科技是把双刃剑(Technology-A Double-edged Sword)
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科技是把双刃剑(Technology-A Double-edged Sword)
inthepast,technologicaladvancementwasgenerallyheldtobesynonymouswit hprogress,andprogresstobesynonymouswithabsolutegood.peoplethoughto ftechnologyasasolutiontoproblems,notacreatorofthem.aswetookeachstepf orward,technologicallyspeaking,weassumedthatwewereleavingolddifficulti esbehindandadvancingintoanewandmorepleasantfuture.thiswasonlypartia llytrue.forustechnologicaladvancementdidsolveoldproblems,italsocreatedn ewones.theseproblemsareofvarioustypes,eachhavingdifferentimplications andrequiringdifferentdegreesofhumandecision.onesetofproblemscanberea dilyidentifiedbylookingaround.theseproblemsconcernthe"pollution"ofoure nvironmentbytechnologyasaresultofsuddenupsetsandimbalancesinthephys ical,economicandsocialequilibrium.themostobviousaspectsofthesearetheg eneralpollutionofourphysicalenvironmentandthedestructionofirreplaceabl enaturalresources.notsoobviousasthese,butjustaspainfullysignificanttosom e,aretheeffacementanddisplacementofjobswhichovernightoftencreatelarg egroupsofjoblesscitizens.cantechnologybeusedtoundowhatithasdone,repla cewhatithasdestroyedorsubstitutewhatithascausedtodisappear?noonekno ws.manyofuswonderwhetherallofthesourcesofpollutionhaveyetbeenidenti fied,whethertheyarebeingarrestedandwhethertheywillbepreventedfromre curring.anothersetofproblemsrelatetowhattechnologicaladvancementhasd
onetothequalityoflife.animprovedlifehasnotbeen,unfortunately,eithertheg oalorthechiefbeneficiaryoftechnologicalchange.toomuchhashappenedtoof ast.incontrast,inthepast,thingschangedslowlyenoughtoaccommodategradu alchange.peoplecouldbeawareofitandadjustedtoit,andperhapstheycouldev enchangeit.inthemodernworld,wemustmakerapiddecisionstoday,ortomorr owwemayfindawholenewworldbuiltup.presumablythemostsignificantandp otentiallyexplosiveissues,however,arethoserelatedtomethodsofhumanman ipulationandcontrol.thereisalsothenewhorizonofgeneticanalysis,manipulati onandcorrection.andthereisnowthepossibilityofcreatingalivingsubstancean ddecodingandgeneratingacompleteorganismfromtheinformationfoundwit hinacell.thisisnolongeradaydream.someconsiderthesepossibilitiesvisions,ot hersnightmares.itistruethatincrediblepowersarenowwithinourhands,oratle astwithinourreach,andthequestionnolongeris"canwedoit?"but"howsoonca nwedoit?"ourliveshavebeenandarebeingchangeddrastically.thepointistotak econtroloftechnologyortobedrivenbyit.文章