中的形式 可能会有所变化，考生朋友们要注意识别。 还有一点是非常重要的，那就是，快速阅读题目的顺序与文章的行文 顺序从总体上说是一致的。把握这一规律，将大大节省我们的寻读时 间。考生可以先找出容易定位的题目，然后将文章进行分割。题目顺 序可能与原文不同的题目一般会是是非判断题的最后一题、句子填空 题的第一题或最后一题。
对快速阅读而言，略读最重要的意义在于对各部分的内容获得一个粗略 印象，以方便在寻读时迅速确定答案所在的部分或段落。 对于有小标题的文章，把握开头或结尾部分就把握住了文章的主题与写 作目的。小标题相当于段落的主题句，把握住小标题就把握住了文章的 主要内容。这些小标题在寻读时也显得格外重要，从题干中的定位信息 可以快速找到相关的小标题（模糊定位），再在小标题下的内容中查找 就可以了（精确定位）。这对于提高做题速度非常有帮助。 对于没有小标题的文章，需要把握文章开头或结尾部分来把握文章的主 题与写作目的。更重要的是浏览每段的段首和结尾，对每一段的主题和 内容获得一个粗略印象。建议考生在浏览时将本段的主题词用笔圈出。 这些主题词将起到小标题的作用。其重要性不再赘述。
不同的题型侧重考察的阅读技能不同。快速阅读侧重于考察略读和 寻读，仔细阅读侧重于考察研读。但实际上每一道题目的最终解决都 是三种阅读技能综合运用的结果。 一道典型的阅读理解解题过程是这样的：先略读文章，了解文章结构 与大意；然后从题干中寻找线索词，回到原文中找到对应的部分，确 定答案出处；仔细理解答案出处的词句，对题干或选项中的信息做出 判断或选择。
对大学英语四级考试新题型的分析
对大学英语四级考试新题型的分析关键词：大学英语；考试变化；备考技巧；分析大学英语四级考试是引导学生学习英语、检验学生英语能力的重要方式，根据《全国大学生英语四六级考试改革方案》进行的四级考试新题型试卷，进行多方面的改革，在考试内容和形式上了有了很大的突破，改革了分数的报道方式，改革了考试和管理体制，强化考务管理，最为重要的是考试内容和形式。
改革后的新题型对于大学英语教学会有何指导意义，高校教学又该如何组织实施英语教学以适应当前新题型的变化。
一、大学英语四级考试变化分析1.提高听力比重在新题型试卷的设计安排中，听力所占的比重由20%上升到35%，具体的题型也分为短对话、长对话、短文章、复合式听写四种。
在第一部分中，8个小对话和2个长对话组成，突出交际交流情境；第二部分则由3个短篇文章组成；第三部分称作复合式听写。
同时，增设了长对话听力，设置难度在小对话和短文章之间，每个长对话共有34道试题。
题量增加，比重加大，考试时间延长（由原来的20分钟变为35分钟），共占249分，充分体现了新大纲对英语教学“听读并重”的原则。
2.增设快速阅读阅读能力是大学生的一项最为基本的能力，新型大学四级英语考试在检测阅读能力方面手段更加丰富多样，主要表现为题型设置的多样化，这对学生的英语阅读能力提出了更高的要求。
意在考查考生对英语文段的整体把握能力、理解能力，掌握快速阅读的基本技巧。
阅读的比重从以前的比重降为35%，其中仔细阅读的份额占比变为20%，从具体数量上减少了两篇，题型还是学生比较熟悉的四选一。
同时，增加了新的阅读考查方式——选词填空和快速阅读，选词填空的阅读是新型考查形式，从一篇220字符左右的英语文段中，空出10个空让学生从15个单词选项中选出10个最佳答案；另外，给出一篇1200字符左右的英语文段，要求学生在15分钟内快速阅读，并根据理解对文段后的7道判断题判定正误，三道填空题根据文段填空。
这种改变一言以蔽之，大大提高阅读难度，通过试题考查引导学生根据教学大纲要求，把阅读和想象结合起来，增强学生的理解能力。
大学英语四级新题型介绍
第一部分 听力 短对话 听力理解 对话 长对话
听力 短文理解 短文
测试题型
多项选择
比例
多项选择
多项选择
35%
短文听写
复合式听写
第二部分 仔细 篇章阅读理解 多项选择 阅读理解 阅读 篇章词汇理解 选词填空 快速阅 读理解 是非判断＋句子填空或 35% 其他
多项选择
完型填空 或改错
Answer Sheet 1
Answer Sheet 2
25 min.
Part V Cloze / Error Correction 15 min. Part VI Translation 5 min.
