儿童GPS防丢器的设计

儿童GPS防丢器的设计

摘要

步入二十一世纪，我们老龄化比例逐渐上升，独生子女现象日益普遍。作为社会中坚力量的中年人，面对日益激励的职场竞争和社会生活、住房等压力而无暇满足小孩子的监护需求。另一方面，一些罪犯分子利用儿童年龄较小、社会安全意识不足的特点而进行一系列犯罪活动，这些都给儿童的生命安全带来了潜在的威胁。因此，加强对儿童的实时追踪以确保他们的安全就显得特别的重要。近年来，随着传统的GPS应用领域不断得到扩展，逐渐从军用发展到民用，使得对儿童的追踪定位成为了可能。

本论文提出的基于GPS&GSM儿童定位系统是以自我保护能力较弱的儿童为对象的。本系统目的是对儿童进行定位和监控，他们的父母可以随时查看儿童所处位置。父母可以通过手机向设备发送命令，设备受到发送的命令后以短信的形式将父母所需信息反馈回去。同时，父母可以将儿童应该出现的“合法”位置在设备中加以设定，当携带设备的儿童在户外活动中超出此位置后，设备可以向父母发送报警信息。

本系统包括GPS模块、GSM模块、显示器和单片机。主要完成以下三方面的工作：(1) 儿童定位系统的整体方案的设计；(2) 儿童定位系统的硬件设计；(3) 儿童定位系统的软件设计。通过对课题的充分研讨和对硬件电路的认真、细致的连接，本人完成了硬件电路的设计，经测试，硬件电路连接性较好，基本符合设计要求。

关键词：GPS，GSM，全球卫星定位

GPS Positioning Monitoring System for Children

ABSTRACT

Stepping into 21st century,the proportion of aging is rapid increasing and it is common that one family only has one child.Middle class who plays important role for the development of our country are so busy that they don’t have enough time to take care of their child,and the increasing complexity of urban roads ,different kinds of traffic accidents and the high crime rate also put strong pressure for the safety of children.As a result,the real-time tracking of children becomes especially important for children to insure their safety.In recent years,with the rapid development of GPS,it has been used widely in different fields,from military to civilian ,making the track of children come true.

The parer proposed a system which based on GPS &GSM is intend to protect the children who is vulnerable .It enables parents to know where their children stay so that they could locate and monitor their children.Parents can monitor the children through there phone .They send orders to the device and the device send the information that it’s required back.Meanwhile parents can set a prosper circle position in the device .once children beyond this circle in outdoor activities,the device will send alert information to their parents through GSM.

The system includes GPS module,GSM module ,display and MCU which could complete the following tasks :(1) the overall design scheme of children positioning;(2) children positioning system hardware design;(3) children positioning system software design. With a lot of discussion and research of the subject and conscientious and careful connecting of the hardware,i completed the design of this system. After tested,i found that hardware circuit is good and basically meet the design requirements.

KEY WORDS:GPS，GSM，Global Positioning Satellite

目录

第一章绪论 (1)

1.1 课题研究的背景 (1)

1.2 课题研究的现状 (2)

1.3 课题研究的意义 (3)

1.4 课题研究的主要内容 (5)

第二章总体方案的设计 (7)

2.1 设计方案的提出及论证 (7)

2.2 系统功能需求分析 (8)

2.3 系统总体设计 (8)

2.3.1 单片机控制系统 (9)

2.3.2 SIM908模块 (9)

2.4 本章小结 (9)

第三章硬件部分设计 (11)

3.1 GPS部分 (11)

3.1.1 GPS定位技术 (11)

3.1.2 GPS定位原理 (11)

3.1.3 GPS定位的特点 (12)

3.2 GPS定位数据的提取 (12)

3.3 数据传输平台的选择 (13)

3.4 经度纬度转换 (14)

3.5 GSM全球移动通讯系统 (14)

3.5.1 GSM发展历史 (14)

3.5.2 短信息业务（SMS） (15)

3.6 SIM908模块及其外围电路 (15)

3.6.1 SIM908对外接口电路 (16)

3.6.2 状态指示电路 (17)

3.6.3 开关机电路 (18)