计量单位与换算式

计量单位与换算式

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计量单位与换算公式[回电子表格]

常数与换算

地球赤道半径=6378.39km 地球两极半径=6356.91km

地球旋转角速度Ω=7.292*105s-1重力g45=980.616cm s**(-2)

太阳常数=1.96ly min**(-1) 水分子量mw=18.016g mol**(-1)

干空气气体常数=2.8704*10**6erg g**(-1) K**(-1)

干空气平均分子量m=28.966g mol**(-1)

干空气定压比热cp=7R/2=0.240 cal g**(-1) K**(-1)

干空气定容比热cv=5R/2=0.171 cal g**(-1) K**(-1)

Stefan-Boltzmann constant=8.132*10**(-11)ly K**(-4) min**(-1)

纬度平行于赤道，1度约111公里，经度因为在两极相会，故自赤道处之1度约111公里渐向两极缩为0公里，在台北(北纬24度)附近，1经度约为101公里。两点间之距离公式列如下：[电子表格]

两点间距离D(x1,y1,x2,y2)=r*acos(sin(x1)*sin(x2)+cos(x1)*cos(x2)*cos(y1-y2))

x,y是纬度，经度的弧度单位，r是地球半径

在同经度上时D=r*|x1-x2|

气压：1 atmosphere pressure=1013.25hPa=760.00mm of mercury(Hg)=29.921 inches(Hg)≒14.7lb/sq.inch

速度：1m/s = 1.94knots = 2.24miles/hr = 3.28ft/s = 3.60 km/hr

长度：1浬nautical mile=1.150776哩mile=6076呎feet=1852公尺meter=6100台尺=72913吋inch

重量：1台斤=0.6公斤kilogram=1.2市斤=1.3227磅pound=21.16434英两ounce 面积：1公顷=100公亩=10000平方公尺sq.meter=2.471英亩acre=1.0310甲=3025坪=10.31分

容积：1立方公尺cubic meter=1公秉=1000公升liter=219.98加仑

gallon(UK)=264.171gallon(USA)

热量：1 calorie=4.187*10**7 ergs

太阳辐射单位换算--近紫外线(约0.3-0.4μ)至近红外线(约3~4μ)间之波长

积算量：1MJ‧m-2=23.9cal‧cm-2=0.278 kw‧h‧m-2

强度：1cal‧cm-2‧min-1=0.698kw‧1kw‧m-2=1.431cal‧cm-2‧min-1

1J=1w‧s 1ly=1cal‧cm-2= 0.0428MJ‧m-2

IPS(International Pyrheliometric Scale)-1956观测值=Smithsonian观测值×0.98

WRR(World Radiometric Reference) 观测值= IPS-1956观测值×1.022 (CWB测报作业规范)

长度(英美制) Lengths *

1 foot (ft.) = 1

2 inches (in.) 1 yard (yd) =

3 feet

1 rod = 5.5 yards 1 fathom = 6 feet

1 furlong = 40 rods = 1/8 mile 1 mile (mi.) = 1760 yards = 5280 feet

1 nautical mile = 1.15 miles = 6076.1

1 land league = 3 miles

feet

1 marine league = 3 nautical miles

重量(英美制) Weights *

Avoirdupois Measures 1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)

1 ounce (oz.) = 437.5 grains 1 pound (lb.) = 16 ounces

1 ton = 2000 pounds 1 long ton = 2240 pounds

Troy Measures 1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)

1 carat = 3.086 grains = 0.

2 grams 1 pennyweight = 24 grains

1 troy ounce = 480 grains 1 troy pound = 1

2 troy ounces

Apothecary Measures 1 grain = 0.0648 grams (g)

1 scruple = 20 grains 1 dram = 3 scruples

1 apothecary ounce = 8 drams 1 apothecary pound = 1

2 apothecary ounces

体积Volumes *

液体计量Liquid Measures

1 tablespoon (tbsp or T) = 3

1 fluid ounce (fl oz) =

2 tablespoons = 1.805 in

3 teaspoons (tsp or t)

1 cup (c) = 8 fl. oz. 1 pint (pt) = 16 fl. oz. = 28.88 in3

1 quart (qt) =

2 pints = 57.75 in

3 1 gallon (gal) =

4 quarts

1 barrel of petroleum = 4

2 gal. 1 barrel of liquid = 31 gal.

固体计量Dry Measures

1 in3 = 16.387 cm3 1 ft3 = (1

2 in)

3 = 1728 in3

1 yd3 = (3 ft)3 = 27 ft3 1 dry pint (pt) = 33.60 in3

1 dry quart (qt) =

2 dry pints = 67.2

1 peck = 8 dry quarts

in3

1 bushel = 4 pecks 1 cord = 128 ft3

SI (Metric) Prefixes *

Small Values Large Values

Prefix Abbreviation Value Prefix Abbreviation Value

分(十分)

d 10-1十Deca da 101

Deci

厘(百分) c 10-2百Hecto h 102