新四级由四大部分构成： 听力理解时间35分钟，包括两个部分：听力对话占15%， 含8个短对话共8道多项选择题和2个长对话共7道多项选择 题；听力短文占20%：含3篇短文理解共10道多项选择题和 一篇短文复合式听写共8词3句。听力理解占总分的35%， 合计249分。 阅读理解时间40分钟，分为两个部分：仔细阅读理解时间 25分钟，占25%，含两个小部分(篇章阅读理解包括2篇文 章10道多项选择题；篇章词汇理解或短句问答是一篇文章， 考法是15选10的选词填空或简答)；快速阅读理解时间15分 钟，占10%，包括是非判断7题及句子填空或其它3题。阅 读理解占总分的35%，合计149分。 完形填空或改错时间15分钟，1篇文章，20道多项选择题 或改错，占总分的10%，合计70分。 写作和翻译时间35分钟，分为两个部分：写作时间30分钟， 占15%，共106分；中译英时间5分钟，占5%，共36分。合 计20%，142分。
四级听力有托福听力的影子
新题型四级听力考试的其他短对话或多或少的都 体现出托福听力的影子，丢东西捡东西场景、电 脑场景、度假场景以及选校场景都是托福听力的 常考场景，其中的一些场景词汇和习惯用语也不 断被四级听力所引用。从四级真题来看，听力话 题范围也和托福听力也如出一辙——校园生活。 近三年的四级听力考题中更加明显的体现出这样 的趋势，改革后的四级试卷结构更加接近于托福 听力，增加的长对话题型就来源于托福听力的 Part B 部分，甚至改革后的四级考试记分体系都 在向托福靠拢。
2023年8月英语专业四级改革样卷新题型
2023年8月英语专业四级改革新题型（样卷）PART 1 DICTATION [10 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 1 minute to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]SECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the talk. When it is over, you will be given TWO minutes to complete your work.SECTION B CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear two conversations. At the end of each conversation, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, youshould read the four choices of A, B, C and D, and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have thirty seconds to preview the questions.Now, listen to the conversations.Conversation One.1. A. The return trip is too expensive.B . There is no technology to get people back.C. People don’t want to return.D. The return trip is too risky.2. A. Intelligence.B. Health.C. Skills.D. Calmness.3. A. The kind of people suitable for the trip.B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers.C. Recruitment of people for the trip.D. Preparation for the trip to Mars.…Conversation Two6. A. Going to the high street. B. Visiting everyday shops.C. Buying things like electrical goods.D. Visiting shops and buying online.7. A. 3%. B. 33%.C. 42%.D. 24%.8. A. They want to know more about pricing.B. They can return the product later.C. They want to see the real thing first.D. They can bargain for a lower shop price.…PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words, phrases or statements marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word, phrase or statement that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.11.When you have finished with that book, don’t forget to put it back on the shelf, ______?A. don’t youB. do youC. will youD. won’t you12.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Only one out of six were present at the meeting.B. Ten dollars was stolen from the cash register.C. Either my sister or my brother is coming.D. Five miles seem like a long walk to me.13.It is not so much the language ______ the cultural background that makes the film difficult tounderstand.A. butB. norC. likeD. as14.There is no doubt ______ the committee has made the right decision on the housing project.A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when15.If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he ______ able to advise you much better than Ican.A. will beB. wasC. would beD. were16.Which of the following is a stative verb (静态动词)?A. Drink.B. Close.C. Rain.D. Belong.17.Which of the following italicized parts indicates a subject-verb relation?A. The man has a large family to support.B. She had no wish to quarrel with her brother.C. He was the last guest to leave.D. Mary needs a friend to talk to.18.Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. Another two girls.B. Few words.C. This work.D. A bit of flowers.19.When one has good health, ______ should feel fortunate.A. youB. sheC. heD. we20.There ______ nothing more for discussion, the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.A. to beB. to have beenC. beD. being21.Bottles from this region sell ______ at about $50 a case.A. entirelyB. totallyC. wholesaleD. together22.The product contains no ______ colours, flavours, or preservatives.A. fakeB. artificialC. falseD. wrong23.______ and business leaders were delighted at the decision to hold the national motor fair inthe city.A. CivilB. CivilizedC. CivilianD. Civic24.The city council is planning a huge road-building programme to ease congestion. Theunderlined part means ______.A. calmB. relieveC. comfortD. still25.His unfortunate appearance was offset by an attractive personality. The underlines part meansall the following EXCEPT ______.A. improvedB. made up forC. balancedD. compensated for26.The doctor said that the gash in his cheek required ten stitches. The underlined part means______.A.B.C.D.27.During the economic crisis, they had to cut back production and ______ workers.A. lay offB. lay intoC. lay downD. lay aside28.To mark its one hundredth anniversary, the university held a series of activities includingconferences, film shows, etc. The underlined part means ______.A. signifyB. celebrateC. symbolizeD. suggest29.His fertile mind keeps turning out new ideas. The underlined part means ______.A. abundantB. unbelievableC. productiveD. generative30.These issues were discussed at length during the meeting. The underlined part means ______.A. eventuallyB. subsequentlyC. lastlyD. fullyPART IV CLOZE [10 MIN]Decide which of the words given in the box below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. The words can be used ONCE ONLY. Mark the letter for each word on ANSWER SHEET TWO.A. asB. aimlessC. botherD. fastE. flightsF. helplessG. labor-savingH. levels I. money-saving J. pause K. quite L. stand by M. standstillN. traffic O. trappedElectricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays that we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and (31) ______ to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the character of every modern city. In the home, many (32) ______ devices are powered by electricity. Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are (33) ______ asleep, electricity is still working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains and subways take us to and from work. We rarely (34) ______ to consider why or how they run—until something goes wrong．In the summer of 1959, something did go wrong with power-plant that provided New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a (35) ______. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, powerless to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that even if you were lucky enough not to be (36) ______ between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down (37) ______of stairs．Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in an instant becameas gloomy and uninviting (38) ______ the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to (39) ______ in case of emergency. they were just as confused and (40) ______ as anybody else.PART V READING COMPREHENSION [35 MIN]SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are several passages followed by ten multiple-choice questions. For each question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONEInundated by more information than we can possibly hold in our heads, we’re increasingly handing off the job of remembering to search engines and smart phones. Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you’re looking at. But new research shows that outsourcing our memory –and expecting that information will be continually and instantaneously available – is changing our cognitive habits. Research conducted by Betsy Sparrow, an assistant professor of psychology at Columbia University, has identified three new realities about how we process information in the Internet age. First, her experiments showed that when we don’t know the answer to a question, we now think about where we can find the nearest Web connection instead of the subject of the question itself. A second revelation is that when we expect to be able to find in formation again later on, we don’t remember it as well as when we think it might become unavailable. And then there is the researchers’ final observation: the expectation that we’ll he able to locate information down the line leads us to form a memory not of the fact itself but of where we’ll be able to find it.But this handoff comes with a downside. Skills like critical thinking and analysis must develop in the context of facts: we need something to think and reason about, after all. And these factsc an’t be Googled as we go; they need to be stored in the original hard drive, our long-term memory. Especially in the case of children, “factual knowledge must precede skill,” says Daniel Willingham, a professor of psychology, at the University of Virginia – meaning that the days of drilling the multiplication table and memorizing the names of the Presidents aren’t over quite yet. Adults, too, need to recruit a supply of stored knowledge in order to situate and evaluate new information they encounter. You ca n’t Google context.Last, there’s the possibility, increasingly terrifying to contemplate, that our machines will fail us. As Sparrow puts it, “The experience of losing our Internet connection becomes more and more like losing a friend.” If you’re going to keep your memory on your smart phone, better make sure it’s fully charged.41. Google’s eyeglasses are supposed to ____.A. improve our memoryB. function like memoryC. help us see faces betterD. work like smart phones42. Which of the following statements about Sparrow’s research is CORRECT?A. We remember people and things as much as before.B. We remember more Internet connections than before.C. We pay equal attention to location and content of information.D. We tend to remember location rather than the core of facts.43. What is the implied message of the author?A. Web connections aid our memory.B. People differ in what to remember.C. People keep memory on smart phones.D. People need to exercise their memory.PASSAGE TWOI was a second-year medical student at the university, and was on my second day of rounds at a nearby hospital. My university’s philosophy was to get students seeing patients early in their education. Nice idea, but it overlooked one detail: second-year students know next to nothing about medicine.Assigned to my team that day was an attending – a senior faculty member who was there mostly to make patients feel they weren’t in the hands of amateurs. Many