综合英语教程课后翻译5-8

A new study dispels the notion cherished among certain classes of Americans that music can improves a child's intelligence.

一项新的研究消除了某些美国人所珍视的观点，即音乐能够提高孩子的智力。

To this point, only a few dozen studies have examined the purported mental benefits of learning music , and only five used randomized controlled studies, studies designed to isolate causal effects.

对于这一点，仅有几十项研究检验过传闻中的学习音乐对智力的益处，其中只有5项采用了随机对照研究，即所设计的研究将因果效应分离出来。

Although lasting no more than 15 minutes or so, the effect was touted as a sustainable boost to general intelligence, with Georgia Governor Zell Miller in 1998 promising more than $1000000 in funding per year to provide every child in the state with a recording classical music.

尽管这一效应只持续了大约15分钟，但却被吹嘘成智力可持续的提高，乔治亚州州长泽尔米勒就在1998年承诺每年拿出超过1000000美元的资金用于该州每位儿童提供一张古典音乐的唱片。

We don’t teach kids Shakespeare because we think it will help them do better on SATs, we do it because we believe Shakespeare is important.

我们教孩子莎士比亚不是因为我们认为这能帮助他们在大学入学考试中做得更好，我们这样做是因为我们认为莎士比亚很重要。

Throughout human history and antiquity, music has represented an integral quality of the human animal, the commonality in every culture of the world - including music for children.

在整个人类历史和古代，音乐代表了人类这一动物不可或缺的品质以及世界上每一种文化的共性—包括儿童音乐。

It often puts a strain on water resources and it can force local populations to compete for the use of critical resources.

它常常造成的水资源紧张的局面,迫使当地居民争夺紧缺资源。

Because of the hot climate and the tendency of tourists to consume more water when on holiday than they do at home, the amount used can run up to 440 liters a day.

由于气候炎热，游客度假时倾向于使用比在家里更多的水，用量可达到每天440升。

In areas with high concentrations of tourist and appealing natural attractions, waste disposal is a serious problem and improper disposal can be a major despoiler of the natural environment - rivers, scenic areas and roadsides.

在旅游活动集中地区和颇具人气的自然景点，废物处理是一个严峻的问题，处置不当可能威胁到自然环境—河流、风景区和路边。

Often tourism fails to integrate its structures with the natural features and indigenous architecture of the destination.

通常旅游业未能将其结构与当地自然特性和本土建筑相结合。

It can also cause loss of biodiversity when land and resources are strained by excessive use, and when impacts to vegetation, wildlife, mountain, marine and coastal environments and water resources exceed the carrying capacity.

当土地和资源被过度使用，植被、野生动物、高山、海洋和海岸环境和水资源超出其承载能力时，也会导致生物多样性的丧失。

The history of scientific discovery is peppered with breakthroughs that came about by accident.

科学发现的历史充满了各种偶然的突破。

But a side-effect of this awesome efficiency may be a shrinking, rather than an expansion, of our horizons, because we are less likely to come across things we are not in quest of.

但是这种惊人的效率的一个副作用就是我们的视界不但没有扩大，反而缩小了，因为我们和自己并没有在找的事物偶遇的机会变小了。

And as it has evolved, it has become better and better at ensuring we need never strayfrom our virtual triangles.

而且随着它逐渐进化，它越来越擅长保证我们不会偏离自己的虚拟三角。

Twitter is better at leading us to the interests of people beyond our social circle, but our tendency to associate with others who think in similar ways—what sociologists call ou r “value homophily”—means most of us end up with a feed that feels like an extended dinner party.

推特微博可以更好地让我们接触到自己社交圈子以外的人的兴趣，但是我们还是有倾向于和自己想法相似的人相互结交的天性。社会学家称其为人类的“价值类聚”，这意味着我们中大多数获得的信息流就好像是一个延长的晚餐聚会一样。

Driven by the needs of advertisers keen to hit eve r more tightly delineated targets, today’s internet plies us with “relevant” information and screens out the rest.

随着广告商需要对准描述越来越精确的个人，今天的互联网强制灌输大量“相关”信息，把所有其它信息都屏蔽掉了。

The rise of 3D printing — in which designs are downloaded from the Internet and manufactured on a small scale — could herald the emergence of a new generation of producers, who will bring “an unprecedented variety to the products used in the developed world.”

3D打印机的兴起—通过互联网下载设计模型，小规模地生产出品——预示着新一代的生产商的出现，他们将带来“为发达国家带来空前多样化的产品

In the future, new technologies and information systems will streamline mundane, everyday tasks: Imagine a refrigerator that automatically orders groceries, or a washing machine that cleans, dries, and folds laundry, before “algorithmically” recommending the optimal outfi t based on the weather and day of the week.

在未来，新技术和信息系统将简化日常杂物：想象一个冰箱自动调整物品，放置位置，或洗衣机可以根据本周天气情况，根据“算法”推理，为主人推荐一周最佳着装，然后再完成清洗、烘干、折叠的程序。

On the global stage, the most significant impact of the emergence of the Internet will be the reallocation of power from states and institutions to individuals.

在全球范围来看，互联网的崛起最重要的影响是权力的再分配，这种再分配体现在从政府和机构到个人的再分配上。

Unlike traditional media, in which reporters and editors place a premium on accuracy and context, Internet-based media allow anyone with a connection to publish inaccurate