美国文学 托马斯杰弗逊

Contributions and influence
③Drafted the Declaration of Independence.
The Declaration of Independence played a significant role in shaping the history of the U.S. It announced the independence of the country from foreign rule ,particularly that of the British Empire .Various independent colonies merged into ne separate entity, which would later on become the United States.
Contributions and influence
① Introduced a conception of democracy to America, where the people might have a fresh start toward liberty, selfhood, and that excellence which he sought in all things. ②Created and leaded the Democratic Republican party, the predecessor of the Democratic party.
Contributions and influence
⑧abolished the excise of taxes and stressed on the development of agriculture, which had had a substantia effect on the rapid development of American economy. ⑨banned the slave trade.
Thoughts and politics
①vigorous humanitarian sympathies ②this patrician humanist looked to merit and ability alone, not to privilege; the natural rights of man must be secured by law inalienably for all, irrespective of station. ③He thought the government’s purpose was the benefit of the individual, not his exploitation, it must provide freedom of speech, thought, association, press, worship, education and enterprise. ④He resisted extreme federalism and aristocratic tendencies.
History and Anthology of American Literature
制作者：……
2013.03.10
Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)
Contents:
1、Brief introduction 2、Contributions and influence 3、Thoughts and politics 4、The Declaration of Independence
With the Louisiana purchase in 1803, the united states purchased approximately 828,000,000 square miles of territory from France, thereby doubling the size of the young republic. This event is considered as one of the most important achievements of Tomas Jefferson's presidency.
Contributions and influence
⑥Founded the University of Virginia, designed the main building and became the first president of this university.
⑦The purchase of the Louisiana events
Brief Introduction
• Founded the national library (Library of Congress) • Founded the University of Virginia, designed the main building and became the first president of this university.（1819） • Died：4 July 1826
Brief Introduction
• Drafted the Declaration of Independence in 1776. • Governor of Virginia (1779–81) • Went to Paris to assist Franklin and Adams in treaty negotiations (1784) • Remained in Paris to succeed Franklin as American minister(1784) • Worked as the first American Secretary of State in Washington’s Cabinet. • Elected to the vice—presidency • Won the election of 1800 and served for two terms President.
Brief Introduction
• Born: 13 April 1743 • Birthplace: Albemarle, Virginia • Family background: a family closely related to some of the most prominent individuals in Virginia, planter aristocrat • Went to William and Mary College for 2-year study, prepared the practice of law. • Elected to the Virginia House of Burgesses in 1769. • Represented Virginia in the Second Continental Congress in 1775.
Influence
The Jefferson Nickel 1938–2004
Jefferson's face in close profile, US nickel, 2005
Jefferson's face, US nickel, 2006–present
Influence
Jefferson became a time magazine cover in 1997.
• Philosoph源自文库cal background • The historical document is strongly influenced by the spirit of republicanism. It also reflects Enlightenment philosophy, including the concepts of natural law(从自然汲 取的法则或法律体制）, and selfdetermination. Ideas and some of the phrasing was taken directly from the writings of Scottish philosopher John Locke.
Robert R. Livingston
Roger Sherman
John Adams
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Jefferson
John Hancock
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Jefferson
John Adams
Some signatures on the Declaration
Contributions and influence
④Devoted himself to codifying and liberalizing the laws, put forward religious freedom. ⑤The sale of library of ten thousand volumes to the national government provided the foundation of the national library.
Influence
Jefferson on US postage
Influence
Jefferson's role in US currency
Thomas Jefferson on Presidential Dollar
Jefferson portrayed on the United States two-dollar bill
The Declaration of Independence
Famous Quotation We hold these truths to be self-evident， that all men are created equal，that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights，that they are among these are life，liberty and the pursuit of happiness. 我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的：人人 生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的 权利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福 的权利。 This sentence has been called “one of the best-known sentences in the English language”and “the most potent(有力的， 有效的）and consequential words in American history”.
Jefferson was considered as a talent and versatile president, he was respected as a outstanding representative of the American bourgeois democracy, along with Lincoln and Washington.
Historical Background
• Believe me, dear Sir: there is not in the British empire a man who more cordially loves a union with Great Britain than I do. But, by the God that made me, I will cease to exist before I yield to a connection on such terms as the British Parliament propose; and in this, I think I speak the sentiments of America. —Thomas Jefferson, November 29, 1775