attendings were researchers who didn’t have much recent hos pital experience. Mine was actually an arthritis specialist. Also along was a resident (the real boss, with a staggering mastery of medicine, at least to a rookie like myself). In addition there were two interns(住院实习医生). These guys were just as green as I was，but in a scarier way: they had recently graduated from the medical school, so they were technically MDs.I began the day at 6:30am. An intern and I did a quick check of our eight patients; later, we were to present our findings to the resident and then to the attending. I had three patients and the intern had the other five - piece of cake.But when I arrived in the room of 71-year-old Mr. Adams，he was sitting up in bed, sweating heavily and panting (喘气). He’d just had a hip operation and looked terrible. I listened to his lungs with my stethoscope, but they sounded clear. Next I checked the log of his vital signs and saw that his respiration and heart rate had been climbing, but his temperature was steady. It didn’t seem like heart failure, nor did it appear to be pneumonia. So I asked Mr. Adams what he thought was going on.“It’s really hot in here, Doc,” he replied.So I attributed his condition to the stuffy room and told him the rest of the team would return in a few hours. He smiled and feebly waved goodbye.At 8:40 am., during our team meeting, “Code Blue Room 307!” blared from the loudspeaker.I froze.That was Mr. Adams’s room.When we arrived, he was motionless.The autopsy (尸体解剖) later found Mr. Adams had suffered a massive pulmonary embolism (肺部栓塞). A blood clot had formed in his leg, worked its way to his lungs, and cut his breathing capacity in half. His symptoms had been textbook: heavy perspiration and shortness of breath despite clear lungs. The only thin g was: I hadn’t read that chapter in the textbook yet. And I was too scared, insecure, and proud to ask a real doctor for help.This mistake has haunted me for nearly 30 years, but what’s particularly frustrating is that the same medical education system persists. Who knows how many people have died or suffered harm at the hands of students as naïve as I, and how many more will?44. We learn that the author’s team members had _____.A. much practical experienceB. adequate knowledgeC. long been working thereD. some professional deficiency45. “His symptoms had been textbook” means that his symptoms were ______.A. part of the textbookB. no longer in the textbookC. recently included in the textbookD. explained in the textbook46. At the end of the passage, the author expresses ____ about the medical education systemA. optimismB. hesitationC. concernD. supportPASSAGE THREEThe war on smoking, now five decades old and counting, is one of the nation’s greatest public health success stories – but not for everyone.As a whole, the country has made amazing progress. In 1964, four in ten adults in the US smoked; today fewer than two in ten do. But some states – Kentucky, South Dakota and Alabama, to name just a few – seem to have missed the message that smoking is deadly.Their failure is the greatest disappointment in an effort to save lives that was started on Jan. 11, 1964, by the first Surgeon General’s Report on Smoking and Health. Its finding that smoking is a cause of lung cancer and other diseases was major news then. The hazards of smoking were just starting to emerge.The report led to cigarette warning labels, a ban on TV ads and eventually an anti-smoking movement that shifted the nation’s attitude on smoki ng. Then, smokers were cool. Today, many are outcasts, rejected by restaurants, bars, public buildings and even their own workplaces. Millions of lives have been saved.The formula for success is no longer guesswork: Adopt tough warning labels, air public service ads, fund smoking cessation programs and impose smoke-free laws. But the surest way to prevent smoking, particularly among price-sensitive teens, is to raise taxes. If you can stop them from smoking, you’ve won the war. Few people start smoking after turning 19.The real-life evidence of taxing power is powerful. The 10 states with the lowest adult smoking rates slap an average tax of $2.42 on every pack – three times the average tax in the states with the highest smoking rates.New York has the highest cigarette tax in the country, at $4.35 per pack, and just 12 percent of teens smoke, far below the national average of 18 percent. Compare that with Kentucky, where taxes are low (60 cents), smoking restrictions are weak and the teen smoking rate is double New York’s. Other low-tax states have similarly dismal records.Enemies of high tobacco taxes cling to the tired argument that they fall disproportionately on the poor. True, but so do the deadly effects of smoking – far worse than a tax. The effect of the taxes is amplified further when the revenue is used to fund initiatives that help smokers quit or persuade teens not to start.Anti-smoking forces have plenty to celebrate this week, having helped avoid 8 million premature deaths in the past 50 years. But as long as 3,000 adolescents and teens take their first puff each