高中英语《定语从句》复习课件
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定语从句 ATTRIBUTIVE
CLAUSE
知识准备
什么是定语 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。 This is a big room. The windows of the room are open. This is the bike that I bought yesterday.
定语的位置
ever seen.
I’ve read all the books that you lent me. This is the very book that I want to find. The only place that we visited was the Great
Wall. The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.
先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, the very(正是的，恰好的), the only, the last 修饰时, 引导定语从句用that 。
1.The famous writer and his works
t_h_a__t_ the radio broadcast have
aroused great interest among the students.
2.A victim is a person, animal or
thing _t_h_a__t_ suffers pain, death,
harm, etc.
先行词中既有人又有事物时，
引导定语从句用that .
Which is the bike that you lost?
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl that/who/whom we saw yesterday is Mary.
注意避免重复
先行词和关系词的关系
A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
关系副词
The Restrictive Attributive
定 Clause 语 限制性定语从句 从 句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive
Clause 非限制性定语从句
Attributive clause:
限制性定语从句 restrictive
非限制性定语从句non-restrictive
主句的主语是疑问词 who, which, what 时，定语从句用that 而不用who, (whom) 和which引导。
当关系代词在从句中作表语时
Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.
China is no longer the country that it used to be.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her is Mary.
we saw yesterday
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
her
The girl
we saw yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw yesterday is Mary.
有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系 代词宜用 which, 另外一个用that
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
that指物时一般可以与which互换， 但在下列情况引导词只用that，不 用which
1.Nothing _t_h_a_t__ can be done has been
done.
2.Do you have anything _t_h_a_t__ you
don’t understand ?
先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something,all, much, little, none, the one等不定 代词，引导定语从句用that
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
The school where I study is far from my home. in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
whose
The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.
My brother bought me a beautiful dress. He works very hard at his lessons. We belong to the third world. Do you know the man coming to us? We must find ways to work out this problem. He is a boy of not more than seventeen. The man who is speaking to my father is our headteacher.
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl we saw her yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
指原因 why
副
词
关系代词引导的定语从句
1. 先行词和关系代词的种类
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
先行词 主语
宾语
所有格/定语
人
who, that
whom
Whose，of
(who), that whom
物
which, that which, that whose, of which
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
先行词是序数词或被序 数词修饰时
The train is the last that will go to suzhou.
先行词是形容词最高级或先 行词前有形容词最高级修饰 时,引导定语从句用that 。
This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read This is the most interesting film that I’ve
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is a machine the machine can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
The house whose window is broken is mine.
whose=the house’s window
The house
the window of which is broken
is mine.
of which the window is broken
.that 与which
The boy who broke the window is called Tom. the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
her
The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉， 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说 明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
I was the only person who was invited in my office
Jenny, with whom I played table tennis yesterday, lives in my next room.
The man who came here yesterday has come again.
That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school.
注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主 语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which/whom
关 系 代
指地点 where 关
词
指时间 when 系
The girl who is standing there is Mary.
先行词 关系词
概念： 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词。 关系词作用: a. 连接句子
b.代指先行词 c. 在从句中做成分
注意事项:
1.从句的位置: 先行词 之后 2.翻译方法: “….的” 3.连接词：关系词 关系代词
我认识那个高个子的人。 I know the tall man.
我认识那个戴眼镜的人。 I know the man with a pair of glasses.
我认识你正在找的那个人。 I know the man whom you are looking for.
定语从句相当于一个形容词，跟在名词或代 词后修饰该名词或代词。
A plane is a machine that /which can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
This is a flower basket. This is a basket full of flowers. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.
什么形式作定语
adj. n. num. pron. –ing –ed to do, 短语、名词所 有格、定语从句
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
为什么用定语从句
当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时， 就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。 这是我的杯子
This is my cup. 这是装满水的杯子。
This is the cup full of tea. 这是我喝茶用的杯子。
This is the cup which I drink tea with.
CLAUSE
知识准备
什么是定语 用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语、从句。 This is a big room. The windows of the room are open. This is the bike that I bought yesterday.