day, the war is not won.47. According to the context, “Their failure” refers to _____.A. those adults who continue to smokeB. those states that missed the messageC. findings of the reportD. hazards of smoking48. What is the passage mainly about?A. How to stage anti-smoking campaigns.B. The effects of the report on smoking and health.C. Tax as the surest path to cut smoking.D. The efforts to cut down on teenage smoking.PASSAGE FOURAttachment Parenting is not Indulgent Parenting. Attachment parents do not “spoil” their children. Spoiling is done when a child is given everything that they want regardless of what they need and regardless of what is practical. Indulgent parents give toys for tantrums(发脾气), ice cream for breakfast. Attachment parents don’t give their children everything that they want, they give their children everything that they need. Attachment parents believe that love and comfort are free and necessary. Not sweets or toys.Attachment Parenting is not “afraid of tears” parenting. Our kids cry. The difference is that we understand that tantrums and tears come from emotions and not manipulation. And our children understand this too. They cry and have tantrums sometimes, of course. But they do this because their emotions are so overwhelming that they need to get it out. They do not expect to be “rewarded” for their strong negative emotions; they simply expect that we will listen. We pick up our babies when they cry, and we respond to the tears of our older children because we believe firmly that comfort is free, love is free, and that when a child has need for comfort and love, it isour job to provide those things. We are not afraid of tears. We don’t avoid them. We hold our children through them and teach them that when they are hurt or frustrated we are here to comfort them and help them work through their emotions.Attachment Parenting is not Clingy Parenting. I do not cling to my children. In fact, I’m pretty free-range. As soon as they can move they usually move away from me and let me set up a chase as they crawl, run, skip and hop on their merry way to explore the world. Sure, I carry them and hug them and chase them and kiss them and rock them and sleep with them. But this is not me following them everywhere and pulling them back to me. This is me being a home base. The “attachment” comes from their being allowed to attach to us, not from us attaching to them like parental leeches.Attachment Parenting is not Selfish Parenting. It is also not selfless parenting. We are not doing it for us, and we are not doing it to torment ourselves,Attachment parenting is not Helicopter Parenting. I don’t hover. I supervise, I follow, I teach, I de monstrate, I explain. I don’t slap curious hands away, I show how to do things safely, I let my child do the things that my child wishes to do, first with help and then with supervision and finally with trust. I don’t insist that my 23 month old hold my ha nd when we walk on the sidewalk because I know that I can recall him with my voice because he trusts me to allow him to explore and he trusts me to explain when something is dangerous and to help him satisfy his curiosities safely.Most of the negative thi ngs that I hear about “attachment parents” are completely off-base and describe something that is entirely unlike Attachment Parenting. Attachment Parenting is child-centric and focuses on the needs of the child. Children need structure, rules, and boundaries. Attachment Parents simply believe that the child and the parent are allies, not adversaries, And that children are taught, not trained.49. According to the author, what should parents do when their kids cry?A. Providing comfort and love.B. Trying to stop kids crying.C. Holding them till they stop.D. Rewarding kids with toys.50. What does “free-range” mean according to the passage?A. Fond of providing a home base.B. Ready to play games with my kids.C. Curious to watch what games they play.D. Willing to give kids freedom of movement.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are five short answer questions based on the passages in Section A. Answer the questions with NO more than TEN words in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE51. According to the passage, what does “cognitive habits” refers to?PASSAGE TWO52. Why was the author doing rounds in a hospital?PASSAGE THREE53. What does “counting” mean in the context?54. What does the author think of raising tax on cigarettes?PASSAGE FOUR55. What does the passage mainly discuss?PART VI WRITING [45 MIN]Should we revive traditional Chinese characters or continue using simplified characters?This has been an intensely discussed question for years. The following are the supporters’and opponents’ opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue.Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。
英语四级新题型变化(“部分”文档)共10张
变化四：写作侧重应用文体
• 考试中先考写作。
可以预见，原来那些所谓的解题技巧在今后的新四级中将逐步淡出舞台。 即按照写作、快速阅读理解、听力理解、仔细阅读理解、完形填空和翻译的顺序进行测试。 虽然新四级中取消了考查语法词汇的“结构与词汇”部分，而用上了更加灵活的考查方式。 第三部分为复合式听写。
• 即按照写作、快速阅读理解、听力理解、仔细阅读理解、 10个小对话，分值比例10％
3．仔细阅读时间减少，尽量挤出完形填空的时间来弥补。
新题型另中，外听，力的快比速重由阅20读％上要升求到3在5％1，5阅分读钟理解内比重完由成40％一下篇降到13250％0。字左右的文章和后面的10道题，前 7个是判断正误，后3个是填空题（答案基本都是原文中出现的原词）。
由此不难看出，“快速+准确”是今后四级阅读部分考查的重点。
变化三：综合部分难度增加 • 综合部分为完形填空或改错、汉译英或简短回答，
分数占全卷的15％。其特点是题型选择多样，并有一 定比例的主观题。 • 其中汉译英不是整句翻译，而是英文句子中留出中文 部分，相当于词组考查；选词填空与老题型完形填空 比，更注重考查词的辨析和基本用法。
• 虽然新四级中取消了考查语法词汇的“结构与词汇”部分， 而用上了更加灵活的考查方式。所以，背单词的习惯不仅 不能丢，还要能正确使用。
英语四级新题型变化
变化一：听力比重提高 听力篇增加长对话淡化答题技巧
新题型中，听力的比重由20％上升到35％，阅读理解比重由40％下降到35％。所以我个人认为，
以前在四、六级考试中被公认的“得阅读者得天下”应改为“得听力者得天下，得阅读者守天下”。
听力总共分为三个部分： 第一部分由八个小对话和两个长对话组成； 第二部分是三篇小文章；
英语四级新题型分析
英语四级新题型分析
近年来，英语四级考试不断更新改革，引入了一些新题型，让考生
们备战考试时感到新鲜有趣。
本文将对英语四级新题型进行分析，帮
助考生更好地应对考试。
首先，值得注意的是阅读理解部分的变化。
在新题型中，阅读理解
不再只是简单地让考生理解文章内容，而是加入了一些推断、判断和
分析的要求。
考生需要通过文章理解作者的观点、态度等，进一步提
升阅读理解能力。
其次，听力部分也有了一些新的题型。
比如听力填空题，考生需要
根据听到的内容填写空缺处的单词或短语，这要求考生在听力过程中
能够快速捕捉信息，提高听力反应能力和准确度。
除此之外，写作部分也有了一些新题型。
比如翻译句子，考生不仅
需要准确翻译句子，还要对句子结构、语法等方面有一定的了解。
这
种题型旨在检验考生的语言功底和运用能力。
总的来说，英语四级新题型的引入旨在更全面地考察考生的英语能力，不仅要求考生具备良好的语言基础，还要求考生具备较强的分析、推断、应用能力。
因此，考生在备考过程中除了注重基础知识的积累，还要多做模拟题，熟悉新题型的要求，提高应试能力。
在这样一个竞争激烈的时代，英语成为了一门必备的基本能力。
通
过英语四级考试，不仅可以检验个人英语水平，还可以对学习过程进
行一次全面的检阅，提高自身的综合素质。
希望广大考生能够认真备考，真正掌握英语四级新题型，取得优异的成绩。
大学英语四级改革后新题型解析
大学英语四级改革后新题型解析一、试卷描述四级和六级的试卷结构、测试内容、测试题型、分值比例和考试时间如下表所示：二、新题型说明1. 单词及词组听写原复合式听写调整为单词及词组听写，短文长度及难度不变。
要求考生在听懂短文的基础上，用所听到的原文填写空缺的单词或词组，共10题。
短文播放三遍。
建昆点评：从样卷看，10个答案中，共短语占2~3个。
单词拼写难度两张试卷难度依然比较模糊，例如四级可以考到appropriately这样的难词，而六级也可以考出romantic这种四级在1998年就考过的词汇。
几乎所有人都认为，取消句子听写会使得听写难度减弱，恰恰相反，这只会使考生的偶然得分率提高，而考生长期忽视听写和拼写的事实会导致必然失分率的增加。
因为在过去的句子听写中，整句2%的分值可以至少保证考生写出句子中部分较为简单的单词继而得分，而新试卷中，一词(或一个短语)占1%的设计，会让得分和失分出现在转瞬之间。
你不妨做个测试，先看看以下几个中文词组，看能写出几个?然后看下拉看答案。
易受伤害的; 聪明的; 抽象的; 把事情搞清楚;答案：Vulnerable intelligent abstract figuring things out策略：请确认，在每次做完听力题目之后，题目选项和对应原文(答案区域)中全部单词短语保证拼写成功。
不用急，稍后，在考前约一个月，建昆老师的微信将开始播发每日听写训练。
2. 长篇阅读原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。
篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。
每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。
有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。
建昆点评：这种设置，在雅思阅读中被称之为“段落信息匹配题”，经典之处在于迷惑力强。
请关注这句话：有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。
按样卷的设置：四级本题共计9段，对应10题，这意味着必有一段对应两题;六级本题共计15段，对应10题，这意味着必有5题是纯干扰段。
大学英语四级新题型笔记总结
新题型CET-4个人总结本人2013暑假的总结，请同学们耐心看，希望对你们有帮助，前面是旧题型，后面有补充部分，请注意。
在此郑重强调不是网络复制，如质疑，请勿下载。
对考生们的建议，只做真题，模拟的出题人永远达不到真题的水准，模拟题只是对真题的猜测，并且很无序，个人强烈反对模拟及其他任何练习题。
真题吃透，不要因反复做的多了记住答案了，而觉得真题腻，只有知道真题每道题的规律，才能做好英语考试。
真题建议：第一遍：严格按照考试时间，创造最贴近考试的环境来完成真题。
第二遍：摘抄生词，长句进行记忆分析，进一步熟悉文章，正面分析正确选择项，使自己的思路初步贴近出题人的思路。
看答案的时候最好不要看相关的分析，因为这样可能会让自己的思路跟着出书人跑。
另外，你需要对出的题目有一个分类了，例如细节题目，作者态度题目，例证题目，文章主旨题目等等，为以后的进一步总结应对策略打下基础。
第三遍：反面分析错误选择项（至关重要！）主要应该主要从4个方面着手：1、对比正确选项和错误选项，找出其差异所在。
在知道了为什么正确答案为什么正确的基础上找出错误的原因，出题人为什么要用这个错误选项来迷惑我们——用的是偷换概念还是以小代大？同意互换的修饰成分是否遗漏？作者观点题目答案给的是不是有出题人主观倾向以及这种倾向是不是可以作为规律来对待？2、把错误选择项带到原文中，看看出题人是怎么把作者意图和事实歪曲的。
关于这点你可以分析完10篇来一个总结，你会很惊奇的发现：原来每道题目错误选项的来路是这么的相似！以后再见到这种错误选项的时候很大程度上你就能感觉到什么应该是正确的什么是错误的了（这就是你和出题人思路的接近过程）。
3、把握绝对和相对的关系，找出错误选项代表性的词汇。
很多辅导班老师会这么告诉你：包含some，perhaps，about，seems 等词汇的选择项一般都是正确的，而包含certainly，extremely等绝对的一般都是错误的。
英语四级考试的最新题型和变化趋势
英语四级考试的最新题型和变化趋势近年来，随着全球教育的快速发展和英语的重要性日益提升，英语四级考试也不断变化和更新，以适应时代的发展和学生的需求。
本文将介绍英语四级考试的最新题型和变化趋势。
一、听力部分在过去的英语四级考试中，听力部分主要以听力理解为主，要求考生根据听到的对话或短文，回答相关问题。
然而，随着英语教育的改革，听力部分逐渐增加了一些新的题型。
例如，近几年出现了辨音错误、听写单词、选择图片等题型，考察考生对语音、词汇、语境的理解能力。
此外，还有增加长对话和长篇短文的听力材料，考察考生的综合听力能力。
二、阅读部分英语四级考试的阅读部分要求考生阅读一些较长的文章，然后回答相关问题。
过去，阅读部分的题型以选择题和判断题为主。
但是，最近几年，考试的题型也在逐渐变化。
例如，出现了信息匹配、填空题、摘要题等新的题型。
这些题型要求考生更加全面地理解文章内容，能准确、快速地抓取关键信息。
三、写作部分英语四级考试的写作部分通常包括短文写作和作文写作。
在过去的考试中，短文写作要求考生根据提供的提示，写一篇约120词的短文。
而作文写作则要求考生根据提供的话题，写一篇约200词的文章。
然而，最新的考试变化显示，对于短文写作，考生可能需要写一封邮件、一份便条、一篇海报或报纸报道等。
而作文的题材也更加广泛，涵盖社会、教育、科技等各个领域。
四、口语部分英语四级考试的口语部分是近几年新增的部分，要求考生用英语进行对话。
新的题型包括自我介绍、问答、讨论话题等。
考生需要流利地表达观点，掌握一定的口语应对策略。
总体来说，英语四级考试的最新题型和变化趋势体现了对考生语言综合能力的更高要求。
通过针对不同语言技能的考查，旨在培养学生的英语应用能力，提高英语语言能力的实际运用能力，使学生能够更好地适应国际化的背景。
综上所述，英语四级考试的最新题型和变化趋势主要体现在听力、阅读、写作和口语部分，要求考生具备更广泛的英语应用能力。
只有通过不断学习、积累，并熟悉最新的考试形式，考生才能在考试中取得理想的成绩。
2013年改革后英语四级新题型完整整理
中国经济总需求aggregate demand总供给aggregate supply企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture企业形象corporate image (Cl); enterprise image跨国公司cross-national corporation创业精神enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit外资企业foreign-funded enterprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济holiday economy人力资本human capital航空和航天工业aerospace industry飞机制造工业aircraft industry电子工业electronic industry汽车制造工业car industry娱乐业entertainment industry信息产业information industry知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry博彩业lottery industry制造业manufacturing industry垄断行业monopoly industries市场多元化market diversification市场经济market economy市场监管market supervision购买力purchasing power熊市bear market牛市bull market城镇化urbanization房地产real estate首付down-payment业主home owner个人购房贷款individual housing loan经济全球化economic globalization经济特区special economic zones (SEZ)经济增长economic growth泡沫经济bubble economy 关税tariff纳税人tax payer宏观经济macro economy货币投放量the size of money supply流动性过剩excess liquidity经济过热overheated economy通货膨胀inflation抑制通货膨胀curb inflation注入流动性to inject liquidity贴现率discount rate存款准备金率reserve requirement ratio (RRR)公开市场业务open market operation (OMO)逆回购reverse repurchase agreement; reverse repo引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy微调货币政策to fine-tune monetary policy硬着陆hard