定语的位置
ever seen.
I’ve read all the books that you lent me. This is the very book that I want to find. The only place that we visited was the Great
Wall. The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.
先行词被any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, the very(正是的，恰好的), the only, the last 修饰时, 引导定语从句用that 。
1.The famous writer and his works
t_h_a__t_ the radio broadcast have
aroused great interest among the students.
2.A victim is a person, animal or
thing _t_h_a__t_ suffers pain, death,
harm, etc.
先行词中既有人又有事物时，
引导定语从句用that .
Which is the bike that you lost?
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl that/who/whom we saw yesterday is Mary.
注意避免重复
先行词和关系词的关系
A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
关系副词
The Restrictive Attributive
定 Clause 语 限制性定语从句 从 句 The Non-Restrictive Attributive
Clause 非限制性定语从句
Attributive clause:
限制性定语从句 restrictive
非限制性定语从句non-restrictive
主句的主语是疑问词 who, which, what 时，定语从句用that 而不用who, (whom) 和which引导。
当关系代词在从句中作表语时
Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be.
China is no longer the country that it used to be.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her is Mary.
we saw yesterday
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
her
The girl
we saw yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl her we saw yesterday is Mary.
有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系 代词宜用 which, 另外一个用that
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
that指物时一般可以与which互换， 但在下列情况引导词只用that，不 用which
1.Nothing _t_h_a_t__ can be done has been
done.
2.Do you have anything _t_h_a_t__ you
don’t understand ?
先行词是everything, nothing, anything, something,all, much, little, none, the one等不定 代词，引导定语从句用that
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
The school where I study is far from my home. in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
whose
The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.
My brother bought me a beautiful dress. He works very hard at his lessons. We belong to the third world. Do you know the man coming to us? We must find ways to work out this problem. He is a boy of not more than seventeen. The man who is speaking to my father is our headteacher.
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
The girl we saw her yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
指原因 why
副
词
关系代词引导的定语从句
1. 先行词和关系代词的种类
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
先行词 主语
宾语
所有格/定语
人
who, that
whom
Whose，of
(who), that whom
物
which, that which, that whose, of which
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
先行词是序数词或被序 数词修饰时
The train is the last that will go to suzhou.
先行词是形容词最高级或先 行词前有形容词最高级修饰 时,引导定语从句用that 。
This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read This is the most interesting film that I’ve
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
A plane is a machine the machine can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.
The house whose window is broken is mine.
whose=the house’s window
The house
the window of which is broken
is mine.
of which the window is broken
.that 与which
The boy who broke the window is called Tom. the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
her
The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉， 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说 明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
I was the only person who was invited in my office
Jenny, with whom I played table tennis yesterday, lives in my next room.
The man who came here yesterday has come again.
That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school.
注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主 语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.
引导定语从句的关系词
指代人 who，whom，that 指代事物 which，that 所属关系 whose，of which/whom
关 系 代
指地点 where 关
词
指时间 when 系
The girl who is standing there is Mary.
先行词 关系词
概念： 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词： 引导定语从句的词。 关系词作用: a. 连接句子
b.代指先行词 c. 在从句中做成分
注意事项:
1.从句的位置: 先行词 之后 2.翻译方法: “….的” 3.连接词：关系词 关系代词
我认识那个高个子的人。 I know the tall man.
我认识那个戴眼镜的人。 I know the man with a pair of glasses.
我认识你正在找的那个人。 I know the man whom you are looking for.
定语从句相当于一个形容词，跟在名词或代 词后修饰该名词或代词。
A plane is a machine that /which can fly.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
This is a flower basket. This is a basket full of flowers. This is a basket that I want to put flowers in.
什么形式作定语
adj. n. num. pron. –ing –ed to do, 短语、名词所 有格、定语从句
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
her The girl we saw
yesterday is Mary.
关系代词的实质
Join the following sentences:
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
为什么用定语从句
当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时， 就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。 这是我的杯子
This is my cup. 这是装满水的杯子。
This is the cup full of tea. 这是我喝茶用的杯子。
This is the cup which I drink tea with.