landing软着陆soft landing二十国集团Group of Twenty (G2O)财政部长Finance Minister全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year经济活力economic vitality大规模经济刺激计划a massive economic stimulus package结构改革structural reform硬资产hard assets软资产soft assets有形资产tangible assets经济走廊economic corridor整顿市场秩序to rectify the market order反垄断antitrust; anti-monopoly定价浮动price fluctuations谋求利益最大化to maximize profit债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务local government debt/liability公共财政体制改革an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理debt management信用支持credit support中国历史与文化京剧Peking opera秦腔Qin opera功夫Kungfo太极Tai Chi口技ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏shadowplay折子戏opera highlights杂技acrobatics相声witty dialogue comedy刺绣embroidery苏绣Suzhou embroidery泥人clay figure书法calligraphy中国画traditional Chinese painting水墨画Chinese brush painting中国结Chinese knot中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass青铜器bronze ware瓷器porcelain; china唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术martial arts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucian culture道教Taoism墨家Mohism法家Legalism佛教Buddhism孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子Lao Tzu庄子Chuang Tzu墨子Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字pictographic characters文房四宝（笔墨纸观）the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone) 《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游爷己》Journey to the West《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》Historical Records《诗经》The Book of Songs《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures八股文eight-part essay五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave旗袍cheongsam中山装Chinese tunic suit唐装Tang suit风水Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历Solar calendar阴历Lunar calendar闰年leap year十二生肖zodiac春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节the Mid-autumn Day重阳节the Double-ninth Day七夕节the Double-seventh Day春联spring couplets庙会temple fair爆竹firecracker年画（traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯festival lantern灯谜lantern riddle舞狮lion dance踩高跷stilt walking赛龙舟dragon boat race胡同hutong山东菜Shandong cuisine川菜Sichuan cuisine粤菜Canton cuisine扬州菜Yangzhou cuisine月饼moon cake年糕rice cake油条deep-fried dough sticks豆浆soybean milk馒头steamed buns花卷steamed twisted rolls包子steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck拉面hand-stretched noodles馄饨wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐tofu? bean curd麻花fried dough twist烧饼clay oven rolls皮蛋100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭fried rice with egg糖葫芦tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城the Great Wall of China烽火台beacon tower秦士台皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池Huaqing Hot Springs五台山"Wutai Mountain九华山Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山Mount Tai黄山Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫the Imperial Palace天坛the Temple of Heaven午门Meridian Gate大运河Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关Juyongguan Pass九龙壁the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵the Ming Tombs苏州园林Suzhou gardens西湖West Lake九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼drum tower四合院quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙Confucius Temple乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重reincarnated soul boy中药traditional Chinese medicine《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine 《神农本草经》Shennong，s Herbal Classic《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica针灸acupuncture推拿medical massage切脉feeling the pulse五禽戏five-animal exercises旧石器时代the Paleolithic Age新石器时代the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age母系氏族社会matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代dynasty秦朝Qin Dynasty汉朝Han Dynasty唐朝Tang Dynasty宋朝Song Dynasty元朝Yuan Dynasty明朝Ming Dynasty清朝Qing Dynasty秦士台皇帝Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃imperial concubine丞相，宰相prime minister太监court eunuch少数民族ethnic minority祭祀offer sacrifices西域the Western Regions战国the Warring States中华文明Chinese civilization文明的摇篮cradle of civilization秦始皇统一中国unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang 鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌变法the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命the 1911 Revolution新民主主义革命New-democratic Revolution五四运动the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义Nanchang Uprising918 事变September 18th Incident长征the Long March西安事变Xi"an Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争the War of Resistance Against Japan毛泽东Mao Tse-tong孙中山Sun Yat-sen蒋介石Chiang Kai-shek国民党Kuomingtang中华人民共和国the People’s Republic of China (PRC)满族Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫scholar-officials学者scholar诗人poet政治家statesman社会地位social status中国社会多元文化论cultural pluralism文化适应acculturation社会保障social security班车shuttle bus相定迁户a relocated unit or household大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女the only child in a family单亲single parent福利彩票welfare lotteries家政服务household management service民工migrant laborers名人celebrity农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers青春期puberty全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查nationwide census社会保险social insurance暂住证temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency性骚扰sexual harassment走私smuggling*性另歧视gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视age discrimination工作歧视job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲illiteracy贫富分化disparity between the rich and the poor盗版pirated/illegal copies一国两制One Country, Two Systems三个代表the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 南南合作South-South Cooperation南北对话North-South Dialog人大常委会People’s Congress Standing Committee法制观念awareness of law法制国家a country with an adequate legal system改革开放reform and opening-up公务员civil servants官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存harmonious coexistence计划生育family planning计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family planning4青才申文明建设the construction of spiritual civilization居委会neighborhood committee科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education可持续发展sustainable development廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency两岸关系cross-straits relations两岸谈判cross-straits negotiations领土完整territorial integrity民族精神national spirit普选制general election system求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization小康社会a well-off society小康水平a well-off standard一个中国原则the one-China principle与时俱进keep pace with the times综合国力overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟non-alignment单边主义unilateralism多边政策multilateralism多极世界multipolar world人口老龄化aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务community service道德法庭court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校night school for adults在职进修班on-job training courses政治思想教育political and ideological education毕业生分酉己graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电update one’s knowledge初等教育elementary education大学城college town大学社区college community高等教育higher education高等教育“211 工程”the “211 Project”for higher education 高等学府institution of higher education综合性大学comprehensive university文科院校colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学college / university of science and engineering师范学院teachers’college; normal college高分低能high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招the college expansion plan教育界education circle教育投入input in education九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动extracurricular activities必修课required/compulsory course选修课elective/optional course基础课basic courses专业课specialized courses课程表school schedule教学大纲teaching program; syllabus学习年限period of schooling学历record of formal schooling学分credit启发式教学heuristic teaching人才交流talent exchange人才战competition for talented people商务英语证书Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率enrollment rate for children of school age升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate1.中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。
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改革后英语四级新题型总结一览
大学英语四级考试大纲(Syllabus for College English Test —Band Four(CET-4)— )由全国大学四、六级考试组委会制定。
从2013年12月起，大学英语四级考试将以前的快速阅读改编成为信息匹配也就是新题型。
文章后附有10个句子，每句所含的信息均出自文章的某一段落，要求大家找出与每句话所含信息相匹配的段落。
有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能与任何一题都不对应。
这就考察大家是否能够快速定位到文中的关键信息并进行信息匹配。
总的来说，新题型的难度不大，只要大家掌握相应的做题技巧，这个题是可以得满分的。
对于这个题型大家在考前进行少量练习就可以了，但是要注重掌握方法。
用的巨微英语《四级真题/逐句精解》，就总结了新题型的做题方法，很有助于做题。
第一部分：写作
(PartⅤ：Writing)：共1题，考试时间30分钟。
要求考生写出一篇100-120词的短文，试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或要求看图作文，或给出段首句要求续写;或给出关键词要求写成短文。
要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。
写作的内容包括
日常生活和一般常识。
短文写作部分的目的是测试学生运用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。
不会写作的话就先多背一些模板，套用模板先进行练习，然后再背一些好的句型，套用句型练习，再最后将想写的作文写成中文进行英文翻译都是非常好的方法。
第二部分：听力理解
为了适应新的形势下社会对大学生英语听力能力需求的变化，进一步提高听力测试的效度，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会自2016年6月考试起将对四、六级考试的听力试题作局部调整。
调整的相关内容说明如下。
四级听力试题的调整
1、取消短对话
2、取消短文听写
3、增短篇新闻(3段)
其余测试内容不变。
调整后四级听力部分的试题结构见下表：
很多同学都会选择去听VOA、BBC和CNN新闻，这些材料主要有两种来源：一是各类英语学习网，比如“中国雅思网”；另一种就是各类听力app，比如沪江听力，朗思易听等等，可以下载到手机或者ipad上，随时可以听。
第三部分：阅读理解
(Part Ⅱ：Reading Comprehension)：共20题，考试时间40分。
包含三个部分:SectionA词汇理解,有10题，根据文章后面给出的15个单词填补文章里的10个空格，不能使用给出的单词超过一次。
SectionB长篇阅读，有10题，篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。
每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。
有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。
SectionC仔细阅读，有10题，两篇文章，每篇文章后有5个问
题或者未完成的声明。
题材广泛，可以包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识、科普常识等，但是所涉及的背景知识应能为学生所理解;选材的原则是：
1、体裁多样，可以包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等;
2、文章的语言难度中等，无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词，如超出教学大纲词汇表四级的范围，用汉语注明词义。
阅读理解部分主要测试下述能力：
1、掌握所读材料的主旨和大意;
2、了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节;
3、既理解字面的意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论;
4、既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文的逻辑关系。
阅读理解部分的目的是测试学生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定速度。
考试的时候，大家没有那么多的时间去细细的品读试题文章，所以需要快速高效的阅读。
具体来说，就是在阅读的时候，首先阅读文章开头的段落，力求理解文章大意。
其次阅读各个段落的主题句和结论句，英文文章的主题句一般在
段落的首尾处。
抓住主题句就掌握了段落大意，然后略去细节不读，以提高略读速度。
最后在阅读时，注意转折词和序列词，其后往往是该段中提纲挈领的主题句。
第四部分：翻译
(Part Ⅲ：Vocabulary and Structure)：共1题，考试时间30分钟。
段落汉译英，翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
长度为140~160个汉字。